DD247621A5 - Verfahren und einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von gusseisernen rohren mit sphaeroilitischen graphit mit (kontrollierter) gestempelter struktur - Google Patents
Verfahren und einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von gusseisernen rohren mit sphaeroilitischen graphit mit (kontrollierter) gestempelter struktur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DD247621A5 DD247621A5 DD85285711A DD28571185A DD247621A5 DD 247621 A5 DD247621 A5 DD 247621A5 DD 85285711 A DD85285711 A DD 85285711A DD 28571185 A DD28571185 A DD 28571185A DD 247621 A5 DD247621 A5 DD 247621A5
- Authority
- DD
- German Democratic Republic
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cooled
- temperature
- cast iron
- ferrite
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-piperazine-1,4-diylbisethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCN1CCN(CCS(O)(=O)=O)CC1 IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000007990 PIPES buffer Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000012078 E2F2 Transcription Factor Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010036466 E2F2 Transcription Factor Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101100165177 Caenorhabditis elegans bath-15 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/145—Plants for continuous casting for upward casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
- Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
- Y10T29/49989—Followed by cutting or removing material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8500159A FR2575683B1 (fr) | 1985-01-04 | 1985-01-04 | Procede et installation pour la fabrication continue de tuyaux en fonte a graphite spheroidal a structure controlee |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DD247621A5 true DD247621A5 (de) | 1987-07-15 |
Family
ID=9315063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD85285711A DD247621A5 (de) | 1985-01-04 | 1985-12-30 | Verfahren und einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von gusseisernen rohren mit sphaeroilitischen graphit mit (kontrollierter) gestempelter struktur |
Country Status (27)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4800949A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0190458B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH0615693B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR900001325B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE35291T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU564826B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8600005A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1277478C (fr) |
| DD (1) | DD247621A5 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3563458D1 (fr) |
| EG (1) | EG17408A (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES8705285A1 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI80621C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2575683B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2169230B (fr) |
| HR (2) | HRP930748B1 (fr) |
| IN (1) | IN166932B (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX164846B (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY103668A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL144856B1 (fr) |
| RO (1) | RO93864B (fr) |
| SI (2) | SI8512006A8 (fr) |
| SU (1) | SU1450729A3 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR22514A (fr) |
| UA (1) | UA5948A1 (fr) |
| YU (2) | YU44536B (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA859748B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2567258B2 (ja) * | 1987-10-21 | 1996-12-25 | マツダ株式会社 | 高強度、高剛性、高靱性を有する鉄系鋳物およびその製造法 |
| FR2751249B1 (fr) | 1996-07-17 | 1998-09-04 | Pont A Mousson | Dispositif de positionnement d'un bloc-filiere d'une table de coulee d'une machine de coulee continue verticale ascendante |
| CN1053709C (zh) * | 1996-10-14 | 2000-06-21 | 赤峰龙峰铸管厂 | 冲天炉铁水生产小口径铸态球墨铸铁管工艺 |
| DE19750144A1 (de) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-06-02 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mahlwalze |
| US6331219B1 (en) | 1998-10-09 | 2001-12-18 | Morgan Construction Company | Retarded cooling system with granular insulation material |
| RU2166389C2 (ru) * | 1999-03-10 | 2001-05-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Способ производства бесшовных горячекатаных труб |
| FR2839727B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-14 | 2004-06-25 | Technologica Sarl | Procede d'elaboration et de mise en forme de pieces en fonte a graphite spheroidal a caracteristiques mecaniques elevees |
| RU2205724C1 (ru) * | 2002-07-12 | 2003-06-10 | Захаров Владимир Алексеевич | Способ непрерывного или полунепрерывного литья трубных заготовок из меди и ее сплавов |
| RU2211745C1 (ru) * | 2002-09-04 | 2003-09-10 | Захаров Владимир Алексеевич | Установка для непрерывного вертикального литья трубных заготовок |
| RU2230623C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-06-20 | Захаров Владимир Алексеевич | Способ изготовления тонкостенных труб из меди и ее сплавов |
| RU2230625C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-06-20 | Захаров Владимир Алексеевич | Способ изготовления тонкостенных труб из меди и ее сплавов |
| RU2230624C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-03 | 2004-06-20 | Захаров Владимир Алексеевич | Способ изготовления тонкостенных труб из меди и ее сплавов |
| NL1023849C2 (nl) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-11 | Corus Technology B V | Werkwijze en inrichting voor de productie van buizen en een pijpleiding. |
| GB0403411D0 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2004-03-24 | Unilever Plc | Process to prepare a shaped solid detergent |
| US20050189043A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-09-01 | Technologica | Method of fabricating spheroidal graphite cast iron parts of high precision, geometrically and dimensionally, and having improved mechanical characteristics |
