CN113737726B - Concrete Face Dam Expansion Joint Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a concrete panel dam expansion joint structure which comprises an expansion joint body and a protective structure, wherein a reserved groove is formed at the top end of the expansion joint body; protective structure includes by lower supreme foam stick that connects gradually, the plastic sealing layer, polyurethane foam layer and waterproof surface course, the foam stick inlays and locates this internal and adjacent preformed groove of expansion joint, polyurethane foam layer is made by hydrophobic polyurethane, polyurethane foam layer upwards extends the expansion joint body and covers to the notch edge of preformed groove, and polyurethane foam layer's surface is the face of cylinder, waterproof surface course cladding is in polyurethane foam layer's outside, and waterproof surface course's both ends orientation is kept away from each other direction level and is extended formation plane connecting portion, plane connecting portion bond with the base plate is sealed. The concrete panel dam expansion joint structure has the advantages of small deformation stress, high reliability and long service life, and the water storage rate of the inner space of the concrete panel dam expansion joint structure is low, so that the concrete panel dam expansion joint structure is not frozen in winter.

Description

Concrete Face Dam Expansion Joint Structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic dams, in particular to a concrete face dam expansion joint structure.

Background technique

In concrete face dams, the expansion joint structure is the main part of water leakage, and the seepage water will erode the dam foundation and become a collapse disease, affecting the safe and stable operation of the power station dam. During the operation of the dam, the expansion joints in the concrete face dam are mainly used to eliminate the "thermal expansion and contraction" of the dam face. Therefore, the expansion joint is an important part of the waterproof and anti-seepage system of the concrete face dam, and its water-stop effect is of great significance to the safe operation of the face dam.

At present, the expansion joints of concrete face dams generally adopt bottom water stop and top water stop. Among them, the bottom water stop is a W-shaped copper water stop at the bottom of the expansion joint body, and the top water stop is a V-shaped groove at the top of the expansion joint. And bury hollow rubber rods at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, the surface of the hollow rubber rods is filled with SR fillers, the upper part of the SR fillers is covered with anti-seepage cover sheets, and the two sides of the anti-seepage cover sheets are respectively fixed to the concrete face of the dam with expansion bolts superior. During the operation of the dam in winter, due to the cold weather, the traditional expansion joints will freeze after absorbing water, which will cause the deformation of the dam, generate greater stress, and the anti-seepage cover sheet will break or separate from the concrete bonding surface.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a concrete face dam expansion joint structure with low water absorption rate, no water retention, no freezing of the foam layer, low tensile stress performance, long service life of the protective structure and adaptability to cold climate.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a concrete face dam expansion joint structure, which comprises:

An expansion joint body formed between two adjacent base plates of the concrete face dam, a reserved groove is formed at the top of the expansion joint body;

The protective structure includes a foam rod, a plastic sealing layer, a polyurethane foam layer and a waterproof surface layer sequentially connected from bottom to top, the foam rod is embedded in the expansion joint body and adjacent to the reserved groove, the polyurethane The foam layer is made of hydrophobic polyurethane, the polyurethane foam layer extends upwards out of the expansion joint body and covers the notch edge of the reserved groove, and the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer is a cylindrical surface, the The waterproof surface layer is wrapped on the outside of the polyurethane foam layer, and the two ends of the waterproof surface layer extend horizontally in a direction away from each other to form a plane connection part, and the plane connection part is sealed and bonded to the substrate.

The concrete face dam expansion joint structure as described above, wherein the waterproof surface layer includes a primer layer and a composite polyurea layer stacked on the primer layer, the primer layer and the polyurethane foam layer and The substrates are hermetically connected.

The above-mentioned concrete face dam expansion joint structure, wherein, the composite polyurea layer comprises at least two polyurea layers stacked on top of each other and a grid cloth layer sandwiched between two adjacent polyurea layers.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam mentioned above, wherein, the length of the plane connection part is 50mm-400mm.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam mentioned above, wherein the thickness of the waterproof surface layer is 2 mm to 6 mm.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam mentioned above, wherein the water storage rate of the polyurethane foam layer is less than or equal to 4%.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam above, wherein the water absorption of the hydrophobic polyurethane is less than 3%.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam as described above, wherein the polyurethane foam layer is a polyurethane foam layer with an open cell structure, the open cell ratio of the polyurethane foam layer is greater than or equal to 90%, and the open cell structure The average pore diameter is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

The above-mentioned expansion joint structure of concrete face dam, wherein, the distance from the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer to the bottom end of the reserved groove is 5 to 30 times the width of the expansion joint body.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam mentioned above, wherein, the section of the reserved groove is in the shape of a cone with a large top and a small bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution has the following advantages:

