CN119268564A - A device and method for calibrating delay amount of adjustable optical fiber delay line based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement - Google Patents
A device and method for calibrating delay amount of adjustable optical fiber delay line based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B9/02—Interferometers
- G01B9/02015—Interferometers characterised by the beam path configuration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G01B9/02055—Reduction or prevention of errors; Testing; Calibration
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于激光圆偏振位移测量的可调光纤延迟线延迟量校准装置和方法，包括：通过迈克尔逊干涉仪模块产生干涉信号，其中参考镜使用不改变相位的光纤反射镜，测量镜使用可使光的相位改变90°的法拉第旋转镜，两者配合实现测量信号和参考信号的90°相位差，再进入激光圆偏振位移测量模块，使用基于正余弦信号切换的干涉条纹处理方法处理信号，得到相位变化量，通过关系式即可获得总的位移量。由总的位移量即可解算出光延迟量实现可调光纤延迟线延迟量的测量校准。
The present invention discloses a device and method for calibrating the delay amount of an adjustable optical fiber delay line based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement, comprising: generating an interference signal through a Michelson interferometer module, wherein a reference mirror uses an optical fiber reflector that does not change the phase, and a measuring mirror uses a Faraday rotator that can change the phase of light by 90°, and the two cooperate to achieve a 90° phase difference between the measurement signal and the reference signal, and then enter the laser circular polarization displacement measurement module, and use an interference fringe processing method based on sine and cosine signal switching to process the signal to obtain a phase change amount, and the total displacement amount can be obtained through a relational expression. The light delay amount can be solved from the total displacement amount to realize the measurement and calibration of the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geometric measurement, and particularly relates to an adjustable optical fiber delay line delay amount calibration device and method based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement.
Background
The delay-quantity-adjustable optical fiber delay line consists of an input optical fiber collimator, an output optical fiber collimator and a motion device, and is used for projecting light into free space and collecting the light into an optical fiber again, and the optical path delay time can be controlled by changing the propagation distance of the light through the motion device. Controlling the relative distance between the input and output optical ports (single pass), or the distance that light travels when passing through the movable mirror (double pass), can precisely control the distance that light travels in free space. Essentially, the spatial distance value and the displacement in a variable range are accurately measured.
The existing performance test method of the optical fiber delay line is mainly estimated by methods such as time reflection, displacement comparison and the like, and the absolute time delay measurement precision is low, so that the technical requirement cannot be met, so that an effective calibration method is not yet available, the traceability technology is blank, the quality and precision improvement of related products of the optical fiber delay line are severely limited, and a plurality of key technologies or key technical indexes applied in related industries are difficult to break through.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an adjustable optical fiber delay line delay amount calibration device and method based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an adjustable optical fiber delay line delay amount calibration device based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement, comprising:
the laser is used for emitting laser to the Michelson interferometer module;
A moving module for generating an optical path difference by moving a retardation amount of the control light;
The Michelson interferometer module is used for changing the optical path difference in the moving process of the moving module to generate an interference signal containing a phase difference, wherein the moving process is driven by the moving module;
And the processing module is used for analyzing and processing the interference signals and completing calibration.
Optionally, the Michelson interferometer module includes a fiber coupler, a fiber optic mirror, a first collimator, a Faraday rotator mirror, and a reflecting prism.
Optionally, the fiber coupler is a 50/50 fiber coupler.
Optionally, in the michelson interferometer module, after the movement of the movement module is completed, the optical path generated by the laser emitted by the laser in the michelson interferometer module includes a displacement reference optical path and a displacement measurement optical path, wherein,
The trend of the displacement reference light path comprises an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber reflector;
The trend of the displacement measuring light path comprises an optical fiber coupler, a first collimator, a reflecting prism and a Faraday rotating mirror.
Optionally, in the michelson interferometer module, the laser signal reflected by the optical fiber mirror is a reference signal, the laser signal reflected by the faraday rotation mirror is a measurement signal, and a phase difference between the reference signal and the measurement signal is 90 °.
Optionally, the processing module comprises a plurality of collimators, a plurality of analyzers and a plurality of photodetectors, wherein,
The photoelectric detector is used for analyzing and processing the interference signals passing through the collimator and the analyzer to obtain optical path difference, processing the optical path difference to obtain time delay amount, and completing calibration based on the time delay amount.
