CS217748B1 - Wiring for controlling microcontroller inputs - Google Patents

Abstract

Connection for controlling the inputs of the control microcomputer using manually controlled controllers and 'buttons. The connection allows to combine the advantages of communication by the interrupt system 1 with the interrogation system, eliminates repeated registration of the intervention and uses non-functional intermediate positions of the controllers. The essence of the invention is the connection of one or more controllers via the encoder and the input circuits of the bus with the inputs of the microcomputer, wherein the intermediate positions of the controllers are connected to the inputs of flip-flops, the outputs of which are connected via the input circuits of the bus 1 with the inputs of the microcomputer, wherein the outputs of these flip-flops are connected via the gate and the bus circuit of the gate with the microcomputer, while the first, second, or another button is connected to the input of the gate and via the common input circuit of the bus with the inputs of the microcomputer. The connection is intended for a computer that communicates with the controlled system, a screen display and a panel containing buttons and controllers, by which the parameters and the mode of the automatically controlled measurement or process are set.

Description

The invention relates to a circuit for controlling the inputs of a control microcomputer by means of manually operated controllers and buttons.

In the field of computer and instrument control, two concepts are gradually evolving after the introduction of microcomputer electronics. The classical concept assumes the connection of the controlled system via a special input / / output interface unit to a universal computer, usually a minicomputer, equipped with a set of standard computer peripherals. Operator control interventions are then transmitted to the human-computer communication level, which requires the operator to manage the computer system and the appropriate conversational language on the operator's side. Thus, the demands on operator qualifications are increasing, and these increased demands do not directly translate into improved work with the controlled system. The introduction of microcomputer electronics into practice enabled the construction of special and relatively very cheap computers for control purposes and opened the way for a new concept: the control computer is “hidden” within the complex consisting of the controlled system, possibly control screen display and manual control panel. The panel comprises controls corresponding to the individual functions of the controlled system or the parameters of the controlled process and, in particular, contains controls for calling up whole sequences or cycles of operations and automatic modes that would not be possible without the control microcomputer. The advantage of this concept is that it does not require computer skills in operating the controlled system. From the point of view of the automated system manufacturer, there is no need to buy universal computing and only program it, but specially developed microcomputer blocks are usually significantly cheaper and, because they are designed for a specific purpose, are much more powerful and faster.

One of the basic problems of designing an automated system with a hidden computer is how to connect the control panel as a computer input device. In most applications, the control computer must be ready to respond immediately to signals from the controlled system. The response to manual operator intervention from the panel must be so rapid that there is no doubt as to the operation of the control, but it cannot be, at least not always, an immediate type of interruption. The status of the control panel must therefore be quickly and simply sensed to a sufficiently frequent repetitive signal that the computer produces itself according to the instantaneous control status. This is associated with the problem of making the intervention signaling as easy as possible from a possibly large panel, and it is also necessary to ensure that a single intervention is not taken into account several times when the panel status is readily repeated, for example by pressing an electrically locked button. printing and thus canceling the function. The status of the panel can of course be continuously monitored and this activity interrupted during all communications with the controlled system. This unnecessarily consumes all idle time of the computer, which can be used, for example, to process data for display or output, etc. From the point of view of manual control, it is completely indifferent if the computer responds to intervention in a few seconds or in several tens of msec.

There are usually two ways to connect keyboards to computers: the interrupt system and the polling system. In the first case, pressing the button creates an immediate interruption of computer operation, in the second case the computer constantly asks for the status of the buttons. As already mentioned, the interrupt system is generally unusable for computer control purposes, since some computer operation that is urgent from a controlled system point of view could be disrupted. Conversely, the polling system wastes up all the computer time that is not used for urgent operations.

Controllers are rarely used as input to a computer, although they can be very convenient for setting some parameters. Usually they are involved in a questioning system with this disadvantage.

These disadvantages are eliminated by the circuit for controlling the inputs of the control microcomputer according to the invention, which is based on the fact that the first, second or further controller connected by the earth conductor is connected by odd numbers with the inputs of the first, second or further encoder whose outputs are connected. via the first, third or other bus input circuit with the microcomputer inputs, while the even numbers of the controller are connected to the adjusting input of the first, second or further flip-flop whose output is connected via the second, fourth, or other bus input circuit with the inputs of the microcomputer, wherein the outputs of the flip-flops are still connected to a gate whose output is connected via an input. gate bus circuit with microcomputer input, while the first, second, or other contactless button is connected by the first output to the gate input and across the common bus input circuit with the microcomputer input and second output via the first, second or further bus push circuit with microcomputer inputs .

The main advantages of control panel wiring are as follows: external interrupt signal with a frequency of several tens of Hz allows to combine the advantages of communication by interrupt system and interrogation system, because the response to operator intervention from the panel is fast enough display on screen, single signal testing in the case of inactive panel consumes · very short time counts217748 what, common button signal makes it easy to prevent re-registration of button presses and ultimate use of non-functional interfaces allows to equip the panel with rotary controllers without disrupting all previous advantages.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated in greater detail in the accompanying drawing, in which an example of a control panel connection is provided as an input device of a control computer.

