CN112242576A - A kind of dismantling equipment and method for new energy vehicle waste power battery - Google Patents
A kind of dismantling equipment and method for new energy vehicle waste power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112242576A CN112242576A CN201910649377.2A CN201910649377A CN112242576A CN 112242576 A CN112242576 A CN 112242576A CN 201910649377 A CN201910649377 A CN 201910649377A CN 112242576 A CN112242576 A CN 112242576A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
本发明属于回收设备技术领域，具体涉及一种用于新能源汽车动力废旧电池的拆解设备，操作平台(10)固设连接于支撑架体(20)的上方，沿操作平台(10)的中线位置上设置夹持传送组件(4)，夹持传送组件(4)一侧设有上料组件(1)、推送组件(2)、芯壳分离组件(6)、外壳回收组件(7)、第一切割组件(51)、第一集尘器(81)和第一尾气处理器(91)；其另一侧有限位组件(3)、第二切割组件(52)、第二集尘器(82)和第二尾气处理器(92)；本发明的拆解设备集上料、推料传送、定位夹持、外壳切割、芯壳分离、材料回收于一体的拆解设备，实现了废旧动力电池外壳安全高效拆解与回收处理；设备结构简单，自动化程度高。
The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling equipment, and in particular relates to a dismantling equipment used for power waste batteries of new energy vehicles. A clamping and conveying assembly (4) is arranged at the position of the center line, and a feeding assembly (1), a pushing assembly (2), a core-shell separation assembly (6), and an outer casing recovery assembly (7) are arranged on one side of the clamping and conveying assembly (4). , the first cutting assembly (51), the first dust collector (81) and the first exhaust gas processor (91); the other side of the limiting assembly (3), the second cutting assembly (52), the second dust collector (82) and a second exhaust gas processor (92); the dismantling equipment of the present invention integrates feeding, pushing and conveying, positioning and clamping, shell cutting, core shell separation, and material recovery, and realizes the Safe and efficient dismantling and recycling of waste power battery shells; simple structure and high degree of automation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile power waste battery resource recycling equipment and battery recycling, and particularly relates to disassembling equipment and a method for new energy automobile power waste batteries.
Background
Currently, the new energy automobile industry enters a rapid development period, the yield and the sales volume are rapidly increased, the yield in 2016 is 51.9 thousands of machines, the yield in 2017 is 79.4 thousands of machines, and the yield in 2018 is 127 thousands of machines. With the first new energy automobile coming on the road for 8 years, China is about to enter a small peak of retirement of power batteries. The power battery has multiple properties of resources, environment and safety: from the safety aspect, the improper disposal of the waste power storage battery has the hidden troubles of electric shock, short circuit explosion, hydrogen fluoride corrosion and the like; from the environmental aspect, heavy metal pollution such as nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese and organic pollution such as electrolyte exist, and dust, waste gas, waste water and waste residue pollution may exist in the recovery process; from the resource aspect, the lithium-nickel-manganese alloy material contains key resources such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, rare earth (nickel-hydrogen battery) and the like. The recovery of waste power batteries is imperative.
At present, the recovery of waste power batteries mainly comprises manual disassembly and extensive crushing pretreatment, and the existing disassembling device has the defects of high disassembling difficulty, low automation level, heavy secondary pollution, low comprehensive resource recovery efficiency and the like. When the power battery is disassembled manually or broken roughly, the phenomena of short circuit, fire, large amount of organic waste gas, incomplete separation and the like are very easy to occur, and in order to realize the clean and high-valued recovery of precious metals in the power battery, reduce the labor intensity and ensure the personal safety, an automatic disassembling device is needed, so that the electric core in the power battery can be taken out safely and nondestructively, the convenient condition is provided for the recovery and utilization of precious metal resources, and the support is provided for the sustainable development of the new energy automobile industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the existing method for discharging clean lithium batteries, and provides a disassembling device for waste power batteries of new energy automobiles, wherein a clamping and conveying assembly capable of conveying the waste power batteries along a straight line is arranged at the central line position of an operation platform, a feeding assembly, a shell recycling assembly, a core-shell separating assembly, a cutting assembly and a limiting assembly are respectively and sequentially arranged on the left side and the right side of the clamping and conveying assembly, the discharged waste power batteries are conveyed into a special clamp for the clamping and conveying assembly through the feeding assembly and disassembled, two ends of the waste power batteries are suspended in the air, and the waste power batteries are sequentially subjected to cutting, core-shell separating and shell recycling processes along with the clamping and conveying assembly, so that the shells of the waste power batteries of the new energy automobiles are realized; the disassembling equipment integrates feeding, pushing material conveying, positioning and clamping, shell cutting, core-shell separation and material recovery, and realizes safe and efficient disassembling and recovery processing of waste power battery shells; the disassembling equipment is suitable for processing batteries with various shapes and specifications such as square batteries, cylindrical batteries, soft packages and the like, has high efficiency, can be operated in batches, is clean and pollution-free in the whole process due to a waste gas purification technology, is suitable for industrial application, and has a simple structure and high automation degree.