The invention also provides a method for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement, which comprises the following steps:
After the moving module finishes moving, the laser emits laser, the delay amount of the light is controlled through moving, optical path difference is generated, interference signals containing the phase difference are obtained through an optical path, analysis processing is carried out on the interference signals, and calibration is completed.
Optionally, the optical path comprises an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber reflector, a first collimator, a Faraday rotator mirror and a reflecting prism.
The invention also provides a computer terminal device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory coupled to the processor for storing one or more programs;
The one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform various steps of a method for calibrating the delay amount of an adjustable optical fiber delay line, such as a method based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of a method for calibrating the retardation of an adjustable optical fiber retardation line, such as a method based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
The device comprises a laser used for emitting laser to a Michelson interferometer module, a moving module used for generating optical path difference by moving to control the delay of light, the Michelson interferometer module used for generating interference signals containing phase difference in the moving process of the moving module, and a processing module used for analyzing and processing the interference signals and completing calibration. The invention adopts the laser circular polarization displacement measurement method to process and demodulate the signals, and adopts the interference fringe processing method of sine and cosine signal switching, thereby improving the measurement precision. The invention adopts the Michelson interferometer with the all-fiber structure to convert the displacement measurement result into the light propagation time delay quantity, thereby innovating and enriching the design of laser displacement interference. The invention combines a Michelson interferometer and a laser circular polarization displacement measurement method, and realizes the purpose of calibrating the optical delay of the adjustable optical fiber delay line.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the laser device comprises a reference numeral 1, a laser device, a2, an optical isolator, a 3, an optical fiber coupler, a 4, an optical fiber reflector, a 5, a first collimator, a 6, a Faraday rotary mirror, a 7, a reflecting prism, a 8, a guide rail, a 9, a second collimator, a 10, a quarter wave plate, a 11, a first common light splitting prism, a 12, a second common light splitting prism, a 13, a first analyzer, a 14, a second analyzer, a 15, a third analyzer, a 16, a first photoelectric detector, a 17, a second photoelectric detector and a 18, a third photoelectric detector.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an adjustable optical fiber delay line delay amount calibration device based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement, which includes:
A laser 1 for emitting laser light to the michelson interferometer module;
A moving module for generating an optical path difference by moving a retardation amount of the control light;
the Michelson interferometer module is used for generating interference signals containing phase differences in the moving process, wherein the moving process is driven by the moving module;
And the processing module is used for analyzing and processing the interference signals and completing calibration.
In an alternative implementation, when the mobile module controls the delay amount of light through movement, in order to simulate an optical fiber delay line and provide an optical path difference for the Michelson interferometer, specifically, in the measuring process, the upper computer controls the guide rail 8 to move in the mobile module to generate the optical path difference.
As an optional implementation mode, the processing module adopts a laser circular polarization displacement measurement mode to process, and the processing module comprises a signal processing method adopting sine-cosine switching to reduce errors generated by A/D and DC signal noise and improve measurement accuracy, and the measured signal is demodulated to realize adjustable optical fiber delay line delay amount calibration.
Specifically, an optical isolator 2 is connected between the laser 1 and the michelson interferometer module.
As an alternative embodiment the michelson interferometer module comprises a fiber coupler 3, a fiber mirror 4, a first collimator 5, a faraday rotator mirror 6 and a reflecting prism 7.
As an alternative embodiment, the optical fiber coupler 3 is any one of a 50/50 optical fiber coupler, a 70/30 optical fiber coupler and an 80/20 optical fiber coupler, and preferably a 50/50 optical fiber coupler.
In an alternative embodiment, in the michelson interferometer module, during the movement of the movement module, the optical path generated by the laser 1 in the michelson interferometer module includes a displacement reference optical path and a displacement measurement optical path, where,
The trend of the displacement reference light path comprises an optical fiber coupler 3 and an optical fiber reflector 4;
the trend of the displacement measuring light path comprises an optical fiber coupler 3, a first collimator 5, a reflecting prism 7 and a Faraday rotary mirror 6.
