CN114683097A - Ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for rolling body of cylindrical roller bearing - Google Patents
Ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for rolling body of cylindrical roller bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114683097A CN114683097A CN202210223452.0A CN202210223452A CN114683097A CN 114683097 A CN114683097 A CN 114683097A CN 202210223452 A CN202210223452 A CN 202210223452A CN 114683097 A CN114683097 A CN 114683097A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/06—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
- B24B31/064—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers the workpieces being fitted on a support
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
- B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种圆柱滚子轴承滚动体超声强化加工系统和方法。本发明的圆柱滚子轴承滚动体超声强化加工系统包括机架、转轮机构、驱动机构和超声振动机构，在机架上设有用于放置研磨料的密闭空腔，转轮机构设置在密闭空腔中，转轮机构包括固件轮，在固件轮上沿周向开设有多个用于固定工件的卡槽，驱动机构通过转轮机构带动工件公转并在加工状态下自转一周以上，超声振动机构使密闭空腔中的研磨料发生振动以冲击卡槽中的工件。本发明的超声强化加工系统和方法加工效率高，加工效果稳定可靠且高质高效，能够在工件表面加工出高质量的塑变强化层，有利于改善滚子轴承的润滑状况，为滚动轴承承载力的提升提供了技术保障。
The invention provides a system and method for ultrasonic strengthening processing of cylindrical roller bearing rolling bodies. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body of the present invention includes a frame, a runner mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism. The frame is provided with a closed cavity for placing abrasives, and the runner mechanism is arranged in the closed cavity. In the cavity, the runner mechanism includes a fixing wheel, and a plurality of slots for fixing the workpiece are opened on the fixing wheel along the circumferential direction. The abrasive in the closed cavity is vibrated to impact the workpiece in the groove. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method of the present invention has high processing efficiency, stable and reliable processing effect, high quality and high efficiency, and can process a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer on the surface of the workpiece, which is beneficial to improve the lubrication condition of the roller bearing and is the bearing capacity of the rolling bearing. The improvement provides technical support.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface strengthening processing of metal workpieces, in particular to an ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for a rolling body of a cylindrical roller bearing.
Background
The roller bearing belongs to one of rolling bearings, is one of components widely applied in modern machinery, and has the advantages of small moment required by starting, high rotation precision, convenience in selection and the like. The roller bearing is used as a large bearing and is widely applied to various industrial fields. As an industrial core basic component, the development of the roller bearing is gradually developing towards a direction of large load and high precision, and under such a background, improving the rigidity, strength and service life of the bearing component gradually becomes an important research proposition.
The roller bearing rolling element is easy to generate plastic deformation and pitting failure, and in order to improve the bearing capacity and the service life of the roller bearing, a one-step strengthening process is usually required after the roller is processed. At present, most of the strengthening methods are roller strengthening, and the roller rolls, so that a roller body in a barrel falls off by gravity to produce impact plastic deformation strengthening. The technical method is simple and low in cost, but has the following defects: 1) the processing efficiency is low, the processing time of a batch of rolling elements usually exceeds ten hours, the processing period is long, and the increasing efficiency requirement cannot be met; 2) the processing precision is low, and due to the fact that the processing process is random and uncontrollable, the falling angle, the falling height, the frequency and the like of the rolling body are uncontrollable, the processed quality is uneven, and the rolling body can be used only by re-screening and grouping; 3) the processing defects are many, the rolling body rolls and rubs in the barrel, the surface is easy to scratch and damage, and meanwhile, the end face of the rolling body is easy to generate plastic deformation in the falling process, so that the bearing capacity of the rolling body is reduced.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for a rolling body of a cylindrical roller bearing, which have the advantages of high processing efficiency, stable and reliable processing effect, high quality and high efficiency and can process a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer on the surface of a workpiece.
The invention provides an ultrasonic strengthening processing system for a rolling body of a cylindrical roller bearing, which comprises a rack, a rotating wheel mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein a closed cavity for placing abrasive is arranged on the rack, the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged in the closed cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism comprises a firmware wheel, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing workpieces are formed in the firmware wheel along the circumferential direction, the driving mechanism drives the workpieces to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle under a processing state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism enables the abrasive in the closed cavity to vibrate to impact the workpieces in the clamping grooves.