The circuit consists of controllers R1, Ra to _Rn , the runners of which are connected to the ground conductor. The odd numbers of each of the controllers R1, Ra to _Rn are connected identically to the inputs of encoders Di, D2 to D _n , whose outputs are connected to bus input circuits Vi, V3 to V _n , which have outputs bi, ba and address inputs S connected to a microcomputer. The even numbers of the controllers Ri, Ra to R _n are connected in parallel to the inputs of Set flip-flops Ki, Ka to K ", and their Reset inputs are connected to the address input C. Outputs of flip-flops Ki, Ka to K _n are connected to input circuits bus Va, V4 to V _n , whose outputs Αι, A2 and address inputs S are connected to a microcomputer. The outputs of the flip-flops Κι, K2 to K _n are still connected to the gate inputs H, whose output is connected to the gate bus input circuit V _n , whose output A and the address input S are connected to the microcomputer. First, second, or other contactless key Τι, T2 to _Tn is connected to the first output of · the entrance gate and H via the common bus input circuit _with its output V T .a address input with a microcomputer. The second output of pushbuttons T1, T2 to _Tn is connected each via a separate pushbutton bus input circuit _Vt1 , _Vt2 to _Vtn , their outputs t1, tz and address inputs S to the microcomputer.

The essence of the connection is that for each controller R1, Rte to R _{n of the} control panel, the odd-numbered functional positions are alternated by non-functional, non-locked even-number intermediate positions. The odd positions of the odd numbers are applied to the input of the encoder Vi, V3 to V _n , which at its output produces the input of the microcomputer bi, -ba to b _n with a reasonable number of bits. Intermediate plates of even numbers are brought together to the setting input of flip-flop Κι, K2 to K _n , from whose output the input of microcomputer Αι, A2 to A _n is led. Each pushbutton Τι, Ta to T _n directly outputs a microcomputer input ti, te to t _n, and then the signals at the inputs ti, te to t _{n are} logically added to the signal at the microcomputer input

T. For the non-contact pushbuttons Ti, Ta to T _n , the second outputs can be connected directly without a summation gate. The signal at input T and all signals at input A are logically summed to input A by gate H. Inputs Aj, _bb ie, T and A are read using the respective addresses. By address C all flip-flop circuits K1, K2 to K1 are reset. The input I interrupt signal is generated on the computer display screen during its frame reverse run.

When the controller Ri is rotated from one to the other operating position, the controller slider R1 passes through a non-latched intermediate position and the pulse set adjusts the first flip-flop Ki, causing a state corresponding to the active signal at the input of the microcomputer Ai. The signal from flip-flop Ki is also passed to the summing gate input H, so that at the data input of the gate input circuit V _n for the A bit input to the microcomputer, the state is also active. As soon as the computer is not busy with high-priority urgent operations during the nearest frame-snapshot of the onscreen display, it takes into account the interrupt signal at input I and simply tests input A using a single address. If the signal at input A is inactive consumes a tiny proportion of the total computer time. This is also a very likely situation even with frequent panel interference. If it is detected that the signal at input A is active, the signal at input T can be used to determine if it is a button T ₍ , T ₂ to T _n) . input a _{1 (removes} the appropriate signal at the input _of b and executes the command represented by the new state. Finally, the address C Delete active input state a?

When pressing the first button T _x becomes active at input T _{1 (at} the same time the common signal input T after passing through the gate and also the signal H at the terminal A. Upon receiving the interrupt signal at input I is successively scans the signals at input A and T, and then the individual signals on inputs t ₄ , t ₂ are tested until the active signal is found, but the single-bit inputs t ;, a _{i (} T, A and multi-bit inputs bj may be suitably combined into the bit inputs). _It is important to ensure that the next time you receive the signal at input I, the button is not taken into account again, as the second press of the button usually disables its function. more urgent signals from the controlled system, so this arrangement is manifested in such a way that the entire panel is blocked n, until the operator releases the button Tt after the execution of its functions. Other activities are not restricted computers.

Operation of the panel by the computer when the signal at input A is found to be active may, however, extend beyond the on-screen display, but in any case the maximum possible portion of the manual operation from the panel takes place at the time of the reverse. This may be important because the display usually displays quickly, preferably in the TV standard, the contents of the computer's memory. Using cheaper, slower memories that do not provide the necessary dual input at the desired speed and when the channel needs to be switched to memory, the display stability in the described arrangement is minimally impaired.

The circuitry of the invention can be used in all such control computer applications where the computer communicates with a controlled system, a screen display and a panel containing buttons and possibly controllers through which the operator sets parameters and modes of an automatically controlled measurement, experiment or manufacturing process.

Claims (1)

Connection for controlling inputs of the control microcomputer characterized by the fact that the first, second or further controller (R _b R ₂ ... R ") connected by the runner to the ground conductor is connected to the inputs of the first, second or next encoder (Οχ, D) ₂ ... ... D _n ), whose outputs are connected via inputs (bt, b _2, ...) via the first, third or other bus input circuit (V _b V ₃ ... V _n ) ... . ..b _n ) microcomputers, while the even numbers of the controller (Rj, R ₂ ... R _n j) are connected to the setting input of the first, second or possibly other flip-flop ( ₂ ), K ₂ ... K „), whose the output is connected via the second, fourth or other input circuit ynAlezu of the bus (V ₂ , V4 ... V _n ) to the inputs (A _b A ₂ ... A _n ) of the microcomputer, while the outputs of flip-flops (K), K ₂ ... K _n ) are still connected to the gate (H), the output of which is connected via the gate input circuit (V "] of the gate to the input (A) of the microcomputer, while the first, second or further contactless pushbutton (Ί), T ₂ ... T ") is connected by the first output to the gate input (H) and via the common bus input circuit (V _s ) to the microcomputer input (T) and the second output via the first, second or further bus input circuit (V _tl , V _t2 ... V _tn ) the inputs (t _b t ₂ ... t _n ) of the microcomputer.