CN111237792A - Smoke-discharging anti-blocking filtering dust-removing device for boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The boiler is discharged fume and is prevented stifled dust collector that filters, advance the pipe including the flue gas, a dust removal section of thick bamboo and storage dirt fill, the fixed setting in storage dirt top of fighting of dust removal section of thick bamboo lower extreme, the export that the pipe was advanced to the flue gas is connected with the lower side portion of a dust removal section of thick bamboo, the port is equipped with the swivel cap on the dust removal section of thick bamboo, two at least gas outlets have been seted up to the lateral part on the dust removal section of thick bamboo, the dust removal section of thick bamboo outside is connected with the flue gas exit tube with the gas outlet one-to-one, the swivel cap bottom is equipped with tube-shape filter screen subassembly, the outer lane of tube-shape filter screen subassembly with remove. The invention firstly filters and removes dust from the flue gas discharged after the fuel in the boiler is combusted, reduces the burden for subsequently removing acid gas, can remove the dust attached to the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder, ensures the smoothness of a dust removal channel, and ensures that the flue gas after dust removal cannot be attached to the inner wall of a flue gas outlet pipe in the conveying process.

Description

Boiler exhaust smoke anti-blocking filter and dust removal device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial boilers, and in particular relates to a boiler smoke exhausting, blocking, filtering and dust removal device.

Background technique

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to environmental protection. The flue gas generated by the combustion of boiler fuel carries more dust when it is discharged, especially coal-fired boilers have more dust. At present, the way to deal with dust is generally to transport the dust through the exhaust pipe to the spray device for dust removal operation. At present, there is no dust removal device installed in the exhaust pipe of the boiler. Due to the long distance of the exhaust pipe, the dust will adhere to the exhaust pipe. The inner wall is not easy to clean, and over time, there will be poor smoke exhaustion, which will affect the safe and stable operation of the boiler. In addition, the removal of dust, SO ₂ , NOx and other atmospheric pollutants from the flue gas generated by the boiler is carried out by spraying the alkali solution with the spray device at the same time. If the dust is not removed first, the dust precipitation will affect the circulation of the spray solution. Use, such as blocking the nozzle; it is also necessary to regularly clean up the sediment, which wastes a lot of manpower.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a boiler smoke exhaust blockage prevention filter and dust removal device which avoids clogging of the exhaust pipe and provides convenience for the subsequent spraying of lye to remove acid gas by dedusting first.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a boiler smoke exhausting, blocking, filtering and dust removal device, including a flue gas inlet pipe, a dust removal cylinder and a dust storage bucket, the lower end of the dust removal cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top of the dust storage bucket and is connected with the dust storage bucket. Internally connected, the outlet of the flue gas inlet pipe is connected to the lower side of the dust removal cylinder, the upper port of the dust removal cylinder is provided with a rotating cover, the upper side of the dust removal cylinder is provided with at least two air outlets of the same height along the circumferential direction, and the outer side of the dust removal cylinder is provided with a rotating cover. There are flue gas outlet pipes corresponding to the air outlets in the radial direction. The bottom of the rotating cover is provided with a cylindrical filter screen assembly located in the dust removal cylinder. The outer ring of the cylindrical filter screen assembly is in contact with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder and blocks all the At the air outlet, the rotating cover is provided with an air flow velocity lifting mechanism and a rotating scraping mechanism for scraping the attachments on the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder.

The upper end of the dust removal cylinder is horizontally provided with an annular support plate, the outer peripheral edge of the rotating cover is provided with a downwardly extending annular cylinder, the lower surface of the rotating cover and the upper surface of the annular support upper plate are respectively provided with upper and lower corresponding upper and lower annular grooves. A number of support balls are rolled in the annular groove and the lower annular groove. There is a horizontal gap between the lower surface of the rotating cover and the upper surface of the annular support plate. The horizontal gap is provided with a sealing washer on the inner side of the supporting ball, and the inner circle of the sealing washer is integrated There is a positioning ring assembled on the inner wall of the upper port of the dust removal cylinder. There is a vertical gap between the inner wall of the annular cylinder and the outer ring of the annular support plate. The lower part of the annular cylinder is connected with a number of positioning bolts in the circumferential direction under the annular support plate. The positioning bolts are arranged along the radial direction of the annular cylinder, and the inner end of each positioning bolt is in top-pressure contact with the outer wall of the dust removal cylinder.

The upper part of the outer circle of the annular cylinder is provided with an external gear ring, the outer part of the dust removal cylinder is provided with a first motor reducer through a mounting frame, and a gear meshing with the external gear ring is installed on the power output shaft of the first motor reducer; the upper surface of the rotating cover The circular array is provided with at least three rings adjacent the edge.

The cylindrical filter screen assembly includes an air filter cartridge, an elastic bead and an annular mounting plate. The annular mounting plate is fixed on the lower surface of the rotating cover by mounting screws. The centerlines of the annular mounting plate, the air filter cartridge and the dust removal cartridge are overlapped. There are several strips, and the upper ends of the elastic pressure strips are fixedly connected to the annular mounting plate. All the elastic pressure strips are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular installation plate. The outer diameter of the air filter cartridge is equal to the inner diameter of the dust removal cylinder. The inner wall contacts and blocks all the air outlets. The upper and lower parts of the outer ring of the air filter cartridge are fixed with annular sealing strips in the circumferential direction. The upper annular sealing strip is located above the air outlet, and the lower annular sealing strip is located below the air outlet. , The lower part of the elastic pressure strip is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air filter cartridge. Under the action of the elastic pressure strip, the upper and lower annular sealing strips are both crimped and sealed with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder.

