CN111237286B - Isolated fluid pressure conversion device with linkage of hydraulic bag and piston - Google Patents

Isolated fluid pressure conversion device with linkage of hydraulic bag and piston

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Publication number
CN111237286B
CN111237286B CN202010130804.9A CN202010130804A CN111237286B CN 111237286 B CN111237286 B CN 111237286B CN 202010130804 A CN202010130804 A CN 202010130804A CN 111237286 B CN111237286 B CN 111237286B
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bag
piston
pressure
fluid
cylinder
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CN202010130804.9A
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CN111237286A (en
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张永利
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Individual
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Priority to CN202010130804.9A priority Critical patent/CN111237286B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1428—Cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2215/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another
    • F15B2215/30—Constructional details thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种流体压力转换装置，包括缸体(1)、活塞(2)和液压囊(3)，液压囊(3)为可承压抗拉且膨胀伸缩可的管状软囊，安装于缸体(1)内，两端的囊咀(32)嵌入活塞(2)和缸盖(12)中心的安装孔中并紧密连接，囊体(31)将缸筒(11)内的空间隔离成囊内腔(4)和囊外腔(5)两部分，分别容纳两种不同的流体，并各自设有流体介质进出的通道。工作时，主动改变其中一个腔中流体的压强或体积量，即可通过囊体(31)胀缩拉伸与活塞(2)滑动的联合作用，使另一个腔中流体的压强或体积量相应发生变化，并且囊内腔(4)比囊外腔(5)中压强变化大，而容积变化量小。该装置可用于增压传动、物料泵送、管路调压等。

The present invention discloses a fluid pressure conversion device, comprising a cylinder body (1), a piston (2) and a hydraulic bag (3). The hydraulic bag (3) is a tubular soft bag that can withstand pressure and resist tension and can expand and contract. The hydraulic bag (3) is installed in the cylinder body (1). The bag mouths (32) at both ends are embedded in the mounting holes in the center of the piston (2) and the cylinder cover (12) and are tightly connected. The bag body (31) separates the space in the cylinder barrel (11) into two parts, namely, a bag inner cavity (4) and a bag outer cavity (5), which respectively contain two different fluids and are each provided with a channel for the fluid medium to enter and exit. When working, the pressure or volume of the fluid in one cavity is actively changed, and the pressure or volume of the fluid in the other cavity is changed accordingly through the combined action of the expansion and contraction of the bag body (31) and the sliding of the piston (2). The pressure change in the bag inner cavity (4) is greater than that in the bag outer cavity (5), while the volume change is smaller. The device can be used for boost transmission, material pumping, pipeline pressure regulation, etc.

Description

Isolated fluid pressure conversion device with linkage of hydraulic bag and piston
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic, pneumatic and variable-volume fluid pumps, in particular to an isolated fluid pressure conversion device with a hydraulic bag and a piston in linkage.
Background
In many industrial contexts involving fluid pressure transmission or fluid material transport, techniques and apparatus for driving one fluid with pressure energy using another fluid have been widely used, with more typical applications including:
1. the supercharging transmission, such as a gas-liquid supercharging cylinder in hydraulic machinery, is used for hydraulic water expansion machines for rock excavation or internal pressure forming processing, and the like;
2. pumping lifting, such as pumping oil by hydraulic pressure in oil extraction, mining industry or discharging mud from underground to the ground;
3. Filter-pressing permeation, for example, in the sea water desalination, the filtered water is pressurized by sea water pressure to perform reverse osmosis to remove salt and the like;
4. Energy storage compensation, such as a bag type energy accumulator, a piston type energy accumulator, a pressure compensator and the like of compressed air;
5. Compression phase changes, such as compression preparation of LNG, liquid CO 2, pressure-exchange refrigeration compressors, and the like.
