CN116445853B - A high-toughness wear-resistant alloy steel product and its preparation method - Google Patents

A high-toughness wear-resistant alloy steel product and its preparation method

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CN116445853B
CN116445853B CN202310423643.6A CN202310423643A CN116445853B CN 116445853 B CN116445853 B CN 116445853B CN 202310423643 A CN202310423643 A CN 202310423643A CN 116445853 B CN116445853 B CN 116445853B
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powder
alloy steel
product
salt bath
permeation
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CN116445853A (en
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李毅
朱鹏霄
文军
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Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co Ltd XCMG
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Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co Ltd XCMG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C12/00—Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C12/02—Diffusion in one step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/44—Methods of heating in heat-treatment baths
    • C21D1/46—Salt baths
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an alloy steel product which is prepared by a method comprising the following steps of 1) forging and forming raw alloy steel, 2) performing multi-element co-permeation treatment on the forged and formed product, 3) quenching the multi-element co-permeation treated product, wherein the element composition of the raw alloy steel is C：0.2～0.6％,Si：0.3～0.6％,Mn：4～8％,Ni：0.5～1％,Cr：0.2～0.8％,B：0.001～0.005％,Ti：0.1～0.5％,Al：0.03～0.1％,S：≤0.015％,P：≤0.015％, percent by mass and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities. The alloy steel product has high surface hardness, good wear resistance and high core toughness, and is suitable for being used as the bucket tooth of an excavator, in particular to a conical bucket tooth.

Description

High-toughness wear-resistant alloy steel product and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloys, and particularly relates to a high-toughness wear-resistant alloy steel product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Bucket teeth are one of the most severely worn components of an excavator, and can be classified into earth teeth, rock teeth, and conical teeth according to the use. The earth tooth is mainly used for excavating light working environments such as soil, river sand and the like, and is required to have high wear resistance, the rock tooth is used for heavy-strength working such as rock, broken stone, gravel and the like, the requirement on the wear resistance is higher, and the cone tooth is suitable for drilling a rock stratum with low hardness, and has larger impact resistance, so that the earth tooth is required to have high wear resistance and certain impact toughness. The conical bucket tooth is stressed in operation and is complex, and when the conical bucket tooth contacts materials, the conical bucket tooth bears the impact action and the bending moment action. In the service process, the tip of the bucket tooth is worn by larger impact sliding abrasive particles, and furrows and deformations are often generated on the surface of the tip, so that the surface is worn or falls off. The phenomena of the breaking and the wear-resisting of the bucket teeth can cause frequent shutdown and production stoppage to replace the bucket teeth, and the working efficiency of the excavator is affected.
The teeth of an excavator are generally cast from high manganese steel or low alloy steel. The high manganese steel has good toughness, but can be processed and hardened under the action of larger impact force, so that the wear resistance of the high manganese steel is fully exerted; the low alloy steel bucket tooth has higher hardness and good wear resistance after quenching treatment, but has poorer toughness and is easy to break.
