CN119427851A - 一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料及其制作工艺 - Google Patents

一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料及其制作工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119427851A
CN119427851A CN202411489052.XA CN202411489052A CN119427851A CN 119427851 A CN119427851 A CN 119427851A CN 202411489052 A CN202411489052 A CN 202411489052A CN 119427851 A CN119427851 A CN 119427851A
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
fabric
fiber
antistatic
nylon
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CN202411489052.XA
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Inventor
彭新和
留少雄
刘静仪
李世平
刘长申
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Jinjiang Longxinglong Dyeing & Weaving Industrial Co ltd
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Jinjiang Longxinglong Dyeing & Weaving Industrial Co ltd
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Priority to CN202411489052.XA priority Critical patent/CN119427851A/zh
Publication of CN119427851A publication Critical patent/CN119427851A/zh
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料及其制作工艺，属于尼龙面料技术领域，包括依次复合的胚布层、除菌防静电层、保暖层、防污防水层，胚布层与除菌防静电层之间通过粘结层复合连接，胚布层选用尼龙20D胚布，除菌防静电层，为50%的防静电纤维和50%除菌纤维进行混纺制成的混纺面料，粘结层由多个平行的热熔胶膜组成，保暖层为在除菌防静电层外部喷涂一层气凝胶，防污防水层为整个面料浸润无氟防水剂鲁道夫ECO后烘焙成型，经本工艺处理后，本发明的面料布面具有优异的防水防污、除菌防静电、以及防止绒毛脱落和抗起球的特性，同时也具有耐久性光泽感及起皱风格和保暖性能，非常适合用于时尚羽绒服、风衣、夹克的面料，满足消费者对时尚与品质的追求。

Description

一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料及其制作工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及尼龙面料技术领域，特别是涉及一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料及其制作工艺。
背景技术
随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，纺织面料行业正面临着前所未有的挑战与机遇，消费者对于纺织面料的需求不再仅仅局限于基本的穿着功能，而是更加注重面料的视觉美感、体感舒适度以及多功能性，特别是在户外运动、时尚服饰及高端家居装饰等领域，对纺织面料的防水、防绒、保暖以及耐久性等性能提出了更高要求，近年来，市场上出现了一种模仿树皮纹路的面料，即树皮皱面料，其独特的质感和立体感深受消费者喜爱，然而，目前市场上的树皮皱面料大多采用棉、涤纶等材料制成，这些材料在光泽度和耐磨性上难以与尼龙相媲美，传统尼龙面料虽然具有优良的耐磨性、耐化学性和自润滑性等特点，但在光泽度和纹理多样性方面存在局限性，难以满足市场对高端、个性化面料的追求，现有技术中，尼龙面料的加工过程通常包括退浆、染色、烘干等步骤，但在制备具有树皮皱效果的面料时，往往存在树皮皱不均匀、光泽度不足、手感偏硬等问题，这些问题不仅影响了面料的外观美观度，也降低了其穿着舒适度，此外，由于尼龙材料的特殊性质，如吸湿性大、尺寸稳定性差、不具有抗菌功能、防污性能差等，而且尼龙材料在使用过程中易产生静电，影响穿着舒适度和容易使绒面起火等问题。