Furthermore, the rotating wheel mechanism further comprises a friction wheel, the fixing wheel is coaxially sleeved outside the friction wheel, the workpiece is in friction contact with the friction wheel when being placed in the clamping groove, and the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds so as to drive the workpiece to revolve and rotate.
Further, the friction wheel comprises a rigid wheel and a soft friction layer arranged on the surface of the rigid wheel; wherein, the material of rigid wheel is rigid plastics or metal, and the material of soft frictional layer is butadiene styrene rubber.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism drives the firmware wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds through the planetary gear mechanism; the friction wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driving part of the planetary gear mechanism, and the fixed wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driven part of the planetary gear mechanism.
Furthermore, the closed cavity is funnel-shaped, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the closed cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged at the top of the closed cavity, the main shaft of the driving mechanism is fixed on the rack, and the rotating wheel mechanism is connected with the main shaft of the driving mechanism.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing also comprises a loading and unloading device for automatically loading and unloading the workpiece.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic strengthening processing method of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling element, and the ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling element is adopted to carry out ultrasonic strengthening processing on a workpiece.
Specifically, the ultrasonic strengthening processing method for the rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing comprises the following steps:
s1: after a plurality of workpieces are respectively placed in each clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, the rotating wheel mechanism is fastened on a main shaft of the driving mechanism;
s2: starting a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism drives the workpiece to revolve through a rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a machining state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism enables the abrasive in the closed cavity to vibrate to impact the workpiece fixed in the clamping groove;
s3: and after the workpiece revolves for one circle, stopping the driving mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism and discharging.
Further, the grinding material comprises hard balls, grinding powder and grinding fluid according to the mass ratio (14-16): (0.8-1.2): (0.5-1.0); wherein, the hard ball is a single-size ceramic ball or steel ball with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder is single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding fluid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of phosphate amine salt compound, 3-5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-0.8% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
Further, the firmware wheel is controlled to rotate in a first direction at an angular velocity ω 1, the friction wheel rotates in the first direction at an angular velocity ω 2, and the workpiece rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction at an angular velocity ω 3.
The implementation of the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the ultrasonic strengthening processing system and the ultrasonic strengthening processing method adopt an ultrasonic processing technology, and utilize ultrasonic mechanical vibration to drive the strengthened grinding material to impact the workpiece at a high speed, so that the stable, reliable, high-quality and high-efficiency strengthening processing effect is realized, and meanwhile, a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer can be processed on the surface of the workpiece;
2. the ultrasonic strengthening processing system and the ultrasonic strengthening processing method can simultaneously fix a plurality of workpieces through the rotating wheel mechanism, so that the plurality of workpieces can be strengthened; in addition, the ultrasonic processing technology has strong impact force and high impact frequency, so that the processing efficiency is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional roller type, and meanwhile, the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate can be effectively improved by benefiting from the ultrasonic processing technology;
3. the ultrasonic strengthening processing system is provided with the closed cavity for placing the abrasive, and the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged in the closed cavity, so that the processing surface of the workpiece is controlled to be sprayed, the controllability of the strengthening quality is enhanced, the damage rate is further reduced, the non-processing surface of which the end surface needs to ensure the flatness can be prevented from being damaged, and the bearing performance of the non-processing surface and the rolling body is protected;
4. the ultrasonic strengthening processing system and the ultrasonic strengthening processing method can generate the plastic deformation micro texture layer on the surface of the rolling element workpiece, can further improve the lubrication condition of the roller bearing, and provide technical support for improving the bearing capacity of the rolling bearing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic strengthening processing system for a rolling element of a cylindrical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a turning wheel mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a transmission diagram of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: sealing the cavity; 2: a fastener wheel; 3: a friction wheel; 4: a main shaft; 5: an ultrasonic vibration mechanism; 6: a planetary gear mechanism; 7: a workpiece; 8: and (5) grinding materials.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and further, it is understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing of the present embodiment includes a frame, a rotating wheel mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5, wherein a closed cavity 1 for placing an abrasive 8 is provided on the frame, the rotating wheel mechanism is provided in the closed cavity 1, the rotating wheel mechanism includes a fastening wheel 2, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing a workpiece 7 (for example, the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing) are provided on the fastening wheel 2 along a circumferential direction, the driving mechanism drives the workpiece 7 to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a processing state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 vibrates the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to impact the workpiece 7 in the clamping grooves.
