CS265502B1 - Seed and / or grain coating composition - Google Patents

Abstract

A product for the surface treatment of seeds and grains by hydrophobization or encrustation, usually containing biologically active substances, nutrients and auxiliary substances, is based on an organic solution containing 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one homopolymer or copolymer from the group including polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride/propylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride. It is important for agriculture, for the intensification of plant production.

Description

The invention relates to a composition for the surface treatment of seeds and/or grains, especially seeds and corn, by hydrophobization or encrustation, usually combined with pickling using biologically active substances and pesticides, based on technically available synthetic substances.

In order to increase the yield of cereals and especially corn for grain, but also for silage, earlier (about 2 to 3 weeks before the usual agrotechnical terms) sowing of grain is carried out, which is covered with at least one layer of film before sowing. Surface treatment is usually carried out by adding pesticides, biologically active substances and nutrients to the film-forming substance, in addition to the hydrophobic agent. Such valuable hydrophobic agents include shellac in a solution of a mixture of ethanol and dichloroethane (Sacrust). Furthermore, starch solution, molasses, pectin gel, methylcellulose together with fungicides, growth stimulants and nutrients (bioelements or microelements). In addition to many advantages, their disadvantage is the significant hydrophobicity of films on the surface of grains prepared from the above-mentioned natural macromolecular substances. From this point of view, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide are also unsuitable. It is similar in the case of sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, to which a surfactant, growth regulator and microelements are additionally applied (Karsat J. et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 8 402 829 (1984)). Divinylbenzene-styrene copolymers together with ethylene glycol, as well as the ternary copolymer 2-ethylhexylacrylate/butadiene/styrene (USA Pat. 4 460 572) have a higher hydrophobic effect, as does pre-foamed polystyrene. However, it is necessary to respect the hygienic safety of both polymers and solvents and sufficient resistance under storage conditions.

Thus, the advantages of known means for surface treatment of seeds, cereals, etc. are utilized and further enriched, including the expansion of the range of hydrophobicizing agents, by the means for surface treatment of seeds and grains according to the present invention.

The composition according to the invention for the surface treatment of seeds and/or grains, especially seeds and corn, by hydrophobization and/or encrustation, usually containing biologically active substances, nutrients and auxiliary substances, is particularly characterized by the fact that it contains an unsuitable organic solution containing 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one hydrophobic homopolymer and/or copolymer selected from the group comprising polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride/propylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride.

The advantage of the composition according to this invention is the high hydrophobic and binding efficiency of films (coatings) from synthetic macromolecular substances on the surface of seeds, grains and their very good adhesion to seeds, stability even during long-term storage. Furthermore, health safety and the possibility of significantly expanding the range of technically easily available new hydrophobic agents. Then the possibility of applying multiple layers of films to seeds and grains, with each layer being able to differ in the quality not only of the applied pesticide. Whether biologically active additives (stimulators, growth regulators, etc.) or nutrients (microelements, etc.), but also of the macromolecular substance. The advantage is also better use of pesticides, growth substances adhered to the grain under the film, their longer-term effect on plants.

As a rule, the product contains known biologically active substances, such as pesticides, especially fungicides, herbicides and insecticides, growth regulators, etc. As auxiliary substances, mainly surfactants, defoamers, dyes, pigments and fillers come into consideration.

By applying the composition according to the invention once to five times, i.e. in the form of an organic solution, one to five films are formed on the surface of seeds and grains, all of which may have the same chemical composition or may be different. Not only the binders or film-forming substances, but also the biologically active and auxiliary substances contained in them may be different.

Polymers and copolymers are prepared mainly by block and solution polymerization of monomers. Polymers and copolymers prepared by suspension as well as emulsion polymerization and copolymerization with subsequent washing, separation and drying of the powder product are also suitable.

These are then dissolved in an organic solvent alone, but most often together with pesticides and auxiliaries. The concentration of organic solutions, or better characterized - sols, can be both below 0.1/and above 20%. In the method of treating seeds and grains with the composition according to this invention, with a dry matter content in the solution below the minimum concentration, too thin films (coatings) are obtained. For sufficient efficiency, multiple applications would be necessary, which would be associated not only with a decrease in productivity, but also with increased energy requirements.