These devices are essentially fluid pressure conversion devices, and operate by unidirectional or reciprocal transfer of pressure energy between different fluids. Users generally desire devices that provide a large switching pressure differential, that exhibit less energy loss, and that ensure strict isolation between the pressure medium and the material fluid without contaminating each other. In the prior art, the isolated fluid pressure conversion is generally realized in two ways, and firstly, a piston group with different diameters is adopted, so that the device has the advantages of realizing higher boosting multiple and output pressure, such as a gas-liquid boosting cylinder with hundred megapascals output provided by a plurality of manufacturers at home and abroad at present. However, the multiple piston structure increases the inertia of the moving parts and friction with the cylinder wall, thereby causing problems of slow response and increased power consumption, and the sliding clearance between the piston and the cylinder tube makes it difficult to avoid medium intermixing. Secondly, membrane and bag type flexible parts are adopted, such as a diaphragm pump, a bellows pump, a bag type energy accumulator and the like, and the device has the advantages that strict isolation among different media can be realized, but the conventional flexible parts are low in self-bearing and cracking resistance, difficult to adapt to high internal and external pressure difference, and the current working pressure of the device is extremely rare above ten megapascals.
The inventor in domestic patent document CN 110566533A has disclosed a tubular hydraulic bag and a pressure generating device, the wall of the bag is elastic synthetic rubber with a reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer is formed by obliquely and alternately weaving high-strength high-modulus fiber bundles such as para-aramid fiber and ultra-high molecular polyethylene, and the like, so that the bag body has the comprehensive advantages of far-beyond general film bags and hydraulic hoses in the aspects of pressure bearing and expansion and contraction properties which are contradictory.
The tubular hydraulic bag has the advantages that firstly, the pressure bearing is high, the bag body can reliably seal and bear the pressure on water, oil and gas, the minimum bursting pressure in a free state can be more than 70MPa, secondly, the tensile strength is high, the bag body and the connection with the bag mouths at two ends can bear the tensile force of several tons or even tens of tons (different from the model), thirdly, the expansion and contraction ratio is high, the diameter change is more than 3 times, the length change is more than 1.6 times, and the volume change in the bag is more than 5 times compared with the two states when the same bag body is expanded to the thickest and the thinnest and the longest. In addition, it has some advantages common to general flexible devices, such as light weight, low cost, good durability, etc. In summary, the advent of such new technology products provides a viable new concept for the technological improvement of isolated fluid pressure conversion devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fluid pressure conversion device, which solves the problems of incomplete medium isolation, large energy loss, heavy equipment and the like in the prior art when two fluid medium pressure conversion is realized. The device is not only suitable for the supercharging transmission device of hydraulic and pneumatic mechanical equipment, but also can be used for material pumping or pressure regulating equipment in a high-pressure fluid conveying pipeline, such as a supercharger, a booster pump, a compressor or an energy accumulator.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides an isolated fluid pressure conversion device with linkage of a hydraulic bag and a piston. The cylinder body is a rigid shell and comprises a cylinder barrel and a cylinder cover arranged at the end part of the cylinder barrel, the piston is an armless piston with the diameter being matched with the cylinder barrel and is arranged in the cylinder barrel in a sliding mode, the centers of the cylinder cover and the piston body are respectively provided with an axial through mounting hole, the hydraulic bag consists of a bag body and a bag nozzle, the bag body is a pressure-bearing tensile tubular soft bag, the inner layer and the outer layer of the hydraulic bag are elastic synthetic rubber permeation resistant layers, the middle layer is a reinforcing layer formed by obliquely and crosswise weaving and winding synthetic fiber bundles or thin steel wires, the diameter and the length of the hydraulic bag can be expanded and stretched in a certain range along with the internal and external pressure difference and the change of stress at two ends, and the bag nozzle is a metal connecting piece arranged at the end part of the bag body and used for locking, sealing the bag opening and assembling and connecting other parts.
The hydraulic bag is arranged between the cylinder cover and the piston in the cylinder barrel, bag mouths at two ends of the hydraulic bag are respectively embedded into mounting holes at the centers of the cylinder cover and the piston to form a tight and sealed connection, and the bag body separates a cylindrical space between the piston in the cylinder barrel and the cylinder cover into two chambers, namely a bag inner chamber and a bag outer chamber, which are respectively used for accommodating two mediums of a first fluid and a second fluid. When the device works, only the pressure or volume of the fluid in any cavity is actively changed, the two fluids interact with each other through the combined action of the expansion and stretching of the bag body and the sliding of the piston, so that the pressure or volume of the fluid in the other cavity is correspondingly and passively changed, the change of the pressure of the fluid in the bag cavity is larger than that of the fluid in the bag cavity, and the change of the volume of the bag cavity is larger than that of the bag cavity.
