CS215103B2 - Electro-chrome plating apparatus with interchangeable light modulation - Google Patents

Electro-chrome plating apparatus with interchangeable light modulation Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CS215103B2
Authority: CS; Czechoslovakia
Prior art keywords: layer; electrochromic; sulfonic acid; ion; acid
Prior art date: 1976-10-27

Application number

CS776796A

Other languages

Czech (cs)

English (en)

Inventor

Thomas B Reddy

Original Assignee

American Cyanamid Co

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1976-10-27

Filing date

1977-10-19

Publication date

1982-07-30

1977-10-19 Application filed by American Cyanamid Co filed Critical American Cyanamid Co

1982-07-30 Publication of CS215103B2 publication Critical patent/CS215103B2/cs

Links

238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
-1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-naphthalen-1-ylethylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCNC(=O)CCC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
LGIJSZSKJPNGID-UHFFFAOYSA-N S1(=O)(=O)OCCO1.[Na] Chemical compound S1(=O)(=O)OCCO1.[Na] LGIJSZSKJPNGID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
229940023462 paste product Drugs 0.000 description 1
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=C BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte

Landscapes

Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Nonlinear Science (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

CS776796A 1976-10-27 1977-10-19 Electro-chrome plating apparatus with interchangeable light modulation CS215103B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US05/735,939 US4116545A (en)	1976-10-27	1976-10-27	Polymeric electrolyte for electrochromic display devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CS215103B2 true CS215103B2 (en)	1982-07-30

Family

ID=24957845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CS776796A CS215103B2 (en)	1976-10-27	1977-10-19	Electro-chrome plating apparatus with interchangeable light modulation

Country Status (18)

Country	Link
US (1)	US4116545A (nl)
JP (1)	JPS5360255A (nl)
BE (1)	BE860105A (nl)
BR (1)	BR7707181A (nl)
CA (1)	CA1074429A (nl)
CH (1)	CH632599A5 (nl)
CS (1)	CS215103B2 (nl)
DD (1)	DD133603A5 (nl)
DE (1)	DE2746973A1 (nl)
DK (1)	DK474677A (nl)
ES (1)	ES463610A1 (nl)
FR (1)	FR2369585A1 (nl)
GB (1)	GB1584314A (nl)
IT (1)	IT1090177B (nl)
MX (1)	MX145635A (nl)
NL (1)	NL7711095A (nl)
SE (1)	SE434890B (nl)
SU (1)	SU707536A3 (nl)