In this embodiment, the frame is mainly used to provide support for other components; the machine frame is provided with a closed cavity 1 for placing abrasive 8, the shape of the closed cavity 1 can be funnel-shaped, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 can be arranged at the bottom of the closed cavity 1, the rotating wheel mechanism can be arranged at the top of the closed cavity 1, meanwhile, the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism is fixed on the machine frame, and the rotating wheel mechanism is connected with the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism. Furthermore, it can be understood that a closing door is provided on the closing cavity 1, which closing door is closed in the processing state of the workpiece 7.
The rotating wheel mechanism (also called as a clamp) is mainly used for driving the workpiece 7 to revolve under the driving of the driving mechanism and simultaneously driving the workpiece 7 to rotate for more than one circle under the processing state; in addition, the rotating wheel mechanism should be provided with a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing the workpieces 7 along the circumferential direction, so that the plurality of workpieces 7 can be simultaneously subjected to ultrasonic strengthening processing during the rotation process. It will be appreciated that when the workpiece 7 is secured in the pocket, at least part of the surface of the workpiece 7 should be exposed in the closed cavity 1 so that the abrasives 8 can impact the surface of the workpiece 7 at high speed to achieve ultrasonic peening when vibration occurs, since only the portion facing the abrasive 8 impact area can achieve effective machining during ultrasonic peening.
In the present embodiment, the processing state of the workpiece 7 refers to a state in which the workpiece 7 is located in the closed cavity 1 and the abrasives 8 can impact the surface of the workpiece 7 at a high speed, that is, the workpiece 7 revolves into the processing angle to the workpiece 7 out of the processing angle, and at this time, the workpiece 7 should rotate at least more than one turn to ensure that the entire surface of the workpiece 7 can be processed by ultrasonic strengthening. Under the above arrangement mode, the processing surface is controlled to spray, the controllability of the strengthening quality is enhanced, meanwhile, the damage rate is further reduced, the non-processing surface of which the end surface needs to ensure the flatness can be prevented from being damaged, and further, the bearing performance of the non-processing surface and the rolling body is protected.
Specifically, the rotating wheel mechanism may include a fixing wheel 2 and a friction wheel 3, the fixing wheel 2 is coaxially sleeved outside the friction wheel 3, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing the workpiece 7 are circumferentially formed in the fixing wheel 2, the workpiece 7 is in frictional contact with the friction wheel 3 when being placed in the clamping grooves, and the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 to rotate at different speeds to drive the workpiece 7 to revolve and rotate.
Further, the friction wheel 3 may include a rigid wheel and a soft friction layer provided on a surface of the rigid wheel; the rigid wheel can be made of hard plastics or metal, and the soft friction layer can be made of styrene butadiene rubber. The friction wheel 3 with the structure can provide larger contact area and larger friction force, and simultaneously facilitates the loading and clamping of the workpiece 7.
The driving mechanism is mainly used for driving the workpiece 7 to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in the machining state; specifically, the driving mechanism can drive the fixed wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 to rotate at different speeds through the planetary gear mechanism 6; the friction wheel 3 can be connected with the driving mechanism through a driving part of the planetary gear mechanism 6, and the fixed wheel 2 can be connected with the driving mechanism through a driven part of the planetary gear mechanism 6, so that the fixed wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 rotate at different speeds. The planetary gear mechanism 6 can realize the difference of the rotating speeds of the fixed gear 2 and the friction gear 3, and the respective speeds can be adjusted and designed through the planetary gear ratio.