At present, the bucket teeth at home and abroad are usually prepared by adopting a heat treatment or surface strengthening mode. CN102242314a discloses a multi-element alloy strengthening and wear-resisting medium manganese steel and its preparation process, the alloy steel comprises ：C：0.9～1.3、Mn：8～10、Si：0.2～0.6、Cr：1.0～2.5、W：0.5～2.0、V：0.1～0.5、Ti：0.1～0.3、Re≤0.15、B≤0.01、S≤0.04、P≤0.07,% by mass of Fe and the balance is treated by adopting a composite modifier of rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, ferrotitanium alloy and ferrovanadium alloy, and the technological processes and parameter control of smelting, lost foam negative pressure forming, water toughening treatment, tempering and the like are carried out. The service life of wear-resistant steel parts such as electric bucket teeth, semi-autogenous mill lining plates, conveyor scraping plates and the like prepared from the alloy steel is prolonged by more than 2 times than that of high-manganese steel. However, the alloy steel contains more noble alloy elements, the rare earth composite modifier is adopted, the preparation process is complex, and the large-scale popularization and application are difficult. CN102453911a discloses a surface strengthening method of excavator bucket tooth, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) removing surface oxide layer and greasy dirt foreign matter on the surface of the excavator bucket tooth, (2) placing the excavator bucket tooth in a laser processing system consisting of a synchronous powder feeder, a six-axis five-linkage processing machine tool and a cross-flow gas laser generator for laser cladding, and cladding a metallurgical bonding compact coating on the bucket tooth with tungsten carbide alloy powder with excellent wear resistance and good toughness. According to the method, the wear-resistant hard alloy is clad on the surface of the bucket tooth, and the cladding layer can fall off under the action of large impact and cannot play a role in wear resistance.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a wear resistant tooth with high toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an alloy steel product which is prepared by a method comprising the following steps,
1) Forging and forming raw alloy steel;
2) Performing multi-element co-permeation treatment on the forged product;
3) Quenching the product after the multi-element co-permeation treatment,
The raw alloy steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass C：0.2～0.6％,Si：0.3～0.6％,Mn：4～8％,Ni：0.5～1％,Cr：0.2～0.8％,B：0.001～0.005％,Ti：0.1～0.5％,Al：0.03～0.1％,S：≤0.015％,P：≤0.015％, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In certain embodiments, step 1) comprises:
And heating the raw alloy steel to 1050-1150 ℃ and forging and forming under the condition that the forging pressure is 800-160 t.
In certain embodiments, step 2) comprises:
And (3) preserving the temperature of the forged product at 1100-1250 ℃ for 4-8 hours to perform multi-element co-permeation treatment.
In certain embodiments, step 3) comprises:
a) Cooling the product subjected to the multi-element co-permeation treatment to 860-920 ℃;
b) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a first salt bath at 300-350 ℃ for 3-10 min;
c) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a second salt bath at 400-500 ℃ for 30-60 min;
d) The product obtained in the previous step is cooled with water.
In certain embodiments, step b) is to heat the product obtained in the previous step in a first salt bath at 310-350 ℃ for 3-10 min.
In certain embodiments, step C) is to keep the product obtained in the previous step in a second salt bath at 420-500 ℃ for 30-60 min.
In certain embodiments, the first salt bath consists of 30-60% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 40-70% potassium nitrate (KNO 3). In certain embodiments, the second salt bath consists of 60-90% potassium chloride (KCl) and 10-40% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
In the invention, the step 3) adopts the waste heat after the multi-element co-permeation treatment to quench the multi-element co-permeation treated product.
In certain embodiments, the multi-component co-cementating agent used in the multi-component co-cementating treatment consists of C powder, ti powder, cr powder, mo powder, al powder, NH 4 Cl powder.
In some embodiments, the multicomponent co-cementation agent comprises 5-20% of C powder, 10-40% of Ti powder, 15-35% of Cr powder, 10-20% of Mo powder, 5-15% of Al powder and 5-25% of NH 4 Cl powder.
In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product has a surface hardness of ≡64HRC, for example about 65HRC, about 66HRC, about 67HRC, about 68HRC, about 69HRC, about 70HRC. In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product has a core hardness of ≡50HRC, for example about 51HRC, about 52HRC, about 53HRC, about 54HRC, about 55HRC, about 56HRC. In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product has an impact energy KV 2 ≡40J, for example about 44J, about 45J, about 46J, about 47J, about 48J, about 49J, about 50J, about 51J, about 52J, about 55J, about 58J, about 60J, about 62J, about 65J, about 67J, about 68J. In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product has a dynamic load wear amount of less than or equal to 0.20g, such as about 0.19g, about 0.18g, about 0.17g, about 0.16g, about 0.15g, about 0.14g, about 0.13g, about 0.12g, about 0.11g, about 0.1g, about 0.9g, about 0.8g, about 0.7g. In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product has an impact energy KV 2 ≡45J. In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product has a dynamic load wear amount of 0.19g or less.