Each flue gas outlet pipe is connected with a high-pressure gas pipe and a first shut-off valve, the connection position of the high-pressure gas pipe and the flue gas outlet pipe is located between the first shut-off valve and the dust removal cylinder, and a second shut-off valve is arranged on the high-pressure gas pipe.

A third shut-off valve is arranged on the flue gas intake pipe adjacent to the dust removal cylinder, and the flue gas intake pipe is inclined from high to low along the internal airflow direction.

The air flow velocity lifting mechanism includes a hollow shaft, a driving motor, a fan blade, an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat; the rotating scraping mechanism includes a bracket, a driving shaft, a second motor reducer, a screw scraper and a lower rotating support assembly;

Both the hollow shaft and the drive shaft are arranged vertically, the drive shaft passes through the hollow shaft, the center line of the hollow shaft and the drive shaft coincides with the center line of the rotating cover, the bracket is fixed on the rotating cover, and the top of the bracket is provided with a horizontal level through bolts. The support plate, the second motor reducer is fixed on the horizontal support plate, the horizontal support plate is provided with a through hole, the main shaft of the second motor reducer vertically passes through the through hole and passes through the flange coupling and the upper end of the drive shaft Transmission connection, the hollow shaft passes through the rotating cover and is rotatably connected to the rotating cover through the first bearing. The upper and lower parts of the first bearing are provided with baffle plates, the driving motor is arranged on the rotating cover, and the driving motor is driven by the gear transmission mechanism with the hollow shaft. connect;

The upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down. The top of the lower bearing seat is provided with an inner thread sleeve, the outer part of the lower end of the hollow shaft extends into and is threaded into the inner thread sleeve, and the outer thread of the hollow shaft is connected with the inner thread sleeve. The upper end of the back tightening nut is crimped, the second bearing is installed in the lower bearing seat, the outer circle of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the lower bearing seat through the second bearing installed in the lower bearing seat, and the lower end of the lower bearing seat is provided with a sleeve through the bolt. The end cover of the outer circle of the shaft is provided with a sealing ring between the inner circle of the end cover and the outer circle of the drive shaft;

There are at least three fan blades, and the three fan blades are evenly arranged on the lower outer periphery of the end cover connected to the bottom of the lower bearing seat, and the fan blades are located below the air outlet;

The upper end of the spiral scraper is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drive shaft. The maximum revolving surface of the spiral scraper is cylindrical, and the diameter of the cylinder is equal to the inner diameter of the dust removal cylinder. The assembly is arranged at the lower port of the dust collector. There are four diagonal struts inside the dust storage bucket. The upper ends of the four diagonal struts are all connected to the fixed part of the lower rotating support assembly, and the lower end of the spiral scraper is connected to the lower rotating support. The active part of the component is connected.

The lower rotating support assembly includes a fixed sleeve, a rotating shaft and a dust cover. The fixed sleeve and the dust removal cylinder are arranged on the same center line; On the inner wall of the dust storage bucket, four diagonal struts are arranged in a circular array along the center line of the dust removal cylinder. The upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the dust cover. The top of the dust cover is a spherical structure. A dust sleeve is provided, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the fixed sleeve, the upper part of the fixed sleeve protrudes into the annular groove formed between the rotating shaft and the dust sleeve, and between the outer circle of the fixed sleeve and the inner wall of the dust sleeve, The inner circle of the fixed sleeve and the outer circle of the rotating shaft are in clearance fit, and lubricating graphite powder is filled between the upper end face of the fixed sleeve and the bottom of the annular groove.

The dust storage hopper is a box structure with a quadrangular prism at the upper part and a quadrangular pyramid at the lower part. The bottom of the dust storage hopper is provided with a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is provided with a discharge valve, and the upper left side of the dust storage hopper is provided with a door body. A horizontal bar is fixed between the two diagonal struts on the left side of the dust storage bucket, and a lever is rotatably connected to the horizontal bar. The lever is made of a square tube. The guide hole and a perforation that penetrates up and down, the guide hole and the through hole are connected, the length of the guide hole is greater than the length of the through hole, a vertically arranged ejector rod is pierced through the through hole, and the lower part of the ejector rod is rotatably connected in the guide hole through a horizontally arranged pin shaft , the upper end of the ejector rod extends into the fixed sleeve.

A plug is arranged in the left port of the lever, a positioning rod is hinged on the left side of the top of the dust storage bucket, a hanging ring is arranged on the upper part of the left end of the lever, and the lower end of the positioning rod is bent to form a hook, and the hook is connected with the hanging ring.

Using the above technical solution, the specific process of the normal operation of the present invention is as follows: the flue gas generated by the fuel of the boiler is discharged into the dust removal cylinder through the flue gas inlet pipe, and then goes up through the interior of the dust removal cylinder and is filtered by the air filter cylinder. The dust and flue gas is discharged through the air outlet and the flue gas outlet pipe, and enters the spray device to remove the acid gas. The drive motor drives the hollow shaft to rotate at a high speed through the gear transmission mechanism, and the bottom of the lower bearing seat at the lower end of the hollow shaft is connected to the fan blade set on the end cover to rotate, so that a negative pressure is formed above the fan blade, so that the flue gas flows upward along the dust removal cylinder to accelerate. In this way, it is ensured that the exhaust rate of smoke is not reduced after the air filter cartridge is installed at the air outlet. The setting of the air filter cartridge filters out the dust in the flue gas, and the dust falls into the dust storage hopper along the dust collector under the action of its own gravity.

During the normal exhaust process of the boiler, the dust will adhere to the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder, and the second motor reducer can be activated. During the rotation of the scraper, the dust attached to the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder is scraped off, and the scraped dust falls into the dust storage bucket. During the rotation of the spiral scraper, it can be in full contact with the inside of the dust removal cylinder, and the outside of the spiral scraper can be wrapped with a hard plastic sleeve.

