CN112082995A - An integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology department, which belongs to the field of medical appliances and comprises a base, a centrifugal mechanism and a microscopic detection mechanism, wherein the centrifugal mechanism comprises an outer fixed cylinder and a centrifugal turntable, the centrifugal turntable is provided with an upper accommodating cavity, a middle accommodating cavity and a lower accommodating cavity, a plugging block is arranged in the middle accommodating cavity, the bottom of the plugging block is connected with a lifting rod, the outer fixed cylinder is provided with a urinary sediment port and a waste liquid discharge port, one side of the bottom of the lower accommodating cavity is provided with a liquid discharge channel, the bottom of the lifting rod is provided with a first permanent magnet, and the inner bottom of the outer fixed cylinder is fixed with a first electromagnet; the inner bottom of the outer fixing barrel is provided with a vertically arranged top contact rod, the bottom of the top contact rod is provided with a second permanent magnet, and the bottom surface of the outer fixing barrel is fixed with a second electromagnet. The invention can be operated integrally in a centralized way, is convenient for sampling and conveying the urinary sediment, is also convenient for collecting the urine waste liquid, can improve the working efficiency and ensure the accuracy, and can also reduce the workload of medical staff.

Description

An integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology

technical field

The invention relates to the field of medical appliances, in particular to an integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology.

Background technique

Urinary sediment examination is the examination of urine sediment with a microscope, in order to identify various pathological components such as cells, tubes, crystals, bacteria, parasites, etc. Important routine test items for identification and prognosis judgment. Changes that cannot be found in general physical examinations or chemical tests can be found by sedimentation examination. For example, if the urine protein examination is negative, a small amount of red blood cells can be found in the microscopic examination. It shows that when judging the results of urine sedimentation, it must be cross-referenced with the results of physical and chemical examinations, and comprehensive analysis and judgment should be carried out in combination with clinical data.

With the popularization of urine analyzers in routine urine examination, some inspectors rely too much on instruments and ignore the importance of urine sediment microscopy. By mistake, the urine sediment microscopic examination was not done, and the possible casts, red and white blood cells, epithelial cells, crystals and other formed elements were underreported. Moreover, the test strips are often interfered by chemical factors such as some drugs in the urine, and some false negative results appear. Urine sediment microscopy can detect and correct some errors reported by the urine analyzer in time. However, conventional urine sediment examination is cumbersome and inefficient. There is a need for a device capable of centralized and integrated operation, which can not only improve work efficiency, but also ensure accuracy, and reduce the workload of medical staff.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology, which integrates the centrifugal treatment of urine sediment microscopic examination and the devices and instruments required for microscopic examination, and can be operated in a centralized and integrated manner. The utility model facilitates the sampling and transportation of urine sediment, and also facilitates the collection of urine waste liquid, which can improve work efficiency and ensure accuracy, and can also reduce the workload of medical staff.

2. Technical solutions

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology, comprising a base, a centrifugal mechanism and a microscopic detection mechanism respectively installed on the base, the microscopic detection mechanism including a microscope fixed on the base; The outer fixing cylinder supported by the strut on the base and the centrifugal turntable rotatably arranged inside the outer fixing cylinder, the upper end face of the outer fixing cylinder is open, and the lower part of the outer fixing cylinder is fixed on the base. The motor, the output shaft of the motor runs vertically upward through the bottom of the outer fixing cylinder and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the centrifugal turntable, the outer side wall of the centrifugal turntable is completely attached to the inner wall of the outer fixing cylinder, and the bottom of the centrifugal turntable is fixed to the outer There is a gap between the inner bottom of the cylinder;

The interior of the centrifugal turntable is equally spaced with at least one circularly distributed cavity for holding urine, and each cavity includes an upper cavity penetrating through the upper end face of the centrifugal turntable and passing through the middle of the bottom of the upper cavity. a chamber, and a lower chamber that penetrates through the bottom of the middle chamber, the width of the middle chamber is greater than the width of the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the height of the upper chamber is greater than the height of the lower chamber, the middle chamber A blocking block for blocking the upper port or the lower port of the intermediate cavity is arranged in the cavity, and the blocking block is formed by fixing two circular truncated bodies symmetrically arranged about its horizontal center plane, and the blocking block is formed. The diameter of the end face of the block is smaller than the diameter of the port on the corresponding side of the intermediate cavity, the diameter of the middle of the blocking block is larger than the diameter of the upper and lower ports of the intermediate cavity, and the bottom center of the blocking block is fixed with a vertical downward through the bottom of the centrifugal turntable. a rod, the centrifugal turntable on one side of the lower chamber is provided with a drainage channel that communicates with the bottom of the lower chamber and runs through the outer side of the centrifugal turntable;