In certain embodiments, the alloy steel product is a tooth.
The invention also provides an excavator or a loader comprising the alloy steel product.
The invention also provides a method of preparing an alloy steel product comprising:
1) Forging and forming raw alloy steel;
2) Performing multi-element co-permeation treatment on the forged product;
3) Quenching the product after the multi-element co-permeation treatment,
The raw alloy steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass C：0.2～0.6％,Si：0.3～0.6％,Mn：4～8％,Ni：0.5～1％,Cr：0.2～0.8％,B：0.001～0.005％,Ti：0.1～0.5％,Al：0.03～0.1％,S：≤0.015％,P：≤0.015％, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In certain embodiments, step 1) of the method comprises:
And heating the raw alloy steel to 1050-1150 ℃ and forging and forming under the condition that the forging pressure is 800-160 t.
In certain embodiments, step 2) of the method comprises:
And (3) preserving the temperature of the forged product at 1100-1250 ℃ for 4-8 hours to perform multi-element co-permeation treatment.
In certain embodiments, the multi-component co-cementating agent used in the multi-component co-cementating treatment of the method consists of C powder, ti powder, cr powder, mo powder, al powder, NH 4 Cl powder.
In some embodiments, the composition of the multi-component co-penetrating agent in the method comprises 5-20% of C powder, 10-40% of Ti powder, 15-35% of Cr powder, 10-20% of Mo powder, 5-15% of Al powder and 5-25% of NH 4 Cl powder.
In certain embodiments, step 3) of the method comprises:
a) Cooling the product subjected to the multi-element co-permeation treatment to 860-920 ℃;
b) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a first salt bath at 300-350 ℃ for 3-10 min;
c) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a second salt bath at 400-500 ℃ for 30-60 min;
d) The product obtained in the previous step is cooled with water.
In certain embodiments, step b) of the method is to keep the product obtained in the previous step in a first salt bath at 310-350 ℃ for 3-10 min.
In certain embodiments, step C) of the method is to keep the product obtained in the previous step in a second salt bath at 420-500 ℃ for 30-60 min.
In certain embodiments, the first salt bath consists of 30-60% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 40-70% potassium nitrate (KNO 3). In certain embodiments, the second salt bath consists of 60-90% potassium chloride (KCl) and 10-40% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
In the invention, the step 3) adopts the waste heat after the multi-element co-permeation to quench the product after the multi-element co-permeation treatment.
As used herein, the term "about" is understood to be within normal tolerances in the art, for example, within 2 standard deviations of the average. In particular, the term "about" is understood to be within +/-10％、+/-9％、+/-8％、+/-7％、+/-6％、+/-5％、+/-4％、+/-3％、+/-2％、+/-1％、+/-0.5％、+/-0.4％、+/-0.3％、+/-0.2％、+/-0.1％ of the stated value. Unless otherwise apparent from the context, all numbers provided herein are modified by the term "about".
The beneficial effects of the invention are that
According to the invention, through optimizing the proportion of chemical elements, the dosage of carbon and alloy elements is reduced, and the alloy steel product with high toughness and high wear resistance is prepared by adopting forging forming, multiple co-permeation and heat treatment modes.
The alloy steel product provided by the invention has high surface hardness, good wear resistance and high core toughness, is suitable for being used as the bucket tooth of an excavator, in particular to a conical bucket tooth, and can meet the use requirements of the conical bucket tooth under the working conditions of coal mines, ground mines, frozen soil and the like.
The invention adopts the waste heat after the multi-element co-permeation to quench the multi-element co-permeation treated product, can reduce the energy consumption and the cost, and is beneficial to realizing the industrialized production.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The raw materials, equipment or instruments used are conventional products commercially available without identifying the manufacturer.