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a new energy automobile power waste battery dismantling device, which includes: the device comprises a feeding assembly, a pushing assembly, a clamping and conveying assembly, a cutting assembly, a core-shell separating assembly, a shell recycling assembly, a dust collecting assembly, a tail gas treatment assembly, an operating platform, a support frame body, a first recycling storage box and a second recycling storage box;
wherein the cutting assembly comprises: a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly; the dust collection assembly includes: a first dust collector and a second dust collector; the tail gas treatment component comprises: a first tail gas processor and a second tail gas processor;
the operation platform is fixedly connected above the support frame body, a clamping and conveying assembly is arranged along the central line of the operation platform, and a feeding assembly, a pushing assembly, a core-shell separating assembly, a shell recycling assembly, a first cutting assembly, a first dust collector and a first tail gas processor are arranged on one side of the clamping and conveying assembly; the other side of the clamping and conveying assembly is provided with a limiting assembly, a second cutting assembly, a second dust collector and a second tail gas processor;
the feeding assembly is arranged on the pushing assembly, the pushing assembly and the clamping and conveying assembly are vertically arranged, and the limiting assembly and the pushing assembly are symmetrically arranged; the shell recovery component is close to one side of the pushing component and is arranged in parallel with the pushing component; the core-shell separation component is close to one side of the shell recovery component and is arranged in parallel with the shell recovery component; the first cutting assembly and the second cutting assembly are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the clamping and conveying assembly, and the first dust collector and the second dust collector are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the clamping and conveying assembly and respectively correspondingly close to the first cutting assembly and the second cutting assembly; the first tail gas processor is positioned between the first cutting assembly and the first dust collector, and the second tail gas processor is positioned between the second cutting assembly and the second dust collector; and a first recovery storage box and a second recovery storage box which are arranged side by side are arranged between the limiting assembly and the second cutting assembly.
As one improvement of the above technical scheme, the clamping and conveying assembly comprises a clamping and conveying motor, a coupler, a movement supporting assembly, a screw guide rail assembly, a clamping cylinder positioned on the screw guide rail assembly, clamping fingers connected with the clamping cylinder, and a clamping baffle plate, which are sequentially connected; and a feeding station, a cutting station, a separating station and a recovering station are arranged on the horizontal extension section of the lead screw guide rail assembly, and the feeding station, the cutting station, the separating station and the recovering station are all positioned on the operating platform.
As one of the improvements of the above technical scheme, the feeding assembly is of a cartridge clip type structure, and specifically comprises: the automatic feeding device comprises two feeding driving assemblies, two crank connecting rod assemblies, two feeding supporting assemblies, a plurality of pairs of movable hands, a first feeding shell and a second feeding shell;
the first feeding shell and the second feeding shell are both in a U-shaped groove structure and are erected on the pushing assembly relatively; the outer side of the first feeding shell and the outer side of the second feeding shell are respectively provided with a feeding driving assembly, a crank connecting rod assembly and a feeding supporting assembly, the feeding supporting assembly is fixed on the outer side of the first feeding shell or the outer side of the second feeding shell, one end of the crank connecting rod assembly penetrates through the feeding supporting assembly to be connected with the plurality of pairs of movable hands, and the other end of the crank connecting rod assembly is connected with the feeding driving assembly; a plurality of pairs of movable hands are distributed on the inner side of the first feeding shell and the inner side of the second feeding shell at equal intervals. The top of a feeding assembly composed of the first feeding shell and the second feeding shell is a feeding port for storing waste power batteries; the lower part is a discharge port for conveying the materials to the pushing assembly one by one.
