CN112242576B - Disassembling equipment and method for waste power batteries of new energy automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling equipment, and in particular relates to a dismantling equipment used for power waste batteries of new energy vehicles. A clamping and conveying assembly (4) is arranged at the position of the center line, and a feeding assembly (1), a pushing assembly (2), a core-shell separation assembly (6), and a shell recovery assembly (7) are arranged on one side of the clamping and conveying assembly (4). , the first cutting assembly (51), the first dust collector (81) and the first exhaust gas processor (91); the other side of the limiting assembly (3), the second cutting assembly (52), the second dust collector (82) and a second exhaust gas processor (92); the dismantling equipment of the present invention integrates feeding, material pushing and conveying, positioning and clamping, shell cutting, core shell separation, and material recovery, and realizes the Safe and efficient dismantling and recycling of waste power battery shells; simple structure and high degree of automation.

Description

A kind of dismantling equipment and method for new energy vehicle waste power battery

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle power waste battery resource recovery equipment and battery reuse, and particularly relates to a dismantling device and method for new energy vehicle power waste batteries.

Background technique

At present, the new energy vehicle industry has entered a period of rapid development, and the output and sales volume have grown rapidly. With the first batch of new energy vehicles on the road for 8 years, my country is about to usher in a "small peak" of power battery retirement. Power batteries have multiple attributes of resources, environment and safety: from a safety perspective, improper disposal of used power batteries may lead to hidden dangers such as electric shock, short-circuit explosion and hydrogen fluoride corrosion; from an environmental perspective, there are heavy metal pollution such as nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese and electrolyte and other organic pollution, there may be dust, waste gas, waste water and waste residue pollution in the recycling process; from the perspective of resources, it contains key resources such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and rare earth (nickel-metal hydride batteries). The recycling of used power batteries is imperative.

At present, the recycling of used power batteries is mainly based on manual dismantling and extensive crushing and pretreatment. The above-mentioned existing dismantling devices have defects such as difficulty in dismantling, low level of automation, heavy secondary pollution, and low comprehensive resource recovery efficiency. When the power battery is manually disassembled or extensively broken, short-circuit and fire are easily caused, a large amount of organic waste gas is generated, and the separation is not complete. An automatic dismantling device, which safely removes the cells in the power battery, provides convenient conditions for the recovery and utilization of precious metal resources, and provides support for the sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is, in order to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the existing method of cleaning lithium battery discharge, the present invention proposes a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste battery, which is provided with The clamping and conveying assembly for transporting waste power batteries in a straight line, the left and right sides of the clamping and conveying assembly are respectively provided with a feeding assembly, a shell recovery assembly, a core-shell separation assembly, a cutting assembly and a limit assembly. The waste power battery is transferred into the special fixture of the clamping and conveying assembly through the feeding assembly, and the two ends of the waste power battery are suspended in the air. In this way, the shell disassembly of the waste power battery of new energy vehicles is realized; the dismantling equipment integrating feeding, pushing and conveying, positioning and clamping, shell cutting, core shell separation, and material recovery realizes the safety and efficiency of the shell of the waste power battery. Dismantling and recycling treatment; the dismantling equipment of the present invention is suitable for processing batteries of various shapes and specifications such as square, cylinder, soft pack, etc., with high efficiency, and can be operated in batches. The exhaust gas purification technology makes the whole process clean and pollution-free, suitable for Industrial application, simple equipment structure and high degree of automation.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste batteries, which includes: a feeding assembly, a pushing assembly, a clamping and conveying assembly, a cutting assembly, a core-shell separation assembly, and a shell recovery assembly , dust collection assembly, exhaust gas treatment assembly, operation platform, support frame, first recovery storage box and second recovery storage box;

Wherein, the cutting assembly includes: a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly; the dust collecting assembly includes: a first dust collector and a second dust collector; the exhaust gas treatment assembly includes: a first exhaust gas processor and The second exhaust gas processor;

The operation platform is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame body, and a clamping and conveying assembly is arranged along the center line of the operation platform. One side of the clamping and conveying assembly is provided with a feeding assembly, a pushing assembly, a core shell separation assembly, a shell recovery assembly, a first cutting assembly, a first dust collector and a first exhaust gas processor; the other side of the clamping and conveying assembly has a limiting assembly, a second cutting assembly, a second dust collector and a second exhaust gas processor;

The feeding component is installed on the pushing component, and the pushing component and the clamping and conveying component are placed vertically, and the limiting component and the pushing component are placed symmetrically; the shell recovery component is close to one side of the pushing component and is placed in parallel with the pushing component; the core shell is separated The assembly is close to one side of the casing recovery assembly and is placed in parallel with the casing recovery assembly; the first cutting assembly and the second cutting assembly are placed symmetrically on both sides of the clamping and conveying assembly, and the first dust collector and the second dust collector are symmetrically distributed On both sides of the clamping and conveying assembly, and are respectively close to the first cutting assembly and the second cutting assembly; the first exhaust gas processor is located between the first cutting assembly and the first dust collector, and the second exhaust gas processor is located in the second between the cutting assembly and the second dust collector; between the limiting assembly and the second cutting assembly, a first recovery storage box and a second recovery storage box are arranged side by side.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the clamping and conveying assembly includes a clamping and conveying motor, a coupling, a motion support assembly, a screw guide rail assembly, and a clamping cylinder located on the screw guide rail assembly, which are connected in sequence. , and the clamping fingers and clamping baffles connected to the clamping cylinder; the horizontal extension of the screw guide assembly is provided with a feeding station, a cutting station, a separation station and a recycling station, and the feeding station , cutting station, separation station and recycling station are all located on the operating platform.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the feeding assembly is in a clip-type structure, which specifically includes: two feeding driving assemblies, two crank connecting rod assemblies, two feeding supporting assemblies, several pairs of movable hands, The first feeding shell and the second feeding shell;