The working principle is that for convenience of description, fluid A and fluid B are respectively referred to as a first fluid in the inner cavity of the bag and a second fluid in the outer cavity of the bag. When the bladder and piston in the cylinder are in a static equilibrium state temporarily, the pressure P A of the fluid a is greater than the pressure P B of the fluid B, because the fluid B in the bladder outer chamber obeys pascal's law, and besides the pressure is equally transmitted to the fluid a directly through the flexible bladder wall surrounded by the fluid B, the pressure is equally applied to the inner wall of the cylinder and the inner end surface of the piston at the same time, the piston is pushed to slide away from the piston, the bladder stretches and lengthens, the oblique spiral structure of the reinforcing layer fiber in the bladder converts the axial stretching force into the radial tightening force, the fluid a in the bladder is further compressed, an additional increased pressure difference P C, namely P A＝PB+PC＝PB (1+k), is generated, wherein k is always positive, the size of k is proportional to the area of the annular end surface on the inner side of the piston, and is positively correlated with the stretching and lengthening amount of the bladder. Under dynamic conditions, two reciprocal modes exist for pressure exchange between two fluids, namely, when fluid B is injected into the outer cavity of the bag from outside the cylinder body, the pressure of the fluid B simultaneously acts on the outer wall of the bag and the annular inner side surface of the piston, the piston is pushed to slide to the side far away from the cylinder cover, the bag body is increased in length and reduced in diameter due to the fact that the fluid B is simultaneously subjected to annular extrusion and stretching force of the piston, the volume of the inner cavity of the bag is reduced, the pressure of the fluid A is increased, and the fluid A is output through the bag mouth. The process is a pressurizing process of low-pressure large-suction-displacement fluid driving high-pressure small-suction-displacement fluid. In the second mode, when the fluid A is actively pressurized and injected into the inner cavity of the bag from the outside of the bag mouth, the corresponding expansion and deformation of the bag body, namely the expansion and thickening length of the bag body are shortened, the traction piston slides to the cylinder cover side, the space of the outer cavity of the bag body is compressed by the bag body and the piston together to reduce the volume, and the fluid B in the outer cavity of the bag body is discharged out of the cylinder body in a pressing mode. It can be seen that this process is a pumping process where the high pressure small suction displacement drives the low pressure large suction displacement. In short, the positive direction of use, large flow driving bag for bag outer cavity the pressure can be increased due to the small flow of the inner cavity; conversely, when the reverse use is performed, the high pressure in the inner cavity of the bag drives the low pressure in the outer cavity of the bag to increase the flow, which is obviously consistent with the law of conservation of energy. In practical application, the device is connected with an external pipeline system, and the two processes can work circularly, alternately and continuously under the control of corresponding switching valves.
Preferably, the cylinder cover is arranged at the end part of the cylinder barrel, a flange bolt mode or a threaded screwing mode can be adopted, and the sealing effect can be realized through adding a sealing gasket or through precise machining matching.
Preferably, the locking sealing mode of embedding connection of the bladder nozzle in the cylinder cover or the piston mounting hole is any one or two of a step hole matching mode, a taper hole matching mode or an internal threaded hole matching mode.
Preferably, according to the practical application requirement, the channel for the fluid A to enter and exit the inner cavity of the bag can be arranged on one bag nozzle in the cylinder cover or the piston mounting hole, and the special channels for the fluid A to be injected and output can also be respectively arranged on the bag nozzles at the two ends of the bag body.
Preferably, the outer bag cavity is provided with at least one channel for fluid B to enter and exit on the cylinder barrel or the cylinder cover, and the injection port and the output port of the fluid B can be arranged on the cylinder barrel or the cylinder cover separately according to practical application requirements.
Preferably, threads are arranged in the mounting holes at the centers of the cylinder cover and the piston and used for mounting a valve element, a connecting piece or a sealing piece.
Preferably, the driving medium of which the pressure is actively changed is any one of water, pressure liquid or compressed gas, and the driven fluid is any one of gas, liquid, solid-liquid mixed slurry or gas-liquid phase modification.