The lower end of the spiral scraper is provided with a lower rotating support component, which plays the role of supporting the spiral scraper and ensures that the spiral scraper is concentric up and down during rotation. The rotating shaft, dust cover and dust sleeve in the lower rotating support assembly all rotate around the fixed sleeve. During the rotating process, the lubricating graphite powder will enter the gap between the inner and outer circles of the rotating shaft, so as to lubricate and reduce the The rotational frictional resistance between the rotating shaft, the dust cover and the fixed sleeve prolongs the service life of the components. Because the lubricating graphite powder is squeezed by the upper end of the fixed sleeve and the bottom of the dust cover, it will not leak out along the gap.

The parts in contact with the flue gas in the present invention are all made of acid-resistant steel, so as to avoid the corrosion of the acid gas in the flue gas. The material of the air filter cartridge can be made of paper, non-woven fabric or glass fiber.

Ring-shaped sealing strips are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the outer surface of the air filter cartridge, and the two ring-shaped sealing strips are crimped on the inner wall of the dust-removing cylinder through elastic pressure strips, so as to play a good sealing effect.

Every once in a while, when there is a lot of dust attached to the inner wall of the air filter cartridge at the air outlet, it will affect the exhaust speed. At this time, the positioning bolt can be loosened, the first motor reducer can be turned on, and the first gear motor can pass through the gear. The outer ring gear is driven to rotate, and the outer ring gear drives the rotating cover to rotate clockwise by a certain angle (for example, 45°), and the supporting balls roll in the upper and lower annular grooves. The elastic pressure strip and the air filter cartridge are also rotated at a certain angle, so that the unfiltered part of the air filter cartridge is rotated to correspond to the air outlet, which is equivalent to replacing a new filter screen to ensure that the exhaust speed does not decrease, and finally the first motor is turned off. reducer, and then tighten the positioning bolt, the inner end of the positioning bolt presses the outer wall of the dust removal cylinder to lock the rotating cover.

The invention is provided with four air outlets, and the air filter cartridge can be rotated clockwise by 45° again. If the air filter cartridge needs to be cleaned in reverse after a period of time, the four flue gas outlet pipes can be cleaned one by one without affecting the exhaust gas. The normal operation of the smoke. The reverse cleaning process is as follows: turn off the drive motor, close the first shut-off valve, connect the high-pressure air pipe to the air compressor, open the second shut-off valve, the high-pressure air flow enters the flue gas outlet pipe, and the air filter cartridge is sprayed with high pressure through the air outlet. In this way, the dust attached to the inner arm of the air filter cartridge can be removed. In order to improve the effect of reverse cleaning, the high-pressure airflow can be impacted in a pulsed manner, and the dust attached to the inner arm of the air filter cartridge is blown off and automatically falls to the in the dust hopper. Of course, it is also possible to reversely clean the air filter cartridges on the four flue gas outlet pipes during the boiler maintenance period. At this time, turn off the drive motor, close the first stop valve and the third stop valve, and open the second stop valve. , the high-pressure airflow enters the four flue gas outlet pipes at the same time, and the high-pressure airflow is injected to the air filter cartridge through the air outlet in the reverse direction. Then loosen the positioning bolts, open the first motor reducer to drive the rotating cover and the air filter cartridge to rotate 45° in the opposite direction and stop, and then reverse the high-pressure airflow to clean. Or in the process of reverse cleaning of the high-pressure air flow, the first motor reducer drives the rotating cover and the air filter cartridge to rotate continuously, so that the air filter cartridge can also be cleaned in the reverse direction conveniently and quickly. After reverse cleaning, close the first motor reducer and tighten the positioning bolts.

When the high-pressure airflow reverse cleaning the air filter cartridge is not effective, it needs to be replaced with a new air filter cartridge. The specific replacement process is: first loosen the positioning bolt, retract the inner end of the positioning bolt to the inside of the annular cylinder, use a wire rope to connect the lifting ring on the rotating cover, hook the hook of the lifting device to the upper end of the wire rope, and open the left side of the dust storage bucket at the same time. the door body, remove the positioning rod, take out the plug, insert the afterburner rod at the left end of the lever, the left end of the afterburner rod extends out of the dust storage bucket, while the lifting device lifts the rotating disk upward, press the afterburner rod downward, the lever moves horizontally. The rod is the fulcrum, and the left end of the lever moves upward, thereby driving the ejector rod to lift the rotating shaft and the dust cover upward, and move upward together with the screw scraper until the lower end of the rotating shaft is disengaged from the fixed sleeve. The ejector rod pushes out the rotating shaft upwards to avoid the situation that the spiral scraper is pulled off due to the inclination of the pulling force (not vertically upward) when the dust cover is pulled upward by the spiral scraper. After the rotating shaft is lifted from the top of the dust removal cylinder, remove the mounting screws, remove the annular mounting plate and air filter cartridge, replace with a new annular mounting plate and air filter cartridge, and then check the operation of other components. Then hoist the components into the dust removal cylinder. When the new air filter cartridge enters the upper port of the dust removal cylinder, first compress the lower end of the air filter cartridge inward to overcome the elastic force of the elastic strip, and wait until the lower end of the air filter cartridge enters the dust removal cylinder. Once inside the cartridge, downward pressure on the rotating cap can be applied to make it easier for the air filter cartridge to move down. When the rotating shaft is installed in the fixed casing, a flat plate is laid on the top of the conical part inside the dust hopper. The worker can enter the dust hopper through the opening on the left side of the upper part of the dust hopper, stand on the flat plate, and fix it first. Pour a layer of lubricating graphite powder on the end face, and then hold the dust sleeve by hand to insert the rotating shaft into the fixed sleeve correspondingly. After the upper annular groove on the rotating cover is in contact with the supporting balls, tighten the positioning bolts to complete the replacement of the air filter cartridge and related maintenance operations.