Both the first feeding shell and the second feeding shell have a U-shaped groove structure, and they stand relatively vertically on the push component; the outer side of the first feeding shell and the outer side of the second feeding shell are respectively Install the feeding drive assembly, the crank connecting rod assembly and the feeding supporting assembly. The feeding supporting assembly is fixed on the outside of the first feeding housing or the second feeding casing, and one end of the crank connecting rod assembly passes through the feeding supporting assembly. It is connected with several pairs of movable hands, and the other end of the movable hands is connected with the feeding drive assembly; several pairs of movable hands are equally spaced on the inner side of the first feeding shell and the inner side of the second feeding shell. Among them, the top of the feeding assembly composed of the first feeding shell and the second feeding shell is the feeding port, which is used for storing waste power batteries;

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the push assembly is a spring-type push-pull structure, which includes: a support leg, a push support plate, a module drive assembly, a connecting bolt, a bolt support plate, a push spring assembly and a placement slot;

The support leg is fixed on the operation platform, and there is a placement slot on the support leg. The push support plate is fixed on the operation platform, and the push support plate is located under the placement slot. One end of the push support plate is fixed to the module drive assembly, and the connecting bolts and bolts The plate is installed in the placement slot, and the bolt support plate, the placement slot, and the other end of the push support plate are fixedly connected by connecting bolts, so that the bolt support plate and the module drive assembly are connected and fixed by connecting bolts, and the push spring assembly is located in the On one side of the bolt support plate, the module drive assembly acts as the drive source to drive the push spring assembly to transfer the waste power battery located in the placement slot to the clamp baffle plate of the clamp transmission assembly, and the clamp cylinder pushes the clamp finger to the direction. The vertical plate direction of the clamping baffle plate is moved to complete the clamping of the battery, and then the spring assembly is pushed back to reset;

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the limit component includes: a limit motion component and a limit baffle;

The limit movement component is installed on the operating platform and is placed opposite to the push component; the limit baffle plate is installed on the limit movement component.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the limit baffle is a limit baffle with a Z-shaped structure, and the limit baffle is made of an insulator material. Wherein, the width of the limit baffle is greater than the width of each used power battery.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the first cutting assembly includes: a cutting motion assembly, a cutting support assembly, a clamp motor and a circular saw blade; the cutting motion assembly is installed on the operating platform, and a guide rail is provided on the cutting support assembly. Installed on the guide rail, it can move horizontally, a clamp motor is arranged on the cutting support assembly, and a circular saw blade is installed on the rotating end of the clamp motor.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the core-shell separation assembly includes: a plurality of separation support legs, a separation support plate, a separation cylinder and a separation finger;

The plurality of separation support legs are fixed on the operating platform, and a separation support plate is arranged on the separation support legs, a separation cylinder is arranged on the separation support plate, and a separation finger is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod of the separation cylinder.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the separating fingers have a regular pyramid shape or a cylindrical structure.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the casing recovery assembly includes: a plurality of recovery support legs, a recovery support plate, a recovery cylinder and a recovery push plate; the recovery support legs are fixed on the operating platform, and a recovery support plate is arranged on it, A recovery cylinder is arranged on the recovery support plate, and a recovery push plate is installed at the end of the telescopic rod of the recovery cylinder.

After the clamping cylinder is retracted, the clamping and conveying assembly drives the waste power battery separated by the core shell on it to move to the recycling station on the clamping and conveying assembly, the recycling cylinder drives the recycling push plate, and the recycling push plate is in the recycling cylinder. Under the driving of the recycle station, the shell of the waste power battery located on the clamping baffle 47 on the recycling station is pushed to the second recycling storage box, and the recycling cylinder is reset.

Wherein, the recovery push plate is a T-shaped structure composed of a circular push plate and a cylinder; wherein, the cylinder is fixed on the circular push plate, and the diameter of the circular push plate is larger than that of the cylinder.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the first dust collector and the second dust collector are both used to recover dust and debris generated from cutting the positive and negative terminals of used power batteries; both are dust collection boxes; The size of the dust collecting box is determined by the size of the circular saw blade. Specifically, the width and height of the dust collecting box are set according to the diameter and center height of the circular saw blade.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the first exhaust gas processor and the second exhaust gas processor are both used to collect the dust splashed around the circular saw blade when cutting and the ester organics volatilized when cutting the battery and the possible generated HF/PF5 gas, the above dust and gas are discharged after green treatment.