| KR100868222B1 (ko) | 2007-08-22 | 2008-11-11 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 히터튜브 교환장치 |
| CN108526265B (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-06-21 | 重庆市铭鼎机械制造有限公司 | 重型车用排气管的制造设备 |
| CN109513890B (zh) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-06-26 | 西安理工大学 | 一种具有a型石墨组织的空心铸铁管材的制备方法 |
| CN109382492B (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2021-01-26 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种连续制备颗粒增强金属基复合材料的方法及装置 |
| JP7578405B2 (ja) | 2020-03-23 | 2024-11-06 | アイシン高丘株式会社 | 差動装置 |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB967109A (en) * | 1962-07-17 | 1964-08-19 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to a method of and apparatus for continuously casting materials |
| JPS5522528B2 (fr) * | 1974-02-23 | 1980-06-17 | ||
| FR2297247A1 (fr) * | 1975-01-13 | 1976-08-06 | Inst Odlewnictwa | Procede de traitement thermique de la fonte et dispositif pour la realisation de ce procede |
| JPS5284118A (en) * | 1976-01-06 | 1977-07-13 | Kubota Ltd | Heat treatment of ductile cast iron tube made by centrifugal casting |
| GB1562003A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1980-03-05 | Mogilev Fiz Tekhn I Akad Nauk | Continuous casting of hollow strands |
| FR2415501A1 (fr) * | 1978-01-27 | 1979-08-24 | Pont A Mousson | Procede et installation pour la coulee continue de produits tubulaires |
| US4420029A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1983-12-13 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Apparatus for blocking escape of heat in hot slabs manufactured on continuous casting machines |
| JPS569354A (en) * | 1979-07-06 | 1981-01-30 | Riken Corp | Tough spherical graphitic cast iron for abrasion resistant part |
| JPS5613421A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-02-09 | Riken Corp | Tough and hard spheroidal graphite cast iron and its manufacture |
| US4257472A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-03-24 | Concast Incorporated | Continuous casting of hollow shapes |
| JPS5931415B2 (ja) * | 1980-06-16 | 1984-08-02 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 中空管の製造方法および装置 |
| JPS57100846A (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-06-23 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Manufacture of alloy thin plate having high magnetic permeability of iron-cobalt-silicon compound |
| JPS57194240A (en) * | 1981-05-26 | 1982-11-29 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | High-strength ductile cast iron |
| CA1186479A (fr) * | 1981-06-10 | 1985-05-07 | Michael J. Pryor | Methode et dispositif de refroidissement et de solidification de pieces venues de coulee continue |
| US4473105A (en) * | 1981-06-10 | 1984-09-25 | Olin Corporation | Process for cooling and solidifying continuous or semi-continuously cast material |
| SE443524B (sv) * | 1982-02-12 | 1986-03-03 | Uralsky Politekhn Inst | Halvkontinuerlig gjutmaskin |
| FR2522291A1 (fr) * | 1982-03-01 | 1983-09-02 | Pont A Mousson | Tube centrifuge en fonte a graphite spheroidal et son procede de fabrication |
| GB2116887A (en) * | 1982-03-20 | 1983-10-05 | Acme Conveyors & Constr | Cooling foundry castings |
| FR2547517B1 (fr) * | 1983-06-15 | 1986-07-25 | Pont A Mousson | Installation de coulee continue verticale a filiere a entree chaude pour la coulee de tubes metalliques, notamment en fonte |
| FR2557820B1 (fr) * | 1984-01-10 | 1987-05-07 | Pont A Mousson | Dispositif d'alimentation en metal liquide pour installation de coulee continue verticale d'un tube metallique, notamment en fonte |
-
1985
- 1985-01-04 FR FR8500159A patent/FR2575683B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1985-12-13 IN IN1004/MAS/85A patent/IN166932B/en unknown
- 1985-12-13 GB GB8530723A patent/GB2169230B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-17 MX MX991A patent/MX164846B/es unknown
- 1985-12-19 AU AU51464/85A patent/AU564826B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-12-20 ZA ZA859748A patent/ZA859748B/xx unknown
- 1985-12-20 YU YU2006/85A patent/YU44536B/xx unknown
- 1985-12-20 SI SI8512006A patent/SI8512006A8/sl unknown
- 1985-12-23 AT AT85116525T patent/ATE35291T1/de active
- 1985-12-23 DE DE8585116525T patent/DE3563458D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-12-23 EP EP85116525A patent/EP0190458B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1985-12-25 JP JP60299687A patent/JPH0615693B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-27 PL PL1985257172A patent/PL144856B1/pl unknown
- 1985-12-30 RO RO121636A patent/RO93864B/ro unknown
- 1985-12-30 DD DD85285711A patent/DD247621A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-31 KR KR1019850010053A patent/KR900001325B1/ko not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-01-02 FI FI860009A patent/FI80621C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-03 BR BR8600005A patent/BR8600005A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-03 CA CA000498949A patent/CA1277478C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-01-03 TR TR282/86A patent/TR22514A/xx unknown
- 1986-01-03 ES ES550663A patent/ES8705285A1/es not_active Expired
- 1986-01-03 SU SU4003599A patent/SU1450729A3/ru active
- 1986-01-03 UA UA4003599A patent/UA5948A1/uk unknown
- 1986-01-05 EG EG04/86A patent/EG17408A/xx active
-
1987
- 1987-03-25 YU YU516/87A patent/YU44943B/xx unknown
- 1987-03-25 SI SI8710516A patent/SI8710516A8/sl unknown
- 1987-12-03 US US07/131,250 patent/US4800949A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-12-22 MY MYPI88001511A patent/MY103668A/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-04-02 HR HRP-2006/85A patent/HRP930748B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-04-02 HR HR930763A patent/HRP930763B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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