CS261671B1 - A method for producing a lightweight ceramic casing - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution relates to a method of producing lightweight ceramic shards, especially brick shards, from ceramic mass based on kaolinitic, illitic or montmorillonitic clays, loess or clays and components containing a combustible organic component. The essence of the solution lies in the fact that the dried products are fired in an atmosphere with an oxygen tension of 0.01 to 5 kPa in the temperature range of 700 to 1100 °C. The production method can be used in the production of lightweight brick shards.

Description

(54) A method of producing a lightweight ceramic shard

The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a bottled ceramic shard, in particular a brick, ceramic material based on kaolinite, illitic or montmorillonite clays, loess of clay and components containing a combustible organic component. The essence of the solution is that the dried products are fired in an atmosphere with an oxygen tension of 0.01 to 5 kPa in the temperature range of 700 to 1100 ° C. The method of manufacture can be used in the manufacture of a 1-packed mainly brick shake.

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a lightweight ceramic capsule, in particular a brick, from a ceramic based on kaolinitic, illitic or montmorillonite clays, loess or clay and a component containing a combustible organic component.

Recently, the demands placed on the quality of the products of the brick industry have increased demands, namely the value of the thermal resistance of the manufactured parts. These claims can be met by substantially reducing the bulk density. Reducing the bulk density of brick products can be achieved by lightening openings (by punching or increasing the porosity of the shank. Since utilization of only one of said pulling methods is usually insufficient in terms of the desired thermal resistance of the product, a combination of both is approached. The most frequently used corrective components are those which contain combustible substances capable of burning in the firing process, in particular various industrial wastes.

There are some drawbacks associated with the use of combustible components in the drug function. The basic problem is to reduce the strength of the burnt shank with the increasing addition of the drug. Said decrease in strength is so pronounced that in most cases the shear strength is a decisive parameter in determining the maximum proportion of added medicament to the production mixture.

An increase in shear strength can be achieved by maintaining a reducing atmosphere in a portion of the furnace heating and heating zone. However, this method is associated with a number of problems, such as: the necessity to change the design of the burners, possibly even the furnace aggregate itself; reduced work safety due to the possibility of leakage of toxic carbon monoxide into the hall space; Possibility of explosion of unburned reducing components (carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane in case of fluctuations of fan output or handling of chimney flues), inadequate use of fuel from reducing environment, which leads to increased specific fuel consumption.

These disadvantages of traditional and reducing firing are eliminated by a method of producing a lightweight ceramic shard, in particular a brick made of ceramic material consisting of a mixture of calinitic, illitic or montmorillonite clays, loess or clay with a corrective component with a combustible organic component up to 20% by weight. mixtures comprising homogenizing, shaping, drying and evaporating, characterized in that the dried products are baked in an atmosphere with an oxygen tension of 0.01 to 5 kPa over a temperature range of 700 to 1100 ° C.

This process enables the production of a lightweight (low thermal conductive) shred, the use of an internal reducing environment to increase shear strength, disposal and, at the same time, the use of some industrial wastes, and represents a safety benefit compared to the reduction firing.

The proposed process is feasible on most current brick tunnel kilns without structural grains.

The attached drawing shows the course of the firing curve of a ceramic shard prepared as described in Examples 1 to 3, wherein the solid line represents the oxidizing atmosphere and the dashed line introduces the controlled atmosphere introduction region.

The following examples illustrate the invention.

Example 1

Of a mixture containing 85% vol. brick clay (raw materials of the Ivanka pri Nitra plant) and 15% vol. 26 mm x 26 mm x 120 mm test specimens were produced and fired according to the attached firing curve, maintaining an oxygen tension of 3.2 at a temperature range of 700 to 900 ° C. kPa body strength was 14.9 kPa, and a thermal conductivity of 0.37 W. m ^{first -t} C.

Example 2

The test specimens of Example 1 were fired with poodles of the same firing curve, maintaining the oxygen tension at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C at 10 kPa (which is normal for OK furnaces). The strength of the test pieces was 9.2 kPa at a thermal conductivity of 0.370 W. m ^-1 . K ^-1 .

Example 3

The test specimens made of brick clay according to Example 1 without the addition of cannabis pulp were burned according to the enclosed firing curve, maintaining the oxygen tension in the furnace atmosphere at 3.2 kPa at a temperature range of 700 to 900 ° C. The strength of the test specimens was 12.5 kPa with an unchanged thermal conductivity of 0.530 W. . m ^-1 . K ^_1 .

A comparison of Examples 1 and 3 shows that the addition of waste reduces the thermal conductivity. Comparison of Examples 1 and 2 shows that controlling the atmosphere to a low oxygen tension guarantees an increase in shear strength, both against a waste without waste and over a fire burned in an oxidizing atmosphere while maintaining a low thermal conductivity.

The production method according to the invention can be used in the production of a lightweight mainly brick shred.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Process for producing a drawn ceramic shard, in particular a brick mass, consisting of a mixture of kaolinitic, illitic or montmorillonite clays, loess or clay and a correction component with a combustible organic component up to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the brush. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A chemical composition comprising homogenization, shaping, drying and curing, characterized in that the dried products are cured in an atmosphere with an oxygen pressure of 0.01 to 5 kPa over a temperature range of 70 to 1100 degrees Celsius.