Based on the dismantling equipment for the used power batteries of new energy vehicles, the present invention also provides a method for dismantling used power batteries of new energy vehicles, the method comprising:

Manually store the waste power batteries in the feeding assembly, and drive the crank connecting rod assembly through the feeding drive assembly to realize the expansion and contraction of multiple pairs of movable hands, and drop the waste power batteries from the discharge port of the feeding assembly into place one by one. in the groove;

When the clamping conveying assembly moves to the feeding station, the module drive assembly drives the push spring assembly, and at the same time the clamping cylinder pushes the clamping fingers to move in the direction of the vertical plate of the clamping baffle, and removes the waste power batteries located in the placing slot one by one. Transfer to the feeding station, and then push the spring assembly to reset;

According to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion component drives the cutting support component to move horizontally, adjusts the distance between the circular saw and the waste power battery to be cut, the clamp motor drives the circular saw blade to rotate, and clamps the transmission component Drive the waste power battery to be cut on it to move from the feeding station to the cutting station, cut the positive and negative heads at both ends of the waste power battery, and drop the positive and negative heads after the cutting into the external waste recycling box;

The clamping and conveying assembly drives the cut waste power battery on it to move from the cutting station to the separation station, and the separation cylinder drives the separation finger to push out the cells in the cut waste power battery shell; then, the separation cylinder drives The separation finger is reset, and after the separation of the core shell is completed, the clamping cylinder of the clamping transmission assembly retracts to release the remaining battery shell;

After the clamping cylinder is retracted, the clamping conveying assembly drives the waste power battery separated by the core shell on it to move from the separation station to the recycling station, and the recycling cylinder drives the recycling push plate to clamp the waste power battery on the recycling station. The shell of the used power battery on the baffle plate 47 is pushed to the second recycling storage box, and the recycling cylinder is reset; the dismantling is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The dismantling equipment of the present invention has a simple structure and clear flow, can realize large-scale continuous production, and is suitable for industrial application;

2. The dismantling device of the present invention can realize the dismantling of various types of waste power batteries such as square, cylinder, soft pack, etc., and has good versatility;

3. The feeding component, the pushing component and the limiting component in the dismantling equipment of the present invention work together to realize the orderly and accurate feeding of the waste power battery at intervals, prevent the waste power battery from short-circuiting in a scattered state, and ensure safe and continuous production;

4. The battery clamp for clamping the transmission assembly in the dismantling device of the present invention has a flexible design, and the distance between the clamps can be adjusted according to the size of the battery. At the same time, there are two clamp types: flat plate type and V-shaped groove, which are suitable for clamping different types of batteries. ;

5. The cutting process of the dismantling equipment of the present invention is located at the end of the equipment, and is provided with a cutting station and a separation station respectively, so as to avoid the generated dust and debris from polluting the battery core pack and simplify the subsequent recovery and impurity removal process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of dismantling equipment used for new energy vehicle power waste battery of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging assembly of a dismantling equipment for new energy vehicle power waste batteries according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a push assembly of a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste batteries according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first cutting assembly of a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste batteries according to the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cutting assembly of a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste batteries according to the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a core-shell separation assembly of a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste batteries according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a shell recovery assembly of a dismantling device for a new energy vehicle power waste battery according to the present invention.

Reference number:

1. Feeding component 2. Pushing component

3. Limiting components 4. Clamping transmission components

5. Cutting components 6. Core shell separation components

7. Shell recovery component 8. Dust collection component

9. Exhaust gas treatment components

10. Operating platform 20. Support frame

30. Used power battery 40. The first recycling storage box

50. Second recycling storage box

11. Feeding drive assembly 12. Crank connecting rod assembly

13. Feeding support assembly 14. Active fingers

15. The first feeding shell 16. The second feeding shell

21. Supporting legs 22. Pushing the support plate

23. Module drive assembly 24. Connecting bolts

25. Bolt support plate 26. Push spring assembly 27. Placement slot

31. Limit movement components 32. Limit baffle

41. Clamping transmission motor 42. Coupling

43. Motion support assembly 44. Screw guide assembly

45. Clamping cylinder 46. Clamping fingers 47. Clamping baffle

51. The first cutting assembly 52. The second cutting assembly

511. Cutting motion assembly 512. Cutting support assembly

513, fixture motor 514, circular saw blade

521, cutting motion assembly 522, cutting support assembly

523, clamp motor 524, circular saw blade

61. Separate support legs 62. Separate support plates

63. Separate cylinder 64. Separate fingers

71. Recycle support legs 72. Recycle support plates

73. Recycling cylinder 74. Recycling push plate

81. The first dust collector 82. The second dust collector

91. The first exhaust gas processor 92. The second exhaust gas processor

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention proposes a dismantling device for new energy vehicle power waste batteries, which includes: a feeding assembly 1, a pushing assembly 2, a clamping and conveying assembly 4, a cutting assembly 5, and a core-shell separation Assembly 6, shell recovery assembly 7, dust collection assembly 8, exhaust gas treatment assembly 9, operation platform 10, support frame 20, first recovery storage box 40 and second recovery storage box 50; wherein, the cutting assembly 5 includes: The first cutting assembly 51 and the second cutting assembly 52; the dust collecting assembly 8 includes: a first dust collector 81 and a second dust collector 82; the exhaust gas treatment assembly 9 includes: a first exhaust gas processor 91 and a second Two exhaust gas processors 92;