发明内容
为克服现有技术存在的技术缺陷，本发明提供一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料及其制作工艺，在进行制备时，容错率高，并在制备完成后，面料布面具有优异的防水防污、除菌防静电、以及防止绒毛脱落和抗起球的特性，同时也具有耐久性光泽感及起皱风格和优良的保暖性能等优点。
本发明采用的技术解决方案是：一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料，包括依次复合的胚布层、除菌防静电层、保暖层、防污防水层，所述胚布层与所述除菌防静电层之间通过粘结层复合连接，所述胚布层选用尼龙20D胚布，所述除菌防静电层，为50%的防静电纤维和50%除菌纤维进行混纺制成的混纺面料，混纺时中间留有透气孔，采用所述防静电纤维和所述除菌纤维混纺的形式可以保证面料的轻薄的情况下具有防静电性和除菌性能，所述粘结层由多个平行的热熔胶膜组成，所述保暖层为在除菌防静电层外部喷涂一层气凝胶，所述防污防水层为整个面料浸润无氟防水剂鲁道夫ECO后烘焙成型。
优选的，为了保证获得一定厚度、柔软度和透气性的胚布，所述尼龙20D胚布是采用经线密度225条和纬线密度180条的尼龙长丝胚编织而成，所述尼龙长丝是通过聚酰胺树脂的熔融纺丝法制备，在纺丝过程中，所述聚酰胺树脂被加热至熔融状态，然后通过纺丝机器的喷丝孔挤出，形成连续的细丝，纺丝速度采用3000m/min以上的高速纺，尼龙材料具有良好的耐磨性，尼龙材料还对霉菌有较好的抵抗能力，尼龙长丝胚布易于进行后续的染色、印花等处理，胚布具有较好的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弹性恢复率等物理性能。
优选的，为了给所述面料添加防静电功能，所述防静电纤维为不锈钢金属导电纤维，所述不锈钢金属导电纤维是由高纯度、高耐腐蚀性的不锈钢经过熔炼与铸造、轧制与拉拔、热处理、表面处理与涂层等多个步骤制成，所述不锈钢金属导电纤维具有良好的导电性能，能够快速将静电荷导入地面，从而有效防止静电积累。
优选的，为了将除菌材料与所述防静电纤维共混，制成除菌防静电面料，这种方法可以确保除菌材料在纤维中均匀分布，从而赋予面料持久的除菌性能，所述除菌纤维为纳米银离子纤维、竹炭纤维、甲壳素纤维中的一种或多种。
一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料制作工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、配布：将胚布层、除菌防静电层分别纺织而成，再通过粘结层的热熔胶膜进行粘结。
步骤二、退浆：将配好的面料在温度 90-95℃及车速 50-60m/min 下进行退浆处理，按水量依次加入以下助剂，即每升水加入：在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入螯合剂1—4g/l；在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入液碱15--20g/l；在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入十二烷基磺酸钠3—6g/l作为精炼剂；
步骤三、定型：将退浆好的面料在车速在40—50码/分钟，经170℃烘培成型；
步骤四、压光：将定型好的面料在温度170度，速度20m/min，压光5次，目的是经过高温多次压光处理，可以使面料具有优异的防绒效果及超强的光泽感以及防止后续染色过程中消光；
步骤五、染色：将压光好的面料按每升水量依次加入助剂及酸性染料；染色温度100度；持温30--45分钟；
步骤六、固色：将染色好的面料在固色过程中按每升水量加入助剂，温度80度；保温30分钟；
步骤七、烘干：将固色好的面料予以烘干，供后工序加工，烘干温度为120—130℃，烘干速度为50—70码/分钟；
步骤八、涂覆保暖层：将混合好的气凝胶涂料均匀涂刷到烘干好的面料表面上；
步骤九、定型：将涂好保温层的面料先在一定量水中加入总液量4—6%的防水剂（鲁道夫ECO），车速在40—50码/分钟，经170℃烘培成型。
优选的，在步骤一中，为了确保所述不锈钢金属导电纤维其具有良好的导电性和防静电效果，以及确保其与所述防静电纤维的兼容性，针对所述除菌防静电层的纺织，首先要对所述防静电纤维和所述除菌纤维进行预处理，如清洗、烘干等，以去除表面杂质和水分，其次应特别注意不要损坏纤维的导电性和杀菌性能，混纺时使用专用的混纺设备，将所述防静电纤维和所述除菌纤维按照各50%进行混合，混纺过程中要确保纤维的均匀分布，避免出现纤维团块或分布不均的情况，最后将混纺后的纤维进行纺纱处理，制成纱线，纺纱过程中可根据需要加入适量的和毛油或其他助剂，以减少静电产生并提高纱线的质量。
优选的，在步骤八中，为了确保涂层外观平整光滑、无起鼓、裂纹和脱层等现象，在进行涂刷气凝胶涂料之前应彻底清洗面料基层表面，去除油污、浮灰等杂质，对面料基层进行打磨处理，确保表面平整、无凹凸或鼓起，还要确保面料基层表面完全干燥，无水分残留。