Both sides of the outer fixing cylinder are respectively provided with a urine sediment port and a waste liquid discharge port which can be communicated with the drainage channel, and a first electromagnet is fixed on the inner bottom of the outer fixing cylinder corresponding to the side where the urine sediment port is located, The bottom of the lifting rod is higher than the first electromagnet and is fixed with a first permanent magnet that magnetically repels the first electromagnet; the inner bottom of the outer fixing cylinder is provided with a vertical arrangement corresponding to the side where the waste liquid discharge port is located. the top contact rod, and the bottom of the top contact rod is located below the outer fixing cylinder and is fixed with a limit block whose width is larger than that of the top contact rod, a second permanent magnet is fixed on the limit block, and the bottom surface of the outer fixing cylinder is A second electromagnet located directly above the second permanent magnet is fixed thereon, and the second permanent magnet and the second electromagnet attract each other magnetically. a spring; when the second electromagnet is energized to adsorb the second permanent magnet, the blocking block is located in the middle of the intermediate cavity, and the upper and lower ports of the intermediate cavity are in an open state; the urine sediment port and the waste liquid discharge The outer port of the outlet is provided with a pipe connection head fixed on the outer fixing cylinder, and the outer side of the pipe connection head corresponding to the urine sediment port is connected with a test delivery hose leading to the microscopic detection mechanism, and the base is fixed with The waste liquid collecting cylinder is connected with a waste liquid discharging pipe which is communicated with the waste liquid collecting cylinder on the outside of the pipe connecting head corresponding to the waste liquid discharge port.

Further, the top of the centrifugal turntable is provided with a sealing cover for blocking the upper port of the upper chamber, and the sealing cover is provided with a sealant layer adapted to the upper port of the upper chamber. The sealing cover covers the upper port of the upper chamber, and seals the port through a sealant layer, which can effectively prevent the urine from splashing when the centrifugal turntable rotates to centrifuge the urine in the chamber.

Further, a sealing rubber ring is provided on the centrifugal turntable at the position where the lifting rod passes through. The sealing rubber ring prevents leakage of urine sediment or urine supernatant from the position on the centrifugal turntable where the lift rods pass through, thus ensuring that urine enters the drainage channel.

Further, a bearing sleeved on the output shaft is provided on the outer fixing cylinder at the position where the output shaft of the electric motor passes through. The bearing can better limit the output shaft of the motor to maintain a vertical state, and does not affect the rotation of the output shaft of the motor, which better realizes the rotational connection between the output shaft of the motor and the outer fixed cylinder.

Further, the lower end of the lift rod is sleeved with a second spring fixed on the bottom surface of the centrifugal turntable. Under the action of the magnetic repulsion force of the first electromagnet to the first permanent magnet, the first permanent magnet can push the lift rod to rise, and the second spring is compressed until the blocking block blocks the upper port of the intermediate cavity; in the first electromagnet After the iron is powered off, the first permanent magnet and the lifting rod can be quickly reset to the initial state under the reset action of the second spring. At this time, the blocking block can better block the lower port of the intermediate cavity.

Further, the microscope includes a microscope base fixed on the base, a fixed plate fixed on the microscope base, and a lift plate for pressing on the fixed plate, one side of the lift plate is provided with a vertical fixed plate on the microscope. A guide rod on the base, the guide rod is slidably sleeved with a second slider that is fixedly connected to the lifting plate; the microscopic detection mechanism includes a guide tube connected to the output end of the hose for inspection, and the guide tube is horizontal It is arranged that a small support table fixed on the base is arranged below the guide tube, the upper end surface of the small support table is provided with a slide rail, and one end of the guide tube connected to the inspection hose is fixed with a sliding connection on the bottom. The first slider on the slide rail, a hinge plate is connected between the first slider and the second slider, and the two ends of the hinge plate are respectively hinged with the sliders on the corresponding sides, and the second slider is always high on the first slider. When the urine sediment is detected, move the first slider along the slide rail to the side where the microscope is located to drive the guide tube to move to the middle of the fixed plate; at the same time, the first slider pushes the second slider through the hinge plate to move up along the guide rod , it can drive the lifting plate to move upward, so as to facilitate the installation of glass slides and cover glass; after the urine sediment enters the guide tube through the inspection hose, and drops on the slide along the guide tube, push the first slide The block moves to the side facing away from the microscope, which drives the guide tube to move outside the fixed plate. At the same time, the first sliding block pushes the second sliding block to move down along the guide rod through the hinge plate, which can drive the lifting plate to move down. The urine sediment can be observed under the microscope until it is pressed on the fixing plate so that the cover glass is pressed against the glass slide.