The operation platform 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame body 20, and a clamping and conveying assembly 4 is arranged along the centerline of the operation platform 10. One side of the clamping and conveying assembly 4 is provided with a feeding assembly 1, a pushing assembly 2, and a core shell. Separation assembly 6, shell recovery assembly 7, first cutting assembly 51, first dust collector 81 and first exhaust gas processor 91; the other side of clamping and conveying assembly 4 is provided with limiting assembly 3, second cutting assembly 52, The second dust collector 82 and the second exhaust gas processor 92; the distances between the feeding assembly 1, the shell recovery assembly 7, and the core shell separation assembly 6 are equal; the first cutting assembly 51 and the core shell separation assembly 6 The separation distance between is equal to the separation distance between the feeding assembly 1 and the shell recovery assembly 7;

The feeding assembly 1 is installed on the pushing assembly 2, and the pushing assembly 2 and the clamping and conveying assembly 4 are placed vertically, and the limiting assembly 3 and the pushing assembly 2 are placed symmetrically; The push assembly 2 is placed in parallel; the core shell separation assembly 6 is close to one side of the shell recovery assembly 7, and is placed in parallel with the shell recovery assembly 7; The first dust collector 81 and the second dust collector 82 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the clamping and conveying assembly 4, and are respectively close to the first cutting assembly 51 and the second cutting assembly 52; the first exhaust gas processor 91 is located at Between the first cutting assembly 51 and the first dust collector 81 , the second exhaust gas processor 92 is located between the second cutting assembly 52 and the second dust collector 82 ; A first recovery storage box 40 and a second recovery storage box 50 are arranged side by side.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the clamping transmission assembly 4 includes a clamping transmission motor 41 , a coupling 42 , a motion support assembly 43 , a screw guide rail assembly 44 , and a screw guide rail assembly 44 , which are connected in sequence. The clamping cylinder 45, the clamping fingers 46 and the clamping baffle 47 connected to the clamping cylinder 45; and the horizontal extension of the screw guide rail assembly 44 are sequentially provided with a feeding station, a cutting station, and a separation station and recycling station, and the feeding station, cutting station, separation station and recycling station are all located on the operating platform 10; the waste power battery 30 pushed by the push assembly 2 is transferred to the feeding station, and the clamping cylinder 45 The shape of the battery clamp composed of the clamping fingers 46 and the clamping baffle 47 is adjusted according to the battery type of the used power battery to be dismantled under the driving of the battery, so as to be used for the dismantling of different types of used power batteries.

Specifically, when the square waste power battery 30 is disassembled, the battery clamp is a flat plate type, the clamping finger 46 is a flat plate with a large friction coefficient, and the clamping baffle 47 is an L-shaped flat plate, forming a square structure for clamping Holding square used power battery 30. When disassembling the cylindrical waste power battery 30, the battery clamp is a V-shaped groove, the clamping fingers 46 are adjusted to have a V-shaped groove structure, and the vertical side of the clamping baffle 47 has a V-shaped groove, forming a V-shaped groove The structure is used to hold the cylindrical waste power battery 30 .

Driven by the motion mechanism composed of the clamping and conveying motor 41, the coupling 42, the motion support assembly 43, and the screw guide assembly 44, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 continuously reciprocates at the midline position, and is set in the linear direction of its movement. There are feeding station, cutting station, separation station and recycling station.

Among them, the width of the battery clamp is smaller than the distance between the positive and negative electrodes of the waste power battery, that is, the vertical height of the waste power battery, so that the positive and negative heads at both ends of the waste power battery protrude and hang in the air, and the clamping range of the battery clamp is larger than all known models. The width of the battery, the depth of the battery clamp is greater than the thickness of the used power battery.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the loading assembly 1 has a clip-type structure, which is used to control the orderly blanking of waste power batteries, that is, the waste power batteries manually stored in the loading assembly 1 are bounced to the push assembly one by one. 2; it specifically includes: two feeding drive assemblies 11, two crank connecting rod assemblies 12, two feeding supporting assemblies 13, several pairs of movable hands 14, a first feeding casing 15 and a second feeding casing 16;

The first feeding shell 15 and the second feeding shell 16 are both U-shaped groove structures, and they stand relatively vertically on the push assembly 2; the first feeding shell 15 and the second feeding shell 16 The outer side of the feeding drive assembly 11, the crank connecting rod assembly 12 and the feeding supporting assembly 13 are respectively installed, and the feeding supporting assembly 13 is fixed on the outer side of the first feeding shell 15 or the second feeding shell 16. One end of the assembly 12 is connected to several pairs of movable hands 14 through the feeding support assembly 13, and the other end of the assembly 12 is connected to the feeding driving assembly 11; The inner side of the second feeding shell 16 . Wherein, the top of the feeding assembly 1 composed of the first feeding shell 15 and the second feeding shell 16 is the feeding port for storing a plurality of waste power batteries 30; the lower part is the feeding port, which is used for Delivered to push component 2 one by one.