Specifically, during ultrasonic peening processing, the fixed wheel 2 may be controlled to rotate in a first direction at an angular velocity ω 1, the friction wheel 3 may be controlled to rotate in the first direction at an angular velocity ω 2, and the workpiece 7 may be controlled to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction at an angular velocity ω 3. This method can increase the speed difference between the rotation and revolution of the workpiece 7, and can easily realize the full coverage of the surface processing of the workpiece 7 in the processing region.
The ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is mainly used for vibrating the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to impact a workpiece 7 in the clamping groove at a high speed; the ultrasonic vibration device can adopt a conventional device in the field, and outputs ultrasonic mechanical vibration through a tool head to drive the abrasive 8 placed on the ultrasonic vibration device to impact the workpiece 7 right above the ultrasonic vibration device at high speed to generate severe plastic deformation so as to realize the surface local reinforcement of the rolling body; the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism drives the workpiece 7 to rotate and revolve, and the local strengthening is equalized into the strengthening of the rolling surface of the whole workpiece 7. The ultrasonic mechanical vibration is utilized to drive the abrasive 8 to impact the workpiece 7 at a high speed, so that the stability, reliability, high quality and high efficiency of the strengthening processing effect are realized, and a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer can be processed on the surface of the workpiece 7; meanwhile, the impact force of the ultrasonic processing technology is strong, the impact frequency is high, the processing efficiency is improved compared with that of a traditional roller type, and the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate are effectively improved.
The grinding material 8 adopted in the ultrasonic strengthening processing process is not strictly limited; specifically, the abrasive 8 can be prepared from hard balls, abrasive powder and abrasive liquid according to the mass ratio (14-16): (0.8-1.2): (0.5-1.0); wherein, the hard ball can be a single-size ceramic ball or steel ball with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder can be single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of phosphate amine salt compound, 3-5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-0.8% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
In addition, the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing of the embodiment may further include a handling device for automatically handling the workpiece 7; automatic loading and unloading equipment is arranged to automatically load and unload the workpiece 7, so that the ultrasonic strengthening efficiency of the rolling body can be further improved.
The ultrasonic strengthening processing of the workpiece 7 by using the system comprises the following steps:
s1: after a plurality of workpieces 7 are respectively placed in each clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, the rotating wheel mechanism is fastened on a main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism;
s2: starting a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5, wherein the driving mechanism drives the workpiece 7 to revolve through a rotating wheel mechanism and rotates for more than one circle in a machining state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 enables the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to vibrate to impact the workpiece 7 fixed in the clamping groove;
s3: after the workpiece 7 revolves for one circle, the driving mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 are stopped and blanking is carried out.
The ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing in the embodiment drives a plurality of workpieces 7 to revolve through the driving mechanism and the rotating wheel mechanism, each workpiece 7 rotates for more than one circle in a processing state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 enables the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to vibrate and impact the workpieces 7 in the clamping groove at a high speed, so that the processing efficiency is high, the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate are high, and the strengthening processing effect is stable, reliable, high-quality and high-efficiency; particularly, the system can process a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer on the surface of the workpiece 7 during ultrasonic strengthening processing, is beneficial to further improving the lubrication condition of the roller bearing, and provides technical support for improving the bearing capacity of the rolling bearing.
Example 2
The ultrasonic strengthening processing method for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing in the embodiment adopts the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing in the embodiment 1 to carry out ultrasonic strengthening processing on a workpiece 7, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) clamping a workpiece 7 (a cylindrical roller bearing rolling element) to be processed in a clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, and fastening the workpiece 7 on the rotating wheel mechanism after all the clamping grooves of the rotating wheel mechanism are filled with the workpiece 7;
2) the clamped rotating wheel mechanism is placed in a clamping groove of a main shaft 4 of a driving mechanism and locked to complete clamping of the whole workpiece 7, the main shaft 4 is fixed on a rack, the clamping groove of the main shaft 4 is located in a closed cavity 1, and the closed cavity 1 is a funnel-shaped closed cavity and is connected with the rack;
3) after a closed door of the closed cavity 1 is closed, a main shaft 4 of a driving mechanism is started, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is started, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is an existing conventional mechanism and outputs ultrasonic mechanical vibration through a tool head, the tool head of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is placed at the bottom of the funnel-shaped closed cavity 1, an abrasive 8 placed on the tool head is driven to impact a workpiece 7 located right above the tool head at a high speed to generate severe plastic deformation, so that the surface of the workpiece 7 is locally strengthened, and the workpiece 7 is driven to rotate and revolve by the main shaft 4 to be uniformly strengthened into the rolling surface of the whole workpiece 7;
4) after the firmware wheel 2 of the rotating wheel mechanism revolves for a circle, the controllable ultrasonic strengthening of the surfaces of all the workpieces 7 on the whole rotating wheel mechanism is completed, at the moment, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 and the driving mechanism are stopped, the sealed door of the sealed cavity 1 is opened, the workpieces 7 are replaced, and then the next batch of processing can be started, and the process is circulated.