Further, the upper end face of the fixing plate is provided with a concave lower embedding groove for clamping and loading glass slides, and the lower end face of the lifting plate is provided with a concave upper embedding groove for clamping the cover glass. The upper part of the lifting plate is provided with a gap that communicates with the upper embedding groove. The slide glass can be installed stably through the lower embedding groove, the cover glass can be installed stably through the upper embedding groove, and the urine sediment clamped between the slide glass and the cover glass can be easily observed through the gap .

3. Beneficial effects

(1) The centrifugal mechanism of the present invention is provided with a centrifugal turntable with a cavity, and the cavity includes an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity which are connected in sequence, and the width of the intermediate cavity is larger than that of the upper cavity and the lower cavity. , and there is a blocking block in the middle cavity, and the bottom of the blocking block is connected with a lifting rod. In the initial state, the blocking block blocks the lower port of the middle cavity. At this time, the urine to be detected is poured into the container. In the cavity, the urine will not enter the lower cavity. After the centrifugal turntable is driven by the motor to rotate, the urine will be layered. The supernatant is all located in the upper cavity, and the urine sediment is mostly located in the middle cavity, and some of it is located in the middle cavity. At the lower end of the upper chamber, at this time, the blocking block is pushed up by the lifting rod, which can block the upper port of the middle chamber and open the lower port of the middle chamber, and the urine sediment in the middle chamber will enter the lower chamber. In addition, there is an external fixing cylinder attached to the outside of the centrifugal turntable, and a urine sediment port is opened on the outer fixing cylinder, and the bottom side of the lower chamber is There is a drainage channel that can be communicated with the urine sediment port, and the outer side of the urine sediment port is connected with a testing hose leading to the microscopic detection mechanism, so that the urine sediment in the lower chamber can pass through the drainage channel and the urine sediment in sequence. The port and the inspection hose are sent to the microscopic inspection agency for inspection, which avoids large errors in the inspection results caused by the secondary mixing of the detected urine sediment and urine.

(2) In the present invention, a first electromagnet is fixed on the inner bottom of the outer fixing cylinder corresponding to the side where the urine sediment passage is located, and the bottom of the lifting rod is higher than the first electromagnet and is fixed with a first permanent magnet which is magnetically repelled with the first electromagnet. Magnet, when the drainage channel of the corresponding cavity is connected to the urine sediment port, the first electromagnet is energized, and the first electromagnet generates a magnetic repulsion force on the first permanent magnet directly above it, so that the corresponding lifting can be realized. The upward movement of the rod and the blocking block makes the blocking block block the upper port of the intermediate cavity. Since the movement of the blocking block is only carried out in the urine sediment, it can prevent the urine supernatant and urine sediment from being turbid; and open the middle The lower port of the chamber, the urine sediment in the middle chamber enters the lower chamber, and then enters the corresponding drainage channel, the urine sediment port and the inspection hose in turn, and the present invention is used for centrifugal stratification of urine. Then, the urine sediment can be sampled and guided to the microscopic detection mechanism by energizing the first electromagnet, and the operation is simple and convenient for application.

