CN116652257A - An integrated machine for automatic balancing and de-weighting of railway wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of balance weight removing machines, in particular to an automatic balance weight removing integrated machine for railway wheels. The automatic milling machine comprises a portal frame, wherein two milling cutter moving mechanisms are arranged on the portal frame, each milling cutter moving mechanism is provided with a milling head mechanism, a milling cutter of the milling head mechanism faces the side surface of a rim obliquely downwards, two groups of stop brake mechanisms are further arranged on the portal frame, the stop brake mechanisms are right above the rim, wheel set up-and-down and positioning lifting mechanisms and bearing bush mechanisms are arranged below the portal frame, and spindle rotating moving mechanisms and tail shaft moving mechanisms are respectively arranged at two sides of the portal frame.

Description

A railway wheel automatic balancing and de-weighting machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of balancing and weight removing machines, in particular to an automatic balancing and weight removing integrated machine for railway wheels.

Background technique

In the manufacture and maintenance of railway vehicles, the dynamic balance measurement and weight removal of wheelsets are two key processes. At present, the dynamic balance and weight removal after measurement are carried out on two separate devices. The specific method is to measure the dynamic unbalance of the wheel set on the dynamic balance machine, and then transport the wheel set to the lathe for turning and weight removal. The weight depends on the weight of iron filings, and the range of weight removal is based on the experience of the operator. After the weight removal is completed, it needs to be transported to the dynamic balancing machine for testing. As far as the requirements are concerned, not only the heavy processing is difficult and the efficiency is low, but also the requirement of accurately removing the unbalanced amount cannot be achieved.

The patent CN2480083Y wheel set numerical control dynamic balance deweighting machine tool provides a wheel set numerical control dynamic balance deweighting machine tool used in the manufacture of railway vehicles. It is divided into two parts: dynamic balance test and deweighting cutting. The moving box, the dynamic balance pendulum, the bracket, the friction wheel driving device and the brake device, the driving main shaft in the driving box and the driven main shaft in the driven box are all equipped with a center top, and the dynamic balancing pendulum is equipped with hydrostatic bearings. , There is a static pressure stiffness adjustment device under the static pressure bearing pad. The machine tool of the utility model integrates the dynamic balance measurement and deduplication cutting of the wheel set, has a compact structure, high working efficiency of the machine tool, high measurement and deduplication precision, and the whole process is fully automated.

This prior art has the following points to be optimized: 1, this equipment is the simple structure of dynamic balancing machine and milling machine, and structure is not compact enough; The force is large, which may easily lead to the accuracy of the dynamic balance test, and the speed of the speed increase is limited; 3. The height of the bearing bracket cannot be adjusted, which requires high installation accuracy and is likely to have a greater impact on the test results; 4. Dynamic balance The frame structure is not clear; 5. The brake device is arranged under the axle, and the brake performance is limited.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is: the above-mentioned problems exist in the railway wheel automatic balancing and weight-removing integrated machine in the prior art, and an automatic railway wheel balancing and weight-removing integrated machine with reasonable structure, high detection accuracy and high measurement efficiency is provided.

The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme. An automatic balancing and weight-removing integrated machine for railway wheels includes a gantry frame. Two milling cutter moving mechanisms are arranged on the gantry frame, and a milling head is installed on each milling cutter moving mechanism. mechanism, the milling cutter of the milling head mechanism faces obliquely downward to the side of the rim, and the gantry is also provided with two sets of stop brake mechanisms, the stop brake mechanism is directly above the rim,

The bottom of the gantry is provided with a wheel set up and down and a positioning lifting mechanism and a bearing bush mechanism,

The two sides of the gantry are respectively provided with a main shaft rotation and movement mechanism and a tail shaft movement mechanism,

The bearing pad mechanism includes a bearing pad bracket, a bearing pad, a bearing pad splint, a bottom bracket, and a vibration sensor. The bottom bracket is installed on the foundation, and the bottom bracket is provided with two door-shaped support parts. The bottom bracket is also provided with A fixed part extending upward from the bottom surface, the fixed part and the support part are not in contact with each other, a vibration sensor is installed between the support part and the fixed part, a bearing pad bracket is installed above the support part, and the bearing pad bracket is fixedly installed There are bearing pads, the bearing pad splints are clamped on both sides of the bearing pads, the contact surface of the bearing pads is provided with an oil groove, the oil groove is connected to the oil circuit interface on the bearing pad splint through the oil passage, and the oil circuit interface is connected to the lubricating oil circuit , the lubricating oil circuit is provided with a pressure sensor,

The main shaft rotation and moving mechanism includes a main shaft head, a main shaft box, a servo motor, a main power motor, and a first horizontal drive mechanism. , the spindle box is slidably arranged on the platform through the guide rail assembly, the spindle box is driven to move by the first horizontal drive mechanism, and the spindle head is respectively connected to the servo motor and the main power motor through the overrunning clutch.