The optical fiber mirror 4 does not change the phase, and the faraday rotator 6 can change the phase by 90 °.
As an alternative embodiment, in the michelson interferometer module, the laser signal reflected by the fiber optic mirror 4 is a reference signal, and the laser signal reflected by the faraday rotator mirror 6 is a measurement signal, and the phase difference between the reference signal and the measurement signal is 90 °.
As an incremental implementation manner, the interference signals formed by the reference light path and the measuring light path are subjected to a laser circular polarization interference nano displacement measurement system to obtain the displacement of the movement of the guide rail 8, and then the corresponding delay amount, namely the optical delay amount of the optical fiber delay line, is calculated.
As an alternative embodiment, the processing module comprises a plurality of collimators, a plurality of analyzers and a plurality of photodetectors, wherein,
The photoelectric detector is used for analyzing and processing the interference signals passing through the collimator and the analyzer to obtain optical path difference, processing the optical path difference to obtain time delay amount, and completing calibration based on the time delay amount.
As an added embodiment, the processing module includes a second collimator 9, a quarter wave plate 10, a first ordinary beam splitter prism 11, a first analyzer 13, a first photodetector 16, a second ordinary beam splitter prism 12, a second analyzer 14, a third analyzer 15, a second photodetector 17, and a third photodetector 18.
The following describes the optical path in the processing module with reference to the components specifically included in the processing module:
As an added embodiment, the measuring light signal trend of the first photodetector 16 comprises a fiber coupler 3, a second collimator 9, a quarter wave plate 10, a first common beam splitter prism 11, a first analyzer 13 and a first photodetector 16.
The measuring light signal trend of the second photoelectric detector 17 comprises an optical fiber coupler 3, a second collimator 9, a quarter wave plate 10, a first common beam splitting prism 11, a second common beam splitting prism 12, a second analyzer 14 and the second photoelectric detector 17.
The measuring light signal trend of the third photoelectric detector 18 comprises an optical fiber coupler 3, a second collimator 9, a quarter wave plate 10, a first common beam splitting prism 11, a second common beam splitting prism 12, a third analyzer 15 and the third photoelectric detector 18.
As an additional embodiment, the light passing direction of the first analyzer 13 is parallel to the horizontal direction, the light passing direction of the second analyzer 14 is 45 ° to the horizontal direction, and the light passing direction of the third analyzer 15 is 90 ° to the horizontal direction.
Based on the above, the device for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a laser used for emitting laser to a Michelson interferometer module, a moving module used for generating an optical path difference by moving the delay amount of control light, the Michelson interferometer module used for generating an interference signal containing the phase difference in the moving process of the moving module, and a processing module used for analyzing and processing the interference signal and completing calibration. The invention adopts the laser circular polarization displacement measurement method to process and demodulate the signals, and adopts the interference fringe processing method of sine and cosine signal switching, thereby improving the measurement precision. The invention adopts the Michelson interferometer with the all-fiber structure to convert the displacement measurement result into the light propagation time delay quantity, thereby innovating and enriching the design of laser displacement interference. The invention combines a Michelson interferometer and a laser circular polarization displacement measurement method, and realizes the purpose of calibrating the optical delay of the adjustable optical fiber delay line.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement. The method for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement, which is provided by the invention, is described below, and the method for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement and the device for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement, which are described above, can be correspondingly referred to each other, and the method comprises the following steps:
After the moving module finishes moving, the laser emits laser, the delay amount of the light is controlled through moving, optical path difference is generated, interference signals containing the phase difference are obtained through an optical path, analysis processing is carried out on the interference signals, and calibration is completed.
As an alternative embodiment, the optical path includes a fiber coupler 3, a fiber mirror 4, a first collimator 5, a faraday rotator mirror 6, and a reflecting prism 7.
The specific process comprises the following steps:
Step 1, adjusting an initial state before measurement:
Under the normal working condition of the laser light source module, the displacement value of the guide rail is adjusted to be zero through the upper computer, and the laser light source module adopts a laser.