The invention adopts the rotation cooperation between the hollow shaft and the upper part and the lower part of the drive shaft, and the outside of the hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating cover through the first bearing, and the upper end of the hollow shaft is connected with the first reduction motor in the same axial drive, so that not only can the hollow shaft be determined And the coaxiality of the drive shaft, and the rotation positioning has good reliability.

When cleaning the air filter cartridge in reverse, closing the third shut-off valve can prevent the dust from flowing back into the boiler through the flue gas inlet pipe. When scraping dust, avoid dust entering the boiler along the flue gas inlet pipe. The flue gas inlet pipe is short, and the dust attached to the inner wall can be cleaned through the flange connected to the boiler, and the dust cleaned from the inner wall can be inclined and fall into the dust storage hopper.

To sum up, the present invention is scientific in principle, novel in design, and compact in structure. The flue gas from the combustion of fuel in the boiler is first filtered and dedusted, which reduces the burden for subsequent removal of acid gas, and can remove the dust attached to the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder. The dust is removed to ensure the smoothness of the dust removal channel, and the flue gas after the dust removal will not adhere to the inner wall of the flue gas outlet pipe during the conveying process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the bottom view of the cylindrical filter screen assembly in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of A place in Fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the lever, diagonal strut and lower rotating support assembly in the dust storage bucket in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device of the present invention includes a flue gas inlet pipe 1, a dust removal cylinder 2 and a dust storage hopper 3. The lower end of the dust removal cylinder 2 is fixedly arranged on the top of the dust storage hopper 3. It is connected with the interior of the dust storage bucket 3, and the outlet of the flue gas inlet pipe 1 is connected to the lower side of the dust removal cylinder 2. The upper port of the dust removal cylinder 2 is provided with a rotating cover 4, and the upper side of the dust removal cylinder 2 is provided with a uniform height along the circumferential direction. Four air outlets 5, the outer side of the dust removal cylinder 2 is connected with a flue gas outlet pipe 6 corresponding to the air outlet 5 one-to-one along the radial direction, the bottom of the rotating cover 4 is provided with a cylindrical filter screen assembly located in the dust removal cylinder 2, The outer ring of the filter screen assembly is in contact with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 and blocks all the air outlets 5 .

The upper end of the dust removal cylinder 2 is horizontally provided with an annular support plate 7, the outer peripheral edge of the rotating cover 4 is provided with a downwardly extending annular cylinder 8, the lower surface of the rotating cover 4 and the upper surface of the annular support plate 7 are respectively provided with upper and lower corresponding upper annular grooves And the lower annular groove, there are several supporting balls 9 rolling in the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove, there is a horizontal gap between the lower surface of the rotating cover 4 and the upper surface of the annular support plate 7, and the horizontal gap is set on the inner side of the supporting balls 9. There is a sealing washer 10. The inner circle of the sealing washer 10 is integrally provided with a positioning ring 11 assembled on the inner wall of the port on the dust removal cylinder 2. When the rotating cover 4 rotates, the stability of the sealing washer 10 is ensured. The inner wall of the annular cylinder 8 and the annular support plate 7. There is a vertical gap between the outer rings. The lower part of the annular cylinder 8 is connected with a number of positioning bolts 12 in the circumferential direction under the annular support plate 7. Each positioning bolt 12 is arranged along the radial direction of the annular cylinder 8. Both the inner ends of the positioning bolts 12 are in top pressure contact with the outer wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 .

The upper part of the outer circle of the annular cylinder 8 is provided with an external gear ring 13 , the outer part of the dust removal cylinder 2 is provided with a first motor reducer 14 through a mounting frame, and a power output shaft of the first motor reducer 14 is installed with a gear meshing with the external gear 13 . Gears; at least three rings 15 are arranged in a circular array on the upper surface of the rotating cover 4 adjacent to the edge.

The cylindrical filter screen assembly includes an air filter cartridge 16, an elastic bead 17 and an annular mounting plate 18. The annular mounting plate 18 is fixed on the lower surface of the rotating cover 4 by mounting screws. The annular mounting plate 18, the air filter cartridge 16 and the dust removal cartridge 2 The center lines are overlapped, and several elastic pressure strips 17 are provided. The upper ends of the elastic pressure strips 17 are fixedly connected to the annular mounting plate 18. All the elastic pressure strips 17 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular mounting plate 18. The outer diameter of the air filter cartridge 16 is equal to The inner diameter of the dust removal cylinder 2, the outer ring of the air filter cylinder 16 is in contact with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 and blocks all the air outlets 5, and the upper and lower parts of the outer ring of the air filter cylinder 16 are fixedly provided with annular sealing strips 19 along the circumferential direction. The annular sealing strip 19 is located above the air outlet 5, the lower annular sealing strip 19 is located below the air outlet 5, and the lower part of the elastic pressure strip 17 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air filter cartridge 16. The annular sealing strips 19 are all crimped and sealed with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 .

Each flue gas outlet pipe 6 is connected with a high-pressure gas pipe 20 and a first shut-off valve 21. The connection position of the high-pressure gas pipe 20 and the flue gas outlet pipe 6 is located between the first shut-off valve 21 and the dust removal cylinder 2, and the high-pressure gas pipe 20 A second shut-off valve 22 is provided.

The flue gas intake pipe 1 is provided with a third shut-off valve 23 adjacent to the dust removal cylinder 2, and the flue gas intake pipe 1 is inclined from high to low along the internal airflow direction.