Example 1
The raw alloy steel for preparing the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth comprises, by mass, 0.25% of C, 0.50% of Si, 5.0% of Mn, 0.6% of Ni, 0.30% of Cr, 0.0015% of B, 0.15% of Ti, 0.03% of Al, 0.015% of S, 0.015% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Heating the raw material alloy steel to 1130 ℃, forging and forming by a 1000t press, then performing multi-component co-permeation treatment on the forged and formed bucket tooth at the temperature of 1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, fully stirring and mixing the multi-component co-permeation agent consisting of 20 percent C+40 percent Ti+15 percent Cr+10 percent Mo+5 percent Al+10 percent NH 4 Cl powder, quenching the bucket tooth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment by utilizing waste heat after multi-component co-permeation, specifically, cooling the bucket tooth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment to 910 ℃, then directly putting the bucket tooth into a first salt bath at 350 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 minutes, putting the bucket tooth into a second salt bath at 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, and finally cooling the bucket tooth with water to obtain the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth. Wherein the first salt bath consists of 30% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 70% potassium nitrate (KNO 3) and the second salt bath consists of 90% potassium chloride (KCl) and 10% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
Example 2
The raw alloy steel for preparing the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth comprises, by mass, 0.50% of C, 0.30% of Si, 4.0% of Mn, 1.0% of Ni, 0.20% of Cr, 0.0010% of B, 0.50% of Ti, 0.10% of Al, 0.010% of S, 0.008% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Heating the raw material alloy steel to 1150 ℃, forging and forming by adopting an 800t press, then performing multi-element co-permeation treatment on the forged and formed bucket tooth at 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 8 hours, fully stirring and mixing the multi-element co-permeation agent consisting of 10 percent of C+10 percent of Ti+35 percent of Cr+10 percent of Mo+10 percent of Al+25 percent of NH 4 Cl powder, quenching the bucket tooth subjected to multi-element co-permeation treatment by utilizing waste heat after multi-element co-permeation, specifically, cooling the bucket tooth subjected to multi-element co-permeation treatment to 860 ℃, then directly placing the bucket tooth into a first salt bath at 350 ℃, preserving heat for 7 minutes, then placing the bucket tooth into a second salt bath at 420 ℃, preserving heat for 50 minutes, and finally cooling by water to obtain the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth. Wherein the first salt bath consists of 50% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 50% potassium nitrate (KNO 3) and the second salt bath consists of 70% potassium chloride (KCl) and 30% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
Example 3
The raw alloy steel for preparing the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth comprises, by mass, 0.60% of C, 0.40% of Si, 8.0% of Mn, 0.9% of Ni, 0.70% of Cr, 0.0045% of B, 0.50% of Ti, 0.09% of Al, 0.010% of S, 0.010% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Heating the raw material alloy steel to 1080 ℃, forging and forming by adopting a 1500t press, then performing multi-component co-permeation treatment on the forged bucket tooth at 1130 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7 hours, fully stirring and mixing the multi-component co-permeation agent consisting of 10 percent C+30 percent Ti+30 percent Cr+15 percent Mo+10 percent Al+5 percent NH 4 Cl powder, quenching the bucket tooth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment by utilizing waste heat after multi-component co-permeation, specifically, cooling the bucket tooth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment to 870 ℃, directly putting the bucket tooth into a first salt bath at 330 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 minutes, putting the bucket tooth into a second salt bath at 450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, and finally water-cooling to obtain the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth. Wherein the first salt bath consists of 60% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 40% potassium nitrate (KNO 3) and the second salt bath consists of 65% potassium chloride (KCl) and 35% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
Example 4