As one of the improvements of the above technical scheme, the pushing assembly is in a spring type pushing and pulling structure, and comprises: the device comprises supporting legs, a pushing support plate, a module driving assembly, a connecting bolt, a bolt support plate, a pushing spring assembly and a placing groove;
the supporting legs are fixed on the operating platform, the supporting legs are provided with placing grooves, the pushing support plate is fixed on the operating platform, and the pushing support plate is positioned below the placing groove, one end of the pushing support plate is fixed on the module driving component, the connecting bolt and the bolt support plate are arranged in the placing groove, the other ends of the bolt supporting plate, the placing groove and the pushing supporting plate are fixedly connected through a connecting bolt, the bolt supporting plate and the module driving assembly are connected and fixed through the connecting bolt, the pushing spring assembly is arranged on one side of the bolt supporting plate, the module driving assembly serves as a driving source and drives the pushing spring assembly to convey the waste power battery in the placing groove to the clamping baffle of the clamping conveying assembly, the clamping cylinder pushes clamping fingers to move towards the direction of the vertical plate of the clamping baffle, the battery is clamped, and then the pushing spring assembly resets;
as one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the limiting assembly includes: the limiting movement assembly and the limiting baffle plate;
the limiting movement assembly is arranged on the operation platform and is opposite to the pushing assembly; the limiting baffle is arranged on the limiting movement assembly.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the limiting baffle is a limiting baffle with a Z-shaped structure and is made of an insulator material. Wherein, the width of limit baffle is greater than the width of every old and useless power battery.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the first cutting assembly includes: the cutting and moving assembly, the cutting and supporting assembly, the clamp motor and the circular saw blade; the cutting motion assembly is installed on the operation platform, a guide rail is arranged on the cutting motion assembly, the cutting support assembly is installed on the guide rail and can move horizontally, the cutting support assembly is provided with a clamp motor, and a circular saw blade is installed at the rotating end of the clamp motor.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the core-shell separation assembly includes: the device comprises a plurality of separation supporting legs, separation supporting plates, separation cylinders and separation fingers;
the separation supporting legs are fixedly arranged on the operation platform, separation supporting plates are arranged on the separation supporting legs, separation cylinders are arranged on the separation supporting plates, and separation fingers are arranged at the tail ends of telescopic rods of the separation cylinders.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the separation finger is in a regular frustum shape or a cylindrical structure.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the housing recovery assembly includes: the recovery support legs, the recovery support plates, the recovery air cylinders and the recovery push plates are arranged; the recovery supporting leg sets firmly on operation platform, is provided with the recovery backup pad on it, sets up the recovery cylinder in the recovery backup pad, and the telescopic link end of retrieving the cylinder is installed and is retrieved the push pedal.
After the clamping cylinder retracts, when the clamping conveying assembly drives the waste power batteries on the clamping conveying assembly after core-shell separation to move to the recovery station on the clamping conveying assembly, the recovery cylinder drives the recovery push plate, the recovery push plate pushes shells of the waste power batteries on the clamping baffle 47 on the recovery station to the second recovery storage box under the driving of the recovery cylinder, and the recovery cylinder resets.
The recovery push plate is of a T-shaped structure consisting of a round push plate and a cylinder; wherein, the cylinder is fixed on the circle push pedal, and the diameter of circle push pedal is greater than the diameter of cylinder.
As one improvement of the above technical solution, the first dust collector and the second dust collector are both used for recovering dust debris generated by cutting the positive and negative electrode heads of the waste power batteries; both are dust collection boxes; wherein the size of the dust box is determined by the size of the circular saw blade, and specifically, the width and height of the dust box are set according to the diameter and center height of the circular saw blade.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the first exhaust gas processor and the second exhaust gas processor are both used for collecting dust splashed around the circular saw blade during cutting, ester organic matters volatilized during cutting of the battery, and HF/PF5 gas which may be generated, and discharging the dust and the gas after green treatment.
