CS267910B1 - Granulated fertilizers based on ground phosphorus here - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution concerns fertilizers based on ground phosphorite produced by pressure granulation. The fertilizers are made of finely ground phosphorite and another fertilizer component containing basic nutrients in the form of inorganic salts and possibly also contain other secondary and trace nutrients.

Description

CS 267 910 B1

The invention relates to granulated fertilizers based on ground phosphite.

Fertilizers represent an important intensification factor in plant production and affect plant production in relation to other factors. High intensification is associated with the need for efficient use of resources in this area. In particular, fertilizer doses will not be substantially increased in the future in economic and environmental terms. These sites were the main reason why the production of micronised phosphites was also considered in Czechoslovakia.

The main disadvantage of the use of ground phosphites is the uncertainty of their agronomic value in the first year of use and, in particular, the problematic handling and application of finely ground powder material. According to data from Fertilizer Manual, Development and Transfer of Technology, Series No. 1 13, UNIOO, New York 19-10, it is desirable, prior to achieving good agronomic efficiency, to provide fine grinding of phosphorus so as to 90 wt. the particles were smaller than 0.147 mm, or preferably more efficacious, at 80% of the particles smaller than 0.043 mm.

Oo CSSR imports micronised phosphate under the trade name Hyperphosphate. It is otunisk phosphate "Gafsa" ground to 90 Y overflow sieve 0.063 mm.

The granulation of ground phosphites has solved the problems associated with the handling and application of dusty material, but the product thus treated has little agronomic efficiency, since the granulation has significantly reduced the contact surface of ground phosphite with the base solution by which ground phosphite is transformed into forms 82 5 accessible to plants.

In addition to reducing agronomic efficiency, another disadvantage of granular phosphites is the difficulty of granulating. Podřa Μ. P. Thiiring - paper from AGRICH, VI. "chemistry in agriculture" congress, June 1984, Bratislava, it is advantageous to carry out the granulation of phosphites in a plant consisting of two successive parts - a pre-granulator and a granulator. The advantage of the process is that granules are obtained without any binders except water and steam. Another known possibility of wider application of ground phosphite in agricultural practice is their incorporation into granulated NP and NPK fertilizers process. melt granulation. Fertilizers of this type and the process of their production are subject to Cs. No. 254020 and No. 254029. Fertilizers by their composition eliminate the agronomic uncertainty of phosphorus due to the reduction of the interface with the parent solution. The disadvantage of the process is the fact that it does not allow the production of P., Resp. PK fertilizer.

The difficulty of phosphorous granulation is also documented by the fact that even the leading suppliers of the so-called pressure granulation technology (M. Barloy, Granulation of OEngrais, Procedures ABC, Séminaire sur es tendances et évolution de industrie des engrains, 1905 do not include in the available materials the formulation of fertilizers with a significant content of finely ground phosphites. Said granulation technique is mainly used for the granulation of difficult granular materials such as potassium salt.

The impossibility of granulating finely ground phosphites in such a way with sufficiently high industrial efficiency is also confirmed by the authors' experiments. It has now been found that pressurized granulation of ground phosphites is possible after homogenization with other inorganic salts in suitable proportions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to solid, pressurized fertilizers characterized in that they contain 15 to 75% ground phosphite and 05 to 25% fertilizer containing basic nutrients in the form of phosphate and / or phosphate and / or potassium chloride and / or ammonium sulfate and / or Further, the fertilizers may contain secondary and trace nutrients in the form of inorganic and / or organic compounds. The advantage of these fertilizers produced by pressure granulation is, in comparison with other known methods of granulation of ground phosphites, in particular lower energy consumption of production, high variability in the composition of products and high concentration of nutrients in the product, because the process of granulation does not require the addition of other so-called ballast. substances. 2 EN 267 910 81

Ground phosphite-based fertilizers produced by so-called pressure granulation illustrate, but are not limited to, the following examples. Example 1

150 kg / homogenized mixture containing 33.65 wt. % primary phosphate ammonium (MAP) powder, 23.89% finely ground phosphite and 42.46% potassium salt. The moisture was adjusted to 3.7 The mixture was compressed between the court smooth cylinders with a diameter of 270 mm, a length of 120 mm, at 8 rpm. and a force of 1000 N / cm. The compressed strip of material with a thickness of 4 mm and a temperature of 80 - 90 ° C was disintegrated in a hammer crusher. From the disintegrated material, a product fraction of 2-4 mm particle size was separated, which accounted for 52.4% of the total amount dosed. The remainder of the material was returned to the gravity hopper. The product of the following composition was obtained as follows: total nitrogen content - 3.4 wt. total content of PjOj - 25,15 total content of KjO - 25,20 moisture content - 2,8 (as a residue at 105 ° C) bulk density 972 kg / m3 Example 2