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention, by using hydrophobic polyurethane to make the polyurethane foam layer, reduces the water content in the protective structure, and is not easy to store water, avoids the phenomenon of internal icing in the protective structure in winter, and maintains the protective structure in winter. High deformation and low stress, so it has the advantages of anti-freeze cracking and anti-stripping, and is more suitable for cold climates;

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention not only effectively restricts the polyurethane foam layer on the substrate by bonding the planar connection part of the waterproof surface layer to the substrate, but also avoids the use of easily damaged fasteners for connection. Cracking or tearing occurs at the overlapping parts, thus effectively prolonging the service life of the protective structure;

In the expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention, the outer surface of the protective structure is a smooth and flat structure. Such a structure can reduce water retention, has a good anti-seepage effect, and can provide better protection for plastic seals, and the elastic surface Reduces the adhesion of ice, and has good anti-ice pulling performance when used in winter;

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention increases the connection strength between the two adjacent polyurea layers through the grid cloth layer, reduces the deformation stress, and makes the connection between the two adjacent polyurea layers difficult Cracking occurs, thereby ensuring the service life of the composite polyurea layer.

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. in:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of concrete face dam expansion joint structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the waterproof surface layer in the expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the polyurethane foam layer in the expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam shown in Fig. 1 .

Explanation of reference numbers:

1. Base plate; 11. Expansion joint body; 111. Reserved groove;

2. Protective structure;

21. Foam stick;

22. Plastic sealing layer;

23. Polyurethane foam layer;

24. Waterproof surface layer; 241. Primer coat; 242. Composite polyurea layer; 2421. Polyurea layer; 2422. Grid cloth layer.

detailed description

The present application will be further described in detail through the accompanying drawings and embodiments below. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more specific.

The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or better than other embodiments. While various aspects of the embodiments are shown in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a concrete face dam expansion joint structure, which is suitable for cold climates. The concrete face dam expansion joint structure includes an expansion joint body 11 and a protective structure 2, and the expansion joint body 11 is formed on the concrete face plate. Between two adjacent base plates 1 of the dam, the specific formation method of the expansion joint body 11 is the prior art, and will not be repeated here, wherein:

The top of the expansion joint body 11 is formed with a reserved groove 111, the reserved groove 111 can guide the articles entering the expansion joint body 11, so as to stuff the articles into the expansion joint body 11;

The protective structure 2 includes a foam rod 21, a plastic sealing layer 22, a polyurethane foam layer 23 and a waterproof surface layer 24 connected sequentially from bottom to top;

Specifically, the foam rod 21 is embedded in the expansion joint body 11 after compression and is adjacent to the reserved groove 111, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the foam rod 21 is closely connected to the wall surface of the expansion joint body 11, and the foam rod 21 defines the following. It is used in the space of the waterproof and seepage-proof structure, and can act as a barrier to avoid the failure of the expansion joint body 11 due to other substances flowing into the expansion joint body 11 through the gap between the foam rod 21 and the expansion joint body 11 situation occurs;

The plastic sealing layer 22 can play a waterproof role, and the plastic sealing layer 22 is filled between the foam rod 21 and the polyurethane foam layer 23. Specifically, the bottom surface of the plastic sealing layer 22 is closely attached to the top outer peripheral surface of the foam rod 21. The top surface of the sealing layer 22 extends into the reserved groove 111, and the outer peripheral surface of the plastic sealing layer 22 is closely connected with the wall surface of the expansion joint body 11 and the inner surface of the reserved groove 111, so that water cannot pass through the plastic sealing layer 22 Enter the expansion joint body 11;

The polyurethane foam layer 23 is made of hydrophobic polyurethane, which makes the polyurethane foam layer 23 hydrophobic, and has the advantages of low stress, large deformation and moisture intrusion. When freezing in winter, the hydrophobic performance of the polyurethane foam reduces the protection The water content in the structure 2 prevents internal icing, so that when the expansion joint body 11 is deformed in winter, a small deformation stress is generated to prevent the waterproof surface layer 24 from detaching from the substrate 1; the bottom surface of the polyurethane foam layer 23 is tight Fitted and connected to the top surface of the plastic sealing layer 22, the top surface of the polyurethane foam layer 23 extends upwards out of the expansion joint body 11 and covers the notch edge of the reserved groove 111, and the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 23 is a cylindrical surface, That is to say, the upper part of the polyurethane foam layer 23 protrudes from the expansion joint body 11 to form a columnar structure with equal cross-section, and the section of the columnar structure is arcuate, the bow-shaped chord is connected with the plastic sealing layer 22, and the arcuate arc is connected with the waterproof surface layer 24 Connected, the columnar structure can synchronously adjust the amount left in the reserved groove 111 when the expansion joint body 11 changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, that is, when the expansion joint body 11 thermally expands, a part of the columnar structure enters the reserved groove 111, when the expansion joint body 11 is cold-shrinking, a part of the columnar structure can be squeezed out of the reserved groove 111, so that the space in the reserved groove 111 can always be filled by the polyurethane foam layer 23;

