CN1987132A - 用于复合材料的双螺纹螺钉 - Google Patents

用于复合材料的双螺纹螺钉 Download PDF

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CN1987132A
CN1987132A CNA2006100799217A CN200610079921A CN1987132A CN 1987132 A CN1987132 A CN 1987132A CN A2006100799217 A CNA2006100799217 A CN A2006100799217A CN 200610079921 A CN200610079921 A CN 200610079921A CN 1987132 A CN1987132 A CN 1987132A
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threaded portion
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
    • F16B5/0275—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread the screw-threaded element having at least two axially separated threaded portions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0031—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the screw being designed to be screwed into different materials, e.g. a layered structure or through metallic and wooden parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0047—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the ridge being characterised by its cross-section in the plane of the shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/10—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
    • F16B25/103—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws by means of a drilling screw-point, i.e. with a cutting and material removing action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F16B35/041—Specially-shaped shafts

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Abstract

用于复合材料的具有头部和轴部的改进的双螺纹紧固件。头部固定于轴部的一端和轴部在它的另一端包括一尖点。轴部包括上螺纹部分和下螺纹部分。下螺纹部分内的轴部直径大于上螺纹部分内的轴部直径。以这方式，随着该紧固件在工件中的转动，可以在围绕上螺纹部分的区域内储存产生的切屑。