The air flow velocity lifting mechanism includes a hollow shaft 24, a drive motor (not shown in the figure), a fan blade 26, an upper bearing seat 27 and a lower bearing seat 28; the rotating scraping mechanism includes a bracket 29, a drive shaft 30, a second motor reducer 31. Spiral scraper 32 and lower rotating support assembly 43;

The hollow shaft 24 and the drive shaft 30 are both vertically arranged, the drive shaft 30 is inserted into the hollow shaft 24, the centerlines of the hollow shaft 24 and the drive shaft 30 coincide with the centerline of the rotating cover 4, and the bracket 29 is fixed on the rotating cover 4. The top of the bracket 29 is provided with a horizontal support plate 33 through bolts, the second motor reducer 31 is fixed on the horizontal support plate 33, the horizontal support plate 33 is provided with a through hole, and the main shaft of the second motor reducer 31 is vertically downward. Passing through the through hole and drivingly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft 30 through the flange coupling 34, the hollow shaft 24 passes through the rotating cover 4 and is rotatably connected to the rotating cover 4 through the first bearing 35. The upper and lower parts of the first bearing 35 are provided with There is a baffle plate 36, the drive motor is arranged on the rotating cover 4, and the drive motor is connected with the hollow shaft 24 through a gear transmission mechanism 25 (including meshing main gears and slave gears);

The upper bearing seat 27 and the lower bearing seat 28 have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically up and down. The top of the lower bearing seat 28 is provided with an inner thread sleeve 37 , and the outside of the lower end of the hollow shaft 24 extends into and is screwed into the inner thread sleeve 37, and the outside of the hollow shaft 24 A back tightening nut 38 crimped with the upper end of the inner thread sleeve 37 is threadedly connected, a second bearing 39 is installed in the lower bearing seat 28, and the outer circle of the drive shaft 30 is connected to the lower bearing seat through the second bearing 39 installed in the lower bearing seat 28. 28 is rotatably connected, the lower end of the lower bearing seat 28 is provided with an end cover 40 sleeved on the outer circle of the drive shaft 30 through bolts, and a sealing ring 41 is provided between the inner ring of the end cover 40 and the outer circle of the drive shaft 30;

The fan blades 26 are provided with at least three pieces, and the three fan blades 26 are evenly arranged on the lower outer periphery of the end cover 40 connected to the bottom of the lower bearing seat 28, and the fan blades 26 are located below the air outlet 5;

The upper end of the spiral scraper 32 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drive shaft 30. The maximum revolving surface of the spiral scraper 32 is cylindrical, the diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the dust removal cylinder 2, and the outer side of the spiral scraper 32 is connected to the dust removal cylinder 2 The inner wall is in contact, the lower rotating support assembly 43 is arranged at the lower port of the dust removal cylinder 2, the dust storage bucket 3 is provided with four diagonal struts 42, and the upper ends of the four diagonal struts 42 are all connected with the fixed part of the lower rotating support assembly 43. In connection, the lower end of the spiral scraper 32 is connected with the movable part of the lower rotating support assembly 43 .

The lower rotating support assembly 43 includes a fixed sleeve 44, a rotating shaft 45 and a dust cover 46. The fixed sleeve 44 is arranged concentrically with the dust removal cylinder 2; the lower part of the fixed sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four diagonal struts 42, The lower ends of the diagonal bracing rods 42 are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the dust storage bucket 3, the four diagonal bracing rods 42 are arranged in a circular array along the center line of the dust removal cylinder 2, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 45 is fixedly connected with the bottom center of the dust cover 46, The top of the dust cover 46 is a spherical structure, the bottom of the dust cover 46 is provided with a dust sleeve 47 along the periphery, the rotating shaft 45 is rotatably connected to the fixed sleeve 44, and the upper part of the fixed sleeve 44 extends into the rotating shaft 45 and the dust sleeve. In the annular groove formed between 47, the outer circle of the fixed sleeve 44 and the inner wall of the dust cover 47, the inner circle of the fixed sleeve 44 and the outer circle of the rotating shaft 45 are all clearance fit, and the upper end surface of the fixed sleeve 44 and the Lubricating graphite powder 48 is filled between the bottoms of the annular grooves.

The dust storage hopper 3 is a box structure with a quadrangular prism at the top and a quadrangular pyramid at the bottom. A discharge pipe 49 is arranged at the bottom of the dust storage hopper 3, and a discharge valve 50 is arranged on the discharge pipe 49. The upper left of the dust storage hopper 3 A door body 51 is provided on the side, a horizontal bar 52 is fixed between the two diagonal struts 42 on the left side of the dust storage bucket 3, and a lever 53 is rotatably connected to the horizontal bar 52. The lever 53 is made of a square tube. The left part of 53 is provided with a guide hole 54 that penetrates front and rear and a perforation that penetrates up and down along the length direction. The guide hole 54 is communicated with the through hole. The rod 55 , the lower part of the top rod 55 is rotatably connected in the guide hole 54 through a horizontally arranged pin shaft 56 , and the upper end of the top rod 55 extends into the fixed sleeve 44 .

There is a plug 59 in the left port of the lever 53, a positioning rod 57 is hinged on the left side of the top of the dust storage bucket 3, and a hanging ring 58 is provided on the upper left end of the lever 53. In this way, the lever 53 can be positioned so that the upper end of the ejector rod 55 is inserted into the fixed sleeve 44 to maintain the vertical state, so as to ensure that the rotating shaft 45 can be operated at any time when the rotating shaft 45 is lifted upward.