The movable hand 14 is made of U-shaped solid and smooth material; the feeding drive assembly 11 is used as a driving source, and the crank connecting rod assembly 12 is synchronized with several pairs of movable hands 14 to expand and contract, and the used power batteries are dropped in an orderly manner. On the push assembly 2; specifically, the crank connecting rod assembly 12 is driven by the feeding drive assembly 11 to realize the expansion and contraction of multiple pairs of movable hands 14 on the inner side of the first feeding casing 15 or the inner side of the second feeding casing 16, namely A plurality of pairs of movable hands 14 move on the inner side of the first feeding shell or the inner side of the second feeding shell, and are used for feeding waste power batteries and transferring the waste power batteries to the push assembly 2 one by one.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the push assembly 2 is a spring-type push-pull structure, which includes: support legs 21, push support plates 22, module drive assemblies 23, connecting bolts 24, bolt support plates 25, push spring assemblies 26 and slot 27;

The support leg 21 is fixed on the operation platform 10, the support leg 21 is provided with a placement groove 27, the push support plate 22 is fixed on the operation platform 10, and the push support plate 22 is located under the placement groove 27, and one end of the push support plate 22 is fixed to the mold Set the drive assembly 23, the connecting bolts 24 and the bolt support plate 25 are installed in the placement groove 27, and the bolt support plate 25, the placement groove 27, and the other end of the push support plate 22 are fixedly connected through the connecting bolts 24, so as to realize the bolt support The plate 25 and the module drive assembly 23 are connected and fixed by connecting bolts 24. The push spring assembly 26 is arranged on one side of the bolt support plate 25. The module drive assembly 23 is used as a driving source to drive the push spring assembly 26, which will be located in the placement slot 27. The waste power battery is transferred to the clamping baffle 47 of the clamping and conveying assembly 4, and the clamping cylinder 45 pushes the clamping fingers 46 to move in the direction of the vertical plate of the clamping baffle 47 to complete the clamping of the battery, and then push the spring assembly 26 reset;

The push spring assembly 26 includes a number of springs and a pole plate; a number of springs are fixed on the pole plate, and a number of springs are pressed against the bolt support plate; the push spring assembly 26 is pushed through the module drive assembly 23 to realize the expansion and contraction of the spring, thereby realizing waste power The battery 30 is pushed onto the clamping baffle 47, and then the push spring assembly 26 is reset through the expansion and contraction of several springs.

Wherein, the push assembly 2 pushes the waste power battery 27 falling on the placement slot 27 to the clamping baffle plate 47 in the clamping transmission assembly 4, which has a push spring assembly composed of several springs and pole plates, which can ensure The battery is pushed in place accurately to avoid overloading the drive source. A connecting bolt is installed on the push assembly, and the screw-in depth of the connecting bolt can be adjusted to adjust the height of the push spring assembly to ensure that the battery is pushed smoothly and accurately.

The waste power battery 30 dropped from the discharge port of the loading assembly 1 falls into the placement slot 27. When the clamping and conveying assembly 4 moves to the loading station, the push spring assembly 26 pushes the waste power battery 30 in the placement slot 27. To the clamping baffle 47, the push spring assembly 26 is a pole plate compression spring type structure. When pushing the used power battery, it not only ensures the battery is in place, but also does not damage the driving source. By adjusting the limit nut on the connecting bolt 24 position and height, and then adjust the height of the push-fixing assembly 23.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the limiting component 3 includes: a limiting motion component 31 and a limiting baffle plate 32 ; the limiting motion component 31 is installed on the operating platform 10 and is placed opposite the push component 2 ; The baffle 32 is installed on the limit movement assembly 31 ; the limit baffle 32 is a limit baffle with a Z-shaped structure, and the limit baffle 32 is made of an insulator material. Wherein, the width of the limit baffle is greater than the width of each used power battery.

Specifically, when the waste power battery 30 falls into the placing slot 27 , the limit movement assembly 31 acts as a power source for driving the limit baffle 32 to move to a desired position for precise positioning of the waste power battery. The limiting component is used for position limitation of batteries of different sizes, so as to ensure the accuracy of subsequent cutting.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the first cutting assembly 51 includes: a cutting motion assembly 511 , a cutting support assembly 512 , a clamp motor 513 and a circular saw blade 514 ; the cutting motion assembly 511 is installed on the operation platform 10 , which is provided with a guide rail , the cutting support assembly 512 is installed on the guide rail to realize horizontal movement, the cutting support assembly 512 is provided with a clamp motor 513, and the rotating end of the clamp motor 513 is installed with a circular saw blade 514;

As shown in FIG. 5 , the second cutting assembly 52 includes: a cutting motion assembly 521 , a cutting support assembly 522 , a clamp motor 523 and a circular saw blade 524 ; the cutting motion assembly 521 is installed on the operation platform 10 , which is provided with a guide rail , the cutting support assembly 522 is installed on the guide rail to realize horizontal movement, the cutting support assembly 522 is provided with a clamp motor 523, and the rotating end of the clamp motor 523 is installed with a circular saw blade 524;

According to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion component 511 is used as a power source to drive the cutting support component 512 to move horizontally, adjust the distance between the circular saw 514 and the waste power battery to be cut, and the clamp motor 513 drives the circular When the saw blade 514 rotates, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery to be cut on it to move to the cutting station on the clamping and conveying assembly 4, and the waste power battery to be cut is cut, and the waste power battery to be cut is gradually completed. The positive and negative heads at both ends of the power battery are cut, and the cut positive and negative heads are dropped into the external waste recycling box.