Description

用于复合材料的双螺纹螺钉
技术领域
本发明总地涉及适用于固定工件的紧固件。更具体地，本发明涉及适合于与复合材料一起使用的双螺纹螺钉。
背景技术
当将传统的螺钉插入材料内时，能够产生残余物或切屑，并朝螺钉插入点的顶端移动。残余物能够保持在螺钉插入点处或附近的材料表面上，要求用砂磨或其它方法去除。残余物和移动的复合材料还可能造成“蘑菇状物”，在那里一堆或隆起的上升材料围绕着累钉头的周边。然后必须将蘑菇状物用锤子去除或迫使其回落，以保持平齐表面。
虽然对螺钉预钻孔可以减少表面上的剩余物和/或蘑菇状物，但是这技术费劳力和消耗时间。
若干专利揭示了关于固定工件的双螺纹螺钉。例如，授予Craven的美国专利号6,666,638揭示了具有多螺纹段的台面螺钉(deck screw)。上螺纹部分具有比下螺纹部分较小的螺距和上螺纹部分具有比下螺纹部分的外径较大的外螺纹直径。
授予McGovern的美国专利号6,966,737揭示了适合于与复合木材一起使用的具有上螺纹部分和下螺纹的台面螺钉。上螺纹部分的轴部具有比下螺纹部分内的轴部较大的直径，上螺纹部分比下螺纹部分具有单位长度内较多的螺纹。
授予Takasaki的美国专利号6,000,892揭示了具有上螺纹部分和下螺纹部分的木螺钉。上螺纹部分具有比下螺纹部分的螺纹角较大的螺纹角，以及上螺纹部分具有比下螺纹部分较小的导角。
美国专利申请号2004/0141827揭示了用于复合材料的具有由一无螺纹段分开的上螺纹部分和下螺纹部分的自攻螺钉。上螺纹部分的螺纹具有与下螺纹部分不一致的螺距。
授予Habermehl等人的美国专利号6,074,149揭示了具有上螺纹部分和下螺纹部分的螺纹紧固件。下螺纹部分具有比上螺纹部分的螺纹较大尺寸的螺纹和较大的横剖面积。
虽然这些结构具有它们的优越性，但是仍然需要有具有较高性能、还提供关于将残余物材料保持在工件的表面之下的最大可能性的改进的双螺纹螺钉或紧固件。
发明内容
本发明涉及使工件表面之上产生的残余材料最少的紧固件。本发明的紧固件或螺钉具有头部和轴部。轴部在一端连接于头部和包括在它的另一端的一尖点。轴部还包括靠近头部的上螺纹部分和靠近该尖点的下螺纹部分。在下螺纹部分处的轴部的直径大于上螺纹部分的轴部的直径。以这方式，随着由下螺纹部分产生切屑时，在工件的孔和上螺纹部分之间存在较大的空间，以容纳当螺钉正在复合材料内转动时产生的切屑。上螺纹部分具有比下部的主直径或外螺纹直径通常较小的主直径或外螺纹直径。此外，下螺纹部分的螺纹角比上螺纹部分的螺纹角小。通常，上螺纹部分的螺距比下螺纹部分的螺距小。
螺钉的头部设置有上表面和下表面。头部的下表面、即面对轴部的表面、可以设置有环形凹槽。环形凹槽提供敞开容积的区域，用于容纳在螺纹攻入材料时可以被被挤压出的切屑。随着螺钉头部与材料靠近，环形凹槽捕获在敞开容积的区域内存在的切削。环形凹槽较佳地朝内弯曲并带有半椭圆形状的轮廓。环形凹槽还可以被成形为具有凹口、锥形的轮廓，或提供用于捕获松散切屑的敞开容积区域的任何适当的形状。
螺钉头的上表面可以设置有适合于接受驱动工具的凹槽。该凹槽较佳地形成为凹入方形。该凹槽还可以被形成为用于接纳多种其它驱动工具、包括十字头和平头螺丝起子。
一旦螺纹攻入材料，具有比下螺丝部分的小直径或螺纹直径较小的小直径或内螺纹直径的上螺纹部分允许在由第一或下部分的诸螺纹在材料中产生的诸螺纹痕迹和上螺纹部分的小直径之间的诸环形内有较大的空间，用于在工件表面之下的孔中储存切屑或其它移动的材料。这样，本发明将减少——如果不是消除——在表面上的切屑和蘑菇形残留物。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例的平面视图。
图2是本发明的一实施例的端视图。
图3A-3E是沿着图2的线3-3截取的能够用于本发明的螺钉头结构的多个剖视图。
图4是适用于本发明螺钉上的尖端的细节图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了按照本发明的一较佳实施例的螺钉10。螺钉10包括头部11和轴部12。轴部12包括具有尖端16的锥形远端15。
轴部12包括最靠近头部11的上螺纹部分13和下螺纹部分14。上螺纹部分13具有一第一轴径21，以及下螺纹部分13具有比第一轴径21较大的一第二轴径22。第一轴径21也称为上部13的小螺纹直径。类似地，第二轴径22也称为下部14的小螺纹直径。从而，在下螺纹部分14内的轴部的横剖面积大于在上螺纹部分内的轴部的横剖面积。在操作中，上螺纹部分13的较小轴径21允许随着该轴部进入工件有用于在螺纹中保留切屑的较大空间，从而减少蘑菇状物和不需要的表面切屑。
参阅图1至4，尖端16设置有尖点，以便通过材料钻孔。在一较佳实施例中，尖端是如图4所示的尖锐的手钻尖端，但是尖端也可以是传统的螺钉尖端。
仍旧参阅图1，下螺纹部分14设置有起始有尖端16或靠近该尖端和连接直至下螺纹部分14和上螺纹部分13的相交处27的螺纹18。在锥形远端15和尖端16上的螺纹18可以被制造为自攻螺纹。
具有螺纹17的上螺纹部分13可以与下螺纹部分14并列。在一较佳实施例中，螺纹17朝头部11连续和终止在上螺纹部分13和头部11的相交处或在该相交处附近。
上螺纹部分13的螺纹17具有一第一外径23和由从一螺纹上的一点(通常在一螺纹的尖顶上)到一相邻螺纹上的一相应点的轴向距离所形成的一第一螺距19。下螺纹部分14的螺纹14具有一第二外径24和一第二螺距20。第二外径24比第一外径23较大。在所示实施例中，下螺纹部分14的第二螺距20比上螺纹部分13的第一螺距19较大。但是，第二螺距20可以等于或小于第一螺距19。
上螺纹部分13的螺纹17具有由螺纹17的诸外表面形成的一第一螺纹角25。下螺纹部分14的螺纹18具有由螺纹18的诸外表面形成的一第二螺纹角26。在本发明中，第二螺纹角26较佳地小于第一螺纹角25。这又用于对本发明提供在上螺纹部分13附近能够保持切屑的目的。
现在参阅图1和3A，头部11具有一第一头部直径43和一第二头部直径44。第一头部直径43较佳地大于第二头部直径44，但其它实施例是可行的。较佳地，第一头部直径43大于下螺纹部分14的第二外螺纹直径24。头部11具有上表面42和下表面41。下表面41基本上平行于上表面42和包括环形凹槽40。环形凹槽40提供了用于捕获随着螺钉进入材料或工件或能挤压出来的附加的切削的敞开容积39的区域。随着螺钉10进入材料和头部11逐渐靠近材料，环形凹槽40在敞开容积39的区域捕获出来的切屑。环形凹槽40可以朝向弯曲，并带有如图3B所示的半椭圆形状的轮廓。参阅图3C-3E，环形凹槽40还可以被成形为具有凹口、锥形的轮廓或只要在工作状态下头部保持结构整体性提供用于捕获松散的切屑的敞形容积区域的任何适当的形状。
现在参阅图2和3A-E，头部11的上表面42设置有凹入敞开部分，以接纳能够用于驱动螺钉进入材料的一驱动工具。凹入的敞开部分30较佳地形成为凹入正方形。凹入敞开部分30还可以被形成为用于接纳其它不同的驱动工具、包括十字头和平头螺丝起子。
鉴于本揭示内容，螺钉12可以通过挤压坯料制成或者通过如该领域的那些熟练人员众所周知的其它方法制成。该螺钉可以由碳钢或用于制造复合螺钉的其它适当材料制成。该螺钉可以包复有电镀锌和与螺钉将安装在其中的的表面的颜色相配的顶部复层。
虽然已涉及复合本料叙述了本发明，但该领域的熟练人员会理解到本发明可应用于固定的其它产品和结构材料。虽然参照较佳实施例叙述了本发明，但不打算将本发明局限于以上实施例或附图。在以下权利要求书的原理和范围内的任何修改或变化都是本发明所考虑的一部分。