Further, two ends of the cylinder barrel can be respectively provided with a cylinder cover, a piston is arranged between the cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel to divide the interior of the cylinder barrel into a left cylinder chamber and a right cylinder chamber, and ports for fluid B to enter and exit are respectively formed in the cylinder barrel of the two cylinder chambers. And a hydraulic bag is respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the piston and the two cylinder covers, so that the expansion structure of the double hydraulic bags is formed. The working principle is that under the control of an external reversing valve, when fluid B is pressurized and injected into the left outer sac cavity, the piston is pressed to slide rightwards, the left sac body is elongated and thinned, and the contained fluid A is pressurized and discharged through the left sac mouth. At the same time, the right bag body is shortened and expanded, the inner cavity volume of the right bag body is enlarged, fluid A flows in through the bag mouth at the right cylinder cover, and fluid B in the outer cavity of the right bag flows back to the outside of the cylinder body. The left and right alternate circulation work is realized, the two side bags are mutually pushed and pulled by the middle piston, and the two side bags are mutually assisted by one expansion and one contraction, so that the double-acting continuous pressure increase can be realized, the residual pressure energy can be fully utilized, and the power consumption is saved.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
Compared with the equipment of the prior art, the isolated fluid pressure conversion device with the linkage of the hydraulic bag and the piston has at least one of the following advantages:
1. the hydraulic bag can reliably isolate two fluid media with large pressure difference strictly, and can effectively avoid mixed pollution among different media;
2. The flexible linkage structure of the telescopic hydraulic bag and the single piston can obviously reduce the energy consumption generated by friction and vibration and improve the energy conversion efficiency;
3. The internal flexible and external rigid layer sleeve structure enables the hydraulic bag and the cylinder body to share the internal high-pressure load, can greatly reduce the pressure-bearing load of the cylinder body, and is beneficial to reducing the equipment weight and the manufacturing cost;
4. the device has good universality and large pressure application range, is suitable for various fluids such as water, oil, gas and the like, is used in a reciprocal way, and can respectively realize two functions of supercharging transmission and amplifying pumping flow;
5. the device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low manufacturing process difficulty, cost saving and convenient assembly and maintenance.
The technical effects of the present invention are described directly or indirectly in the specification in addition to the above-mentioned list.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described, it being apparent that the following drawings only describe a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a fluid pressure exchange device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the manner in which the bladder mouth is connected to the cylinder head and piston in the fluid pressure exchange device of the present invention;
fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the working principle and process of the supercharging transmission of the fluid pressure exchange device of the invention;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the working principle and process of the compression pumping of the fluid pressure exchange device of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dual bladder structure and application of the fluid pressure exchange device of the present invention.
The hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylinder body 1, a cylinder 11, a cylinder cover 12, a piston 2, a mounting hole 21, a blind seal piece 23, a hydraulic bag 3, a bag body 31, a bag nozzle 32, a bag nozzle through hole 33, a bag inner cavity 4, a bag outer cavity 5, an injection one-way valve 71, an output one-way valve 72 and a reversing valve 8.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described more clearly and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an isolated fluid pressure conversion device with hydraulic bag and piston linkage, which is provided by the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a cylinder body 1, a piston 2 and a hydraulic bag 3. The cylinder body 1 is a rigid shell and comprises a cylinder barrel 11 with a cylindrical cavity inside and a cylinder cover 12 arranged at the end part of the cylinder barrel, a longitudinally through mounting hole is formed in the center of the cylinder cover 12, the piston 2 is a sealable sliding piston which is arranged in the cylinder barrel 11 and is matched with the cylinder barrel in diameter, an axially through mounting hole 21 is also formed in the center of the piston, the hydraulic bag 3 is composed of a flexible tubular bag body 31 and bag nozzles 32 at the two ends of the flexible tubular bag body, the bag body 31 is a tubular soft bag capable of bearing and stretching, the inner layer and the outer layer of the bag body are high-elasticity synthetic rubber permeation resistant layers, the middle layer of the bag body is a reinforcing layer formed by obliquely and crosswise winding and weaving thin steel wires or synthetic fiber bundles, and the diameter and the length of the bag body can be expanded, contracted and stretched in a certain range along with the changes of internal and external pressure differences and stress at the two ends. The mouth 32 is a metal piece assembled at the end of the bag body 31 for sealing and locking the mouth and connecting with other parts, and a through hole 33 is arranged at the center. (the technical details of the hydraulic bag will be more fully understood with reference to the domestic patent document CN 110566533A. The scope of the "hydraulic bag" described in the claims and specification of the present invention includes the "tubular hydraulic bag" described in this document, but should not be construed as being limited to this type.) the hydraulic bag 3 is disposed between the head 12 and the piston 2 in the cylinder tube 11, and the bag mouths 32 at both ends are respectively inserted into the mounting holes 21 at the centers of the head 23 and the piston 3, and are sealed and locked by nuts. The cylindrical space in the cylinder 11 is isolated by the bag body 31 of the hydraulic bag into two chambers which can bear pressure, namely a bag inner chamber 4 and a bag outer chamber 5, and two different fluids, namely fluid A and fluid B, are respectively contained.