The structure of the first cutting assembly 51 is the same as that of the second cutting assembly 52; both the first cutting assembly 51 and the second cutting assembly 52 are flexible, and the cutting distance can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the battery, which can realize positive and negative use of waste power batteries. Pole sawing. A pair of symmetrically arranged clamp motors 513 and circular saw blades 514 are distributed on both sides of the clamping and conveying assembly 4, and the distance between the two circular saw blades is adjustable, which is suitable for cutting waste power batteries of different sizes.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the core-shell separation assembly 6 includes: a plurality of separation support legs 61 , a separation support plate 62 , a separation cylinder 63 and a separation finger 64 ; the plurality of separation support legs 61 are fixed on the operation platform 10 and are separated A separation support plate 62 is arranged on the support leg 61 , a separation cylinder 63 is arranged on the separation support plate 62 , and a separation finger 64 is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod of the separation cylinder 63 .

When the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery cut by the cutting assembly on it to move to the separation station on the clamping and conveying assembly 4, the separation cylinder 63 drives the separation finger 64 to remove the electricity in the cut waste power battery casing. The core is ejected and sent to the second recovery storage box 50 for the subsequent precious metal extraction and recovery process; then, the separation cylinder 63 drives the separation finger 64 to reset, and after the separation of the core and shell is completed, the clamping transmission assembly 4 is clamped. The cylinder 45 retracts to release the remaining battery housing.

The separating finger 64 is in the shape of a regular prism or a cylindrical structure; specifically, when separating the square waste power battery, the separating finger 64 is in the shape of a regular prism, and is used to directly push out the cells in the shell of the waste power battery; When separating the cylindrical waste power battery, the separation fingers 64 are cylindrical with a diameter smaller than the cylindrical battery, and are used to directly push out the battery cells in the waste power battery casing.

The core-shell separation assembly 6 can separate the cut waste power battery cells from the shell. The core-shell separation assembly 6 pushes out the spent power battery cells from the inside of the casing. The separation fingers 64 use corresponding regular prism-shaped or cylindrical-shaped separation fingers for separation according to the shape of the disassembled battery.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the casing recycling assembly 7 is used to push the casing of the used power battery to the second recycling storage box 50 . The casing recovery assembly 7 includes: a plurality of recovery support legs 71, a recovery support plate 72, a recovery cylinder 73 and a recovery push plate 74; the recovery support legs 71 are fixed on the operation platform 10, and a recovery support plate 72 is provided on the recovery support plate 72 for recovery. A recovery cylinder 73 is provided on the support plate 72 , and a recovery push plate 74 is installed at the end of the telescopic rod of the recovery cylinder 73 .

After the clamping cylinder 45 is retracted, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery after the core shell separation thereon to move to the recycling station on the clamping and conveying assembly, the recycling cylinder 73 drives the recycling push plate 74, and the recycling pusher Driven by the recycling cylinder 73, the plate 74 pushes the shell of the waste power battery on the clamping baffle plate 47 at the recycling station to the second recycling storage box 50, and the recycling cylinder 73 is reset.

The recovery push plate 74 is a T-shaped structure composed of a circular push plate and a cylinder; wherein the cylinder is fixed on the circular push plate, and the diameter of the circular push plate is larger than the diameter of the cylinder.

The first dust collector 81 and the second dust collector 82 are both used to recover dust and debris generated from cutting the positive and negative terminals of used power batteries; both are dust collection boxes; The size is determined by the size of the circular saw blade, specifically, the width and height of the dust box are set according to the diameter and center height of the circular saw blade.

The first exhaust gas processor 91 and the second exhaust gas processor 92 are both used to collect the dust splashed around the circular saw blade when cutting and the ester organics and the HF/PF5 gas that may be generated when cutting the battery. Dust and gas are discharged after green treatment.

Based on the dismantling equipment for the used power batteries of new energy vehicles, the present invention also provides a method for dismantling used power batteries of new energy vehicles, the method comprising:

The waste power battery 30 is manually stored in the feeding assembly 1, and the crank connecting rod assembly 12 is driven by the feeding driving assembly 11 to realize the expansion and contraction of multiple pairs of movable hands 14, and one by one, the discharge port of the feeding assembly 1 is dropped. The waste power battery 30 falls into the placement slot 27;

When the clamping conveying assembly 4 moves to the feeding station, the module driving assembly 23 drives the pushing spring assembly 26, and at the same time, the clamping cylinder 45 pushes the clamping fingers 46 to move in the direction of the vertical plate of the clamping baffle plate 47, which will be located in the placing slot. The waste power batteries 30 in 27 are transferred to the feeding station one by one, and then the spring assembly 26 is pushed to reset;

According to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion component 51 drives the cutting support component 52 to move horizontally, adjusts the distance between the circular saw 514 and the waste power battery to be cut, and the clamp motor 53 drives the circular saw blade 514 to rotate , the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery to be cut on it to move from the feeding station to the cutting station, and cuts the positive and negative heads at both ends of the waste power battery, and the cut positive and negative heads fall to the waste. in a recycling bin (not shown);

The clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the cut waste power battery on it to move from the cutting station to the separation station, and the separation cylinder 63 drives the separation finger 64 to push out the cells in the cut waste power battery casing; then, The separation cylinder 63 drives the separation finger 64 to reset, and after the separation of the core shell is completed, the clamping cylinder 45 of the clamping transmission assembly 4 retracts to release the remaining battery casing;