Claims (20)

1.一紧固件，该紧固件包括：
一头部；
具有一第一和第二端的一轴部，所述头部在轴部的第一端处固定于轴部并且在轴部的第二端具有一尖点；
所述轴部具有一上螺纹部分和一下螺纹部分，上螺纹部分比下螺纹部分靠近头端；以及
所述上螺纹部分具有一第一轴直径，下螺纹部分具有一第二轴直径，其中第一轴直径小于第二轴直径。
2.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分沿着所述轴部从所述头部延伸到所述下螺纹部分。
3.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分与所述下螺纹部分并列。
4.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分具有一第一螺纹角，所述下螺纹部分具有一第二螺纹角，其中第一螺纹角大于第二螺纹角。
5.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分具有一第一外螺纹直径，所述下螺纹部分具有一第二外螺纹直径，其中所述第一外螺纹直径小于所述第二外螺纹直径。
6.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分具有一第一螺距和所述下螺纹部分具有一第二螺距，其中所述第一螺距小于所述第二螺距。
7.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述尖点是一自攻尖点。
8.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述尖点是一手钻尖点。
9.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述头部设置有一顶表面和一底表面，所述顶表面具有用于接纳一驱动工具的一凹入部分，所述底表面具有一环形脊部。
10.如权利要求9所述的螺钉，其特征在于，所述凹入部分包括一方形孔。
11.如权利要求9所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述凹入部分包括一狭槽。
12.如权利要求9所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述环形脊部具有一V形横剖面。
13.如权利要求9所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述环形脊部具有一半椭圆形横剖面。
14.一紧固件，该紧固件包括：
一头部；
具有一第一和第二端的一轴部，所述头部在轴部的第一端处固定于轴部并且在轴部的第二端具有一尖点；
所述轴部具有一上螺纹部分和一下螺纹部分，上螺纹部分比下螺纹部分靠近头端；以及
所述上螺纹部分具有一第一轴直径和一第一螺纹角，所述下螺纹部分具有一第二轴直径和一第二螺纹角，其中第一轴直径小于第二轴直径，所述第一螺纹角大于所述第二螺纹角。
15.如权利要求14所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分沿着所述轴部从所述头部延伸到所述下螺纹部分。
16.如权利要求14所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分与所述下螺纹部分并列。
17.如权利要求14所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分具有一第一螺纹角，所述下螺纹部分具有一第二螺纹角，其中第一螺纹角大于第二螺纹角。
18.如权利要求14所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述上螺纹部分具有一第一外螺纹直径，所述下螺纹部分具有一第二外螺纹直径，其中所述第一外螺纹直径小于所述第二外螺纹直径。
19.如权利要求14所述的紧固件，其特征在于，所述头部设置有一顶表面和一底表面，所述顶表面具有用于接纳一驱动工具的一凹入部分，所述底表面具有一环形脊部。
20.一紧固件，该紧固件包括：
一头部；
具有一第一端和一第二端的一轴部，所述头部在轴部的第一端处固定于轴部并且在轴部的第二端具有一尖点；
所述轴部具有一上螺纹部分和一下螺纹部分，上螺纹部分比下螺纹部分靠近头端；以及
所述上螺纹部分具有一第一轴直径、一第一螺纹角和一第一外螺纹直径，所述下螺纹部分具有一第二轴直径、一第二螺纹角和一第二外螺纹直径，其中所述第一轴直径小于第二轴直径，所述第一螺纹角大于所述第二螺纹角，并且所述第一外螺纹直径小于所述第二外螺纹直径。
CNA2006100799217A 2005-12-22 2006-04-30 用于复合材料的双螺纹螺钉 Pending CN1987132A (zh)

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US11/315,985 2005-12-22

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CN103452992A (zh) * 2013-09-17 2013-12-18 上海美固澄梵紧固件有限公司 一种锚栓
CN103452992B (zh) * 2013-09-17 2016-01-20 上海美固澄梵紧固件有限公司 一种锚栓
CN106224351A (zh) * 2016-09-23 2016-12-14 沈建雄 一种变径紧固螺丝
CN106224351B (zh) * 2016-09-23 2019-03-08 沈建雄 一种变径紧固螺丝
CN109396933A (zh) * 2018-11-12 2019-03-01 广州启帆工业机器人有限公司 一种用于机械装备安装的可穿地脚杯
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CN110454477A (zh) * 2019-08-14 2019-11-15 江门市益丰电器实业有限公司 一种自攻螺丝

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US20070147973A1 (en) 2007-06-28

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