CS231218B1 - Antistatic finish for polyolefins - Google Patents

Abstract

Antistatic surface treatment of polyolefins in the form of granules, fibers, tapes, or other forms, applicable in the form of aqueous emulsions or anhydrous, the active ingredient of which is a mixture consisting of 10 to 90% by weight of a higher fatty acid Cg-C16 ethoxylated with 8 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 10 to 90% by weight of an alkyl betaine of the schematic formula R' I® R - N® - R IR"- COO® where R' is methyl R" is (-CH2-) R is alkyl θΐ2“θ20*

Description

231218 2

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an antistatic coating that is applied to a polyolefin in a granulate mixing process, in the process of stripping, forming, and other operations. The antistatic coating is applied in the form of 2 to 100% by weight aqueous emulsions and provides a significant reduction in the specific surface resistance, good adhesion of the polymer, thus ensuring uniformity of the coating and good physico-mechanical and processing properties of the unstained fiber. Nowadays, the tendency to increase rapidly in each of the manufacturing and processing processes leads to the application of new requirements for the surface treatment of polyolefins, especially fiber-forming. In particular, the surface treatment of the granulate to be mixed must account for the requirement of high antistatic efficiency already brought about by the low load, and the associated requirement of high uniformity of the coating, which requires optimum viscosity of the coating at the temperature of the stirring. If the blended granulate is intended to be melted and further processed, it preferably uses a concentrated coating, containing as few percent of volatile parts as possible. Finishing of fiber formations, intended for further processing, in addition to the high antistatic effect, must satisfy the requirement of sufficient coherence of the long-lived formation, the requirement of thermostability, the optical friction and heat conducting properties, and to protect the fiber from mechanical damage. The currently used propylene blends for polypropylene (Salla POP) of the Czechoslovak Patent Certificate 185 368 contain dimethyl silicone oil ricinoleic acid oxyethylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid (trade name SLOVASOL EL). These emulsions do not guarantee sufficient cohesion of the fibrous formation in the hot air cutting and shaping processes. The organic component of the rapid-release preparation for chemical and physical changes in contact with metals, which causes clogging of the distribution system by gel deposits, reduces the maintenance of the drawing-molding machines, causes uneven treatment, and thus deteriorates the quality of the product. U.S. Pat. No. 3,983,272 discloses antistatic treatment of fibers with a mixture of diorganopolysiloxane and phosphorus compounds. Both components of this mixture are biodegradable and therefore unsatisfactory.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,555,896 discloses ethoxylated secondary amines as the antistatic oiling agent. the agent is used in the form of aqueous emulsions, preferably for high temperature texturing.

According to NSR 2 415 651, optimally sliding and cohesive properties can be granted! the synthetic fiber is a lubricating agent formed by a mixture of the carboxylic acid C1 to the alkylene oxide adduct of alkanediol. The conversion has no significant antistatic effect.

The method of antistatic treatment of fiber-forming polymers according to the Czechoslovak author's certificate 172 374 discloses the use of a sulfonic acid salt. Adjustment deteriorates workability in the melting and stripping process.

In Japanese Patent No. 15,717, a fiber antistatic is prepared by treating a higher amino acid with glycerol or polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ether.

Alkoxylated phenols, which, as synthetic fiber coating agents, are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,919,918, are self-emulsifiable, but their emulsions, similar to poly-organosiloxenes, exhibit poor biodegradability.

According to Japanese Patent No. 16,958, the preparation with antistatic effects comprises a mono-, di- or trisulfonate compound with a 1-sulfoxy-2-hydroxypolyester structure. 3 231218

Japanese Patent No. 138,698 discloses antistatic properties of an aqueous solution comprising a branched polyurethane and a crosslinking agent. The preparation is fixed on hot water by hot steam.

Problems with the use of said blends in the fiber-forming polymerization process are susceptible to surface-forming polymers which can be applied in the form of 2 to 100% by weight of aqueous emulsions, the active ingredient of which is a mixture containing 10 to 90% by weight of higher fatty acid C8 to C ethoxylated with 8 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 10 to 90% by weight of the alkyl betaine of the schematic formula R 'R - N - R'

R-COOW

wherein s' is methyl R "is -ch 2 - R j ® alkyl C

The ratio of emulsion components can be advantageously varied depending on the purpose of the surface treatment. The coating for granulates containing more than 50% by weight of the second component provides already at 0.03% wt. The use of a 4% aqueous emulsion for fibrous formulations provides the desired antistatic effect at 0.2% by weight of the active ingredients on the fiber. Effective ingredients form water-resistant, chemical-resistant emulsions with water that are reasonably biodegradable. Their application to the fiber does not require a separate technological operation. 4 In the fiber and tape coating function, the preparation mixtures ensure optimum cohesive-creep properties, good cable compactness, cable cohesiveness and very good construction. In the case of polypropylene cable, the suppression of static charge formation appears to improve processability and increased production performance by 10 to 15% compared to the pre-mixture according to the Czechoslovak Copyright Certificate 185 368. ' Example

Mixing the mixture of color concentrates for staining POP fibers in the mass was used in the composition: 30% by weight of coconut acid ethoxylated with 12 moles of ethylene oxide namole acid, 70% by weight of alkyl betain

The mixture was prepared by mixing both components with a crown stirrer, at 25 ° C for 45 minutes. It was used for surface antistatic treatment with mixing of granular-color concentrates in an amount of 0.03% by weight on the weight of the granulate. The use of static treatment has prevented static charge build-up during mixing of the granulate in the cone mixer, resulting in the suppression of the so-called color concentration mapping effect and the homogeneity of the mixture. Example 2

Pfe POP cable coating was used as a preparation of a 6% aqueous emulsion of the active mixture, formed by: 90% by weight of palm kernel acid ethoxylated 10 mol of ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 0% by weight of alkyl betain.

The emulsion was prepared by stirring the individual components in 40 ° C softened water for 45 minutes. It was applied to the fiber by means of preparation rollers in process fiberization. The modified POP cable was lowered and shaped by air at speeds of up to 25 m / s, while processing reliability was high. It fibrils the following physico-mechanical properties:

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Antistatic coating for polyolefins, characterized in that the active ingredient consists of a mixture of 10 to 90 percent by weight of a C8 to C8 fatty acid ethoxylated with 8 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 10 to 90 percent by weight of an alkylbetaine of the formula