After the clamping cylinder 45 is retracted, the clamping and conveying assembly 4 drives the waste power battery after the core shell separation on it to move from the separation station to the recovery station, and the recovery cylinder 73 drives the recovery push plate 74, which will be located in the recovery station. The shell of the waste power battery on the clamping baffle 47 is pushed to the second recycling storage box 50, and the recycling cylinder 73 is reset; the clamping and conveying assembly 4 is reset to the starting point, and the dismantling is completed.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions of the present invention will not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the present invention. within the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A dismantling device for used power batteries of new energy vehicles, characterized in that it comprises: a feeding assembly (1), a pushing assembly (2), a clamping and conveying assembly (4), a cutting assembly (5) , core shell separation assembly (6), shell recovery assembly (7), dust collection assembly (8), exhaust gas treatment assembly (9), operation platform (10), support frame body (20), first recovery storage box (40) ) and a second recovery storage box (50); Wherein, the cutting assembly (5) includes: a first cutting assembly (51) and a second cutting assembly (52); the dust collecting assembly (8) includes: a first dust collector (81) and a second dust collector device (82); the exhaust gas treatment assembly (9) includes: a first exhaust gas processor (91) and a second exhaust gas processor (92); The operation platform (10) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame body (20), a clamping and conveying assembly (4) is arranged along the centerline of the operation platform (10), and one side of the clamping and conveying assembly (4) is provided with an upper material assembly (1), push assembly (2), core shell separation assembly (6), shell recovery assembly (7), first cutting assembly (51), first dust collector (81) and first exhaust gas processor ( 91); clamping the other side of the conveying assembly (4), the limiting assembly (3), the second cutting assembly (52), the second dust collector (82) and the second exhaust gas processor (92); The feeding assembly (1) is installed on the pushing assembly (2), the pushing assembly (2) and the clamping and conveying assembly (4) are placed vertically, and the limiting assembly (3) is placed symmetrically with the pushing assembly (2); the casing is recovered The component (7) is close to the side of the push component (2) and is placed in parallel with the push component (2); the core shell separation component (6) is close to the side of the shell recovery component (7), and is parallel to the shell recovery component (7) Placed in parallel; the first cutting assembly (51) and the second cutting assembly (52) are placed symmetrically on both sides of the clamping and conveying assembly (4), and the first dust collector (81) and the second dust collector (82) are symmetrical Distributed on both sides of the clamping and conveying assembly (4), and are respectively close to the first cutting assembly (51) and the second cutting assembly (52); the first exhaust gas processor (91) is located at the first cutting assembly (51) and the second cutting assembly (52). Between the first dust collector (81), the second exhaust gas processor (92) is located between the second cutting assembly (52) and the second dust collector (82); the limiting assembly (3) and the second A first recovery storage box (40) and a second recovery storage box (50) are arranged side by side between the cutting assemblies (52); The feeding assembly (1) has a clip-type structure, and specifically includes: two feeding driving assemblies (11), two crank connecting rod assemblies (12), two feeding supporting assemblies (13), several pairs of a movable hand (14), a first feeding shell (15) and a second feeding shell (16); Both the first feeding shell (15) and the second feeding shell (16) are in the form of a U-shaped groove, and they stand relatively vertically on the push assembly (2); the first feeding shell (15) The outer side of the second feeding housing (16) are respectively installed with the feeding driving assembly (11), the crank connecting rod assembly (12) and the feeding supporting assembly (13), and the feeding supporting assembly (13) is fixed on the One end of the crank connecting rod assembly (12) is connected to a plurality of pairs of movable hands (14) through the feeding support assembly (13) on the outer side of the first feeding shell (15) or the second feeding shell (16). The other end is connected to the feeding drive assembly (11); several pairs of movable hands (14) are equally spaced on the inner side of the first feeding casing (15) and the inner side of the second feeding casing (16); The push assembly (2) has a spring-type push-pull structure, and includes: a support leg (21), a push support plate (22), a module drive assembly (23), a connecting bolt (24), a bolt support plate (25), Push the spring assembly (26) and the placement slot (27); The support leg (21) is fixed on the operation platform (10), the support leg (21) is provided with a placement groove (27), the push support plate (22) is fixed on the operation platform (10), and the push support plate (22) Under the placement slot (27), push one end of the support plate (22) to fix the module drive assembly (23). 24), the bolt support plate (25), the placement groove (27), and the other end of the push support plate (22) are fixedly connected; the push spring assembly (26) is arranged on one side of the bolt support plate (25), and the module The drive assembly (23) is used as a drive source to drive the push spring assembly (26) to transfer the waste power battery (30) located in the placement slot (27) to the clamping baffle plate (47) of the clamping and conveying assembly (4). , the clamping cylinder (45) pushes the clamping fingers (46) to move in the direction of the vertical plate of the clamping baffle (47) to complete the clamping of the waste power battery (30), and then pushes the spring assembly (26) to reset. 