Fig. 2 illustrates three alternative embedded locking sealing modes, namely step hole matching, taper hole matching or internal threaded hole matching, when the hydraulic bag 3 is connected with the cylinder cover and the piston through the bag nozzle 32.
In the first embodiment, fig. 3 and fig. 4 illustrate a connection mode and a working process when the fluid pressure conversion device provided by the invention is used for oil-water supercharging transmission. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the hydraulic station is used as external pressure source equipment, an oil supply pipe and an oil return pipe of the hydraulic station are connected to a port 14 of the outer chamber 5 of the bag on the cylinder body through a hydraulic pipe by a reversing valve 8, the station of the reversing valve 8 can be switched to realize the alternation of oil supply and oil return processes, the low-pressure water pump is external pre-stage equipment for supplementing water to the inner chamber 4 of the bag, and is usually a servo pressurizing pipeline pump, the low-pressure water pump is connected to the inner chamber 4 of the bag through a low-pressure water pipe by an injection one-way valve 71 arranged in an installation hole at the outer side of the piston 2, and an output one-way valve 72 is arranged in an installation hole at the outer side of the cylinder cover 12 and is used for preventing the output high-pressure water from flowing back into the bag body and is connected to the high-pressure water expansion machine through a high-pressure pipe. Each working cycle comprises two alternating processes of water supplementing and pressurizing:
In the water replenishing process, as shown in fig. 3, when the reversing valve 8 is switched to the conduction station of the oil return pipe, the oil supply pipe is cut off, the hydraulic station enters a standby state, the low-pressure water pump starts to supply water, when the water pressure reaches the forward opening pressure of the injection one-way valve 71, the water is injected into the inner cavity 4 of the bag through the low-pressure hose, the water injection pressure acts on the inner wall of the bag body to force the radial expansion and thickening of the bag body 31, the axial length is contracted, the traction piston 2 slides towards the side close to the cylinder cover 12, and at the moment, the bag outer cavity 5 is in a low-pressure oil return state which is directly communicated with the oil storage tank pipeline of the hydraulic station, so that the volume of the bag outer cavity 5 is reduced under the combined action of the expansion of the bag body 31 and the compression of the piston 2, which is equivalent to the water injection pressure promoting the accelerated discharge and backflow of hydraulic oil from the cylinder to the oil tank. When the bag body is fully filled with water and the internal and external water pressures reach the balance state under low pressure, the injection one-way valve 71 is closed, the pressure of the water outlet of the low-pressure water pump can rise to the set upper limit water pressure, the water automatically enters the standby state of suspending water supply, and the system is switched into the supercharging process.
As shown in fig. 4, when the reversing valve 8 is switched to the oil supply pipe conducting station, the oil return pipe is cut off, the hydraulic station starts to inject hydraulic oil into the outer bag cavity 5, the hydraulic oil pressurizes water filled in the inner bag cavity 4 from the periphery of the bag body 31 through the bag wall, meanwhile, the piston 2 is pushed to slide in a direction away from the cylinder cover 12, the bag body 31 is subjected to huge stretching force of the piston 2, the volume of the inner bag cavity 4 tends to be prolonged and thinned, the internal water pressure is further increased, and high-pressure water can only be output from the output one-way valve through the high-pressure pipe because the water injection passage is reversely blocked by the injection one-way valve 71, so that the water expansion machine is driven to do work. When the water in the inner cavity 4 of the bag is drained or the internal and external water pressure reaches the balance state under high pressure, the oil pressure at the outlet of the hydraulic station can rise to the set upper limit oil pressure, the standby state of stopping oil supply is automatically entered, and the system shifts to the water supply process. In the process, the station switching of the reversing valve can be automatically controlled by standby signals of the low-pressure water pump and the hydraulic station, and can also be manually controlled as required.