Step 2, displacement measurement:
The laser 1 generates a beam of laser and is coupled into an optical fiber, the laser is divided into two beams of light through an optical fiber coupler 3 after passing through an optical isolator, one beam of light is emitted from the optical fiber and then emitted to a reference mirror, namely an optical fiber reflector 4, and then reflected back to the optical fiber, and the other beam of light is emitted to a measuring mirror, namely a Faraday rotator 6 after passing through a reflecting prism 7, and the phase is changed by 90 degrees and then re-enters the optical fiber. The two paths of laser are coupled at the optical fiber coupler 3 and then enter the displacement measuring module. In the measuring process, the upper computer controls the guide rail in the moving module to move, so that optical path difference is generated. The optical fiber coupler 3 is preferably a 50:50 optical fiber coupler, and can be any one of a 70/30 optical fiber coupler and an 80/20 optical fiber coupler.
Step 3, signal processing:
The three paths of signals measured by the photoelectric detector firstly pass through the proportional operational amplifier circuit to make the amplitudes of the alternating current components of the three paths of signals equal, then the first path of signals, the second path of signals and the direct current flow pass through the addition and subtraction circuit, and the second path of signals, the third path of signals and the other direct current flow pass through the addition and subtraction circuit to eliminate the direct current component in the output signals. And then processing the signals by using an interference fringe processing method based on sine and cosine signal switching to obtain a phase variation, and obtaining the total displacement through a relational expression. The optical delay amount can be calculated from the total displacement amount.
As an alternative embodiment, the signals received by the three photodetectors are respectively:
Wherein a 1、a2、a3 is the direct current component of the three signals, b 1、b2、b3 is the alternating current component amplitude of the three signals, θ=4pi/λx, and x represents the displacement.
The three paths of signals firstly pass through the proportional operational amplifier circuit so that the amplitudes of the alternating current components are equal. Let the output signals be D 11、 D12、 D13 respectively. Then the first path and the second path of signals and the direct current flow pass through an addition and subtraction circuit,
The second and third signals and another direct current quantity pass through an addition and subtraction circuit.
As an incremental implementation, let the output signals be S1 and S2, respectively, with the formula:
S2＝bcos(θ+3π/4)-bcos(θ+π/4)+(a6-a5+c2)=-Acosθ (3)
Wherein b is the amplitude of the alternating current signal, θ is the phase, A is A 4、a5、 a6 is the dc component of D 11, D12, D13, c1=a5-a 4, c2=a6-a 5.
As an incremental implementation mode, the signal is processed by an interference fringe processing method based on sine and cosine signal switching, the total phase change quantity is pi/4 multiplied by the value n of a counter, and the phase theta less than one counting period pi/4 is added, wherein the phase theta less than one counting period is calculated by adopting a corrected theta formula.
The expression of the total displacement x is:
where λ is the laser wavelength, θ is the phase, and pi/4 is the counting period.
Step 4, measuring time delay amount:
the time delay amount can be calculated from the relationship between the displacement amount x measured by signal demodulation and the time delay amount Δt.
As an incremental embodiment, the relationship between the displacement x measured by signal demodulation and the time delay Δt is:
Where c is the speed of light, and the amount of time delay can be calculated from equation (5).
The invention generates interference signals through a Michelson interferometer module, wherein a reference mirror uses an optical fiber reflector which does not change the phase, a measuring mirror uses a Faraday rotating mirror which can change the phase of light by 90 degrees, the Faraday rotating mirror and the measuring mirror are matched to realize the 90-degree phase difference of a measuring signal and the reference signal, the signals enter a laser circular polarization displacement measuring module, the signals are processed by an interference fringe processing method based on sine and cosine signal switching, the phase change quantity is obtained, and the total displacement quantity can be obtained through a relation. The total displacement can be used for calculating the optical delay quantity to realize the measurement and calibration of the delay quantity of the adjustable optical fiber delay line.
It should be understood that the method for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement provided by the embodiment of the invention has all the advantages of the device for calibrating the delay amount of the adjustable optical fiber delay line based on the laser circular polarization displacement measurement provided by the embodiment.
The invention also provides a computer terminal device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory coupled to the processor for storing one or more programs;
The one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform various steps of a method for calibrating the delay amount of an adjustable optical fiber delay line, such as a method based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of a method for calibrating the retardation of an adjustable optical fiber retardation line, such as a method based on laser circular polarization displacement measurement.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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