CS265324B1

CS265324B1 - A device for measuring the humidity of gases on a psychrometric principle

Info

Publication number: CS265324B1
Application number: CS876043A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Jozef Ing Csc Viglasky
Original assignee: Viglasky Jozef
Priority date: 1987-08-17
Filing date: 1987-08-17
Publication date: 1989-10-13
Also published as: CS604387A1

Abstract

Riešený je problém merania vlhkosti plynov, napr. vlhkosti sušiaceho média v sušiarňach, so zameraním na zvýšenie prevádzkovej spolahlivosti, pri jednoduché} konštrukcii a výrobnej nenáročnosti. Nové zariadenie na meranie vlhkosti plynov na psychrometrickom principe sa vyznačuje tým, že v telese z tepelnenevodivého materiálu je vytvořený priechodný systém kanálov, ktorým prechádza prúd meraného plynu stálou rýchlostou tak, že vo výstupnom úseku systému kanálov, kde je umiestnená keramická tvarovka s elektrickým čidlom vlhkéj teploty, nastáva špirálovité prúdenie meraného plynu okolo odparovacieho povrchu keramickej tvarovky z pórovitého materiálu, pričom odparovací povrch je zavlhčovaný z vnútornej strany keramickej tvarovky.The problem of measuring the humidity of gases, e.g. the humidity of the drying medium in drying rooms, is solved, with a focus on increasing operational reliability, with a simple design and low manufacturing cost. The new device for measuring the humidity of gases on the psychrometric principle is characterized by the fact that a through-flow system of channels is formed in a body made of a heat-non-conductive material, through which the flow of the measured gas passes at a constant speed, so that in the outlet section of the channel system, where a ceramic fitting with an electric wet temperature sensor is located, a spiral flow of the measured gas occurs around the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting made of porous material, while the evaporation surface is moistened from the inside of the ceramic fitting.

Description

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Vynález sa týká zariadenia na meranie vlhkosti plynov na psychrometrickom principe,na-příklad vlhkosti sušiaceho média v sušiarňach.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for measuring the humidity of gases on a psychrometric principle, for example the humidity of a drying medium in a dryer.

Doteraz známe a používané zariadenia na meranie vlhkosti plynov na psychrometrickomprincipe, nerešia komplexně otázku prevádzkovej spolahlivosti. Pre správnu funkciu psychro-metru je nutné zabezpečit - na odparovacom povrchu vlhkého teploměru vrstvu nasýtenú vlhkos-tou, stálu a dostatočne velké rýchlost prúdenia meraného plynu okolo odparovacieho povrchu,nezávislost přesnosti nameraných údajov od znečistenia meraného plynu a samočistiaci efektna odparovacom povrchu vlhkého teploměru. Sú známe zariadenia pracujúce na psychrometrickomprincipe, ktoré sú riešené z hladiska zabezpečenia kontinuálneho zavlhčovania odparovaciehopovrchu vlhkého teploměru, Sálej rieša konštrukčné usporiadanie vlhkého teploměru náhradouztv. textilných punčošiek za keramické telieska, Salšie riešia konštrukčné usporiadanievlhkého teplomera pomocou tepelne izolovanéj nádržky vyplnenej kvapalinou, do ktorej jeuložené na teplo citlivé elektrické čidlo k určovaniu vlhkej teploty.So far known and used psychrometric gas moisture measuring devices do not comprehensively address the issue of operational reliability. For proper functioning of the psychometer it is necessary to provide - on the evaporating surface of the wet thermometer - a layer saturated with moisture, a constant and sufficiently high flow velocity of the measured gas around the evaporating surface, independence of the accuracy of the measured data from the pollution of the measured gas and self-cleaning effect by the evaporating surface of the wet thermometer. There are known devices working on the psychrometric principle, which are solved in order to ensure continuous moistening of the evaporating surface of the wet thermometer. textile stockings for ceramic bodies, Salza solves the design of a damp thermometer with a liquid-filled thermally insulated tank, into which a heat-sensitive electric sensor is placed to determine the wet temperature.

