DD284058A5 - Elektrochemisches verfahren - Google Patents
Elektrochemisches verfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DD284058A5 DD284058A5 DD89329595A DD32959589A DD284058A5 DD 284058 A5 DD284058 A5 DD 284058A5 DD 89329595 A DD89329595 A DD 89329595A DD 32959589 A DD32959589 A DD 32959589A DD 284058 A5 DD284058 A5 DD 284058A5
- Authority
- DD
- German Democratic Republic
- Prior art keywords
- microemulsions
- perfluoropolyether
- end groups
- oil
- water
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 2
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical class OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012154 double-distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 naphthalene (perfluorodecalin) Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGUZHRODIJCVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroheptane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LGUZHRODIJCVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012088 reference solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT21004/88A IT1217838B (it) | 1988-06-17 | 1988-06-17 | Microemulsioni per tipo acqua in olio elettricamente conduttrici,a base di composti perfluorurati usate come catolita in processi elettrochimici |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DD284058A5 true DD284058A5 (de) | 1990-10-31 |
Family
ID=11175276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD89329595A DD284058A5 (de) | 1988-06-17 | 1989-06-14 | Elektrochemisches verfahren |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5045158A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0346933B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2911482B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR960011676B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1038675A (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE125945T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU614627B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8902905A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1338862C (fr) |
| DD (1) | DD284058A5 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE68923661T2 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI892967L (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL90619A0 (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1217838B (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO177027C (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT90891B (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA894535B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1270703B (it) * | 1994-11-17 | 1997-05-07 | Ausimont Spa | Microemulsioni di fluoropoliossialchileni in miscela con idrocarburi, e loro uso in processi di (co)polimerizzazione di monomeri fluorurati |
| AU4458797A (en) | 1997-09-15 | 1999-04-05 | Sofitech N.V. | Electrically conductive non-aqueous wellbore fluids |
| US6793025B2 (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 2004-09-21 | M-I L. L. C. | Double emulsion based drilling fluids |
| US6405809B2 (en) | 1998-01-08 | 2002-06-18 | M-I Llc | Conductive medium for openhold logging and logging while drilling |
| JP4548420B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-14 | 2010-09-22 | Nokクリューバー株式会社 | 金属表面保護剤 |
| CN101128569B (zh) * | 2005-02-22 | 2012-12-12 | Nok克鲁勃株式会社 | 润滑剂 |
| US7939477B2 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2011-05-10 | Nok Kluber Co., Ltd. | Lubricant composition for oil-impregnated sintered bearings |
| CN111101143A (zh) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-05 | 北京化工大学 | 一种用于电解水的电解液及电解水制氢系统 |
| WO2025208137A1 (fr) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Configurations de cellules électrochimiques divisées pour destruction électrochimique de substances perfluoroalkylées |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3048549A (en) * | 1957-05-27 | 1962-08-07 | Carsbie C Adams | Electrode jelly |
| US4012329A (en) * | 1973-08-27 | 1977-03-15 | Marathon Oil Company | Water-in-oil microemulsion drilling fluids |
| IT1002396B (it) * | 1973-12-28 | 1976-05-20 | Montedison Spa | Nn bis ammino alchil ammidi degli acidi poliossaperfluroalcandioici loro derivati e procedimento per la loro preparazione |
| IT1213071B (it) * | 1986-05-07 | 1989-12-07 | Ausimont Spa | Perfluoropolieteri esenti da ossigeno perossidico e contenenti gruppi perfluoroepossidici disposti lungo la catena perfluoropolieterea. |
| IL82308A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1990-11-29 | Ausimont Spa | Microemulsions containing perfluoropolyethers |
| IT1203514B (it) * | 1987-02-26 | 1989-02-15 | Ausimont Spa | Microemulsioni a base di tre liquidi immiscibili,comprendenti un perfluoropolietere |
| IT1223324B (it) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-09-19 | Ausimont Spa | Microemulsioni acquose comprendenti perfluoropolieteri funzionali |
| IT1223325B (it) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-09-19 | Ausimont Spa | Microemulsioni elettricamente conduttrici a base di perfluoropolieteri |
| IT1217452B (it) * | 1988-05-02 | 1990-03-22 | Ausimont Spa | Perfluoropolieteri contenenti un alogeno diverso da fluoro e aventi un gruppo terminale a funzione acida |
-
1988
- 1988-06-17 IT IT21004/88A patent/IT1217838B/it active
-
1989
- 1989-06-14 ZA ZA894535A patent/ZA894535B/xx unknown
- 1989-06-14 DD DD89329595A patent/DD284058A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-14 IL IL90619A patent/IL90619A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-14 AU AU36411/89A patent/AU614627B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-06-16 DE DE68923661T patent/DE68923661T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-16 CN CN89104041A patent/CN1038675A/zh active Pending
- 1989-06-16 CA CA000603080A patent/CA1338862C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-16 FI FI892967A patent/FI892967L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-06-16 PT PT90891A patent/PT90891B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-16 EP EP89111008A patent/EP0346933B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-16 BR BR898902905A patent/BR8902905A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-06-16 JP JP1154416A patent/JP2911482B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-16 NO NO892520A patent/NO177027C/no unknown
- 1989-06-16 AT AT89111008T patent/ATE125945T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-17 KR KR1019890008386A patent/KR960011676B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-19 US US07/367,860 patent/US5045158A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5045158A (en) | 1991-09-03 |
| JP2911482B2 (ja) | 1999-06-23 |
| AU3641189A (en) | 1989-12-21 |
| EP0346933A3 (fr) | 1992-01-08 |
| NO177027B (no) | 1995-03-27 |
| ATE125945T1 (de) | 1995-08-15 |
| AU614627B2 (en) | 1991-09-05 |
| PT90891B (pt) | 1994-12-30 |
| EP0346933A2 (fr) | 1989-12-20 |
| IT1217838B (it) | 1990-03-30 |
| PT90891A (pt) | 1989-12-29 |
| CA1338862C (fr) | 1997-01-21 |
| KR900000506A (ko) | 1990-01-30 |
| FI892967A7 (fi) | 1989-12-18 |
| DE68923661D1 (de) | 1995-09-07 |
| DE68923661T2 (de) | 1996-04-18 |
| FI892967A0 (fi) | 1989-06-16 |
| CN1038675A (zh) | 1990-01-10 |
| KR960011676B1 (ko) | 1996-08-29 |
| JPH02111891A (ja) | 1990-04-24 |
| NO177027C (no) | 1995-07-05 |
| FI892967L (fi) | 1989-12-18 |
| ZA894535B (en) | 1990-03-28 |
| NO892520D0 (no) | 1989-06-16 |
| IT8821004A0 (it) | 1988-06-17 |
| IL90619A0 (en) | 1990-01-18 |
| EP0346933B1 (fr) | 1995-08-02 |
| BR8902905A (pt) | 1990-02-01 |
| NO892520L (no) | 1989-12-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A5 | Published as prov. exclusive patent | ||
| ENJ | Ceased due to non-payment of renewal fee |