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CA1077608A (en) *	1977-10-13	1980-05-13	American Cyanamid Company	Preparation of improved electrochromic devices
US4174152A (en) *	1978-02-13	1979-11-13	American Cyanamid Company	Electrochromic devices with polymeric electrolytes
SU851320A1 (ru) *	1978-05-16	1981-07-30	Предприятие П/Я Р-6429	Электрохромный индикатор
CH637978A5 (fr) *	1979-05-03	1983-08-31	Ebauches Sa	Electrolyte polymerique pour dispositif electro-optique.
US4335938A (en) *	1979-08-30	1982-06-22	American Cyanamid Company	Electrochromic cells with improved electrolyte system
US4361385A (en) *	1980-10-23	1982-11-30	American Cyanamid Company	Electrochromic device containing acid copolymer electrolyte
US4550982A (en) *	1981-11-09	1985-11-05	Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.	All-solid-state display including an organic electrochromic layer with ion donor/acceptor
US4519930A (en) *	1982-01-11	1985-05-28	Kabushiki Kaisha Daini Seikosha	Electrochromic display device
JPS61138925A (ja) *	1984-12-12	1986-06-26	Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd	エレクトロクロミツクデイスプレイ素子
US4768865A (en) *	1987-06-10	1988-09-06	Ppg Industries, Inc.	Electrochromic window with metal grid counter electrode
FR2618566B1 (fr) *	1987-07-24	1992-04-17	Warszawski Bernard	Cellule pour la modulation de la lumiere
FR2618571B1 (fr) *	1987-07-24	1990-10-19	Warszawski Bernard	Materiau pour la modulation de la lumiere et procedes de fabrication
FR2618569B1 (fr) *	1987-07-24	1989-12-22	Warszawski Bernard	Technique de fabrication d'un dispositif pour la modulation de la lumiere
FR2618568B1 (fr) *	1987-07-24	1992-04-17	Warszawski Bernard	Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif pour la modulation de la lumiere
FR2618570B1 (fr) *	1987-07-24	1990-10-19	Warszawski Bernard	Procede de modulation de la lumiere
FR2618567B1 (fr) *	1987-07-24	1989-12-22	Warszawski Bernard	Dispositifs pour la modulation de la lumiere
FR2642890B1 (fr) *	1989-02-09	1991-04-12	Saint Gobain Vitrage	Materiau colloide conducteur de cations alcalins et applications a titre d'electrolytes
US5124832A (en) *	1989-09-29	1992-06-23	Ppg Industries, Inc.	Laminated and sealed electrochromic window
US5066111A (en) *	1989-09-13	1991-11-19	Ppg Industries, Inc.	Electrochromic window with integrated bus bars
AU7456991A (en) *	1990-03-06	1991-10-10	Dow Chemical Company, The	Electrochromic device
US5161048A (en) *	1990-12-26	1992-11-03	Ppg Industries, Inc.	Electrochromic window with metal grid counter electrode and acidic polyelectrolyte
CA2056937C (en) *	1990-12-26	1996-12-10	Kuo-Chuan Ho	Solid-state electrochromic device with proton-conducting polymer electrolyte
ES2048644B1 (es) *	1992-04-03	1996-10-01	Univ Valladolid	Dispositivo electromico con base monocapas de diftalocianinas de elementos de tierras raras y sus aplicaciones.
EP1004649A3 (en) *	1993-02-26	2000-07-26	Donnelly Corporation	Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices
US5910854A (en) *	1993-02-26	1999-06-08	Donnelly Corporation	Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices
US5668663A (en)	1994-05-05	1997-09-16	Donnelly Corporation	Electrochromic mirrors and devices
DE19622600C2 (de) *	1996-06-05	2001-08-02	Fraunhofer Ges Forschung	Elektrochrome Einheit
US7370983B2 (en)	2000-03-02	2008-05-13	Donnelly Corporation	Interior mirror assembly with display
US7167796B2 (en)	2000-03-09	2007-01-23	Donnelly Corporation	Vehicle navigation system for use with a telematics system
US7446924B2 (en)	2003-10-02	2008-11-04	Donnelly Corporation	Mirror reflective element assembly including electronic component
WO2009002556A1 (en) *	2007-06-27	2008-12-31	Gentex Corporation	Electrochromic device having an improved fill port plug
US8345345B2 (en)	2007-06-27	2013-01-01	Gentex Corporation	Electrochromic device having an improved fill port plug
US9057925B2 (en)	2013-03-15	2015-06-16	Gentex Corporation	Fill port plugs for electrochromic devices
US9454054B2 (en)	2013-11-18	2016-09-27	Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc.	Electro-optic mirror element and process of making same

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US2527300A (en) *	1948-03-18	1950-10-24	American Cyanamid Co	Copolymers of unsaturated sulfonic acids and polyunsaturated compounds
US2898311A (en) *	1955-06-08	1959-08-04	Asahi Chemical Ind	Sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin
US3320218A (en) *	1963-04-05	1967-05-16	Dow Chemical Co	Cross-linked sulfonated aliphatic hydrocarbon polymers
US3951521A (en) *	1964-06-02	1976-04-20	Xerox Corporation	Reversible radiant energy filter and process of using same
US3510418A (en) *	1966-02-24	1970-05-05	Tokuyama Soda Kk	Ion selective membrane
US3453038A (en) *	1966-06-15	1969-07-01	Du Pont	Compartmented electrochromic device
US3546142A (en) *	1967-01-19	1970-12-08	Amicon Corp	Polyelectrolyte structures
US3629082A (en) *	1969-04-22	1971-12-21	Valentin Alexeevich Kargin	Process for producing homogeneous polymeric cation-exchange materials
US3684747A (en) *	1970-04-22	1972-08-15	Du Pont	Method for increasing the liquid absorptive capacity of linear fluorocarbon sulfonic acid polymer
US3708220A (en) *	1970-05-25	1973-01-02	American Cyanamid Co	High conductivity electrolyte gel materials
US3704057A (en) *	1971-06-02	1972-11-28	American Cyanamid Co	Electrochromic device having identical display and counter electrode materials
US3819252A (en) *	1972-12-21	1974-06-25	American Cyanamid Co	Additives that increase the stability of electrochromic films in electrochromic devices
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US3840288A (en) *	1973-07-30	1974-10-08	Optel Corp	Electrochromic display having electro-catalyst
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US3970365A (en) *	1973-12-26	1976-07-20	American Cyanamid Company	Additives that increase the stability of electrochromic films in electrochromic devices
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1976
- 1976-10-27 US US05/735,939 patent/US4116545A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
1977
- 1977-09-19 CA CA286,964A patent/CA1074429A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-23 GB GB39823/77A patent/GB1584314A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-29 IT IT51204/77A patent/IT1090177B/it active
- 1977-10-10 NL NL7711095A patent/NL7711095A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-10-19 DE DE19772746973 patent/DE2746973A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-10-19 CS CS776796A patent/CS215103B2/cs unknown
- 1977-10-25 FR FR7732088A patent/FR2369585A1/fr active Pending
- 1977-10-26 MX MX171093A patent/MX145635A/es unknown
- 1977-10-26 SU SU772536049A patent/SU707536A3/ru active
- 1977-10-26 SE SE7712070A patent/SE434890B/sv unknown
- 1977-10-26 BE BE182052A patent/BE860105A/xx unknown
- 1977-10-26 CH CH1302477A patent/CH632599A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-26 BR BR7707181A patent/BR7707181A/pt unknown
- 1977-10-26 DK DK474677A patent/DK474677A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-10-27 DD DD7700201738A patent/DD133603A5/xx unknown
- 1977-10-27 JP JP12820777A patent/JPS5360255A/ja active Pending
- 1977-10-27 ES ES463610A patent/ES463610A1/es not_active Expired