Nevýhodou uvedených riešení je najmá ich závislost na rýchlosti prúdenia meraného plynuv danom objekte, napr. v sušiarni resp. vo výfukovom komíne, Sálej lubovolné - neusmernenéobtekanie odparovacieho povrchu vlhkého teploměru vedie k neustálým pomerom pri přenose teplaa hmoty, čo spčsobuje chybu v merani vlhkej teploty.The disadvantage of these solutions is their dependence on the flow velocity of the measured gas in a given object, e.g. in the exhaust chimney, any one - not directing the evaporation surface of the wet thermometer leads to constant ratios of heat and mass transfer, causing a mist in the measurement of the wet temperature.

Najbližšie k navrhovanému zariadeniu je z hladiska komplexnosti technického riešeniapsychrometer, ktorý je tvořený meracou komórkou, tepelne izolovanou zo všetkých stráň, pričomv hornej časti komórky je situovaná tryska, na ktorú je napojený přívod vzorky meraného plynu,z ktorej smeruje prúd meraného plynu vo formě lúča na zásobník s kvapalinou, nachádzajúcisa na dne meracej komórky. Pričom do prúdu meraného plynu je situované čidlo suchej teplotya v zásobníku kvapaliny ja uložené čidlo vlhkej teploty. Nevýhodou tohto zariadenia je značnácitlivost na přesnost prevedenia trysky, ktorá ovplyvňuje prúdenie meraného plynu před dopadomna zásobník s kvapalinou a tiež citlivost na znečistenie meraného plynu.The closest to the proposed device is, from the point of view of the complexity of the technical solution, a meter, which is made up of a measuring chamber, thermally insulated from all sides, while in the upper part of the chamber there is a nozzle, to which is connected the sample of the measured gas, from which the stream of measured gas is directed to the a liquid container located at the bottom of the measuring chamber. The dry gas sensor is located in the flow of the measured gas and the wet temperature sensor is stored in the liquid reservoir. The disadvantage of this device is the susceptibility to the accuracy of the design of the nozzle, which affects the flow of the measured gas in front of the impinging liquid reservoir as well as the sensitivity to the contaminated gas.

Okrem toho sú uvedené zariadenia nákladné, náročné na konštrukciu a odstraňovanie porúch.In addition, the devices are costly, expensive to design and troubleshoot.

Uvedené nedostatky sú odstránené zariadením podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstatou je, žepozostáva zo základného telesa, v ktorom je vytvořený priechodný systém kanálov, pričomelektrické čidlo je uložené vo vstupnom úseku kanála a druhé elektrické čidlo je uloženév keramickej tvarovke z pórovitého materiálu a spolu sú umiestnené vo výstupnom úseku kanála.Ďalej, že priechodný systém kanálov je tvořený vstupným, přepojovacím a výstupným úsekom,pričom přepojovací úsek vychádza z konca vstupného a vchádza do začiatku výstupného úsekutengenciálne.These drawbacks are eliminated by the device according to the invention, which consists of a base body in which a passageway duct system is formed, wherein the electrical sensor is disposed in the inlet section of the duct and the second electrical sensor is embedded in the ceramic duct of porous material and is disposed in the outlet Further, the passage system of the channels is formed by an inlet, switching and outlet section, wherein the switching section extends from the inlet end and enters into the beginning of the outlet sectionally.

Pokrok zariadenia podlá vynálezu spočívá predovšetkým v tom, že sa ním docieli možnostkontinuálneho merania vlhkosti plynov, pričom výsledky merania nie sú ovplyvňované rýchlostouprúdenia a najma znečištěním meraného plynu. Ďalej novým konštrukčným rřešením vlhkého teplo-mera sa dosahuje samočistiaceho efektu na odparovacom povrchu vlhkého teplomera. Zariadenieje konštrukčné jednoduché, výrobně nenáročná a s minimálnymi prevádzkovými nárokmi.The advancement of the device according to the invention is based in particular on the possibility of a continuous measurement of the gas humidity, whereby the measurement results are not affected by the flow rates and, in particular, by the pollution of the measured gas. Furthermore, a new wet-melt design solution achieves a self-cleaning effect on the evaporator surface of the wet thermometer. The device is simple in construction, easy to manufacture and with minimum operating requirements.

