DD211331A1 - PROCESS FOR PREPARING ACTIVE CARBON - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of activated carbon from raw lignite coal and / or intermediates or by-products of brown coal briquetting. The object and the object of the invention are to develop a suitable process for the production of activated carbon and thereby partially convert the volatile constituents into fixed carbon and thus avoid precocoking or extraction with inorganic acids or organic solvents. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that raw lignite coal and / or intermediate or waste products of lignite briquetting. The object and the object of the invention are to develop a suitable process for the production of activated carbon and thereby to partially convert the volatile constituents into fixed carbon and thus to avoid precoccification or extraction with inorganic acids or organic solvents. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that crude lignite and / or intermediate or waste products of brown coal b

Description

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Title of the invention ^:

Process for the production of activated carbons

Field of application of the invention ';

The invention relates to a process for the production of activated carbons from crude lignite coal and / or intermediate or waste products of lignite briquetting for water, air and gas purification ». , ·:

Charakeris lerunp: the known technical solutions ;

It is well known that activated carbon from carbon-rich organic substances or their Kohlenohlungsprodukten such as "peat, wood flour, coal" lignite and lignite coal coke

can be produced. , , , . '

In the PD-PS '133 193 a method is described in which aßchereiche, salty lignite with ash contents> - 10 % and high alkali and alkaline earth metal content under oxidydlven · conditions at temperatures up to 1273 ° C was activated. In front; The actual activation is carried out by carbonation at lower temperatures. This two-stage technology results in increased expenditures, making the process uneconomic * * ' _:

According to DD-PS 140 241, the production of activated carbon, by lignite after pretreatment with aqueous dilute

dried inorganic acid in different stages, coked, granulated and activated. Significant drawbacks of this process are the low ash content requirements of lignite and the inorganic acid treatment, which does not result in a reduction of volatile organic content in favor of increasing the carbon content bound due to the limited miscibility of both phases. A similar procedure is also the DD-PS 142 175 basis. Then lignite is formed into small grains which are subsequently treated with phosphoric acid to reduce the level of volatile organic compounds. The product produced is dried, mixed with a carbonaceous binder, pulverized, the powder molded into moldings and activated.

According to DD-PS 126 638 black lignite is leached with a dilute inorganic acid. The dried pulp is pressed into pellets and activated in a reducing atmosphere.

According to GP 238 066-0, extraction of excess organic constituents prior to activation is carried out by extraction of the volatile hydrocarbons with benzene, toluene or xylene or their mixtures or mixed with methanol, ethanol or acetone; '. '. , ^:: '

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The object of the invention is to develop a suitable, cost-effective process for the production of carbon monoxide and / or intermediates or by-products of lignite briquetting.

Explanation: the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to develop a one-step process for the production of activated carbon from crude lignite and / or intermediate or by-products of lignite briquetting and in part to convert the existing volatile constituents into fixed carbon and thus to provide an advantage.

to avoid coking or extraction with inorganic acids or organic solvents »

According to the invention the object is achieved in that Rohbraun «coal and / or intermediate or waste products of lignite briquette with 20 to 40 % moisture content to a particle size <O ₈ 5 mm milled, with 20 - 40% by mass sawdust and / or

20 - 50% peat and a hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution in the yer

ratio of dry raw material from 1: 1 to 2: 1 _; preferably 1.3s1 to 1.7: 1, mixed, then granulated and activated for 3 hours at 650 to 750 ° C in reducing or inert gasatiao sphere. Upon activation, the volatiles still present in the coal additionally have a pear-forming effect. The condensed hydrocarbons formed on the surface are converted into carbon and water with the oxygen or humic acid or cellulose present in the wood or peat. This makes it possible to additionally influence the pore system.

The resulting carbon can be ground and used as Fulverkohle. , .

AusführunKsb.eispiele

The invention is explained below with reference to 3 examples:

Comparative example

Crude lignite (moisture 3O %) would be crushed to a particle size of 0.5 to 3? 15 mm. 40 g of this coal were placed in a Soxhlet apparatus and extracted 90 min with 15% aqueous sulfuric acid solution at 120 ° C and then washed with water. The dried to 20 % humidity coal was ground to a particle size < 0.5 ¹ ^ and with 40 g sawdust (moisture content 2O "3 %) and I35 g hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution (density 1 _? 95 g / cnr) mashed and pressed.

After activation for 5 hours in a shaft furnace at 700 ° C. in an inert gas stream and subsequent acid and water washing, an activated carbon having the following properties was obtained:

Benzene adsorption at 10 Vo 1 ..-% benzene

(g benzene / 100 ml activated charcoal) ⁸ »3

Methylene blue titer (ml) 7.1

Iodine number (mg J ₂ / g) 495

Molasses value (mg) 1310

example 1

40 lignite briquette abrasives of grain size 0.5 mm were mixed with 45 g. Sawdust (moisture content 11.2 %) and 185 g of hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution (density 1.95 g / cnr) mixed and pressed ", The compacts were activated for 6 hours at 700 ° C in an inert gas stream. After acid and water washing, the following activated carbon was obtained:

Benzene adsorption at 10 vol% benzene

XgBenzen / 100 ml activated charcoal) \. 13% methylene blue titre (ml) 16.0

Iodine Number (mg J ₂ Zg) { 749

Molasses value (mg),; 590

Example 2 ^{:. ;} :

30 g of raw lignite with a moisture content of 30 % were ground to a particle size < 0.5 mm, with 22 g peat, 56 g sawdust (moisture content 11, .2 %) in 230 g hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution (density 1.95 g / cnr ) mixed and pressed. The pellets were activated for 4 hours at 700 ° C in an inert gas stream. The activity had the following properties after acid and water washing.

Benzene adsorption at 10 vol% benzene

(g benzene / 100 ml activated charcoal) 14.9

Methylene blue titre (ml) 16.1

Iodine number (mg J ₂ / s) 760

Molasses value (mg) 560

Example 3

33 S air-dried raw lignite were ground to a particle size <0.5 mm, mixed with 34 g sawdust (moisture content, 11.2%) and 135 g of hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution (density 1.95 g / cm ^J ) and pressed. The granules were activated for 6 hours at 700 ° C in an inert gas stream. The active was subjected to acid and water washing and had the following properties:

Benzene adsorption at 10% by volume benzene (g benzene / 100 ml activated carbon) 15,1

Methylene blue titre (ml) 16.5

Iodine number (mg Jg / g)

Molasses value (mg)

Claims (1)

, , ..; ;.: - 6 - j
Erfurungsar; spru.ch Process for the production of activated carbons, characterized; la. by that the raw lignite and / or intermediate - or waste products 'the Braunkohlenbrikettierung 20 - au 40% moisture,' a grain size milled ^ 0.5 mm, with 40 - 60% by mass of sawdust and / or 20 - 50% by mass of peat and a hydrochloric acid zinc chloride solution in relation to the dry raw material of / ?: 1 to 2ϊ1, preferably 1.3 · Ί to 1.7 ^ 1 mixed, then granulier ·· and 3 to 7 hours, preferably 4 to 6 hours, at 650 bi · · · · 750 ° C activated in a reducing or inert gas atmosphere ßηβ