Following the procedure of Example 1, a mixture of fertilizer components of the following composition was granulated: 37.92 wt. % of triple superphosphate powder, 22.35% finely ground phosphite and 39.73% potassium salt. With a granulation efficiency of 49.8%, a product containing: 0.0 k nitrogen, 22.5 P2O5, 22.5 K20, 7.5 * moisture (evaporator at 105 ° C), bulk density - 920 kg / m3. Example 3

By the method of Example 1, a mixture containing 62.9 weight per cent of triple superphosphate powder and 37.1 weight percent ground phosphite was granulated. The amount of liquid phase was adjusted by the addition of liquid trace element concentrate Mn,

Cu, Co, Zn, B, Mo in an amount of 2.5 1/100 kg of the mixture. The concentrate used contained the following amount of trace elements: Mn content - 0.80% Cu - 0.18¾ Co content - 0.04 \ t

Zn content - 0,18 H content B - 0,16 Mo content - 0,29 * The product of the following composition (from the content of basic nutrients) was obtained with a granulation efficiency of 50,1%: nitrogen content - 0,0 \ t PjO ^ content - 40.43%

Claims (2)

CS 267 910 B1 3 I ^ O content - 0.0% moisture content - 7.2 Y bulk density - 1020 kg / m Example 4 60.6 kg of technical ammonium sulphate disposed of caprolactam production was mixed in a Lodige homogenizer and methacrylates in PCHZ np Zilina with 39.4 kg of ground provenance of Jordan. The ammonium sulphate used contained 20.98 wt. % total nitrogen, 71.58 wt. Sulfates (22.95% S), 2. 10% by weight of free H 2 SO 4 had a weakly acidic chemical reaction (pH 1 of external flow rate: 6.32). The "Jordan" phosphite used was ground with a SJS-grade fine-grained LJSCHE spring mill and contained 32%. 0% by weight of total Ρ2 · 5 mixing of the prepared mixture was determined by drying at 105 ° C to a weight loss of 2.09%, blended with water to a moisture content of 4.9 Y and then compacted by compacting with counter-rotating rolls. A 5 mm thick compress prepared in this way was disintegrated by partial disintegration into a crushed form, from which a fraction of 1-4 mm in size was separated by means of a sorter, a proportion of the production fraction representing about 50% of the material dispensed into the compressor. In this example, 12.1 wt.% of total nitrogen contained 12.6 wt.% Y of total P.sub.2 O.sub.2 and mass% of sulfur bound in spheroidal form. EXAMPLE 5 This experiment was carried out analogously to Example 4, but the wetting of the mixture was carried out with about 40 µl of an aqueous solution of thickened sulfite extracts. The sulphite stillage was added in a Lodige type mixer using an atomizing nozzle. Schlick at 60-70 ° C. 4.7 kg of thickened sulphite stillage were fed to 100 kg of the homogenized mixture of ammonium sulphate and milky phosphite. Compressing the mixture by subsequent comprimate treatment produced a product characterized by high hardness and abrasion resistance. Example 6 In the Lodige homogenizer, 31.3 kg of finely ground phosphite, 64.8 kg of technical ammonium sulphate from PCHZ np Žilina and 3.9 kg of finely milled ground were homogenized to prepare solid compacted fertilizer 15-10-0-16.5 S. thiourea. 1.2 kg of molten paraffin was applied to 100 kg of the homogenized mixture in a homogenizer using a spray nozzle. The mixture thus prepared was treated further in an analogous manner to that described in Example 1. This process yielded a physiologically neutral to weakly basic NPS-shaped fertilizer with a high and high nitrogen and phosphoric efficiency. SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. Granular fertilizers based on ground phosphite prepared by agglomeration of a mixture of starting materials with pressure, characterized in that they contain 15 to 75 Y ground phosphite and 85 to 25% fertilizer component containing basic nutrients in the form of superphosphate and / or ammonium phosphates and / or potassium chloride. or ammonium sulfate and / or potassium bisulfate. 4 EN 267 910 01 2. Granulated fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain secondary and trace minerals in the form of inorganic and organic substances.