The embodiment is a mechanical device which is driven by medium-pressure fluid and increases another low-pressure fluid to high pressure, for example, the low-pressure water not higher than 1.6MPa can be pressurized to high-pressure water above 70MPa by using 31.5MPa pressure fluid provided by a hydraulic station, so as to drive water pressure to do work. One feature of particular concern is that even if the water pressure in the bladder is pressurized to a pressure greater than 70MPa, or even higher, the bladder assumes an internal and external pressure differential of about 40MPa, while the oil pressure directly acting on the inner wall of the cylinder will not exceed 31.5MPa at all times, meaning that the cylinder of such a pressurizing device can be designed and manufactured according to the industry standard of a general-purpose hydraulic cylinder without particularly increasing the pressure level, which is obviously advantageous for saving costs to the user.
In practical applications, the pressurized medium may be, in addition to water, a mixed slurry such as paint, coating, etc., and the driven actuator may be, in addition to a high-pressure water expander, a grouting machine, a spray coater, etc.
In the second embodiment, fig. 5 and fig. 6 illustrate an assembly method and a working process when the fluid pressure conversion device provided by the invention is used for performing gas compression pumping. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the hydraulic station is used as external power equipment, an oil supply pipe and an oil return pipe of the hydraulic station are connected to an oil inlet and outlet common port of a bag inner cavity 4 on a cylinder cover through a reversing valve 8, a blind sealing piece 23 is arranged in a mounting hole at the outer side of a piston 2, an injection port and an output port are arranged on a cylinder barrel of the bag outer cavity 5, an injection check valve 71 and an output check valve 72 are respectively arranged, and the hydraulic station is respectively connected to an external low-pressure gas source and an external high-pressure storage tank through pressure pipelines. Each working cycle comprises two alternating processes of inflating and extruding:
when the reversing valve 8 is switched to the conduction station of the oil return pipe as shown in fig. 5, the oil supply pipe is cut off, the hydraulic station enters a standby state, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the inner cavity 4 of the bag is suddenly reduced due to the opening of the oil return passage, the bag body is compressed by the expansion pressure of gas in the outer cavity 5 of the bag and is thinned by thickness, the tension of the piston is relaxed, the piston is pushed to the side far away from the cylinder cover 12 by the air pressure to slide, the volume of the outer cavity 5 of the bag is enlarged, when the pressure of the internal air is reduced to be lower than the pressure of an external air source, the external air pushes the injection check valve to fill the outer cavity 5 of the bag, the air pressure continuously pushes the piston to stretch the bag body to the longest and the most hydraulic oil is accelerated to flow back into the oil tank of the hydraulic station, and the volume of the outer cavity of the bag is maximized at the moment, and the air which is not compressed further is filled.
As shown in fig. 6, when the reversing valve 8 is switched to the oil supply pipe conducting station, the oil return pipe is cut off, the hydraulic station starts to inject hydraulic oil into the bag inner cavity 4, as the oil amount in the bag inner cavity 4 increases, the hydraulic pressure acts on the inner wall of the bag body to force the bag body 31 to expand radially and thicken, the axial length contracts, the piston 2 is pulled to slide towards the cylinder cover 12 by huge pulling force, the double functions of the expansion of the bag body and the compression of the piston reduce the volume of the bag outer cavity 5 by more than ten times, the gas in the bag outer cavity is compressed, the density increases, the pressure increases, and the bag outer cavity is conveyed to the high-pressure storage tank through the output one-way valve. In the above process, the station switching of the reversing valve 8 and the start and stop of the hydraulic station can be controlled by adding a signal that the sensor detects that the piston reaches the farthest and nearest positions.