The tail shaft moving mechanism includes a tail shaft head, a tail shaft support, and a second horizontal drive mechanism. The tail shaft support is slidably arranged on the platform through a guide rail assembly, and the tail shaft head is installed on the tail shaft support. The tail shaft support is driven to move by the second horizontal drive mechanism.

Further, a screw fine-tuning mechanism is provided between the bottom bracket and the bearing bracket, and the screw fine-tuning mechanism includes a central adjustment block and left and right screw rods. The central adjustment block is two symmetrical pieces, and the upper surface is a slope. On the surface, the bearing bracket is provided with a slope matching the center adjustment block, the left and right screw rods are respectively engaged with two center adjustment blocks, the center adjustment block is provided with a waist hole, and the bearing bracket is provided with bolts, The bolts are fastened through the side holes and the bottom bracket.

Further, a rack and pinion moving mechanism is installed between the bottom bracket and the foundation.

Further, both the first horizontal driving mechanism and the second horizontal driving mechanism are motor-driven rack and pinion transmission mechanisms.

Further, the milling cutter moving mechanism is a cross slide, which can move horizontally and vertically.

Further, the stop brake mechanism includes a lifting drive mechanism, a pressing roller, and a friction block. There are two pressing rollers, which are rotated at the output end of the lifting driving mechanism. The friction block is located between the pressing rollers. position between.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The spindle head of the present invention is equipped with a thimble and three connecting shafts. The detection is that the three connecting shafts are inserted into the three holes on the end face of the wheel shaft to realize the power connection. Compared with the friction transmission, there is no impact on the wheel pair axial direction The pressure can improve the precision, increase the transmission torque, and realize the rapid increase of the speed of the wheel set.

2. The spindle head of the present invention is respectively connected to the servo motor and the main power motor through the overrunning clutch, and can flexibly switch between high-precision rotation and high-torque transmission, which ensures the detection efficiency and the angular accuracy of weight removal.

3. The bearing mechanism of the present invention, the bottom bracket is provided with two door-shaped support parts, and the bottom bracket is also provided with a fixing part extending upward from the bottom surface, the fixing part and the supporting part do not touch each other, and the A vibration sensor is installed between the support part and the fixed part, and the vibration effect of the wheel set is amplified by the support part and the fixed part, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the vibration value.

4. The present invention adopts a gantry frame, on which the milling cutter moving mechanism and the stop brake mechanism are installed, which has a compact structure and a more reasonable layout.

5. In the bearing pad mechanism of the present invention, a screw fine-tuning mechanism is provided between the bottom bracket and the bearing pad bracket, and a rack and pinion moving mechanism is installed between the bottom bracket and the foundation, which can realize micro-adjustment of the bearing pad mechanism. Through fine-tuning, Eliminate installation errors and improve measurement accuracy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a kind of railway wheel automatic balancing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of a kind of railway wheel automatic balancing and weight-removing integrated machine according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft rotation and movement mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the tail shaft rotating and moving mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing pad mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a milling cutter moving mechanism and a milling head mechanism;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the stop brake mechanism.

In the picture:

1 gantry;

2 milling cutter moving mechanism;

3 milling head mechanism;

4 stop brake mechanism; 401 lifting drive mechanism; 402 pressing roller; 403 friction block;

5. Main shaft rotating and moving mechanism; 501 main shaft head; 502 main shaft box; 503 servo motor; 504 main power motor; 505 first horizontal driving mechanism; 506 overrunning clutch;

6 tail shaft moving mechanism; 601 tail shaft head; 602 tail shaft support; 603 second horizontal drive mechanism;

7 wheels up and down and positioning lifting mechanism;

8 bearing mechanism; 801 bearing bracket; 802 bearing; 803 bearing splint; 804 support part; 805 fixed part; 806 vibration sensor;

9 screw fine-tuning mechanism; 901 center adjustment block; 902 left and right screw rods;

10 rack and pinion moving mechanism.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-7, a railway wheel automatic balancing and deweighting machine includes a gantry 1, and two milling cutter moving mechanisms 2 are arranged on the gantry 1, and each milling cutter moving mechanism 2 is installed There is a milling head mechanism 3, the milling cutter of the milling head mechanism 3 faces obliquely downward to the side of the rim, and two sets of stop brake mechanisms 4 are arranged on the gantry 1, and the stop brake mechanism 4 is positioned on the rim directly above the

The bottom of the gantry 1 is provided with a wheel set up and down and a positioning lifting mechanism 7 and a bearing mechanism 8,