At concentrations above the upper limit, thick-walled films would remain on the surface of the 2rn, which could excessively insulate the seeds, make it impossible to combine multiple pickling components, and increase the consumption of hydrophobicizing material.

The homopolymer and/or copolymer solvent is removed from the seeds and/or grains by evaporation under normal or reduced pressure or by blowing through a gas, such as air, preferably preheated, inert gases, various hot exhaust gases from the production process. Less suitable, but usable, are gases contaminated with smoke, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, etc.

As homopolymers, vinyl polymers produced by block, suspension or solution polymerization, in particular polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl chloride, come into consideration.

Of the copolymers, it is mainly vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride/propylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride. The solvent is acetone, methylcyclohexanone, cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetophenone, dimethyl phenyl carbinol, ethanol to octanols, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylenes, gasoline, pyrolysis fraction Cg - C^, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, methylene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, glycol ethers, dimethylformamide, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, as well as mixtures of these solvents.

However, it is advisable to store solutions of homopolymers and copolymers in closed containers, in warehouses that comply with ČSN 65 0201 and other regulations on the storage of flammable liquids. The mentioned chlorinated hydrocarbons are practically non-flammable, but they should be handled with more caution from a hygienic point of view. 1,2-dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride are highly effective in terms of solvent efficiency, but from a hygienic point of view they are among the least suitable solvents for homopolymers and copolymers.

Further details of the composition for the surface treatment of seeds and grains, as well as further advantages, are apparent from the examples.

Example 1

From the suspension copolymer vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate (Slovinyl KV 172, its viscosity 3-1 -3 value - 50.7 cm .g; bulk density = 735 g.dm; sieve analysis: residue on a sieve 0.250 mm ----- 0.4%; residue on a sieve 0.063 mm = 84.8 volatile substances = 1.48%; humidity = 0.12%), the homopolymer itself = suspension PVC (Slovinyl S-622 with a K value = 61.3), as well as polyvinyl acetate dispersions (Duvilax LS-50 and BD-20) with a content of 50% by weight of dry matter - after drying, non-aqueous solutions or salts of these polymers and copolymers or as mixtures of homopolymers and copolymers with different dry matter contents are prepared. The following solvents are used: ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, cyclohexanone, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, a mixture of butanols with 2-ethylhexanol, as well as a mixture of ethanol with other alcohols C^ - C<- (addition). Fungicides (Ortocid, Vitawax 200, etc.) are added to the solution.

The solutions of the mentioned copolymers and homopolymers with the addition of fungicides, or with admixtures of surfactants, pesticides and in some cases also with microelements are tested after application to the glassy and slightly porous surface of porcelain (after firing the porcelain at a temperature of 1,300 °C).

The adhesion of the film, its water absorption, strength and elasticity are investigated. Furthermore, their influence on the germination of corn grain is investigated in the cold germination test, further after hanging the surface-treated hydrophobized corn grain in a sand:soil mixture - 1:1 and after imitating the conditions that are present during sowing 2 weeks before the agrotechnical deadline. In this case, the containers with the hanging grain are placed in a cooling box at a temperature of 5 to 7 °C for 14 days and, with a gradual temperature transition, are transferred under a lighting lamp. The germination, growth and development of corn are monitored and the height and weight of the crop after 18 days of growth are determined.

In the experimental years 1984 and 1985, the most suitable film-forming solutions were used for the pickling and thus the hydrophobization of grain sown in field conditions. All monitored properties are compared with a commercial hydrophobization solution of ethanolic-dichloromethylene solution based on shellac (Sacrust). A proportional dose of 1 dm^ of solution per 100 kg of grain is used for pickling grain.

The germination and root lengths of the TO 440 hybrid corn were determined using a well-known methodology (A. Murín et al.: Biology 35, 937 (1980), with a modification (the grain covered with film is stored for at least 14 days in a cooling box at a temperature of 5 to 7 °C and then the temperature is gradually increased to 20 ^° C over 2 days).