The embodiment is an application mode of driving high-flow low-pressure fluid compression pumping by low-flow high-pressure fluid, for example, compressed natural gas, petroleum gas or carbon dioxide gas which is not more than 0.6MPa is further compressed and pressurized to be more than 8MPa by using 31.5MPa pressure liquid driving provided by a hydraulic station, so that the pressure exceeds the liquefaction critical pressure, and liquefaction, refrigeration or canning storage and transportation can be performed.
In practical application, the driving fluid medium is not limited to hydraulic oil, water or emulsion can be used according to practical requirements, and the pressurized and conveyed fluid is not limited to gas, liquid or viscous fluid materials and the like.
In the third embodiment, fig. 7 illustrates a double-hydraulic-bag expansion structure of the fluid pressure conversion device of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, two ends of the cylinder 11 are respectively provided with a cylinder cover 12, the piston 2 is disposed therebetween, the interior of the cylinder 1 is divided into a left cylinder chamber and a right cylinder chamber, and the left cylinder chamber and the right cylinder chamber are respectively provided with a port 14 for fluid to enter and exit on the cylinder 1. The left and right sides of the piston 2 and the two cylinder covers 12 are respectively provided with a hydraulic bag 3, the outlets of a bag mouth 32 of the left and right hydraulic bags arranged on the piston are plugged, and the bag mouth 32 is provided with an injection and output sharing port in the mounting hole of the cylinder cover 12.
Fig. 7 also depicts a mating manner and principle of operation for oil-water pressurized transmission using this dual hydraulic bladder expansion structure. As shown in fig. 7, the oil supply pipe and the oil return pipe of the hydraulic station are respectively connected to the left and right ports 14 on the cylinder body 1 through a two-position four-way reversing valve 8 and then through two hydraulic pipes, the reversing valve 8 can synchronously and alternately switch the outer bag cavities 5 in the left and right cylinder chambers in the oil injection and oil return processes, the low-pressure water pump is respectively connected with the water expansion machine after being respectively connected with two check valves 71 and 72 in series through two water supply pipes, and a high-pressure water pipe is respectively separated between the injection check valve 71 and the output check valve 72 on the left and right paths and is respectively connected to the inlet and outlet ports of the inner bag cavities 4 on the left and right cylinder covers 11. The left waterway and the right waterway are divided into three sections by the four check valves, a low-pressure water supply pipeline is arranged before the check valve 71 is injected, a high-pressure water delivery pipeline is arranged after the check valve 72 is output, and the high-pressure pipeline between the two valves is shared by water supplementing and water discharging of the inner cavity 4 of the bag.
According to the device with the double-hydraulic-bag structure, through switching of the reversing valve 8 between two stations, the bag outer cavities 5 in the left cylinder chamber and the right cylinder chamber can be synchronously and alternately switched between the oil injection process and the oil return process, namely, the pressurizing process and the water supplementing process are opposite and are simultaneously carried out on the left side and the right side of the piston 2, compared with the single-bag structure, the hydraulic station and the water supply pump do not need to be frequently standby and started, the system works in a double-acting continuous pressurizing mode, and the efficiency can be doubled. In addition, the expansion and contraction of the capsules 31 on the left side and the right side of the piston 2 are synchronous and opposite, a push-pull effect that the force direction is always consistent is formed for the left and the right reciprocating sliding of the piston 2, and the residual pressure of water supplementing and oil returning can be fully utilized, so that the energy conversion efficiency is effectively improved.
It is obvious that, in combination with the second and third embodiments, those skilled in the art will naturally understand that the expansion device with the double-bladder structure can be used reversely, that is, the fluid a in the left and right bladder cavities 4 is driven at high pressure, and the low-pressure fluid B in the outer bladder cavity is continuously compressed and pumped, so that such embodiments are not described in detail in the graphics context.