The specific process of the normal operation of the present invention is as follows: the flue gas generated by the fuel of the boiler is discharged into the dust removal cylinder 2 through the flue gas inlet pipe 1, and then goes up through the air filter cylinder 16 along the interior of the dust removal cylinder 2, and does not contain dust. The flue gas is discharged through the gas outlet 5 and the flue gas outlet pipe 6, and enters the spray device to remove the acid gas. The drive motor drives the hollow shaft 24 to rotate at a high speed through the gear transmission mechanism 25, and the bottom of the lower bearing seat 28 at the lower end of the hollow shaft 24 is connected to the fan blade 26 provided on the end cover 40 to rotate, so that a negative pressure is formed above the fan blade 26, so that the flue gas The flow is accelerated upward along the dust removal cylinder 2, so as to ensure that the exhaust speed of the smoke after the air filter cylinder 16 is installed at the air outlet 5 does not decrease. The setting of the air filter cartridge 16 filters out the dust in the flue gas, and the dust falls into the dust storage hopper 3 along the dust removal cartridge 2 under the action of its own gravity.

During the normal exhaust process of the boiler, the dust will adhere to the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2, and the second motor reducer 31 can be activated. The second motor reducer 31 drives the drive shaft 30 to rotate at a slow speed. It also rotates accordingly. During the rotation of the screw scraper 32 , the dust attached to the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 is scraped off, and the scraped dust falls into the dust storage bucket 3 . During the rotation process of the spiral scraper 32, it can be in full contact with the inside of the dust removal cylinder 2, and the outside of the spiral scraper 32 can be wrapped with a hard plastic sleeve. .

The lower end of the screw scraper 32 is provided with a lower rotating support assembly 43, which plays a role of supporting the screw scraper 32 and ensures that the screw scraper 32 is concentric up and down when it rotates. The rotating shaft 45, the dust cover 46 and the dust sleeve 47 in the lower rotating support assembly 43 all rotate around the fixed sleeve 44. During the rotation, the lubricating graphite powder 48 will enter the gap between the inner and outer circles of the rotating shaft 45, Thereby, it plays a lubricating role, reduces the rotational frictional resistance between the rotating shaft 45, the dust cover 47 and the fixed sleeve 44, and prolongs the service life of the components. Since the lubricating graphite powder 48 is squeezed by the upper end of the fixed sleeve 44 and the bottom of the dust cover 46, it will not leak out along the gap all the time.

The parts in contact with the flue gas in the present invention are all made of acid-resistant steel, so as to avoid the corrosion of the acid gas in the flue gas. The material of the air filter cartridge 16 can be paper, non-woven fabric or glass fiber.

The upper and lower parts of the outer surface of the air filter cartridge 16 are respectively provided with annular sealing strips 19, and the two annular sealing strips 19 are crimped on the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 through the elastic pressure strips 17, so as to play a good sealing effect.

Every once in a while, when there is a lot of dust attached to the inner wall of the air filter cartridge 16 at the air outlet 5, it will affect the exhaust speed. The gear motor drives the outer ring gear 13 to rotate through the gear, and the outer ring gear drives the rotating cover 4 to rotate clockwise by a certain angle (for example, 45°), and the supporting ball 9 rolls in the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove. The plate 18 also rotates along with it, and drives the elastic pressing strip 17 and the air filter cartridge 16 to rotate at a certain angle, so that the unfiltered part of the air filter cartridge 16 is rotated to correspond to the air outlet 5, which is equivalent to replacing a new filter screen. Make sure that the exhaust speed does not decrease, and finally close the first motor reducer 14, and then tighten the positioning bolt 12. The inner end of the positioning bolt 12 presses the outer wall of the dust removal cylinder 2 to lock the rotating cover 4.

The present invention is provided with four air outlets 5, and the air filter cartridge 1645° can be rotated clockwise again. If the air filter cartridge 16 needs to be cleaned in reverse after a period of time, the four flue gas outlet pipes 6 can be cleaned one by one. Does not affect the normal operation of smoke exhaust. The reverse cleaning process is as follows: turn off the drive motor, close the first cut-off valve 21, connect the high-pressure air pipe 20 to the air compressor, open the second cut-off valve 22, and the high-pressure air flow enters the flue gas outlet pipe 6, and is reversed through the air outlet 5. The air filter cartridge 16 sprays high-pressure airflow, so that the dust attached to the inner arm of the air filter cartridge 16 can be removed. In order to improve the effect of reverse cleaning, the high-pressure airflow can be impacted in a pulsed manner and attached to the inner arm of the air filter cartridge 16. The dust is blown off and automatically falls into the dust storage bucket 3. Of course, it is also possible to reversely clean the air filter cartridges 16 on the four flue gas outlet pipes 6 during the boiler maintenance period. In the second cut-off valve 22 , the high-pressure airflow enters the four flue gas outlet pipes 6 at the same time, and the high-pressure airflow is injected to the air filter cartridge 16 in the reverse direction through the air outlet 5 . Then loosen the positioning bolt 12, open the first motor reducer 14 to drive the rotating cover 4 and the air filter cartridge 16 to rotate in the reverse direction by 45°, and then stop, and then reverse the high-pressure airflow to clean. Or during the reverse cleaning process of the high-pressure air flow, the first motor reducer 14 drives the rotating cover 4 and the air filter cartridge 16 to rotate continuously, so that the air filter cartridge 16 can be cleaned in the reverse direction conveniently and quickly. After reverse cleaning, close the first motor reducer 14 and tighten the positioning bolts 12 .