Subsequently, an experiment is carried out with grain covered with (hydrophobized) polymer or copolymer film, by sowing 15 grains of TO 440 hybrid corn into containers containing 200 g of soil and 200 g of washed silica sand with the same fertilization, and these are tempered in a cooling box for 14 days at a temperature of 5 to 7 °C, and then gradually over 2 days after increasing the temperature to 20 °C, the containers are transferred under a light ramp. The control variant is sown with grain without a film coating after 14 days from sowing the surface-treated grain. Each variant has 4 repetitions. The results achieved are in Table 1 and are the arithmetic mean of the values obtained.

Variants 1 to 24 are made with grains stained or hydrophobized with a solution of a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate in an organic solvent. In variants 1 to 6, the solvent is a mixture (by volume) of trichloroethylene: xylene: cyclohexanone = = 1:8:1. In variants 7 to 12, the solvent is a mixture in the volume ratio of trichloroethylene: xylene: cyclohexanone = 3.63:3.63:2.74.

The copolymer in variants 13 to 17 is dissolved in a mixture of trichloroethylene: cyclohexanone = 7:3, in variants 18 to 22 in a mixture of trichloroethylene: xylenes: cyclohexanone = 4:3:3. In variant 23, the copolymer solution is 8% by weight in a mixture of trichloroethylene: xylene: cyclohexanone = 4:3:3. Variant 24 represents a solution of the copolymer vinyl chloride - vinyl acetate (Slovinyl KV 172) in a mixture in a volume ratio of trichloroethylene: cyclohexanone: xylene = 6:3:1 with a concentration of 5% by weight. Particularly good germination is observed in grain hydrophobized with a copolymer dissolved in a three-component organic solvent.

In variant 25, unstained, i.e. non-hydrophobized grain was used (control variant).

In variant 26, a solution of shellac in an organic solvent (Sacrust) was used for hydrophobicization, and in variant 27, an imported hydrophobicizing agent with unidentified ingredients was also used.

In variant 28, a 5% by weight homopolymer - suspension PVC (Slovinyl S-622 with K value = 61.3) in cyclohexanone with an admixture of 9.8% by weight acetone and a maximum of 0.2% by weight Orthocide as a fungicide is used as a hydrophobizing solution or sol. The application to the grain is done twice.

In variant 29, a hydrophobizing solution with a concentration of 10% by weight of polyvinyl acetate in a mixture of acetone (70%) with ethyl acetate (20%) and perchloroethylene (10%), containing 0.5% by weight of 4-cumylphenol, is used.

The copolymer - PVC itself significantly slows down germination, which is related to the considerable resistance of the PVC film, but in further growth, above-average increases are achieved. In contrast, polyvinyl acetate (variant 29) biodegrades faster, without residue.

Example 2

The procedure is similar to that in Example 1, only the optimal variants are compared with other polymers or compositions. Hybrid corn grain (F ₇ xF ₂ ) was used.Ft. Variants 30. Control variant; 31. Grain covered with a shellac film (Sacrust); 32. Xylene solution of polystyrene with a concentration of 3 wt. and dioctyl phthalate in an amount of 24 wt./polystyrene; 33. Solution of the copolymer vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate specified in Example 1 with a concentration of 1 wt. in a mixture of solvents trichloroethylene: xylene: cyclohexanone - in a volume ratio of 1:8:1; 34. Variant solution of the copolymer vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate with a concentration of 8 wt. in a mixture of trichloroethylene - xylene - cyclohexanone in a volume ratio of 4:3:3; 35. Solution of copolymer vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate with a concentration of 5% by weight in a mixture of solvents trichloroethylene - xylene - cyclohexanone in a volume ratio of 3.63:3.63:2.74; 36. Solution of polyvinyl acetate with a concentration of 3% by weight in a mixture of solvents ethanol - cyclohexanone in a volume ratio of 7:3; 37. Solution of polyvinyl acetate with a concentration of

% wt. in a mixture of ethanol - cyclohexanone - butyl acetate in a volume ratio of 7:2:1 and containing not more than 2 % wt. of Harmavit; 38. Solution of copolymer vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate with a concentration of 5 % wt. in a mixture of solvents trichloroethylene - xylene - cyclohexanone in a volume ratio of 3.63:3.63:2.74, containing not more than 4 % wt. of chlorinated 7-butyrolactone; 39. Ethanol solution of polyvinyl acetate with a concentration of 1 % wt.; 40. Solution of polyvinyl acetate with a concentration of 5 % wt. in a mixture of ethanol (30 % rel.), butanol (20 %) and xylene (50 %); 41. Solution of polyvinyl acetate with a concentration of 10 % wt. in a mixture of pyrolysis C _g to fraction (50%), dibutyl phthalate (20%), dioctyl phthalate.