(3) The present invention is provided with a waste liquid collecting cylinder, and a waste liquid discharge port is opened on one side of the outer fixing cylinder, and the outer side is connected with a waste liquid discharging pipe that communicates with the waste liquid collecting cylinder, and the inner bottom of the outer fixing cylinder corresponds to the waste liquid discharge pipe. The side where the liquid discharge outlet is located is provided with a vertically arranged top contact rod, a limit block is fixed on the bottom of the top contact rod, a second permanent magnet is fixed on the limit block, and a second permanent magnet is fixed on the bottom surface of the outer fixing cylinder. The second electromagnet of the magnet, and the second permanent magnet and the second electromagnet attract each other magnetically. When the liquid discharge channel of the corresponding cavity is connected with the waste liquid discharge port, each second electromagnet is energized, which can attract the second permanent magnet. The magnet drives the limit block and the top contact rod to rise, and the top contact rod pushes the first permanent magnet and the lift rod to rise until the blocking block is located in the middle of the intermediate cavity, and the upper and lower ports of the intermediate cavity are both open. The remaining urine sediment and supernatant in the cavity can enter the drainage channel, and then enter the waste liquid collection cylinder through the waste liquid discharge port and the waste liquid discharge pipe in turn, so as to realize the collection of urine waste liquid, and only need to pass through the waste liquid. When the second electromagnet is energized, the waste liquid collection target can be achieved, the control is simple, and the application is convenient.

To sum up, the present invention integrates the centrifugal treatment of urine sediment microscopic examination and the devices and equipment required for microscopic examination, which can be operated in a centralized manner, facilitates the sampling and transportation of urine sediment, and facilitates the collection of urine waste liquid. It can improve work efficiency and ensure accuracy, and can also reduce the workload of medical staff.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural enlargement schematic diagram of area A in Fig. 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the fixing plate 18 and the lifting plate 17;

4 is a schematic top view of the structure of the centrifugal mechanism;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the A-A section in Fig. 3 of the outer fixed cylinder 4 and the centrifugal turntable 5;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the outer fixing cylinder 4 and the centrifugal turntable 5 in the section B-B in FIG. 3 .

Reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. Motor; 3. Waste liquid collecting cylinder; 4. External fixing cylinder; 5. Centrifugal turntable; 6. Sealing cover; 7. Pipe connector; Microscope; 10. Small support table; 11. Slide rail; 12. The first sliding block; 13. Guide tube; 14. Hinged plate; 15. Guide rod; 16. The second sliding block; 17. Lifting plate; Fixing plate; 19. Microscope base; 20. Liquid drainage channel; 21. Waste liquid discharge port; 22. Waste liquid discharge pipe; 23. Urine sediment port; 24. First permanent magnet; 25. Sealing rubber ring; 26, Lower chamber; 27, Middle chamber; 28, Upper chamber; 29, Sealant layer; 30, Blocking block; 31, Lifting rod; 32, First electromagnet; 33, Bearing; 34, Gap; 35, Upper embedded groove; 36, lower embedded groove; 37, top contact rod; 38, second electromagnet; 39, second permanent magnet; 40, first spring; 41, limit block; 42, second spring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example

As shown in FIG. 1 , an integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology includes a base 1 and a centrifugal mechanism and a microscopic detection mechanism respectively installed on the base 1 . The microscope 9; the centrifugal mechanism includes an outer fixed cylinder 4 supported on the base 1 by a strut and a rotatable centrifugal turntable 5 arranged inside the outer fixed cylinder 4, and the upper end face of the outer fixed cylinder 4 is openly set , a motor 2 fixed on the base 1 is arranged below the outer fixing cylinder 4. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the output shaft of the motor 2 vertically penetrates the bottom of the outer fixing cylinder 4 and is connected with the centrifugal turntable 5. The bottom of the centrifugal turntable 5 is fixedly connected, the outer side wall of the centrifugal turntable 5 is completely attached to the inner wall of the outer fixing cylinder 4, and there is a gap between the bottom of the centrifugal turntable 5 and the inner bottom of the outer fixing cylinder 4;

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 4, the centrifugal turntable 5 is provided with at least one cavities for holding urine (four cavities are shown in Fig. 3) distributed in a circle at equal intervals. And each chamber includes an upper chamber 28 penetrating the upper end face of the centrifugal turntable 5, a middle chamber 27 penetrating the bottom of the upper chamber 28, and a lower chamber 26 penetrating the bottom of the middle chamber 27. The width of the cavity 27 is larger than the width of the upper cavity 28 and the lower cavity 26 , the height of the upper cavity 28 is larger than the height of the lower cavity 26 , and the middle cavity 27 is provided with a spacer for sealing the middle cavity 27 . The blocking block 30 of the upper port or the lower port, the blocking block 30 is formed by fixing two circular truncated bodies symmetrically arranged about its horizontal center plane, and the diameter of the end face of the blocking block 30 is smaller than the corresponding diameter of the middle cavity 27. The diameter of the side port, the diameter of the middle of the blocking block 30 is larger than the diameter of the upper and lower ports of the middle cavity 27, and a lifting rod 31 that penetrates the bottom of the centrifugal turntable 5 vertically downward is fixed at the center of the bottom of the blocking block 30, so The centrifugal turntable 5 on one side of the lower chamber 26 is provided with a drain channel 20 that communicates with the bottom of the lower chamber 26 and penetrates the outer side of the centrifugal turntable 5;