When the reverse cleaning of the air filter cartridge 16 by the high-pressure airflow is not effective, the air filter cartridge 16 needs to be replaced with a new one. The specific replacement process is as follows: first loosen the positioning bolt 12, retract the inner end of the positioning bolt 12 into the annular cylinder 8, use a wire rope to connect the lifting ring 15 on the rotating cover 4, hook the hook of the hoisting device to the upper end of the wire rope, and open it at the same time. The door body 51 on the left side of the dust storage bucket, remove the positioning rod 57, take out the plug 59, insert the afterburner rod at the left end of the lever 53, the left end of the afterburner rod extends out of the dust storage bucket, and the lifting device lifts the rotating disk upwards. Press down the booster rod, the lever 53 takes the horizontal rod 52 as the fulcrum, and the left end of the lever 53 moves upward, thereby driving the ejector rod 55 to lift up the rotating shaft 45 and the dust cover 46, and move up together with the screw scraper 32 until the rotating shaft The lower end of 45 is disengaged from the fixed sleeve 44 . The ejector rod 55 pushes out the rotating shaft 45 upwards, so as to prevent the spiral scraper 32 from being pulled off due to the inclination of the pulling force (not vertically upward) when the dust cover 46 is pulled upward by the spiral scraper 32 . After the rotating shaft 45 is lifted from the top of the dust removal cylinder 2, remove the mounting screws, remove the annular mounting plate 18 and the air filter cartridge 16, replace the annular mounting plate 18 and the air filter cartridge 16 with new ones, and then check the operation of other components. Then hoist the components into the dust removal cylinder 2. When the new air filter cylinder 16 enters the upper port of the dust removal cylinder 2, first compress the lower end of the air filter cylinder 16 inward to overcome the elastic force of the elastic bead 17. After the lower end of the 16 enters the dust removal cylinder 2, the downward pressure of the rotating cover 4 can be applied to make the air filter cylinder 16 move downward more easily. When the rotating shaft 45 is installed in the fixed sleeve 44, a flat plate is laid on the top of the conical part inside the dust storage bucket. The worker can enter the dust storage bucket through the opening on the upper left side of the dust storage bucket, stand on the flat plate, Pour a layer of lubricating graphite powder 48 on the fixed upper end face, and then hold the dust sleeve 47 by hand to insert the rotating shaft 45 into the fixed sleeve 44 correspondingly. After the upper annular groove on the rotating cover 4 is in contact with the supporting balls 9, the positioning bolts 12 are tightened to complete the replacement of the air filter cartridge 16 and related maintenance operations.

The present invention adopts the rotation cooperation between the hollow shaft 24 and the upper and lower parts of the drive shaft 30, and the outside of the hollow shaft 24 is rotatably connected to the rotating cover 4 through the first bearing, and the upper end of the hollow shaft 24 is coaxially connected to the first reduction motor, so that Not only can the coaxiality of the hollow shaft 24 and the drive shaft 30 be determined, but also the rotational positioning has good reliability.

When cleaning the air filter cartridge 16 in reverse, closing the third shut-off valve 23 can prevent the dust from flowing back into the boiler through the flue gas inlet pipe 1. The flue gas inlet pipe 1 is inclined from high to low along the internal airflow direction. When scraping the dust on the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder 2, avoid the dust entering the boiler along the flue gas inlet pipe 1. The flue gas inlet pipe 1 is short, and the dust attached to the inner wall can be cleaned by the flange connected to the boiler, and the dust cleaned from the inner wall can fall into the dust storage bucket 3 obliquely.

This embodiment does not limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any form, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection of the technical solution of the present invention scope.

Claims (10)

1. Boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device, characterized in that: it includes a flue gas inlet pipe, a dust removal tube and a dust storage hopper, the lower end of the dust removal tube is fixedly arranged on the top of the dust storage hopper and communicated with the interior of the dust storage hopper, and the flue gas inlet pipe The outlet of the dust collector is connected with the lower side of the dust removal cylinder, the upper port of the dust removal cylinder is provided with a rotating cover, the upper side of the dust removal cylinder is provided with at least two air outlets of the same height along the circumferential direction, and the outer side of the dust removal cylinder is connected with the outlet in the radial direction. The flue gas outlet pipes correspond to the air ports one by one. The bottom of the rotating cover is provided with a cylindrical filter screen assembly located in the dust removal cylinder. The outer ring of the cylindrical filter screen assembly is in contact with the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder and covers all the air outlets. There is an air flow velocity lifting mechanism and a rotating scraping mechanism for scraping the attachments on the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder. 2. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the dust removal cylinder is horizontally provided with an annular support plate, the outer peripheral edge of the rotating cover is provided with a downwardly extending annular cylinder, and the lower part of the rotating cover The upper annular groove and the lower annular groove corresponding to the upper and lower sides are respectively opened on the surface and the upper surface of the annular support plate. A number of supporting balls are rolled in the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove. The horizontal gap is provided with a sealing washer on the inner side of the support ball. The inner circle of the sealing washer is integrally provided with a positioning ring assembled on the inner wall of the upper port of the dust removal cylinder. There is a vertical gap between the inner wall of the annular cylinder and the outer ring of the annular support plate. The lower part of the annular cylinder is screwed with several positioning bolts along the circumferential direction under the annular support plate, each positioning bolt is arranged along the radial direction of the annular cylinder, and the inner end of each positioning bolt is in top pressure contact with the outer wall of the dust removal cylinder. 3. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering, and dust removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper part of the outer circle of the annular cylinder is provided with an external gear ring, and the outer part of the dust removal cylinder is provided with a first motor reducer through a mounting frame, and the first The power output shaft of the motor reducer is provided with a gear meshing with the outer ring gear; at least three rings are arranged in a circular array on the upper surface of the rotating cover adjacent to the edge. 4. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylindrical filter screen assembly comprises an air filter cartridge, an elastic bead and an annular mounting plate, and the annular mounting plate is fixed on the rotating cover by means of mounting screws On the lower surface, the centerlines of the annular mounting plate, the air filter cartridge and the dust removal cartridge are coincident, and there are several elastic pressure strips. The upper ends of the elastic pressure strips are fixedly connected to the annular installation plate. The outer diameter of the air filter cartridge is equal to the inner diameter of the dust removal cartridge. The outer ring of the air filter cartridge is in contact with the inner wall of the dust removal cartridge and blocks all the air outlets. The upper and lower parts of the outer ring of the air filter cartridge are fixed along the circumferential direction with annular sealing strips The upper annular sealing strip is located above the air outlet, the lower annular sealing strip is located below the air outlet, and the lower part of the elastic pressure strip is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air filter cartridge. Under the action of the elastic pressure strip, the upper and lower annular sealing strips are both It is matched with the inner wall of the dust collector to be crimped and sealed. 5. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: each flue gas outlet pipe is connected with a high-pressure gas pipe and a first stop valve, and the connection position of the high-pressure gas pipe and the flue gas outlet pipe It is located between the first cut-off valve and the dust removal cylinder, and the high-pressure gas pipe is provided with a second cut-off valve. 6. The boiler smoke exhaust, blockage prevention, filter and dust removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flue gas inlet pipe is provided with a third stop valve adjacent to the dust removal cylinder, and the flue gas inlet pipe increases from high to high along the internal airflow direction. to a low tilt setting. 7. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air flow velocity lifting mechanism includes a hollow shaft, a drive motor, a fan blade, an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat; the rotating scraping mechanism includes a bracket , drive shaft, second motor reducer, screw scraper and lower rotating support assembly; Both the hollow shaft and the drive shaft are arranged vertically, the drive shaft passes through the hollow shaft, the center line of the hollow shaft and the drive shaft coincides with the center line of the rotating cover, the bracket is fixed on the rotating cover, and the top of the bracket is provided with a horizontal level through bolts. The support plate, the second motor reducer is fixed on the horizontal support plate, the horizontal support plate is provided with a through hole, the main shaft of the second motor reducer vertically passes through the through hole and passes through the flange coupling and the upper end of the drive shaft Transmission connection, the hollow shaft passes through the rotating cover and is rotatably connected to the rotating cover through the first bearing. The upper and lower parts of the first bearing are provided with baffle plates, the driving motor is arranged on the rotating cover, and the driving motor is driven by the gear transmission mechanism with the hollow shaft. connect; The upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down. The top of the lower bearing seat is provided with an inner thread sleeve, the outer part of the lower end of the hollow shaft extends into and is threaded into the inner thread sleeve, and the outer thread of the hollow shaft is connected with the inner thread sleeve. The upper end of the back tightening nut is crimped, the second bearing is installed in the lower bearing seat, the outer circle of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the lower bearing seat through the second bearing installed in the lower bearing seat, and the lower end of the lower bearing seat is provided with a sleeve through the bolt. The end cover of the outer circle of the shaft is provided with a sealing ring between the inner circle of the end cover and the outer circle of the drive shaft; There are at least three fan blades, and the three fan blades are evenly arranged on the lower outer periphery of the end cover connected to the bottom of the lower bearing seat, and the fan blades are located below the air outlet; The upper end of the spiral scraper is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drive shaft. The maximum revolving surface of the spiral scraper is cylindrical, and the diameter of the cylinder is equal to the inner diameter of the dust removal cylinder. The assembly is arranged at the lower port of the dust collector. There are four diagonal struts inside the dust storage bucket. The upper ends of the four diagonal struts are all connected to the fixed part of the lower rotating support assembly, and the lower end of the spiral scraper is connected to the lower rotating support. The active part of the component is connected. 8. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the lower rotating support assembly comprises a fixed sleeve, a rotating shaft and a dust cover, and the fixed sleeve and the dust removal cylinder are arranged on the same center line; The lower part of the casing is fixedly connected with the upper ends of the four diagonal bracing rods, and the lower ends of the four diagonal bracing rods are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the dust storage bucket. The four diagonal bracing rods are arranged in a circular array along the center line of the dust collector. The bottom center of the dust cover is fixedly connected, the top of the dust cover is a spherical structure, a dust cover is arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the dust cover, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the fixed sleeve, and the upper part of the fixed sleeve extends into the rotating shaft and the dust cover In the annular groove formed between the fixed sleeves, the outer circle of the fixed sleeve and the inner wall of the dust cover, the inner circle of the fixed sleeve and the outer circle of the rotating shaft are all clearance fit, and the space between the upper end face of the fixed sleeve and the bottom of the annular groove is filled. There is lubricating graphite powder. 9. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the dust storage hopper is a box structure with a quadrangular prism at the upper part and a quadrangular pyramid at the bottom, and a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the dust storage hopper. , There is a discharge valve on the discharge pipe, a door body on the left side of the upper part of the dust storage bucket, a cross bar is fixed between the two diagonal struts on the left side of the dust storage bucket, and a cross bar is rotatably connected to the cross bar. Lever, the lever is made of square tube, the left side of the lever is provided with a front and rear transparent guide hole and a top and bottom through hole along the length direction, the guide hole and the through hole are connected, the length of the guide hole is greater than the length of the through hole, and there is a hole in the through hole. For a vertically arranged ejector rod, the lower part of the ejector rod is rotatably connected in the guide hole through a horizontally arranged pin shaft, and the upper end of the ejector rod extends into the fixed sleeve. 10. The boiler smoke exhaust, blocking, filtering and dust removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: a plug is arranged in the left port of the lever, a positioning rod is hinged on the left side of the top of the dust storage bucket, and a hanging ring is arranged on the upper part of the left end of the lever for positioning The lower end of the rod is bent to form a hook, and the hook is connected with the hanging ring.

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