Table

Variant Dry matter content * copolymer in solution (% wt.) Germination in cold test (%) Cold test grain root length (%) Germination time of all plants in the container experiment (days) Average plant height (cm) Dry matter above ground (g) 1 0.3 97.0 110.6 3 38.9 1.66 2 0.7 98.0 110.1 3 40.6 1.70 3 1.0 99.5 112.0 2 48.6 2.25 4 3.0 98.2 109.2 3 39.6 1.75 5 5.5 98.0 109.8 2 46.8 2.05 6 8.0 98.5 111.3 2 46.9 2.00 7 0.3 98.0 112.6 2 49.2 2.35 8 0.7 98.0 109.8 3 42.2 1.85 9 1.0 97.5 108.0 3 42.7 1.85 10 3.0 97.0 108.0 5 36.7 1.50 11 5.0 97.0 108.6 3 49.4 2.29 12 8.0 98.0 112.2 3 46.0 1.96 13 0.3 96.8 100.0 8 19.0 0.81 14 0.7 94.0 96.2 9 27.7 0.88 15 1.0 96.0 97.0 9 27.1 0.90 16 3.0 94.0 97.0 . 5 31.3 1.10 17 5.0 94.8 90.0 5 36.4 1.47 18 0.3 95.0 92.9 not all of them sprouted 38.7 1.08 19 0.7 94.0 94.8 not all of them sprouted 22.2 1.00 20 1.0 92 '.0 89.8 not all of them sprouted 28.5 0.95 21 3.0 92.0 90.2 not all of them sprouted 31.8 1.0 22 5.0 92.5 90.4 not all of them sprouted 33.2 1.13 23 8.0 98.0 109.8 2 48.0 2.15 24 5.0 97.8 108.4 3 49.5 2.20

Table 1 continued

Variant Copolymer solids content in solution (% by weight) Germination; in cold test <%) Cold test grain root length (%) Time of germination of all plants in the container experiment (days) Average plant height (cm) Dry matter above ground (g) 25 0.0 (control) 98.2 100.0 3 38.7 1.52 26 13x 98.2 112.2 3 48.5 2.18 27 16xx 99.5 114.0 2 49.8 2.27 28 5.0 92.5 112.9 9 48.6 2.19 29 10.0 97.0 114.5 5 49.6 2.28

(10%) and butyl acetate (20%); 42nd part in the volume ratio of trichloroethylene: Polyvinyl acetate solution with conc. 5% by mass of cyclohexanone = 7:3. in a mixture of solvents- In any film-forming solution fungicide is additionally present. Orthocid v amount 13% by weight The results achieved are included in Table 2. Taboo 1 to 2 Variant Germination in cold test (%) Cold test grain root length (%) Average plant height (cm) Dry matter above ground (g) 30 99.5 100 34.4 1.47 31 99.0 109.1 36.2 1.74 32 99.2 114.3 39.4 2.05 33 99.5 108.5 37.7 1.86 34 100.0 114.0 38.9 2.16 35 99.5 100.9 34.2 1.54 36 95.0 103.8 39.7 1.74 37 97.2 106.6 35.6 1.75 38 100.0 107.2 35.2 1.67 39 98.0 100.8 32.9 1.35 40 99.0 103.6 35.5 1.54 41 99.0 106.2 35.6 1.60 42 99.5 108.7 35.8 1.80

The presence of microelements in the film-forming solution does not affect the weight of dry matter of plants, but the presence of chlorinated γ-butyrolactone increases the weight of dry matter of the above-ground mass. A xylene solution of polystyrene with a concentration of 3% by weight containing 24 to 29% dioctyl phthalate, similar to a vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer with a concentration of 1 to 8% in a mixture of solvents trichloroethylene - xylene - cyclohexanone (variants 33 and 34), as well as a polyvinyl acetate solution with a concentration of 5% by weight, are comparable to a concentrated solution of shellac or Sacrust-O. However, the disadvantage of the polystyrene coating is its fragility, which is particularly negative when handling grains treated in this way.