Based on the disassembling equipment for the new energy automobile power waste battery, the invention also provides a disassembling method for the new energy automobile power waste battery, which comprises the following steps:
the waste power batteries are manually stored in the feeding assembly, the crank connecting rod assembly is driven by the feeding driving assembly to realize the extension and retraction of a plurality of pairs of movable hands, and the waste power batteries falling from the discharge port of the feeding assembly fall into the placing groove one by one;
when the clamping and conveying assembly moves to the feeding station, the module driving assembly drives the pushing spring assembly, meanwhile, the clamping cylinder pushes the clamping fingers to move towards the direction of the vertical plate of the clamping baffle plate, the waste power batteries in the placing groove are conveyed to the feeding station one by one, and then the pushing spring assembly resets;
according to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion assembly drives the cutting support assembly to move horizontally, the distance between the circular saw and the waste power battery to be cut is adjusted, the clamp motor drives the circular saw blade to rotate, the clamping and conveying assembly drives the waste power battery to be cut on the clamping and conveying assembly to move from the feeding station to the cutting station, the positive and negative electrode heads at two ends of the waste power battery are cut, and the cut positive and negative electrode heads fall into an external waste recovery box;
the clamping and conveying assembly drives the cut waste power battery to move from the cutting station to the separating station, and the separating cylinder drives a separating finger to eject out the battery cell in the cut waste power battery shell; then, the separating cylinder drives the separating fingers to reset, and after the core and the shell are separated, the clamping cylinder of the clamping and conveying assembly retracts to loosen the rest battery shell;
after the clamping cylinder retracts, the clamping and conveying assembly drives the waste power batteries on the clamping and conveying assembly after core-shell separation to move from the separation station to the recovery station, the recovery cylinder drives the recovery push plate to push the shells of the waste power batteries on the clamping baffle 47 on the recovery station to the second recovery storage box, and the recovery cylinder resets; and (5) completing the disassembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the disassembly equipment has simple structure and clear flow, can realize large-scale continuous production, and is suitable for industrial application;
2. the disassembling equipment can realize the disassembly of the waste power batteries with various models, such as square, cylindrical, soft packages and the like, and has good universality;
3. the feeding assembly, the pushing assembly and the limiting assembly in the disassembling equipment of the invention act together to realize orderly and accurate feeding of the waste power batteries at intervals, prevent the short circuit of the waste power batteries in a scattered state and ensure safe and continuous production;
4. the battery clamp for clamping the conveying assembly in the disassembling equipment is flexibly designed, the distance of the clamp can be adjusted according to the size of the battery, and meanwhile, the battery clamp can be provided with two types of clamps, namely a flat-plate type clamp and a V-shaped groove clamp, and is suitable for clamping different types of batteries;
5. the cutting process of the disassembling equipment is positioned at the tail end of the equipment, and the cutting station and the separating station are respectively arranged, so that the battery core package is prevented from being polluted by generated dust chips, and the subsequent recycling and impurity removing processes are simplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a disassembly device for waste batteries of new energy vehicles;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding assembly of the disassembly equipment for new energy automobile power waste batteries;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pushing assembly of the disassembling equipment for new energy automobile power waste batteries;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first cutting assembly of the disassembly equipment for new energy automobile power waste batteries;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cutting assembly of the disassembly equipment for new energy automobile power waste batteries;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a core-shell separation assembly of the disassembly equipment for new energy automobile power waste batteries;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a shell recycling assembly of a disassembly device for new energy automobile power waste batteries.
Reference numerals:
1. feeding assembly 2 and pushing assembly
3. Limiting assembly 4 and clamping and conveying assembly
5. Cutting assembly 6 and core-shell separation assembly
7. Shell recovery assembly 8 and dust collection assembly
9. Tail gas treatment assembly
10. Operation platform 20, support frame body
30. Waste power battery 40 and first recycling storage box
50. Second recovery storage tank
11. Feeding driving assembly 12 and crank connecting rod assembly
13. Material loading supporting component 14, activity finger
15. First material loading shell 16 and second material loading shell
21. Support leg 22, propelling movement backup pad
23. Module driving assembly 24 and connecting bolt
25. Bolt supporting plate 26, pushing spring assembly 27 and placing groove
31. Limiting movement assembly 32 and limiting baffle
41. Clamping conveying motor 42 and coupler
43. Motion support assembly 44, lead screw guide rail assembly
45. Clamping cylinder 46, clamping finger 47 and clamping baffle
51. First cutting assembly 52, second cutting assembly
511. Cutting motion assembly 512 and cutting support assembly
513. Clamp motor 514 and circular saw blade