Specifically, the rotating wheel mechanism in the step 1) is a double-layer composite rotating wheel structure and is respectively an outer fixing wheel 2 and an inner friction wheel 3, a plurality of concave clamping grooves are circumferentially distributed on the fixing wheel 2 and used for placing workpieces 7, the workpieces 7 are clamped and placed in the clamping grooves and then contacted with the friction wheel 3, the fixing wheel 2 drives the workpieces 7 to revolve, the rotating speed of the friction wheel 3 is different from that of the fixing wheel 2, and the rotating speeds of the friction wheel 3 and the fixing wheel 2 meet the requirement that the rotation of the workpieces 7 is at least more than one circle when the workpieces 7 revolve to enter a processing angle and exit the processing angle.
The friction wheel 3 consists of a rigid body and a soft surface layer fixed on the outer surface of the rigid body, the rigid body is annular hard plastic or a metal piece, and the soft surface layer is styrene butadiene rubber so as to provide larger contact area and friction force and facilitate the filling and clamping of the workpiece 7.
The speed difference between the fixed wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 can be realized by the planetary gear mechanism 6; referring to fig. 3, the rotational speed is input through the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism, the housing of the rotating mechanism is fixed to the frame through the clamp, the friction wheel 3 is fixed to the output end of the main shaft 4, so that the rotational speed is equal to that of the main shaft 4, and the fixing wheel 2 is connected to the output rotational speed of the planet carrier (driven member) of the planetary gear mechanism, and the speed can be adjusted and designed through the planetary gear ratio. Since effective machining can be realized only in the part facing the impact area of the abrasive 8 in the ultrasonic strengthening machining process, the number of rotation turns of the workpiece 7 is required to be completed for more than one week when the workpiece revolves from entering to leaving the effective machining angle (area), and a planetary gear train is designed based on the parameters.
In the step 2), the main shaft 4 clamping groove can adopt a cone clamping groove which is commonly used by the existing pneumatic fixture and is used for realizing the rapid butt joint and clamping of the rotating wheel mechanism and the main shaft 43 of the driving mechanism. Referring to fig. 3, the rotation speed of the friction wheel 3 is equal to the rotation speed of the main shaft 4, namely ω 1, the direction is clockwise, the rotation speed of the fixing wheel 2 is in the same direction as the rotation speed of the friction wheel 3, the rotation speed is ω 2, the rotation speed of the workpiece 7 is ω 3, and the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise.
In the step 3), the grinding material 8 consists of hard balls, grinding powder and grinding fluid according to the mass percentage of 15:1:0.8, the hard balls are single-size ceramic balls or steel balls with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder is single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding fluid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 8% of phosphate amine salt compound, 4% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1.5% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.6% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
In order to further improve the ultrasonic strengthening efficiency of the rolling body, automatic feeding and discharging of the workpiece 7 can be realized by adopting automatic equipment, and the automatic replacement of the whole clamp can be completed automatically and quickly by matching the pneumatic chuck which is preferably adopted conveniently.