Example 3

In the experimental years 1984 and 1985, the influence of the type of film-forming substance used for the surface treatment of corn grain on the yield of grain and corn straw, as well as on the growth and development of plants was studied in field experiments based on the MSCPV Nitra. The growing area belongs to the corn production type. The soil is brown earth, loamy. At both sites, the soil had an average content of P and K. For fertilization, the same in all variants, in the ratio N:P:K = 1.0:0.33:0.83 at a nitrogen dose of 200 kg of nitrogen per ha, ammonium nitrate with limestone, triple superphosphate and 60% potassium salt were used. In 1984, the CE - 330 hybrid was sown, in 1985 the Lízá TC-1 hybrid was sown in the 2nd row.

70x30 cm. The area of 1 plot was 10 m , each variant had three repetitions. The grain, except for the control variant, was covered on the surface with a film of various hydrophobizing solutions in a dose of 1 dm^ of a solution containing 130 g of the fungicide Ortocid per 100 kg of grain and sown on 12. 4. 1984, two weeks before sowing the grain in the control variant and in 1985 on 13. April, 17 days before sowing the grain in the control variant.

Variants: 43. Control; 44. Grain covered with Sacrust shellac film; 45. Solution of vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer with a concentration of 1% by weight dissolved in a mixture of trichloroethylene: xylene: cyclohexanone in a volume ratio of 1:8:1; 46. Solution of vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer with a concentration of 8% by weight in a mixture of trichloroethylene: xylene: cyclohexanone = 4:3:3; 47. Solution of polyvinyl acetate with a concentration of

% wt. in a mixture of butanol: cyclohexanone = 7:3. 48. Solution of polyvinyl acetate o.conc. 5% wt. in a mixture of trichlorethylene: cyclohexanone = 7:3.

The results achieved are summarized in Table 3.

Table 3

Variant Grain yield (t.hal) Year 1984 Year 1985 Corn straw yield (t.ha-l) Average height of the stand after 70 days from sowing (m) Average height of corn straw (m) Harvest Corn straw yield at 14% moisture (t.ha-l) Grain yield at 14% moisture (t.ha”l 43 5.55 5.40 0.612 1.64 6.40 6.15 (control) 44 6.03 6.20 0.782 1.74 6.50 6.76 45 6.08 6.13 0.700 1.7Q 6.22 6.19 46 0.690 1.88 7.43 6.89 47 0.632 1.85 7.60 6.68 48 0.668 1.68 6.20 5.90

Example 4

The procedure is similar to that in Example 1, except that the results are compared with various organic solutions of polymers and copolymers, using corn grain of the hybrid (F^xF^J.Ft.

Thus, variant 48 is the control. Variant 49: Grain covered with a film with a triple application of an organic solution of ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer with incorporated 40% vinyl acetate and polymethyl methacrylate (with a copolymer concentration of 1.7% by weight and polymethyl methacrylate (0.8% by weight) in a solvent mixture of butyl acetate (25% by weight), ethyl acetate (35% by weight), butyl glycol ether (15% by weight), and tf-methylstyrene (25% by weight). The solution additionally contains the fungicide Ortocid in an amount of 3.5% by weight, a rye organic dye in an amount of 0.1% by weight; 0.01% by weight succinic acid and 0.001% by weight chlorinated γ-butyrolactone.

Variant: 50: Grain coated with a film (four times applied) of Sacrust 0 shellac in an ethanol-dichloromethane solution. Variant 51: Grain coated with four times application of a xylene solution of polystyrene with a concentration of 5% by weight.

Variant 52: Grain covered with a film with a double application of an organic solution - a sol of a copolymer of vinyl chloride/propylene (with 3.8% by weight of copolymerized propylene) with a concentration of 4.5% by weight, prepared by dissolving this copolymer in a solvent consisting of methylcyclohexanone (15% by weight), cyclohexanone (25% by weight), dimethylformamide (40% by weight) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (20% by weight). The solution contains at most 8.1% by weight of 4-cumylphenol, 0.03% by weight of red pigment, 0.01% by weight of the defoamer Nopenit, 0.01% by weight of cupricol and 0.15% nonylphenyl polyglycol.