521. Cutting motion assembly 522 and cutting support assembly
523. Clamp motor 524 and circular saw blade
61. Separation supporting leg 62, separation supporting plate
63. Separation cylinder 64 and separation finger
71. Retrieve supporting leg 72, retrieve backup pad
73. Recovery cylinder 74 and recovery push plate
81. A first dust collector 82 and a second dust collector
91. A first tail gas processor 92 and a second tail gas processor
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a disassembling apparatus for new energy automobile power waste battery, which includes: the device comprises a feeding assembly 1, a pushing assembly 2, a clamping and conveying assembly 4, a cutting assembly 5, a core-shell separating assembly 6, a shell recycling assembly 7, a dust collecting assembly 8, an exhaust gas treatment assembly 9, an operation platform 10, a support frame body 20, a first recycling storage box 40 and a second recycling storage box 50; wherein the cutting assembly 5 comprises: a first cutting assembly 51 and a second cutting assembly 52; the dust collection assembly 8 includes: a first dust collector 81 and a second dust collector 82; the exhaust gas treatment assembly 9 comprises: a first tail gas processor 91 and a second tail gas processor 92;
the operation platform 10 is fixedly connected above the support frame body 20, a clamping and conveying assembly 4 is arranged along the center line of the operation platform 10, and a feeding assembly 1, a pushing assembly 2, a core-shell separating assembly 6, a shell recycling assembly 7, a first cutting assembly 51, a first dust collector 81 and a first tail gas processor 91 are arranged on one side of the clamping and conveying assembly 4; the other side of the clamping and conveying assembly 4 is provided with a limiting assembly 3, a second cutting assembly 52, a second dust collector 82 and a second tail gas processor 92; wherein, the distances among the feeding component 1, the shell recovery component 7 and the core-shell separation component 6 are equal; the spacing distance between the first cutting assembly 51 and the core-shell separation assembly 6 is equal to the spacing distance between the feeding assembly 1 and the shell recovery assembly 7;
the feeding assembly 1 is arranged on the pushing assembly 2, the pushing assembly 2 and the clamping and conveying assembly 4 are vertically arranged, and the limiting assembly 3 and the pushing assembly 2 are symmetrically arranged; the shell recovery component 7 is close to one side of the pushing component 2 and is arranged in parallel with the pushing component 2; the core-shell separation component 6 is close to one side of the shell recovery component 7 and is arranged in parallel with the shell recovery component 7; the first cutting assembly 51 and the second cutting assembly 52 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the clamping and conveying assembly 4, and the first dust collector 81 and the second dust collector 82 are symmetrically distributed at two sides of the clamping and conveying assembly 4 and respectively correspondingly close to the first cutting assembly 51 and the second cutting assembly 52; the first off-gas processor 91 is located between the first cutting assembly 51 and the first dust collector 81, and the second off-gas processor 92 is located between the second cutting assembly 52 and the second dust collector 82; a first recovery storage box 40 and a second recovery storage box 50 are arranged between the limiting component 3 and the second cutting component 52 side by side.
As shown in fig. 1, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 includes a clamping and conveying motor 41, a coupler 42, a movement supporting assembly 43, a lead screw guide rail assembly 44, a clamping cylinder 45 located on the lead screw guide rail assembly 44, and clamping fingers 46 and a clamping baffle 47 connected with the clamping cylinder 45; a feeding station, a cutting station, a separating station and a recovering station are sequentially arranged on the horizontal extension section of the lead screw guide rail assembly 44, and the feeding station, the cutting station, the separating station and the recovering station are all positioned on the operating platform 10; the waste power batteries 30 pushed by the pushing assembly 2 are conveyed to a feeding station, and the shape of a battery clamp composed of clamping fingers 46 and clamping baffles 47 is adjusted according to the types of the disassembled waste power batteries under the driving of the clamping cylinder 45, so that the waste power batteries 30 are used for disassembling different types of waste power batteries.
Specifically, when the square waste power battery 30 is disassembled, the battery clamp is of a flat plate type, the clamping fingers 46 are flat plates with large friction coefficients, and the clamping baffle 47 is an L-shaped flat plate, so as to form a square structure for clamping the square waste power battery 30. When the cylindrical waste power battery 30 is disassembled, the battery clamp is a V-shaped groove, the clamping fingers 46 are adjusted to have a V-shaped groove structure, and the vertical side of the clamping baffle 47 is provided with a V-shaped groove to form a V-shaped structure for clamping the cylindrical waste power battery 30.
Under the drive of a motion mechanism consisting of a clamping and conveying motor 41, a coupler 42, a motion supporting component 43 and a lead screw guide rail component 44, the clamping and conveying component 4 continuously reciprocates at the middle line position, and a feeding station, a cutting station, a separating station and a recovery station are respectively arranged in the motion linear direction.
The width of the battery clamp is smaller than the distance between the positive pole and the negative pole of the waste power battery, namely the vertical height of the waste power battery, so that the positive pole and the negative pole at the two ends of the waste power battery are protruded and suspended, the clamping range of the battery clamp is larger than the width of batteries of all known models, and the depth of the battery clamp is larger than the thickness of the waste power battery.