According to the ultrasonic strengthening processing method for the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body, the grinding material 8 is driven to impact the workpiece 7 at a high speed by ultrasonic mechanical vibration, so that the strengthening processing effect is stable, reliable, high-quality and efficient, and a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer can be processed on the surface of the workpiece 7; the ultrasonic processing technology has strong impact force and high impact frequency, so that the processing efficiency is improved compared with the traditional roller type, and meanwhile, the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate are effectively improved by benefiting from the ultrasonic processing technology; the processed surface is subjected to controlled spraying, the controllability of the reinforced quality is enhanced, the damage rate is further reduced, the non-processed surface of which the end face needs to ensure the flatness can be prevented from being damaged, and the bearing performance of the non-processed surface and the rolling body is protected; in addition, because the surface of the workpiece 7 generates the plastic deformation micro-texture layer, the lubrication condition of the roller bearing can be further improved, and the technical guarantee is provided for the improvement of the bearing capacity of the rolling bearing.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cylindrical roller bearing rolling element ultrasonic strengthening system of processing, a serial communication port, including the frame, the runner mechanism, actuating mechanism and ultrasonic vibration mechanism, be equipped with the airtight cavity that is used for placing the abrasive material in the frame, the runner mechanism sets up in airtight cavity, the runner mechanism includes the firmware wheel, set up a plurality of draw-in grooves that are used for fixed work piece along circumference on the firmware wheel, actuating mechanism drives the work piece revolution through the runner mechanism and more than the rotation a week under the processing state, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism makes the abrasive material in the airtight cavity take place the vibration with the work piece in the impact draw-in groove.
2. The ultrasonic intensified processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating wheel mechanism further comprises a friction wheel, the fixing wheel is coaxially sleeved outside the friction wheel, the workpiece is in frictional contact with the friction wheel when being placed in the clamping groove, and the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds to drive the workpiece to revolve and rotate.
3. The ultrasonic machining system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling element according to claim 2, wherein the friction wheel comprises a rigid wheel and a soft friction layer arranged on the surface of the rigid wheel; wherein, the rigid wheel is made of hard plastics or metal, and the soft friction layer is made of styrene butadiene rubber.
4. The ultrasonic intensified processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism drives the firmware wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds through the planetary gear mechanism; the friction wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driving part of the planetary gear mechanism, and the fixed wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driven part of the planetary gear mechanism.
5. The ultrasonic intensified processing system for the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the closed cavity is funnel-shaped, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the closed cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism is disposed at the top of the closed cavity, the main shaft of the driving mechanism is fixed on the frame, and the rotating wheel mechanism is connected with the main shaft of the driving mechanism.
6. The ultrasonic peening system of claim 1, further comprising a loading and unloading device for automatically loading and unloading the workpiece.
7. An ultrasonic strengthening processing method for a cylindrical roller bearing rolling element, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the cylindrical roller bearing rolling element according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted to carry out ultrasonic strengthening processing on a workpiece.
8. The ultrasonic strengthening processing method for the rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: after a plurality of workpieces are respectively placed in each clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, the rotating wheel mechanism is fastened on a main shaft of the driving mechanism;
s2: starting a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism drives the workpiece to revolve through a rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a machining state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism enables the abrasive in the closed cavity to vibrate to impact the workpiece fixed in the clamping groove;
s3: and after the workpiece revolves for one circle, stopping the driving mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism and discharging.
9. The ultrasonic strengthening processing method of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling element according to claim 8, wherein the abrasive is prepared from hard balls, abrasive powder and grinding fluid according to the mass ratio of (14-16): (0.8-1.2): (0.5-1.0); wherein, the hard ball is a single-size ceramic ball or steel ball with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder is single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding fluid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of phosphate amine salt compound, 3-5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-0.8% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
10. The ultrasonic peening method of claim 8, wherein the control wheel rotates at an angular velocity ω 1 in a first direction, the friction wheel rotates at an angular velocity ω 2 in the first direction, and the workpiece rotates at an angular velocity ω 3 in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
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| CN115401535A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-29 | 广州大学 | Full-automatic machining cylindrical roller ultrasonic strengthening grinding machine and machining method |
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| CN119609780A (en) * | 2024-12-10 | 2025-03-14 | 广州大学 | Ultrasonic machining device |
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