As shown in FIG. 4 , the two sides of the outer fixing cylinder 4 are respectively provided with a urine sediment port 23 and a waste liquid discharge port 21 that can communicate with the drainage channel 20 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the outer fixing cylinder 4 A first electromagnet 32 is fixed at the inner bottom of the bottom corresponding to the side where the urine sediment port 23 is located, and the bottom of the lifting rod 31 is higher than the first electromagnet 32 and fixed with a first permanent magnet that magnetically repels the first electromagnet 32 24; As shown in FIG. 6, the inner bottom of the outer fixing cylinder 4 is provided with a vertically arranged top contact rod 37 corresponding to the side where the waste liquid discharge port 21 is located, and the bottom of the top contact rod 37 is located at the bottom of the outer fixed cylinder 4. A limit block 41 with a width greater than that of the top contact rod 37 is fixed below, a second permanent magnet 39 is fixed on the limit block 41 , and a second permanent magnet 39 is fixed on the bottom surface of the outer fixing cylinder 4 directly above the second permanent magnet 39 The second electromagnet 38, and the second permanent magnet 39 and the second electromagnet 38 are magnetically attracted, the upper end surface of the limit block 41 is fixed with the first spring 40 connected to the bottom surface of the outer fixing cylinder 4; After the second electromagnet 38 is energized to adsorb the second permanent magnet 39, the blocking block 30 is located in the middle of the intermediate cavity 27, and the upper and lower ports of the intermediate cavity 27 are in the open state; as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, The outer ports of the urine sediment port 23 and the waste liquid discharge port 21 are both provided with a pipe connection head 7 fixed on the outer fixing cylinder 4, and the outer side of the pipe connection head 7 corresponding to the urine sediment port 23 is connected to a pipe connecting head 7. The inspection-submission hose 8 of the microscopic detection mechanism, the waste liquid collecting cylinder 3 is fixed on the base 1, and the waste liquid communicating with the waste liquid collecting cylinder 3 is connected to the outside of the pipe connector 7 corresponding to the waste liquid discharge port 21 Discharge pipe 22.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the top of the centrifugal turntable 5 is provided with a sealing cover 6 for blocking the upper port of the upper chamber 28 , as shown in FIG. 5 , and the sealing cover 6 is provided with a sealing cover 6 . There is a sealant layer 29 which is adapted to the port on the upper chamber 28 . The sealing cover 6 covers the upper port of the upper chamber 28, and seals the port through the sealant layer 29, which can effectively prevent urine from splashing when the centrifugal turntable 5 rotates to centrifuge the urine in the chamber.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , a sealing rubber ring 25 is provided on the centrifugal turntable 5 at the position where the lift rod 31 passes through. The sealing rubber ring 25 can prevent urine sediment or urine supernatant from leaking from the position on the centrifugal turntable 5 where the lift rod 31 passes through, thereby ensuring that urine enters the drainage channel 20 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , a bearing 33 sleeved on the output shaft is provided on the outer fixing cylinder 4 at the position where the output shaft of the electric motor 2 passes through. The bearing 33 can better limit the output shaft of the motor 2 to maintain a vertical state without affecting the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 2 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the lower end of the lift rod 31 is sleeved with a second spring 42 fixed on the bottom surface of the centrifugal turntable 5 . Under the action of the magnetic repulsion force of the first electromagnet 32 to the first permanent magnet 24 , the first permanent magnet 24 can push the lifting rod 31 to rise, and the second spring 42 is compressed until the blocking block 30 blocks the intermediate cavity 27 . The upper port; after the first electromagnet 32 is powered off, the first permanent magnet 24 and the lifting rod 31 can be quickly reset to the initial state under the reset action of the second spring 42. At this time, the blocking block 30 is better blocked The lower port of the intermediate chamber 27 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the microscope 9 includes a microscope base 19 fixed on the base 1 , a fixing plate 18 fixed on the microscope base 19 , and a lifting plate for pressing on the fixing plate 18 17. One side of the lift plate 17 is provided with a guide rod 15 that is vertically fixed on the microscope base 19, and a second slider 16 fixedly connected to the lift plate 17 is provided on the guide rod 15 in a sliding sleeve; the The microscopic detection mechanism includes a guide tube 13 connected to the output end of the hose 8 for inspection, and the guide tube 13 is arranged horizontally. The upper end surface of the small support table 10 is provided with a slide rail 11 , and one end of the guide tube 13 connected to the inspection hose 8 is fixed with a first slide block 12 slidably connected to the slide rail 11 . The first slide block 12 A hinge plate 14 is connected with the second slider 16 , and both ends of the hinge plate 14 are hinged with the sliders on the corresponding sides respectively. The second slider 16 is always higher than the first slider 12 . When the urine sediment is detected, the first slider 12 is moved along the slide rail 11 to the side where the microscope 9 is located to drive the guide tube 13 to move toward the middle of the fixed plate 18; at the same time, the first slider 12 pushes the second slider 12 through the hinge plate 14 The slider 16 moves upward along the guide rod 15, which can drive the lifting plate 17 to move upward, so as to facilitate the installation of the slide glass and the cover glass; the urine sediment enters the guide tube 13 through the inspection hose 8, and flows along the guide tube After 13 drops on the glass slide, push the first slider 12 to move to the side facing away from the microscope 9, and drive the guide tube 13 to move outside the fixed plate 18. At the same time, the first slider 12 pushes the first slider 12 through the hinge plate 14. The two sliders 16 move downward along the guide rod 15 , which can drive the lifting plate 17 to move downward until it is pressed on the fixing plate 18 , so that the cover glass is pressed on the slide glass, and then the urine sediment can be analyzed by the microscope 9 . Observed.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the upper end surface of the fixing plate 18 is provided with a concave lower embedding groove 36 for loading glass slides, and the lower end surface of the lifting plate 17 is provided with a concave recess 36 . The upper embedded groove 35 for clamping the cover glass, and the upper part of the lift plate 17 is provided with a gap 34 which communicates with the upper embedded groove 35 . The slide glass can be stably installed through the lower embedding groove 36 , the cover glass can be stably installed through the upper embedding groove 35 , and the urine clamped between the slide glass and the cover glass can be easily cleaned through the gap 34 . Sludge was observed.