Na pripojenom výkrese je na obr. 1 znázorněný v náryse přiklad prevedenia zariadeniana meranie vlhkosti plynov podlá vynálezu a na obr. 2 je toto zariadenie v priečnom řeze.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the accompanying drawing, FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a device for measuring gas humidity according to the invention in FIG. 1, and FIG.

Zariadenie podlá přikladu prevedenia pozostáva zo základného telesa v ktorom je vytvoře-ný systém kanálov 2 a ten je rozdělený na vstupný 13, přepojovací 14 a výstupný 15 úsek. V prepojovacom 14 úseku je uložené na teplo citlivé elektrické čidlo 3 a vo výstupnom 15úseku je situovaná keramická tvarovka 6, v ktorej je uložené na .teplo citlivé elektrickéčidlo 5. Keramická tvarovka 6 spolu s priechodkou T_ je spojená s hadicou j), pričom medzitvarovkou J_ a základným telesom 1_ je tesnenie 11. Ďalej do vstupného 13 úseku je zaústěnátrubka 10.The device according to the exemplary embodiment consists of a base body in which a channel system 2 is formed and is divided into an input 13, a switching 14 and an output 15 section. A heat-sensitive electric sensor 3 is mounted in the interconnecting section 14 and a ceramic fitting 6 is located in the outlet section 15, in which the heat sensitive sensor 5 is mounted. The ceramic fitting 6 is connected to the hose j), with the intermediate piece 11 being interconnected. and the base body 7 is a seal 11. Further, a pipe 10 is provided in the inlet 13 section.

Claims

The measured gas 4 is fed through the pipe 10 to the inlet 13 of the duct system 2, whereby its dry temperature is measured by means of an electric sensor 3 located at the inlet 13 and interconnection 14 interface. From the interconnecting section 14, the measured gas 4 is guided by the beginning of the outlet section 15, as a result of which a spiral flow of the measured gas around the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting 6, which is situated in the axis of the outlet section 15 of the channel system 2, takes place. gas, by applying a centrifugal force, to the surface of the base body 2, thus preventing the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting 6 from being prevented, the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting 6 is wetted from the inside so that the vaporized liquid 12 flows through the porous ceramic fitting 6 onto its surface. Here, the evaporating surface of the fabric is replaced by a ceramic fitting 6 which, together with the grommet 1, forms a pressure vessel 8 connected through a hose 9 to the evaporation liquid 12, which surrounds the electrical heat sensitive sensor 5 to determine the moisture inside the ceramic fitting 6. the flow temperature of the gas to be measured. The splodiny technology process condenses on the evaporating surface of the ceramic fitting. The quantity of liquid 12 is dimensioned so that a slight excess of liquid 12 constantly drips the ceramic molding piece and discharges the condensed effluents of the process. Thus, the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting 6 is cleaned automatically and the pre-evaporation process is of constant intensity. The flow velocity of the measured gas 4 when passing the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting is selected according to the psychrometric constant at optimal values. The correct function of the device according to the invention is a perfect thermally insulated duct system 2, the low-end section 15, where the evaporation surface of the ceramic fitting 5 is situated. Therefore, it is preferred that the base body 1 is made of a thermally non-conductive material. This prevents heating of the evaporating surface of the ceramic fitting 6 by the radiation of the surface 15 of the duct system. By suitable choice of the construction material, it is possible to use this device even in the most unfavorable conditions, from which the hitherto known psychrometric devices cannot be used. Since the output signal is electrical, the proposed device can be used in fully automated control systems. SUBJECT MATTER

A device for measuring the humidity of gases on a psychrometric principle, characterized in that it comprises a base body (1) in which a passage system of channels (2) is formed, wherein the electrical sensor (3) is housed in the inlet (13) and the electric sensor (5) is embedded in the ceramic fitting (6) and is located in the outlet (15) section.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the passageway channel system (2) is formed by an inlet (13), a switching (14) and an outlet (15) section, which extends from the inlet end and enters the beginning of the outlet section tangentially. 1 drawing