Both sides of the gantry 1 are respectively provided with a main shaft rotation moving mechanism 5 and a tail shaft moving mechanism 6,

The bearing pad mechanism 8 includes a bearing pad bracket 801, a bearing pad 802, a bearing pad splint 803, a bottom bracket, and a vibration sensor 806. The bottom bracket is installed on the foundation, and the bottom bracket is provided with two door-shaped support parts 804. The bottom bracket is also provided with a fixed portion 805 extending upward from the bottom surface, the fixed portion 805 and the support portion 804 are not in contact with each other, a vibration sensor 806 is installed between the support portion 804 and the fixed portion 805, and the support portion 804 A bearing bracket 801 is installed above, and a bearing 802 is fixedly installed in the bearing bracket 801. The bearing splint 803 is clamped on both sides of the bearing 802. The contact surface of the bearing 802 is provided with an oil groove, and the oil groove is connected through an oil passage. To the oil circuit interface on the bearing bush splint 803, the oil circuit interface is connected to the lubricating oil circuit, and the lubricating oil circuit is provided with a pressure sensor,

The main shaft rotation and moving mechanism 5 includes a main shaft head 501, a main shaft box 502, a servo motor 503, a main power motor 504, and a first horizontal driving mechanism 505. There are thimbles and three connecting shafts installed on it, and the detection is that the three connecting shafts are inserted into the three holes on the end face of the wheel shaft to realize the power connection. The first horizontal drive mechanism 505 is driven to move, and the spindle head 501 is respectively connected to the servo motor 503 and the main power motor 504 through the overrunning clutch 506,

The tail shaft moving mechanism 6 includes a tail shaft head 601, a tail shaft support 602, and a second horizontal drive mechanism 603. The tail shaft support 602 is slidably arranged on the platform through a guide rail assembly, and the tail shaft head 601 is installed on On the tail shaft support 602 , the tail shaft support 602 is driven to move by the second horizontal driving mechanism 603 .

In practical applications, a screw fine-tuning mechanism 9 is provided between the bottom bracket and the bearing bush bracket 801. The screw fine-tuning mechanism 9 includes a central adjustment block 901, left and right screw rods 902, and the central adjustment block 901 is symmetrical. The upper surface is a slope, the bearing bracket 801 is provided with a slope matching the center adjustment block 901, the left and right screw rods 902 are respectively engaged with the two center adjustment blocks 901, and the center adjustment block 901 A waist hole is provided, and the bearing pad bracket 801 is provided with bolts, and the bolts are fastened through the waist hole and the bottom bracket, and the height of the bearing pad bracket 801 can be fine-tuned by turning the screw rod 902, which has high flexibility and can be fine-tuned by , Eliminate installation errors and improve measurement accuracy.

In practical applications, a rack and pinion moving mechanism 10 is installed between the bottom bracket and the foundation, which can adjust the horizontal position of the bottom bracket and is applicable to wheelsets of various specifications.

In practical applications, both the first horizontal driving mechanism 505 and the second horizontal driving mechanism 603 are motor-driven rack and pinion transmission mechanisms.

In practical applications, the milling cutter moving mechanism 2 is a cross slide, which can move horizontally and vertically.

In practical applications, the stop brake mechanism 4 includes a lifting drive mechanism 401, a pressing roller 402, and a friction block 403. There are two pressing rollers, which are rotated at the output end of the lifting driving mechanism 401. The friction block 403 is located between the pinch rollers.

Working principle of the present invention:

It mainly includes the following steps:

1. The wheel set is lifted to the bearing bush by the wheel set up and down and positioning lifting mechanism;

2. The oil pump starts to oil the bearing bush, and the oil pressure is detected by the pressure sensor. After the oil pressure is in place, the first horizontal driving mechanism 505 drives the main shaft head 501 to extend out and connect with the wheel shaft. The servo motor 503 drives the main shaft head 501 to rotate no more than 120°. Insert the connecting shaft and thimble into the holes on the end face of the axle respectively.