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
SE7712070L (sv)	1978-04-28
BE860105A (fr)	1978-04-26
ES463610A1 (es)	1979-01-01
CH632599A5 (de)	1982-10-15
FR2369585A1 (fr)	1978-05-26
BR7707181A (pt)	1978-07-18
IT1090177B (it)	1985-06-18
SE434890B (sv)	1984-08-20
DD133603A5 (de)	1979-01-10
DE2746973A1 (de)	1978-05-11
US4116545A (en)	1978-09-26
CA1074429A (en)	1980-03-25
MX145635A (es)	1982-03-17
JPS5360255A (en)	1978-05-30
GB1584314A (en)	1981-02-11
DK474677A (da)	1978-04-28
NL7711095A (nl)	1978-05-02
SU707536A3 (ru)	1979-12-30

Publication	Publication Date	Title
CS215103B2 (en)	1982-07-30	Electro-chrome plating apparatus with interchangeable light modulation
US4231641A (en)	1980-11-04	Electro-optic device
EP0050734B1 (en)	1985-06-19	Electrochromic device containing acid copolymer electrolyte
TWI290009B (en)	2007-11-11	Electrochromic display device
TW463405B (en)	2001-11-11	Solid gel membrane
JPH04507006A (ja)	1992-12-03	エレクトロクロミック素子、この素子に使用する物質、この素子の製造方法及びエレクトロクロミックガラス装置におけるこの素子の使用
US3806369A (en)	1974-04-23	Light metal-sulfur organic electrolyte cell
US5215821A (en)	1993-06-01	Solid-state electrochromic device with proton-conducting polymer electrolyte and Prussian blue counterelectrode
JPH03504050A (ja)	1991-09-05	エレクトロクロミックデバイスおよびその製造方法
US4116546A (en)	1978-09-26	Electrochromic device with cationic ion exchange resin separator
US4215917A (en)	1980-08-05	Ion exchange-electrolyte layer for electrochromic devices
US2915579A (en)	1959-12-01	Separator for electric battery
SU851320A1 (ru)	1981-07-30	Электрохромный индикатор
US4478991A (en)	1984-10-23	Sulfonic acid copolymer electrolyte
JPS61138925A (ja)	1986-06-26	エレクトロクロミツクデイスプレイ素子
Panero et al.	1995	Electrochromic windows based on polyaniline, tungsten oxide and gel electrolytes
JPS6040614B2 (ja)	1985-09-11	特に電気光学的装置用重合体電解質の製法
KR850000135B1 (ko)	1985-02-27	소거성능이 개선된 전기발색 표시 장치
Harris et al.	1995	Lithium ion conductors and proton conductors: Effects of plasticizers and hydration
JPS6048023A (ja)	1985-03-15	エレクトロクロミツク素子
GB2005856A (en)	1979-04-25	Electrochromic device
JPH02198642A (ja)	1990-08-07	イオン導伝体
JPS63208025A (ja)	1988-08-29	高分子表示装置
JPS61143727A (ja)	1986-07-01	エレクトロクロミツクデイスプレイ素子
JPH06242473A (ja)	1994-09-02	エレクトロクロミック素子