The raw alloy steel for preparing the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth comprises, by mass, 0.40% of C, 0.50% of Si, 6.0% of Mn, 0.7% of Ni, 0.55% of Cr, 0.0030% of B, 0.30% of Ti, 0.05% of Al, 0.015% of S, 0.010% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Heating the raw material alloy steel to 1100 ℃, forging and forming by adopting a 1200t press, then performing multi-component co-permeation treatment on the forged and formed bucket teeth at the temperature of 1190 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6 hours, fully stirring and mixing the multi-component co-permeation agent consisting of 15 percent C+20 percent Ti+20 percent Cr+20 percent Mo+15 percent Al+10 percent NH 4 Cl powder, quenching the bucket teeth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment by utilizing waste heat after multi-component co-permeation, specifically, cooling the bucket teeth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment to 890 ℃, then directly putting the bucket teeth into a first salt bath at 340 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes, putting the bucket teeth into a second salt bath at 470 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, and finally performing water cooling to obtain the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket teeth. Wherein the first salt bath consists of 45% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 55% potassium nitrate (KNO 3) and the second salt bath consists of 80% potassium chloride (KCl) and 20% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
Example 5
The raw alloy steel for preparing the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth comprises, by mass, 0.20% of C, 0.60% of Si, 7.0% of Mn, 0.5% of Ni, 0.80% of Cr, 0.0050% of B, 0.10% of Ti, 0.08% of Al, 0.012% of S, 0.012% of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Heating the raw alloy steel to 1050 ℃, forging and forming by adopting a 1600t press, then performing multi-component co-permeation treatment on the forged bucket tooth at 1100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, fully stirring and mixing the multi-component co-permeation agent consisting of 5 percent C+25 percent Ti+15 percent Cr+20 percent Mo+15 percent Al+20 percent NH 4 Cl powder, quenching the bucket tooth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment by utilizing waste heat after multi-component co-permeation, specifically, reducing the temperature of the bucket tooth subjected to multi-component co-permeation treatment to 920 ℃, directly putting the bucket tooth into a first salt bath at 310 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 minutes, putting the bucket tooth into a second salt bath at 430 ℃, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, and finally water-cooling to obtain the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket tooth. Wherein the first salt bath consists of 40% sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) and 50% potassium nitrate (KNO 3) and the second salt bath consists of 60% potassium chloride (KCl) and 40% chromium trichloride (CrCl 3).
The physical and mechanical properties of the high-toughness wear-resistant conical bucket teeth prepared in examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1, wherein an MLD-10 type dynamic abrasive wear testing machine is adopted for wear testing, and the dynamic abrasive wear test parameters comprise 2J of impact power, 1h of impact time, 100 times of impact frequency per minute, 5-10 mesh quartz sand of abrasive, the impact power is measured according to GB/T229-2020, and the hardness is measured according to GB/T230.1-2018.
Table 1 physical and mechanical properties of high toughness wear resistant cone teeth
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments of the present invention may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and they are all included in the scope of the technical solution of the present invention as claimed.

Claims (17)

1. An alloy steel product is prepared by a method comprising the following steps,
1) Forging and forming raw alloy steel;
2) Performing multi-element co-permeation treatment on the forged product;
3) Quenching the product after the multi-element co-permeation treatment,
The raw alloy steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass C：0.2～0.6％,Si：0.3～0.6％,Mn：4～8％,Ni：0.5～1％,Cr：0.2～0.8％,B：0.001～0.005％,Ti：0.1～0.5％,Al：0.03～0.1％,S：≤0.015％,P：≤0.015％, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities,
The step 1) comprises the steps of heating the raw alloy steel to 1050-1150 ℃ and forging and forming under the condition that the forging pressure is 800-160 t;
The step 2) comprises the steps of carrying out multi-component co-permeation treatment on a forged product at the temperature of 1100-1250 ℃ for 4-8 hours, wherein a multi-component co-permeation agent used in the multi-component co-permeation treatment consists of C powder, ti powder, cr powder, mo powder, al powder and NH 4 Cl powder;
the step 3) comprises the following steps:
a) Cooling the product subjected to the multi-element co-permeation treatment to 860-920 ℃;
b) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a first salt bath at 300-350 ℃ for 3-10 min;
c) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a second salt bath at 400-500 ℃ for 30-60 min;
d) The product obtained in the previous step is cooled with water.