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding assembly 1 is of a cartridge clip type structure and is used for controlling the blanking of the waste power batteries at regular intervals, that is, the waste power batteries manually stored in the feeding assembly 1 are ejected to the pushing assembly 2 one by one; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the automatic feeding device comprises two feeding driving components 11, two crank connecting rod components 12, two feeding supporting components 13, a plurality of pairs of movable hands 14, a first feeding shell 15 and a second feeding shell 16;
the first feeding shell 15 and the second feeding shell 16 are both in a U-shaped groove structure and are relatively erected on the pushing assembly 2; the outer sides of the first feeding shell 15 and the second feeding shell 16 are respectively provided with a feeding driving component 11, a crank connecting rod component 12 and a feeding supporting component 13, the feeding supporting component 13 is fixed on the outer side of the first feeding shell 15 or the second feeding shell 16, one end of the crank connecting rod component 12 penetrates through the feeding supporting component 13 to be connected with a plurality of pairs of movable hands 14, and the other end of the crank connecting rod component is connected with the feeding driving component 11; a plurality of pairs of movable hands 14 are equally spaced apart on the inside of the first loading housing 15 and on the inside of the second loading housing 16. The top of the feeding assembly 1 composed of the first feeding shell 15 and the second feeding shell 16 is a feeding port for storing a plurality of waste power batteries 30; the lower part is a discharge port for conveying the materials to the pushing component 2 one by one.
Wherein, the movable hand 14 is made of a U-shaped solid smooth material; the feeding driving assembly 11 is used as a driving source, the crank connecting rod assembly 12 and the plurality of pairs of movable hands 14 are synchronously linked and extend, and waste power batteries are orderly dropped onto the pushing assembly 2 at intervals; specifically, the crank link assembly 12 is driven by the feeding driving assembly 11 to stretch and retract a plurality of pairs of movable hands 14 on the inner side of the first feeding shell 15 or the inner side of the second feeding shell 16, that is, the plurality of pairs of movable hands 14 move on the inner side of the first feeding shell or the inner side of the second feeding shell, so as to feed the waste power batteries and convey the waste power batteries to the pushing assembly 2 one by one.
As shown in fig. 3, the pushing assembly 2 is in a spring type pushing and pulling structure, and includes: the device comprises support legs 21, a pushing support plate 22, a module driving assembly 23, a connecting bolt 24, a bolt support plate 25, a pushing spring assembly 26 and a placing groove 27;
the supporting legs 21 are fixed on the operating platform 10, the supporting legs 21 are provided with placing grooves 27, the pushing support plate 22 is fixed on the operating platform 10, the pushing support plate 22 is positioned below the placing grooves 27, one end of the pushing support plate 22 is fixed on the module driving component 23, the connecting bolt 24 and the bolt support plate 25 are installed in the placing grooves 27, the other ends of the bolt support plate 25, the placing grooves 27 and the pushing support plate 22 are fixedly connected through the connecting bolt 24, therefore, the bolt support plate 25 and the module driving component 23 are fixedly connected through the connecting bolt 24, the pushing spring component 26 is arranged on one side of the bolt support plate 25, the module driving component 23 serves as a driving source and drives the pushing spring component 26 to transmit waste power batteries positioned in the placing grooves 27 to the clamping baffle plate 47 of the clamping and transmitting component 4, the clamping cylinder 45 pushes the clamping fingers 46 to move towards the vertical plate direction of, clamping of the battery is completed, and then the push spring assembly 26 is reset;
the pushing spring assembly 26 comprises a plurality of springs and pole plates; a plurality of springs are fixed on the polar plate and are propped against the bolt supporting plate; promote propelling movement spring assembly 26 through module drive assembly 23, realize the flexible of spring to realize on old and useless power battery 30 propelling movement to centre gripping baffle 47, then through the flexible of a plurality of springs, realize propelling movement spring assembly 26's restoration.
The pushing assembly 2 pushes the waste power battery 27 falling onto the placing groove 27 to the clamping baffle 47 in the clamping and conveying assembly 4, and the pushing assembly is provided with a pushing spring assembly consisting of a plurality of springs and polar plates, so that the battery can be pushed accurately in place, and the driving source is prevented from being overloaded. The connecting bolt is installed on the pushing assembly, the screwing-in depth of the connecting bolt can be adjusted, the height of the pushing spring assembly is adjusted, and the pushing of the battery is stable and accurate.
As shown in fig. 1, the limiting assembly 3 includes: a limit motion assembly 31 and a limit baffle 32; the limiting movement assembly 31 is arranged on the operating platform 10 and is opposite to the pushing assembly 2; the limiting baffle 32 is arranged on the limiting movement assembly 31; the limiting baffle 32 is a limiting baffle with a Z-shaped structure, and the limiting baffle 32 is made of an insulator material. Wherein, the width of limit baffle is greater than the width of every old and useless power battery.