2 . The dismantling device according to claim 1 , wherein the clamping and conveying assembly ( 4 ) comprises a clamping and conveying motor ( 41 ), a coupling ( 42 ), a motion support assembly ( 43), the screw guide rail assembly (44), the clamping cylinder (45) located on the screw guide rail assembly (44), and the clamping fingers (46) and the clamping stopper connected to the clamping cylinder (45) The plate (47); the horizontal extension of the screw guide rail assembly (44) is provided with a feeding station, a cutting station, a separation station and a recycling station, and the feeding station, cutting station, separation station and The recycling stations are all located on the operating platform (10). 3. The dismantling device according to claim 1, wherein the limiting assembly (3) comprises: a limiting motion assembly (31) and a limiting baffle plate (32); The limit movement assembly (31) is installed on the operation platform (10) and is placed opposite to the push assembly (2); the limit baffle plate (32) is installed on the limit movement assembly (31). 4 . The dismantling device according to claim 3 , wherein the limiting baffle ( 32 ) is a limiting baffle having a Z-shaped structure, and the limiting baffle ( 32 ) is made of an insulator material. 5 . into; wherein, the width of the limit baffle plate is greater than the width of each used power battery. 5. The dismantling device according to claim 1, wherein the first cutting assembly (51) comprises: a cutting motion assembly (511), a cutting support assembly (512), a clamp motor (513) and a circular saw Sheet (514); the cutting motion assembly (511) is installed on the operating platform (10), and a guide rail is provided on it, and the cutting support assembly (512) is installed on the guide rail to realize horizontal movement, and the cutting support assembly (512) is mounted on the guide rail. A clamp motor (513) is provided, and a circular saw blade (514) is installed on the rotating end of the clamp motor (513). 6. The dismantling device according to claim 1, wherein the core shell separation assembly (6) comprises: a plurality of separation support legs (61), a separation support plate (62), a separation cylinder (63) and a separation finger(64); The plurality of separation support legs (61) are fixed on the operating platform (10), a separation support plate (62) is arranged on the separation support legs (61), and a separation cylinder (63) is arranged on the separation support plate (62) to separate Separating fingers (64) are provided at the end of the telescopic rod of the air cylinder (63). 7. The dismantling device according to claim 1, wherein the casing recovery assembly (7) comprises: a plurality of recovery support legs (71), a recovery support plate (72), a recovery cylinder (73) and a recovery pusher plate (74); the recovery support leg (71) is fixed on the operating platform (10), a recovery support plate (72) is arranged on the recovery support plate (72), a recovery cylinder (73) is arranged on the recovery support plate (72), and the recovery cylinder (73) A recovery push plate (74) is installed at the end of the telescopic rod of ); After the gripping cylinder (45) is retracted, the gripping and conveying assembly (4) drives the waste power battery on which the core shell has been separated to move to the recycling station on the gripping and conveying assembly, the recycling cylinder (73) drives the recycling A push plate (74) pushes the shell of the waste power battery located on the clamping baffle plate (47) on the recovery station to the second recovery storage box (50), and the recovery cylinder (73) is reset; Wherein, the recovery push plate (74) is a T-shaped structure composed of a circular push plate and a cylinder; wherein, the cylinder is fixed on the circular push plate, and the diameter of the circular push plate is larger than that of the cylinder. 8. A method for dismantling used power batteries for new energy vehicles, the method is implemented according to the dismantling equipment for used power batteries for new energy vehicles according to any one of the above claims 1-7, characterized in that , the method includes: The waste power battery (30) is manually stored in the feeding assembly (1), and the crank connecting rod assembly (12) is driven by the feeding driving assembly (11) to realize the expansion and contraction of multiple pairs of movable hands (14). The waste power battery (30) dropped from the discharge port of the material assembly (1) falls into the placing slot (27); When the clamping conveying assembly (4) moves to the feeding station, the module driving assembly (23) drives the pushing spring assembly (26), and at the same time the clamping cylinder (45) pushes the clamping fingers (46) towards the clamping baffle (26). 47) move in the vertical direction of the plate, and transfer the waste power batteries (30) located in the placing slot (27) to the feeding station one by one, and then push the spring assembly (26) to reset; According to the size of the waste power battery to be cut, the cutting motion component (511) drives the cutting support component (512) to move horizontally, and adjusts the distance between the circular saw blade (514) and the waste power battery to be cut, and the clamp motor ( 513) Drive the circular saw blade (514) to rotate, the clamping and conveying assembly (4) drives the waste power battery to be cut on it to move from the feeding station to the cutting station, and cuts the positive and negative heads of the waste power battery at both ends , the cut positive and negative heads fall into the external waste recycling box; The clamping and conveying assembly (4) drives the cut waste power battery on it to move from the cutting station to the separation station, and the separation cylinder (63) drives the separation finger (64) to remove the electricity in the cut waste power battery casing. The core is ejected into the first recovery storage box (40); then, the separation cylinder (63) drives the separation finger (64) to reset, and after the separation of the core shell is completed, the clamping cylinder (45) of the clamping transmission assembly (4) retracts Unscrew the remaining battery casing; After the clamping cylinder (45) is retracted, the clamping and conveying assembly (4) drives the waste power battery after the core shell separation thereon to move from the separation station to the recovery station, and the recovery cylinder (73) drives the recovery push plate ( 74), push the shell of the waste power battery on the clamping baffle (47) on the recovery station to the second recovery storage box (50), and reset the recovery cylinder (73); complete dismantling.

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