2. The alloy steel product of claim 1, wherein the composition of the multi-component co-cementating agent is 5-20% of C powder, 10-40% of Ti powder, 15-35% of Cr powder, 10-20% of Mo powder, 5-15% of Al powder and 5-25% of NH 4 Cl powder.
3. The alloy steel product of claim 1, wherein step b) is to heat the product obtained in the previous step in a first salt bath at 310-350 ℃ for 3-10 min.
4. The alloy steel product of claim 1, wherein step C) is to keep the product obtained in the previous step in a second salt bath at 420-500 ℃ for 30-60 min.
5. The alloy steel product of claim 1, wherein the first salt bath consists of 30-60% sodium nitrate and 40-70% potassium nitrate.
6. The alloy steel product of claim 1, wherein the second salt bath consists of 60-90% potassium chloride and 10-40% chromium trichloride.
7. The alloy steel product of any one of claims 1 to 6 having one or more of the following characteristics:
i) The surface hardness is more than or equal to 64HRC,
Ii) the core hardness is more than or equal to 50HRC,
Iii) Impact power KV 2 is more than or equal to 40J,
Iv) dynamic load abrasion loss is less than or equal to 0.20g.
8. The alloy steel product of claim 7, wherein the impact energy KV 2 is greater than or equal to 45J.
9. The alloy steel product of claim 7 having a dynamic load wear of 0.19g or less.
10. The alloy steel product of any one of claims 1 to 6 which is a tooth.
11. An excavator or loader comprising the alloy steel product of any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. A method of making an alloy steel product comprising:
1) Forging and forming raw alloy steel;
2) Performing multi-element co-permeation treatment on the forged product;
3) Quenching the product after the multi-element co-permeation treatment,
The raw alloy steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass C：0.2～0.6％,Si：0.3～0.6％,Mn：4～8％,Ni：0.5～1％,Cr：0.2～0.8％,B：0.001～0.005％,Ti：0.1～0.5％,Al：0.03～0.1％,S：≤0.015％,P：≤0.015％, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities,
The step 1) comprises the steps of heating the raw alloy steel to 1050-1150 ℃ and forging and forming under the condition that the forging pressure is 800-160 t;
The step 2) comprises the steps of carrying out multi-component co-permeation treatment on a forged product at the temperature of 1100-1250 ℃ for 4-8 hours, wherein a multi-component co-permeation agent used in the multi-component co-permeation treatment consists of C powder, ti powder, cr powder, mo powder, al powder and NH 4 Cl powder;
the step 3) comprises the following steps:
a) Cooling the product subjected to the multi-element co-permeation treatment to 860-920 ℃;
b) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a first salt bath at 300-350 ℃ for 3-10 min;
c) The product obtained in the last step is kept in a second salt bath at 400-500 ℃ for 30-60 min;
d) The product obtained in the previous step is cooled with water.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the composition of the multicomponent co-cementating agent is 5-20% of C powder, 10-40% of Ti powder, 15-35% of Cr powder, 10-20% of Mo powder, 5-15% of Al powder and 5-25% of NH 4 Cl powder.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein step b) is to keep the product obtained in the previous step in a first salt bath at 310-350 ℃ for 3-10 min.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein step C) is to keep the product obtained in the previous step in a second salt bath at 420-500 ℃ for 30-60 min.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein the first salt bath consists of 30-60% sodium nitrate and 40-70% potassium nitrate.
17. The method of any one of claims 12-16, wherein the second salt bath consists of 60-90% potassium chloride and 10-40% chromium trichloride.
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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107058878A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-08-18 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 A kind of low-carbon alloy steel and preparation method thereof
CN109536826A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-29 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of dredging excavator corrosion-resistant bucket tooth and its production technology

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111996436B (en) * 2020-07-07 2021-08-31 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 Bucket tooth of large excavator and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107058878A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-08-18 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 A kind of low-carbon alloy steel and preparation method thereof
CN109536826A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-29 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of dredging excavator corrosion-resistant bucket tooth and its production technology

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