Variant 53: Grain covered with a film with a single application of an organic solution - a sol of the copolymer ethylene/vinyl acetate with a concentration of 4% by weight and vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate with a concentration of 3% by weight, prepared by dissolving these copolymers in a solvent consisting of butyl acetate (45% by weight), dimers of α-methylstyrene (15%) and pyrolysis fraction Cg to (40% by weight). The solution contains at most 5.1% by weight of Orthocide, 1.0% by weight of 4-cumylphenol; 0.1% by weight of chlorination products of α-butyrolactone, 0.15% by weight of nonylphenyl polyglycol and 0.02% by weight of red dye.

Variant 54: Grain covered with a film with a double application of an organic solution of the copolymer vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride (85%; 13.5; 1.5%) with a concentration of 8% by weight, prepared by dissolving the ternary copolymer in a solvent consisting of a mixture of solvents

the abovementioned in variant 53 and also contains the above excipients. Achieved results are included in the table 4. T a b l e 1 to 4 Variant Germination in chilling test (%) Cold test grain root length (%) Average plant height (cm) Dry matter of aboveground mass (%) 48 99.5 100 34.4 1.47 49 99.7 114.2 38.9 1.96 50 99.7 104.1 35.7 1.54 51 99.8 105.1 36.9 1.67 52 99.2 114.7 39.1 2.09 53 99.0 113.1 38.9 1.99 54 99.8 114.9 39.2 2.11

The results show the multifaceted positive effect of surface treatment agents, the influence of growth regulators and other biocides contained in them, as well as the advantages of synthetic polymers compared to the use of natural biopolymers.

Claims (2)

265502 8 wt. of red pigment, 0.01 wt. defoamer Nopenit, 0.01 wt. kuprikol and 0.15% nonylphenyl polyglycol. Variant 53: Film-coated grains with a single application of an organic solution of 4% by weight ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. and vinyl chloride / vinylacetate at a concentration of 3% by weight, prepared by dissolving these copolymers in a solvent consisting of butyl acetate (45% by weight), dimers of n-methylstyrene (15%) and a pyrolysis fraction of Cg to (40% by weight). The solution contains 5.1 wt. Ortocide, 1.0 wt. 4-cumylphenol; 0.1 wt. chloro-4-butyrolactone products, 0.15 wt. nonylphenylpolyglycol and 0.02% red colorant. Variant 54: Film-coated grains with 8% w / w copolymerization of vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride (85%; 13.5; 1.5%), prepared by dissolving a ternary copolymer in a solvent consisting of a mixture of solvents mentioned in variant 53 and also includes said excipients. The results obtained are included in Table 4. T abu 4 ka 4 Variant Germination in Cooling Test (%) Root Root Length from Cooling Test (%) Average Grit (cm) Dry-Ground Density (%) 48 99.5 100 34.4 1.47 49 99.7 114.2 38.9 1.96 50 99.7 104.1 35.7 1.54 51 99.8 105.1 36.9 1.67 52 99.2 114.7 39 , 1 2.09 53 99.0 113.1 38.9 1.99 54 99.8 114.9 39.2 2.11 The results show a multifaceted positive effect of coating agents, the influence of growth regulators and other biocides in them as well as the advantages of synthetic polymers compared to the use of natural biopolymers. SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. A composition for treating seeds and / or grains, in particular seeds and maize, by hydrophobization and / or encrustation, generally containing biologically active substances, resins and auxiliaries, characterized in that it contains a non-aqueous organic solution containing 0, 1 to 20 wt. at least one hydrophobic homopolymer and / or copolymer of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride / propylene, ethylene / vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride copolymers. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent comprises at least one of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cyclohexanone, ethanolate butanols, t-methylstyrene, n-methylstyrene dimers, xylenes, Cg-pyrolysis fraction to gasoline, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, butyl acetate, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, glycol ethers, dimethylformamide, dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate. Severografia, n. P., MOST Price 2,40 Kcs