The waterproof surface layer 24 is coated on the outside of the polyurethane foam layer 23, and the two ends of the waterproof surface layer 24 extend horizontally toward the direction away from each other to form a plane connection portion, that is, the two ends of the waterproof surface layer 24 respectively form a plane connection portion, and the plane The connection part is sealed and bonded to the substrate 1, that is, the columnar structure is limited on the substrate 1 by the waterproof surface layer 24, so as to ensure that the columnar structure can change with the change of the expansion joint body 11, and the waterproof surface layer 24 is coated on the outside of the columnar structure The surface forms the outermost layer of the protective structure 2, so that the outer surface of the protective structure 2 is a smooth, flat and elastic structure. Such a structure can reduce "ice adhesion" in winter and prevent water level changes from dragging the waterproof surface layer 24 , in addition, the planar connection part and the base plate 1 are bonded, without using easily damaged fasteners, which effectively prolongs the service life of the protective structure 2 .

Wherein, the distance between the foam rod 21 and the bottom end of the reserved groove 111 is 3 mm to 35 mm, preferably, the distance between the foam rod 21 and the bottom end of the reserved groove 111 is 5 mm, so as to ensure that the protective structure 2 can Play a good protective effect.

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention reduces the water content in the protective structure 2 by setting the hydrophobic polyurethane foam layer 23, avoids internal icing of the protective structure in winter, and keeps high deformation in winter and low deformation Stress, which has the advantages of anti-freeze cracking and anti-peeling; by bonding the planar connection part of the waterproof surface layer 24 to the substrate 1, the polyurethane foam layer 23 can be effectively limited on the substrate 1, and it is easy to use. The cracking or tearing of the overlapping parts caused by the connection of the damaged fasteners effectively prolongs the service life of the protective structure 2 .

In one example of the present invention, the cross section of the reserved groove 111 is conical with a large top and a small bottom. Play a better guiding role, so that the protective structure 2 can enter the expansion joint body 11 smoothly.

Certainly, the reserved groove 111 may also be a rectangular groove or a polygonal groove, which will not be repeated here.

Further, the length L of the annular connection portion is 50 mm to 400 mm. Preferably, the length of the annular connection portion is 150 mm to 250 mm, so that there is sufficient connection strength between the annular connection portion and the substrate 1. During specific construction, it can be determined according to The size of the expansion joint body 11 and the temperature of the external environment determine the length of the annular connection portion.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , the waterproof surface layer 24 includes a primer layer 241 and a composite polyurea layer 242 stacked on the primer layer 241 , and the primer layer 241 is sealed and bonded to the polyurethane foam layer 23 and the substrate 1 .

Specifically, the primer layer 241 is an epoxy resin layer, which has better bonding performance between the epoxy resin and the concrete, and can ensure the reliability of the connection between the waterproof surface layer 24 and the substrate 1. Of course, the primer layer 241 Any other existing material capable of achieving bonding to concrete may also be used.

Further, as shown in Figure 2, the composite polyurea layer 242 comprises at least two layers of stacked polyurea layers 2421 and a mesh cloth layer 2422 sandwiched between two adjacent layers of polyurea layers 2421, the mesh cloth layer It can support the upper polyurea layer 2421, and the mesh cloth layer 2422 can increase the connection strength between the adjacent two polyurea layers 2421, so that the connection between the adjacent two polyurea layers 2421 It is not easy to crack, thereby ensuring the service life of the composite polyurea layer 242 .

Specifically, the composite polyurea layer 242 includes two to four polyurea layers 2421 and one to three mesh layers 2422, preferably, the composite polyurea layer 242 includes three polyurea layers 2421 and two mesh layers 2422, which can meet the usage requirements.

Certainly, the waterproof surface layer 24 may also include a primer layer 241 and a multi-layer polyurea layer 2421 stacked on the primer layer 241 .

Further, the thickness of the waterproof surface layer 24 is 2 mm to 6 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the waterproof surface layer 24 is 4 mm to 5 mm. Such a thickness can not only ensure that the polyurethane foam layer 23 plays a position-limiting role, but also prevent the load-bearing On the one hand, the burden on the substrate 1 is increased.

Further, the water storage rate of the polyurethane foam layer 23 is less than or equal to 4%, preferably, the water storage rate of the polyurethane foam layer 23 is less than or equal to 1%, so that the water content in the protective structure 2 can be greatly reduced to prevent internal Freezing phenomenon, so as to play an effective anti-freeze cracking effect.

Further, the water absorption of the hydrophobic polyurethane is less than 3%, so as to ensure that the polyurethane foam layer 23 has the advantage of low water content, so that the expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam has the advantage of low water absorption.