优选的，在步骤八中，为了严格控制涂料混合比例和涂刷厚度，涂覆所述气凝胶涂料时，应注意涂刷时应自上而下、先细部后大面进行，确保涂层均匀、无漏刷，第一遍涂刷厚度控制在0.5-1mm之间，待其完全干燥后再进行第二遍涂刷，第二遍涂刷厚度小于1mm，确保总厚度符合设计要求（一般小于2mm）。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明选用环保型尼龙材料，减少生产过程中的环境污染，符合现代人对绿色消费的需求，尼龙20D胚布可以保证在具有良好的柔软度和透气性情况下保持良好的耐磨性，不易发霉，易于后续的染色、印花等处理，而且，该胚布添加的除菌防静电层、保暖层、防污防水层，可以使面料具有优异的防水防污、除菌防静电、以及防止绒毛脱落和抗起球的特性，本发明的面料制作工艺中对胚布进行多次压光，可以使面料具有耐久性光泽感及起皱风格，非常适合用于时尚羽绒服、风衣、夹克的面料，满足消费者对时尚与品质的追求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的层状结构示意图。
图2为本发明除菌防静电层结构示意图。
图3为本发明胚布层纬向剖面结构示意图。
图4为本发明制作工艺流程示意图。
图5为本发明的性能测试图。
附图标记说明：图中：1、胚布层；2、粘结层；3、除菌防静电层；4、保暖层；5、防污防水层；6、经线；7、纬线；8、透气孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料，包括依次复合的胚布层1、除菌防静电层3、保暖层4、防污防水层5，胚布层1与除菌防静电层3之间通过粘结层2复合连接，胚布层1选用尼龙20D胚布，可以在保证柔软度和透气性的情况下使胚布具有耐磨，易上色等特性，除菌防静电层3，为50%的防静电纤维和50%除菌纤维进行混纺制成的混纺面料，混纺时中间留有透气孔8，采用防静电纤维和除菌纤维混纺的形式可以保证面料的轻薄的情况下具有防静电性和除菌性能，粘结层2由多个平行的热熔胶膜组成，可以对多层面料进行粘合，保暖层4为在除菌防静电层3外部喷涂一层气凝胶，可以使胚布具有较好的保温隔热功能，防污防水层5为整个面料浸润无氟防水剂鲁道夫ECO后烘焙成型，这样就可以使得该面料整体具有防水和防污性能。
尼龙20D胚布是采用经线6密度225条和纬线7密度180条的尼龙长丝胚编织而成，在编织过程中，可以根据需要调整经线6和纬线7的密度，以获得不同厚度、柔软度和透气性的胚布，尼龙长丝是通过聚酰胺树脂的熔融纺丝法制备，在纺丝过程中，聚酰胺树脂被加热至熔融状态，然后通过纺丝机器的喷丝孔挤出，形成连续的细丝，纺丝速度采用3000m/min以上的高速纺，尼龙材料具有良好的耐磨性，使得尼龙长丝胚布在长期使用中不易磨损，尼龙材料还对霉菌有较好的抵抗能力，使胚布不易发霉，尼龙长丝胚布易于进行后续的染色、印花等处理，以满足不同的市场需求，胚布具有较好的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弹性恢复率等物理性能。
防静电纤维为不锈钢金属导电纤维，不锈钢金属导电纤维是由高纯度、高耐腐蚀性的不锈钢经过熔炼与铸造、轧制与拉拔、热处理、表面处理与涂层等多个步骤制成，这样就可以确保给面料添加防静电功能，不锈钢金属导电纤维具有良好的导电性能，能够快速将静电荷导入地面，从而有效防止静电积累。
除菌纤维采用纳米银离子纤维，这样就可以将除菌材料与防静电纤维共混，制成除菌防静电面料，这种方法可以确保除菌材料在纤维中均匀分布，从而赋予面料持久的除菌性能，纳米银离子纤维的抑菌效果非常显著，纳米银离子能够破坏细菌的细胞结构，与细菌蛋白中的硫原子结合，导致细菌失活，从而达到杀菌目的，研究表明，纳米银离子可以杀灭数百种致病微生物，包括对抗菌素耐药菌同样具有杀灭作用，在医疗卫生领域，纳米银离子被广泛应用于各种抗菌产品中，如医用敷料、消毒剂等。
一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料制作工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、配布：将胚布层1、除菌防静电层3分别纺织而成，再通过粘结层2的热熔胶膜进行粘结。
步骤二、退浆：将配好的面料在温度 90-95℃及车速 50-60m/min 下进行退浆处理，按水量依次加入以下助剂，即每升水加入：在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入螯合剂1—4g/l；在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入液碱15--20g/l；在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入十二烷基磺酸钠3—6g/l作为精炼剂；