The specific application process of the above-mentioned integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in the department of nephrology is as follows:

In the initial state, the blocking block 30 is located at a lower position, and it blocks the lower port of the intermediate chamber 27; when urine is to be detected, the sealing cover 6 is first opened, and the urine to be detected is introduced into the chamber. The lower port of the cavity 27 is blocked, and the urine is only stored in the upper cavity 28 and the middle cavity 27, and then the motor 2 is started to drive the centrifugal turntable 5 to rotate, which can realize the centrifugal treatment of the urine in the cavity, and wait for the motor to rotate. 2. After stopping the rotation, after the centrifugal turntable 5 is left to stand, the urine is layered, the supernatant is all located in the upper chamber 28, and most of the urine sediment is located in the middle chamber 27, and part of it is located at the lower end of the upper chamber 28. The guide tube 13 is moved between the fixed plate 18 and the lifting plate 17, and the slide glass and the cover glass are installed, and then the centrifugal turntable 5 is rotated, so that the cavity containing the urine is rotated to the side where the urine sediment port 23 is located. , so that the corresponding drainage channel 20 communicates with the urine sediment port 23, and energizes the first electromagnet 32, the first electromagnet 32 generates a magnetic repulsion force to the first permanent magnet 24 directly above it, and pushes the corresponding lifting rod 31 and the blocking block 30 move upward until the blocking block 30 blocks the upper port of the intermediate cavity 27, since the movement of the blocking block 30 is only carried out in the urine sediment, it can prevent the urine supernatant and the urine sediment from being turbid; When the blocking block 30 blocks the upper port of the middle chamber 27, the lower port of the middle chamber 27 is opened, and the urine sediment in the middle chamber 27 enters the lower chamber 26, and then enters the corresponding drainage channel in sequence 20 and the urine sediment port 23, and finally drop on the glass slide through the inspection hose 8 and the guide tube 13, and can be used to control the access by setting the on-off valve on the guide tube 13 or the inspection hose 8 At this time, the first sliding block 12 is moved in the reverse direction to drive the guide tube 13 to reset, and at the same time, the first sliding block 12 drives the second sliding block 16 to descend through the hinge plate 14, thereby driving the lifting plate 17 It is lowered to press on the fixing plate 18 so that the cover glass is pressed on the slide glass, and finally the urine sediment can be observed from the notch 34 through the microscope 9 .