4. The tail shaft head 601 is driven in place by the second horizontal drive mechanism 603,

5. The main power motor 504 is started, driving the wheelset to rotate at a high speed to 250 rpm;

6. After the speed reaches, the main shaft head 501 exits, and the tail shaft head 6012 exits;

7. The wheelset rotates by inertia and starts to measure through the vibration sensor;

8. The stop brake mechanism 4 starts to descend, presses the wheel rim, and brakes for no more than 10 seconds;

9. Spindle head 501 links the wheel set again, and drives the wheel set to slowly rotate to the starting point of the weight removal position on the left plane;

10. The left milling head mechanism descends to the cutting height;

11. The milling head mechanism on the left is fed to the cutting depth;

12. The milling head mechanism on the left returns;

13. The main shaft head 501 drives the wheel set to slowly rotate to the starting point of the weight removal position on the right plane;

14. The milling head mechanism on the right is lowered to the cutting height;

15. The milling head mechanism on the right is fed to the cutting depth;

16. The milling head mechanism on the right returns;

17. Repeat the measurement process of 2-7. If deduplication is still required, continue to perform the deduplication steps of 9-16. If deduplication is not required, terminate the cycle;

18. Cutting.

To sum up, the integrated machine for automatic balancing and deweighting of railway wheels according to the present invention has the advantages of accurate measurement, high degree of automation and simple appearance.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention. Protection scope, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A railway wheel automatic balancing machine is characterized in that: it comprises a gantry (1), and the gantry (1) is provided with two milling cutter moving mechanisms (2), and each milling cutter moves A milling head mechanism (3) is installed on the mechanism (2), the milling cutter of the milling head mechanism (3) faces the side of the rim obliquely downward, and two sets of stop brakes are also arranged on the gantry (1) mechanism (4), the stop brake mechanism (4) is directly above the rim, The bottom of the gantry (1) is provided with a wheel set up and down and a positioning lifting mechanism (7) and a bearing mechanism (8), Both sides of the gantry (1) are respectively provided with a main shaft rotation moving mechanism (5) and a tail shaft moving mechanism (6), The bearing pad mechanism (8) includes a bearing pad bracket (801), a bearing pad (802), a bearing pad splint (803), a bottom bracket, and a vibration sensor (806). The bottom bracket is installed on the foundation, and the bottom bracket is provided with two A door-shaped support part (804), the bottom bracket is also provided with a fixed part (805) extending upward from the bottom surface, the fixed part (805) and the support part (804) are not in contact with each other, and the support part A vibration sensor (806) is installed between (804) and the fixed part (805), a bearing bush bracket (801) is installed above the support part (804), and a bearing bush (802) is fixedly installed in the bearing bush bracket (801). , the two sides of the bearing pad (802) clamp the bearing pad splint (803), the contact surface of the bearing pad (802) is provided with an oil groove, and the oil groove is connected to the oil circuit interface on the bearing pad splint (803) through the oil passage, The oil circuit interface is connected to a lubricating oil circuit, and the lubricating oil circuit is provided with a pressure sensor, The main shaft rotation and moving mechanism (5) includes a main shaft head (501), a main shaft box (502), a servo motor (503), a main power motor (504), a first horizontal drive mechanism (505), and the main shaft head (501 ) is installed in the spindle box (502) for rotation, and a thimble and three connecting shafts are installed on the spindle head (501). ) is driven to move by the first horizontal drive mechanism (505), and the spindle head (501) is respectively connected to the servo motor (503) and the main power motor (504) through the overrunning clutch (506), The tail shaft moving mechanism (6) includes a tail shaft head (601), a tail shaft support (602), and a second horizontal drive mechanism (603), and the tail shaft support (602) is slidably arranged on the platform through a guide rail assembly Above, the tail shaft head (601) is installed on the tail shaft support (602), and the tail shaft support (602) is driven to move by the second horizontal driving mechanism (603). 2. A railway wheel automatic balancing and weight-removing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a screw fine-tuning mechanism (9) is also arranged between the bottom bracket and the bearing bracket (801), and the The screw fine-tuning mechanism (9) includes a central adjustment block (901) and left and right screw rods (902). The central adjustment block (901) is two symmetrical pieces, and the upper surface is a slope surface. The bearing bracket (801) is set There is a slope matching the center adjustment block (901), the left and right screw rods (902) are respectively engaged with two center adjustment blocks (901), the center adjustment block (901) is provided with a waist hole, and the bearing bush The bracket (801) is provided with bolts, and the bolts pass through the waist hole and the bottom bracket for fastening. 3. The integrated machine for automatic balancing and deweighting of railway wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rack and pinion moving mechanism (10) is also installed between the bottom bracket and the foundation. 4. A railway wheel automatic balancing and weight-removing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: both the first horizontal drive mechanism (505) and the second horizontal drive mechanism (603) are motor-driven gears Rack drive mechanism. 5. The integrated machine for automatic balancing and weight removal of railway wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: the milling cutter moving mechanism (2) is a cross slide, which can move horizontally and vertically. 6. The integrated machine for automatic balancing and weight removal of railway wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stop brake mechanism (4) includes a lifting drive mechanism (401), a pressing roller (402), a friction The block (403), the pinch rollers (402) are provided with two, and the rotation is arranged on the output end of the lifting drive mechanism (401), and the friction block (403) is located between the pinch rollers (402).