步骤三、定型：将退浆好的面料在车速在40—50码/分钟，经170℃烘培成型；
步骤四、压光：将定型好的面料在温度170度，速度20m/min，压光5次，目的是经过高温多次压光处理，可以使面料具有优异的防绒效果及超强的光泽感以及防止后续染色过程中消光；
步骤五、染色：将压光好的面料按每升水量依次加入助剂及酸性染料；染色温度100度；持温30--45分钟；
步骤六、固色：将染色好的面料在固色过程中按每升水量加入助剂，温度80度；保温30分钟；
步骤七、烘干：将固色好的面料予以烘干，供后工序加工，烘干温度为120—130℃，烘干速度为50—70码/分钟；
步骤八、涂覆保暖层4：将混合好的气凝胶涂料均匀涂刷到烘干好的面料表面上；
步骤九、定型：将涂好保温层的面料先在一定量水中加入总液量4—6%的防水剂（鲁道夫ECO），车速在40—50码/分钟，经170℃烘培成型。
在步骤一中，针对除菌防静电层3的纺织，首先要对防静电纤维和除菌纤维进行预处理，如清洗、烘干等，以去除表面杂质和水分，可以确定不锈钢金属导电纤维的规格和性能，确保其具有良好的导电性和防静电效果，同样需要检查除菌纤维的各项质量指标，以确保其与防静电纤维的兼容性，其次应特别注意不要损坏纤维的导电性和杀菌性能，混纺时使用专用的混纺设备，将防静电纤维和除菌纤维按照各50%进行混合，混纺过程中要确保纤维的均匀分布，避免出现纤维团块或分布不均的情况，最后将混纺后的纤维进行纺纱处理，制成纱线，纺纱过程中可根据需要加入适量的和毛油或其他助剂，以减少静电产生并提高纱线的质量。
在步骤八中，在进行涂刷气凝胶涂料之前应彻底清洗面料基层表面，去除油污、浮灰等杂质，对面料基层进行打磨处理，确保表面平整、无凹凸或鼓起，还要确保面料基层表面完全干燥，无水分残留，这样就可以确保涂层外观平整光滑、无起鼓、裂纹和脱层等现象。
在步骤八中，涂覆气凝胶涂料时，应注意涂刷时应自上而下、先细部后大面进行，确保涂层均匀、无漏刷，第一遍涂刷厚度控制在0.5-1mm之间，待其完全干燥后再进行第二遍涂刷，第二遍涂刷厚度小于1mm，确保总厚度符合设计要求（一般小于2mm），这样就可以严格控制涂料混合比例和涂刷厚度，保证面料具有一定性能的保温效果。
在进行制备完成后，进行性能测试，结果如图3所示。
实施例2
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供高透光陶瓷及其制备工艺，与实施例1相比，与实施例1中的区别在于，除菌防静电层3中的除菌纤维采用竹炭纤维，竹炭纤维具有一定的抑菌效果，但其具体抑菌率可能因不同产品和生产工艺而有所差异，经中国权威组织SGS检测，竹炭纤维在特定条件下（如24小时后）的病菌减少率可达到95%，这表明其具有较好的抑菌性能，竹炭纤维的抑菌效果主要得益于其吸附能力和远红外负离子的释放，这些特性有助于创造一个不利于细菌生长的环境。
在进行制备时步骤与实施例1相同。
在进行制备完成后，进行性能测试，结果如图3所示。
实施例3
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供高透光陶瓷及其制备工艺，与实施例1相比，与实施例1中的区别在于，除菌防静电层3中的除菌纤维采用甲壳素纤维甲壳素纤维对细菌有极强的抑制作用，抑菌率高达90%以上，甲壳素纤维的抗菌机理主要是通过其分子中带正电的氨基吸附细菌，与其细胞壁膜蛋白阴离子成分结合，阻碍细菌生长合成，导致细菌死亡，甲壳素纤维因其优异的抗菌性能和生物相容性，被广泛应用于医用纺织品、婴幼儿服装等领域。
在进行制备时步骤与实施例1相同。
在进行制备完成后，进行性能测试，结果如图3所示。
对比例1
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供高透光陶瓷及其制备工艺，与实施例1相比，与实施例1中的区别在于，除菌防静电层3中未采用除菌纤维，全部为不锈钢金属导电纤维纺织，纺织工艺和规格不变。
在进行制备时步骤与实施例1相同。
在进行制备完成后，进行性能测试，结果如图3所示。
结合实施例1至实施例3的测试数据和对比例1相比较，实施例1至实施例3的抑菌效果均远优于对比例1，对于面料清洗24小时后抑菌率测试，实施例1的抑菌效果最优，实施例3的抑菌效果次之，实施例2的抑菌效果一般，因此添加该除菌防静电层3的面料是在实际使用中有着明显的抑菌效果的，而且利用纳米银离子纤维所制作的该面料，抑菌效果最好。
以上显示和描述了本发明创造的基本原理和主要特征及本发明的优点，本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明创造精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内，本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (8)