After the detection, the centrifugal turntable 5 is rotated until the chamber moves to the side where the waste liquid discharge port 21 is located, and the corresponding liquid discharge channel 20 is communicated with the waste liquid discharge port 21. It is completely attached to the inner peripheral side of the outer fixing cylinder 4, and the urine sediment remaining in the drainage channel 20 and the lower volume chamber 26 will not flow out accidentally; then the second electromagnet 38 is energized, and the second electromagnet 38 adsorbs the second permanent magnet 39. Drive the limit block 41 and the top contact rod 37 to move upward, the first spring 40 is compressed, and the top contact rod 37 pushes the first permanent magnet 24 and the lift rod 31 to rise until the blocking block 30 is located in the middle of the intermediate cavity 27 At this time, the upper and lower ports of the intermediate chamber 27 are both open, and the remaining urine sediment and supernatant in the chamber can enter the drainage channel 20, and then enter through the waste liquid discharge port 21 and the waste liquid discharge pipe 22 in turn. The waste liquid collection cylinder 3 realizes the collection of urine waste liquid; directly pushes the second slider 16 to move upward, which can facilitate the removal of the bottom glass and the cover glass; The liquid discharge pipe 22 is detached from the outer fixing cylinder 4 so as to facilitate cleaning or replacement of various components.

As can be seen from the above content, the present invention integrates the centrifugal treatment of urine sediment microscopic examination and the devices and equipment required for microscopic examination, which enables centralized and integrated operation, facilitates the sampling and transportation of urine sediment, and facilitates the collection of urine waste liquid. , not only can improve work efficiency and ensure accuracy, but also reduce the workload of medical staff.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should realize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediments in nephrology department comprises a base (1), and a centrifugal mechanism and a microscopic detection mechanism which are respectively arranged on the base (1), wherein the microscopic detection mechanism comprises a microscope (9) fixed on the base (1); the centrifugal mechanism is characterized by comprising an outer fixed cylinder (4) supported on a base (1) through a support rod and a centrifugal turntable (5) rotatably arranged in the outer fixed cylinder (4), wherein the upper end face of the outer fixed cylinder (4) is arranged in an open manner, a motor (2) fixed on the base (1) is arranged below the outer fixed cylinder (4), an output shaft of the motor (2) vertically penetrates through the bottom of the outer fixed cylinder (4) upwards and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the centrifugal turntable (5), the outer side wall of the centrifugal turntable (5) is completely attached to the inner wall of the outer fixed cylinder (4), and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the centrifugal turntable (5) and the inner bottom of the outer fixed cylinder (4);

the centrifugal turntable (5) is internally provided with at least one circularly distributed containing cavity at equal intervals, each containing cavity comprises an upper containing cavity (28) penetrating through the upper end surface of the centrifugal turntable (5), a middle containing cavity (27) penetrating through the bottom of the upper containing cavity (28), and a lower containing cavity (26) penetrating through the bottom of the middle containing cavity (27), the width of the middle containing cavity (27) is greater than the widths of the upper containing cavity (28) and the lower containing cavity (26), the height of the upper containing cavity (28) is greater than the height of the lower containing cavity (26), a blocking block (30) for blocking the upper end port or the lower end port of the middle containing cavity (27) is arranged in the middle containing cavity (27), the blocking block (30) is formed by fixing two circular truncated cones symmetrically arranged relative to the horizontal central plane of the blocking block (30), and the end surface diameter of the blocking block (30) is smaller than the port diameter of the corresponding side of the middle containing cavity (27), the diameter of the middle part of the blocking block (30) is larger than the diameter of the upper and lower ports of the middle containing cavity (27), a lifting rod (31) vertically penetrating through the bottom of the centrifugal turntable (5) downwards is fixed at the center of the bottom of the blocking block (30), and a liquid drainage channel (20) communicated with the bottom of the lower containing cavity (26) and penetrating through the outer side surface of the centrifugal turntable (5) is formed in the centrifugal turntable (5) on one side of the lower containing cavity (26);