Further, as shown in Figure 3, the polyurethane foam layer 23 is a polyurethane foam layer 23 with an open cell structure, and the open cell ratio of the polyurethane foam layer 23 is greater than or equal to 90%, preferably, the open cell ratio of the polyurethane foam layer 23 Greater than or equal to 95%, the open cell structure makes the polyurethane foam layer 23 have a certain degree of elasticity, so that it is easier to change with the change of the expansion joint body 11, so as to ensure that the plastic sealing layer can be separated from the outside world through the polyurethane foam layer 23; further , the average pore diameter of the open-cell structure is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. Preferably, the pore diameter of the open-cell structure is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Such a pore diameter can make the polyurethane foam layer 23 have a certain degree of elasticity and ensure that the polyurethane foam layer 23 has a certain elasticity. The foam layer 23 is not easy to store water, which avoids the phenomenon of freezing due to the accumulation of more water in the holes.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the distance r from the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 23 to the bottom end of the reserved groove 111 is 5 to 30 times the width d of the expansion joint body 11. Preferably, the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer 23 The distance r to the bottom of the reserved groove 111 is 10 to 20 times the width d of the expansion joint body 11 to ensure that the polyurethane foam layer 23 has enough margin to change with the expansion joint body 11 .

In summary, the expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention, by using hydrophobic polyurethane to make the polyurethane foam layer, reduces the water content in the protective structure, avoids the phenomenon of internal icing in the protective structure in winter, and keeps the High deformation and low stress, so it has the advantages of anti-freeze cracking and anti-stripping, and is more suitable for cold climates;

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention not only effectively restricts the polyurethane foam layer on the substrate by bonding the planar connection part of the waterproof surface layer to the substrate, but also avoids the use of easily damaged fasteners for connection. Cracking or tearing occurs at the overlapping parts, thus effectively prolonging the service life of the protective structure;

In the expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention, the outer surface of the protective structure is a smooth and flat structure. Such a structure can reduce water retention, has a good anti-seepage effect, and can provide better protection for plastic seals, and the elastic surface Reduces the adhesion of ice, and has good anti-ice pulling performance when used in winter;

The expansion joint structure of the concrete face dam of the present invention increases the connection strength between the two adjacent polyurea layers through the grid cloth layer, reduces the deformation stress, and makes the connection between the two adjacent polyurea layers difficult Cracking occurs, thereby ensuring the service life of the composite polyurea layer.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship in the working state of the application, only It is for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.

The present application has been described above in conjunction with preferred implementations, but these implementations are only exemplary and serve as illustrations only. On this basis, various replacements and improvements can be made to the present application, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a concrete panel dam expansion joint structure, its characterized in that, concrete panel dam expansion joint structure includes:

the expansion joint body is formed between two adjacent substrates of the concrete panel dam, and a reserved groove is formed at the top end of the expansion joint body;

the protective structure comprises a foam rod, a plastic sealing layer, a polyurethane foam layer and a waterproof surface layer which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, wherein the foam rod is embedded in the expansion joint body and is adjacent to the reserved groove, the polyurethane foam layer is made of hydrophobic polyurethane, the polyurethane foam layer extends upwards out of the expansion joint body and covers the edge of the notch of the reserved groove, the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer is a cylindrical surface, the waterproof surface layer is coated outside the polyurethane foam layer, two ends of the waterproof surface layer horizontally extend towards directions far away from each other to form a plane connecting part, and the plane connecting part is in sealing and bonding with the substrate; wherein,

the water storage rate of the polyurethane foam layer is less than or equal to 4%, and the water absorption rate of the hydrophobic polyurethane is less than 3%;

the polyurethane foam layer is a polyurethane foam layer with an open cell structure, the open cell ratio of the polyurethane foam layer is greater than or equal to 90%, and the average pore diameter of the open cell structure is 0.1-0.5 mm;

the distance between the outer surface of the polyurethane foam layer and the bottom end of the reserved groove is 5-30 times of the width of the expansion joint body.

2. The concrete panel dam expansion joint structure of claim 1, wherein the waterproof surface layer includes a primer layer and a composite polyurea layer stacked on the primer layer, the primer layer being sealingly connected with the polyurethane foam layer and the base plate.

3. The concrete panel dam expansion joint structure of claim 2, wherein the composite polyurea layer comprises at least two superimposed polyurea layers and a scrim layer sandwiched between two adjacent polyurea layers.

4. The concrete panel dam expansion joint structure of claim 1, wherein the length of the planar connection portion is 50mm to 400mm.

5. The concrete face dam expansion joint structure of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the waterproof facing layer is 2mm to 6mm.

6. The concrete panel dam expansion joint structure of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cross section of the reserve groove is tapered with a large top and a small bottom.

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