Specifically, when the waste power batteries 30 fall into the placing groove 27, the limiting movement assembly 31 serves as a power source for driving the limiting baffle 32 to move to a required position for accurately positioning the waste power batteries. The limiting assembly is used for limiting the positions of the batteries with different sizes, and the accuracy of subsequent cutting is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 4, the first cutting assembly 51 includes: a cutting motion assembly 511, a cutting support assembly 512, a clamp motor 513, and a circular saw blade 514; the cutting motion assembly 511 is arranged on the operation platform 10, a guide rail is arranged on the cutting motion assembly, the cutting support assembly 512 is arranged on the guide rail and can move horizontally, the cutting support assembly 512 is provided with a clamp motor 513, and the rotating end of the clamp motor 513 is provided with a circular saw blade 514;
as shown in fig. 5, the second cutting assembly 52 includes: a cutting motion assembly 521, a cutting support assembly 522, a clamp motor 523, and a circular saw blade 524; the cutting motion assembly 521 is mounted on the operation platform 10, a guide rail is arranged on the cutting motion assembly, the cutting support assembly 522 is mounted on the guide rail and can move horizontally, a clamp motor 523 is arranged on the cutting support assembly 522, and a circular saw blade 524 is mounted at the rotating end of the clamp motor 523;
according to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion assembly 511 serves as a power source to drive the cutting support assembly 512 to horizontally move, the distance between the circular saw 514 and the waste power battery to be cut is adjusted, the clamp motor 513 drives the circular saw blade 514 to rotate, when the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery to be cut on the clamping and conveying assembly 4 to move to a cutting station on the clamping and conveying assembly 4, the waste power battery to be cut is cut, the cutting of the positive and negative electrode heads at the two ends of the waste power battery is gradually completed, and the cut positive and negative electrode heads fall into an external waste discharge recycling bin.
The structure of the first cutting assembly 51 is the same as that of the second cutting assembly 52; the first cutting assembly 51 and the second cutting assembly 52 are both flexibly arranged, the cutting distance can be adjusted according to the shape and the size of the battery, and the sawing of the anode and cathode heads of the waste power battery can be realized. The both sides of centre gripping conveying assembly 4 distribute a pair of symmetrical arrangement's anchor clamps motor 513 and circular saw piece 514, just two circular saw piece intervals are adjustable, are applicable to the cutting of the old and useless power battery of different model sizes.
As shown in fig. 6, the core-shell separating assembly 6 includes: a plurality of separation support legs 61, separation support plates 62, separation cylinders 63, and separation fingers 64; the plurality of separating supporting legs 61 are fixedly arranged on the operating platform 10, separating supporting plates 62 are arranged on the separating supporting legs 61, separating cylinders 63 are arranged on the separating supporting plates 62, and separating fingers 64 are arranged at the tail ends of telescopic rods of the separating cylinders 63.
When the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery cut by the cutting assembly to move to the separation station on the clamping and conveying assembly 4, the separation cylinder 63 drives the separation finger 64 to eject out the battery core in the cut waste power battery shell, and the battery core is conveyed into the second recovery storage box 50 for the subsequent precious metal extraction and recovery process; then, the separating cylinder 63 drives the separating finger 64 to reset, and after the core-shell separation is completed, the clamping cylinder 45 of the clamping and conveying assembly 4 retracts to release the rest of the battery shell.
The separating fingers 64 are in a regular frustum shape or a cylindrical structure; specifically, when a square waste power battery is separated, the separating finger 64 is in a shape of a regular frustum and is used for directly ejecting out a battery core in a shell of the waste power battery; when the cylindrical waste power battery is separated, the separating finger 64 is cylindrical and has a diameter smaller than that of the cylindrical battery, and is used for directly ejecting out the battery core in the shell of the waste power battery.
The core-shell separation assembly 6 can separate the cut waste power battery core from the shell. The core-shell separation assembly 6 ejects the electric core of the waste power battery from the interior of the shell, and the separation fingers 64 are separated by the corresponding separation fingers in the shape of a regular frustum pyramid or a cylinder according to the shape of the disassembled battery.
As shown in fig. 7, the housing recovery assembly 7 is used for pushing the housing of the waste power battery to the second recovery storage tank 50. The housing recovery assembly 7 comprises: a plurality of recovery support legs 71, a recovery support plate 72, a recovery cylinder 73 and a recovery push plate 74; the recovery support leg 71 is fixedly arranged on the operation platform 10, a recovery support plate 72 is arranged on the recovery support plate 72, a recovery cylinder 73 is arranged on the recovery support plate 72, and a recovery push plate 74 is arranged at the tail end of an expansion rod of the recovery cylinder 73.
After the clamping cylinder 45 retracts, when the clamping conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power batteries subjected to core-shell separation on the clamping conveying assembly to move to the recovery station on the clamping conveying assembly, the recovery cylinder 73 drives the recovery push plate 74, the recovery push plate 74 pushes the shells of the waste power batteries on the clamping baffle plates 47 on the recovery station to the second recovery storage box 50 under the driving of the recovery cylinder 73, and the recovery cylinder 73 resets.