two sides of the outer fixed cylinder (4) are respectively provided with a urinary sediment through hole (23) and a waste liquid outlet (21) which can be communicated with the liquid drainage channel (20), the side of the inner bottom of the outer fixed cylinder (4) corresponding to the urinary sediment through hole (23) is fixedly provided with a first electromagnet (32), the bottom of the lifting rod (31) is higher than the first electromagnet (32) and is fixedly provided with a first permanent magnet (24) which is magnetically repelled with the first electromagnet (32); a vertically arranged top contact rod (37) penetrates through the side, corresponding to the waste liquid discharge port (21), of the inner bottom of the outer fixed cylinder (4), a limiting block (41) with the width larger than that of the top contact rod (37) is fixed at the bottom of the outer fixed cylinder (4), a second permanent magnet (39) is fixed on the limiting block (41), a second electromagnet (38) located right above the second permanent magnet (39) is fixed on the bottom surface of the outer fixed cylinder (4), the second permanent magnet (39) is magnetically attracted with the second electromagnet (38), and a first spring (40) connected to the bottom surface of the outer fixed cylinder (4) is fixed on the upper end surface of the limiting block (41); when the second electromagnet (38) is electrified to adsorb the second permanent magnet (39), the blocking block (30) is positioned in the middle of the middle containing cavity (27), and the upper and lower ports of the middle containing cavity (27) are both in an open state; the utility model discloses a urine sediment detection device, including base (1), urine sediment opening (23) and waste liquid discharge port (21), the outer port department of urine sediment opening (23) and waste liquid discharge port (21) all is equipped with the union coupling head (7) of fixing on outer solid fixed cylinder (4), union coupling head (7) the outside that urine sediment opening (23) correspond is connected with the censorship hose (8) that accesss to the micro-detection mechanism, be fixed with collection waste liquid cylinder (3) on base (1), union coupling head (7) the outside that waste liquid discharge port (21) correspond is connected with waste liquid discharge pipe (22) with collection waste liquid cylinder (3.

2. The nephrology department urinary sediment integrated microscopic examination device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the top end of the centrifugal turntable (5) is provided with a sealing cover (6) for sealing the upper port of the upper cavity (28), and the sealing cover (6) is provided with a sealing glue layer (29) matched with the upper port of the upper cavity (28).

3. The nephrology department urinary sediment integrated microscopic examination device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugal turntable (5) is provided with a sealing rubber ring (25) at the position for the lifting rod (31) to pass through.

4. The nephrology department urinary sediment integrated microscopic examination device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a bearing (33) sleeved on the output shaft of the power supply motor (2) is arranged on the outer fixed cylinder (4) at the position where the output shaft passes through.

5. The integrated microscopic examination device for urinary sediment in nephrology department as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the lifting rod (31) is sleeved with a second spring (42) fixed on the bottom surface of the centrifugal turntable (5).

6. The nephrology department urinary sediment integrated microscopic examination device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the microscope (9) comprises a microscope base (19) fixed on the base (1), a fixing plate (18) fixed on the microscope base (19), and a lifting plate (17) pressed on the fixing plate (18), one side of the lifting plate (17) is provided with a guide rod (15) vertically fixed on the microscope base (19), and a second slide block (16) fixedly connected with the lifting plate (17) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (15); the microscopic detection mechanism comprises a guide pipe (13) connected to the output end of the censorship hose (8), the guide pipe (13) is transversely arranged, a small supporting platform (10) fixed on the base (1) is arranged below the guide pipe (13), a sliding rail (11) is arranged on the upper end face of the small supporting platform (10), a first sliding block (12) in sliding connection on the sliding rail (11) is fixed at one end of the guide pipe (13) connected with the censorship hose (8), a hinged plate (14) is connected between the first sliding block (12) and a second sliding block (16), two ends of the hinged plate (14) are hinged to sliding blocks on the corresponding sides respectively, and the second sliding block (16) is higher than the first sliding block (12) all the time.

7. The nephrology department urinary sediment integrated microscopic examination device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the upper end surface of the fixing plate (18) is provided with a concave lower embedded groove (36) for clamping a glass slide, the lower end surface of the lifting plate (17) is provided with a concave upper embedded groove (35) for clamping a cover glass, and the upper part of the lifting plate (17) is provided with a notch (34) communicated with the upper embedded groove (35).

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