1.一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料，其特征在于：包括依次复合的胚布层（1）、除菌防静电层（3）、保暖层（4）、防污防水层（5），所述胚布层（1）与所述除菌防静电层（3）之间通过粘结层（2）复合连接，所述胚布层（1）选用尼龙20D胚布，所述除菌防静电层（3），为50%的防静电纤维和50%除菌纤维进行混纺制成的混纺面料，所述粘结层（2）由多个平行的热熔胶膜组成，所述保暖层（4）为在除菌防静电层（3）外部喷涂一层气凝胶，所述防污防水层（5）为整个面料浸润无氟防水剂鲁道夫ECO后烘焙成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的尼龙超亮树皮皱面料，其特征在于：所述尼龙20D胚布是采用经线（6）密度225条和纬线（7）密度180条的尼龙长丝胚编织而成，所述尼龙长丝是通过聚酰胺树脂的熔融纺丝法制备，在纺丝过程中，所述聚酰胺树脂被加热至熔融状态，然后通过纺丝机器的喷丝孔挤出，形成连续的细丝，纺丝速度采用3000m/min以上的高速纺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的尼龙超亮树皮皱面料，其特征在于：所述防静电纤维为不锈钢金属导电纤维，所述不锈钢金属导电纤维是由高纯度、高耐腐蚀性的不锈钢经过熔炼与铸造、轧制与拉拔、热处理、表面处理与涂层等多个步骤制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的尼龙超亮树皮皱面料，其特征在于：所述除菌纤维为纳米银离子纤维、竹炭纤维、甲壳素纤维中的一种或多种。
5.一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料制作工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、配布：将胚布层（1）、除菌防静电层（3）分别纺织而成，再通过粘结层（2）的热熔胶膜进行 粘结；
步骤二、退浆：将配好的面料在温度 90-95℃及车速 50-60m/min 下进行退浆处理，按水量依次加入以下助剂，即每升水加入：在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入螯合剂1—4g/l；在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入液碱15--20g/l；在5-10分钟的时间内匀速加入十二烷基磺酸钠3—6g/l作为精炼剂；
步骤三、定型：将退浆好的面料在车速在40—50码/分钟，经170℃烘培成型；
步骤四、压光：将定型好的面料在温度170度，速度20m/min，压光5次，目的是经过高温多次压光处理，可以使面料具有优异的防绒效果及超强的光泽感以及防止后续染色过程中消光；
步骤五、染色：将压光好的面料按每升水量依次加入助剂及酸性染料；染色温度100度；持温30--45分钟；
步骤六、固色：将染色好的面料在固色过程中按每升水量加入助剂，温度80度；保温30分钟；
步骤七、烘干：将固色好的面料予以烘干，供后工序加工，烘干温度为120—130℃，烘干速度为50—70码/分钟；
步骤八、涂覆保暖层（4）：将混合好的气凝胶涂料均匀涂刷到烘干好的面料表面上；
步骤九、定型：将涂好保温层的面料先在一定量水中加入总液量4—6%的防水剂（鲁道夫ECO），车速在40—50码/分钟，经170℃烘培成型。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料制作工艺，其特征在于：在步骤一中，针对所述除菌防静电层（3）的纺织，首先要对所述防静电纤维和所述除菌纤维进行预处理，如清洗、烘干等，以去除表面杂质和水分，其次应特别注意不要损坏纤维的导电性和杀菌性能，混纺时使用专用的混纺设备，将所述防静电纤维和所述除菌纤维按照各50%进行混合，混纺过程中要确保纤维的均匀分布，避免出现纤维团块或分布不均的情况，最后将混纺后的纤维进行纺纱处理，制成纱线，纺纱过程中可根据需要加入适量的和毛油或其他助剂，以减少静电产生并提高纱线的质量。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料制作工艺，其特征在于：在步骤八中，在进行涂刷气凝胶涂料之前应彻底清洗面料基层表面，去除油污、浮灰等杂质，对面料基层进行打磨处理，确保表面平整、无凹凸或鼓起，还要确保面料基层表面完全干燥，无水分残留。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种尼龙超亮树皮皱面料制作工艺，其特征在于：在步骤八中，涂覆所述气凝胶涂料时，应注意涂刷时应自上而下、先细部后大面进行，确保涂层均匀、无漏刷，第一遍涂刷厚度控制在0.5-1mm之间，待其完全干燥后再进行第二遍涂刷，第二遍涂刷厚度小于1mm，确保总厚度符合设计要求。
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