Wherein, the recovery push plate 74 is a T-shaped structure composed of a round push plate and a cylinder; wherein, the cylinder is fixed on the circle push pedal, and the diameter of circle push pedal is greater than the diameter of cylinder.
The first dust collector 81 and the second dust collector 82 are used for recovering dust debris generated by cutting the positive and negative electrode heads of the waste power batteries; both are dust collection boxes; wherein the size of the dust box is determined by the size of the circular saw blade, and specifically, the width and height of the dust box are set according to the diameter and center height of the circular saw blade.
The first exhaust gas processor 91 and the second exhaust gas processor 92 are both used for collecting dust splashed around the circular saw blade during cutting, ester organic matters volatilized during cutting of the battery and HF/PF5 gas possibly generated, and discharging the dust and the gas after green treatment.
Based on the disassembling equipment for the new energy automobile power waste battery, the invention also provides a disassembling method for the new energy automobile power waste battery, which comprises the following steps:
manually storing the waste power batteries 30 into the feeding assembly 1, driving the crank connecting rod assembly 12 to stretch the movable hands 14 through the feeding driving assembly 11, and dropping the waste power batteries 30 dropped from the discharge port of the feeding assembly 1 into the placing groove 27 one by one;
when the clamping and conveying assembly 4 moves to the feeding station, the module driving assembly 23 drives the pushing spring assembly 26, meanwhile, the clamping cylinder 45 pushes the clamping fingers 46 to move towards the vertical plate direction of the clamping baffle plate 47, the waste power batteries 30 located in the placing groove 27 are conveyed to the feeding station one by one, and then the pushing spring assembly 26 resets;
according to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion assembly 51 drives the cutting support assembly 52 to move horizontally, the distance between the circular saw 514 and the waste power battery to be cut is adjusted, the clamp motor 53 drives the circular saw blade 514 to rotate, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery to be cut on the circular saw blade to move from the feeding station to the cutting station, the positive and negative poles at the two ends of the waste power battery are cut, and the cut positive and negative poles drop into a waste recycling box (not shown);
the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the cut waste power battery to move from the cutting station to the separating station, and the separating cylinder 63 drives the separating finger 64 to eject out the battery cell in the cut waste power battery shell; then, the separating cylinder 63 drives the separating finger 64 to reset, and after the core-shell separation is completed, the clamping cylinder 45 of the clamping and conveying assembly 4 retracts to loosen the rest of the battery shell;
after the clamping cylinder 45 retracts, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power batteries on the clamping and conveying assembly to move from the separating station to the recycling station after core-shell separation, the recycling cylinder 73 drives the recycling push plate 74 to push shells of the waste power batteries on the clamping baffle 47 on the recycling station to the second recycling storage box 50, and the recycling cylinder 73 resets; and the clamping and conveying assembly 4 is reset to the starting point to finish the disassembly.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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| CN201910649377.2A CN112242576B (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2019-07-18 | Disassembling equipment and method for waste power batteries of new energy automobile |
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| CN201910649377.2A CN112242576B (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2019-07-18 | Disassembling equipment and method for waste power batteries of new energy automobile |
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| CN114433601A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-06 | 创富再生资源(成都)有限公司 | Automatic disassembling device for new energy automobile power battery |
| CN114749463A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-15 | 中南大学 | A rapid recovery device and recovery method of nickel and cobalt elements in ternary battery materials |
| CN115986252A (en) * | 2023-01-14 | 2023-04-18 | 合肥工业大学 | A device for separating shells and inner cores of scrapped power batteries |
| CN116259873A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-06-13 | 安徽绿沃循环能源科技有限公司 | battery dismantling equipment |
| CN117117375A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-24 | 湖南宏工智能科技有限公司 | Battery recycling equipment |
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| CN118712556A (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2024-09-27 | 山东卓奥锂业科技有限公司 | A waste battery recycling system |
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| CN114433601A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-06 | 创富再生资源(成都)有限公司 | Automatic disassembling device for new energy automobile power battery |
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| CN118023916A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-14 | 三峡大学 | Disassembling device and method for opening-adjustable turbine |
| WO2025200111A1 (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2025-10-02 | 南京迷你汽车科技有限公司 | New energy waste battery disassembling device and disassembling method thereof |
| CN118663661A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-09-20 | 广东威玛新材料股份有限公司 | Automatic disassembling device for waste power lithium battery |
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