In summary, the fluid pressure conversion device provided by the invention innovatively adopts the conversion mechanism of the internal flexible and external rigid sleeve layer bearing pressing structure and the bag plug linkage, not only can strictly isolate two media to avoid mixed pollution, but also can enlarge the pressure application range, is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption and the cost, and can be suitable for the pressurizing transmission of hydraulic and pneumatic machinery, the pumping, the pressure regulation and the like of fluid materials in a pressure pipeline system.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The fluid pressure conversion device is characterized by comprising a cylinder body (1), a piston (2) and a hydraulic bag (3);
The cylinder body (1) is a rigid shell and comprises a cylinder barrel (11) and a cylinder cover (12), a cylindrical cavity is formed in the cylinder barrel (11), the cylinder cover (12) is arranged at the end part of the cylinder barrel (11), a longitudinally through mounting hole is formed in the center of the cylinder cover (12), and at least one port (14) for a fluid medium to enter and exit is formed in the cylinder body (1);
The diameter of the piston (2) is matched with that of the cylinder barrel (11), the piston is installed in the cylinder barrel (11) in a sliding mode, and an axial installation hole (21) is formed in the center of the piston (2);
The hydraulic bag (3) comprises a bag body (31) and a bag nozzle (32), wherein the bag body (31) is a tubular soft bag capable of bearing pressure and stretching, an anti-seepage layer and a reinforcing layer are arranged in the bag wall, and the diameter and the length of the bag can be expanded and contracted radially and axially in a certain range along with the changes of internal and external pressure differences and axial stress at two ends;
The hydraulic bag (3) is arranged between the cylinder cover (12) and the piston (2) in the cylinder barrel (11), and bag nozzles (32) at two ends of the hydraulic bag (3) are respectively embedded into mounting holes at the centers of the cylinder cover (12) and the piston (2) to form a tight and sealed connection, and the bag body (31) isolates a cylindrical space between the piston (2) and the cylinder cover (12) in the cylinder barrel (11) into two chambers, namely a bag inner chamber (4) and a bag outer chamber (5), which are respectively used for containing first fluid and second fluid;
when the device works, the pressure or volume of fluid in any one of the inner cavity (4) and the outer cavity (5) of the bag is actively changed, the two fluids interact with each other through the combined action of expansion and contraction stretching of the bag body (31) and sliding of the piston (2), so that the pressure or volume of fluid in the other cavity is correspondingly and passively changed, the change of the fluid pressure in the inner cavity (4) of the bag is larger than the change of the fluid pressure in the outer cavity (5), and the change of the volume of the inner cavity (4) of the bag is larger than the change of the volume of the outer cavity (5) of the bag;
the double-hydraulic-bag expansion structure based on the fluid pressure conversion device comprises two hydraulic bags (3), wherein the two hydraulic bags (3) are respectively arranged on two sides of a piston (2), cylinder covers (12) are respectively arranged at two ends of a cylinder barrel (11), and a bag mouth (32) on one side, close to the piston (2), of the hydraulic bag (3) is blocked.
2. The fluid pressure conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder head (12) is mounted at the end of the cylinder tube (11) by either or both of a flange bolt and a screw-in type, and the sealing means is either or both of a gasketed gasket and a precision machining fit.
3. The fluid pressure conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the locking sealing mode of the embedded connection of the bladder mouth (32) in the mounting holes of the cylinder cover (12) and the piston (2) is any one or two of a step hole matching mode, a taper hole matching mode or an internal threaded hole matching mode.
4. Fluid pressure conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bladder interior (4) is provided with a channel for the ingress and egress of a first fluid through the bladder mouth (32) at least on one of the cylinder head (12) and the piston (2).
5. Fluid pressure conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (1) is provided with at least one port (14) for the ingress and egress of a second fluid in the extracapsular chamber (5).
6. A fluid pressure conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting holes in the centre of the cylinder head (12) and the piston (2) are internally threaded for mounting a valve member, a connecting member or a sealing member.
7. The fluid pressure conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the driving medium for the active pressure change of the two fluids subjected to the pressure conversion is any one of water, pressure liquid or compressed gas, and the fluid to be driven is any one of gas, liquid, solid-liquid mixed slurry or gas-liquid phase modification.
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CN113877258B (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-08-16 山东菲特环保设备有限公司 High-pressure filter press based on oil cylinder displacement control
CN114112554A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-03-01 深圳市步锐生物科技有限公司 Air bag device for automatically collecting ambient background gas and its preparation method and use method
CN115194916B (en) * 2022-08-09 2024-04-30 深圳市精科实业有限公司 A slurry forming device with intelligent pressure control
CN118495657B (en) * 2024-07-19 2024-10-18 航天国华资源再生(湖州)有限公司 NMP recovery and purification system for pervaporation membrane separation coupling rectification

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