DK154065B - Fremgangsmaade til ved paadampning i vakuum paa en glasplade at anbringe et varmereflekterende metallag - Google Patents
Fremgangsmaade til ved paadampning i vakuum paa en glasplade at anbringe et varmereflekterende metallag Download PDFInfo
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- DK154065B DK154065B DK594473AA DK594473A DK154065B DK 154065 B DK154065 B DK 154065B DK 594473A A DK594473A A DK 594473AA DK 594473 A DK594473 A DK 594473A DK 154065 B DK154065 B DK 154065B
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- Prior art keywords
- glass plate
- layer
- heat
- solar radiation
- respect
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005391 art glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3615—Coatings of the type glass/metal/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being non-metallic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3628—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a sulfide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3649—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer made of metals other than silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3652—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
- C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/02—Noble metals
- B32B2311/08—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/12—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/08—Glass
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
Description
DK 154065 B
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til ved pådampning i vakuum på en glasplade at anbringe et varmereflek-terende metallag og af den i krav l's indledning angivne art.
En sådan fremgangsmåde kendes fra NL patentansøgning nr.
5 7.108.021. Ved den kendte fremgangsmåde består det varmere- flekterende metallag af et guldlag. Den fra dette nederlandske patentskrift nr. 7.108.021 kendte fremgangsmåde fremstillede varmereflekterende glasplade er tilpasset til de tilfælde, hvor der ikke kræves nogen stor lystransmissionsevne, men hvor 10 det i det væsentlige kommer an på en formindskelse af de indre rums varmebelastning, således at de fortrinsvis vælges til kontorlokaler og tilsvarende rum. Der er dog vanskeligheder i forbindelse med brug af guld til pådampning af det varmereflekterende lag. Især har de kendte glasplader set udefra en ten-15 dens i retning mod blåt, medens en neutral gråfarvet tone er ønskelig.
Fagmanden, der søger en løsning på den nævnte vanskelighed, vil på grundlag af de relevante egenskaber for andre materia-20 ler (se Zeitschrift fUr Metallkunde 58 (1967) side 768-778,
Zeitschrift flir Physik 161, side 163-178 (1961) og Advance in
Physics 6, side 102-144 (1957)) mene, at en erstatning af guldlaget i en glasplade ved den ifølge NL patentansøgning nr.
71 08 021 kendte fremgangsmåde med sølv, hvis egenskaber på 25 mange punkter stemmer overens med guldets, vil forstærke den blå tone i stedet for at tage denne væk som tilsigtet. Fremgangsmåden ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse beror på den overraskende kendsgerning, at den angivne fordom ikke bekræftes .
30
Den indledningsvist omtalte fremgangsmåde er derfor ejendommelig ved, at det varmereflekterende metallag består af sølv.
Det bemærkes, at en fremgangsmåde for ved pådampning i vakuum 35 at anbringe et lag sølv som varmemodvirkende metallag på en glasplade i sig selv er kendt fra DE offentliggørelsesskrift 1.596.825, hvorved der imidlertid sammen med andre pådampede lag formes et interferensfilter, og denne kendte fremgangsmåde fortrinsvis udføres med guld.
DK 154065 B
2
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen forklares nærmere i forbindelse med den efterfølgende figurbeskrivelse, hvor to udførelseseksempler forklares i enkeltheder på grundlag af tegningen, hvor 5 fig. 1 viser skematisk og set i snit en varmereflekterende glasplade fremstillet ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 2 spektrale transmissions- og reflektionskurver for en 10 varmereflekterende glasplade fremstillet ifølge opfindelsen med et sølvlag for bølgeområdet fra 400 til 2500 nm.
På et i fig. 1 vist transparent substrat 1, der består af silikatglas, befinder der sig et absorptionslag 2, der igen er 15 belagt med et sølvlag 3. På sølvlaget 3 er et antireflektionslag 4 anbragt. Absorptionslaget 2 består af en chrom-nikkellegering med 20 vægt% chrom og 80 vægt% nikkel og er så tykt, at lystransmissionsgraden for den af det transparente substrat 1 og af absorptionslaget 2 bestående delsammensætning er ca. 17% 20 mindre end lystransmissionsgraden for det transparente sub strat alene. Sølvlågets tykkelse afhænger af den ønskede lystransmissionsgrad for den varmereflekterende glasplade og ligger almindeligvis ca. i området fra 15 til 40 nm. Antire-flektionslaget 3 består af ZnS og er ca. 45 nm tykt, således 25 at det har en god antiref lektionsvirkning i området for det synlige lys. Ved indsætningen af glaspladen eller ruden frem stillet ifølge opfindelsen placeres den således i vinduesrammen, at det transparente substrat befinder sig på vinduets udvendige side.
30
Den i fig. 2 viste kurve a gengiver den spektrale transmissionsgrad for en varmereflekterende vinduesrude med sølvbelægning fremstillet ifølge opfindelsen i bølgelængdeområdet fra 400 til 2500 nm. Transmissionsgraden er størst i det bølgelængde-35 område, for hvilket det menneskelige øje er mest følsomt, altså i området på ca. 550 nm. Hen imod de større bølgelængder aftager transmissionsgraden meget kraftigt, således at solstrålingens infrarøde del kun i meget ringe grad kan passere gennem ruden.
DK 154065B
3
Af forløbet for kurven b, som gengiver den spektrale reflektion af ruden set fra det transparente substrats side fremgår, at solstrålingens infrarøde del med de lange bølger reflekteres meget kraftigt. I det synlige område adskiller reflektions-5 koefficienten sig i forhold til en rude med guldlag væsentligt mindre for de forskellige bølgelængder. Dette resulterer i, at ruden set udefra får en praktisk taget neutral farve med en meget svag blågrå nuance, hvilket arkitektonisk set er meget ønskeligt, da en rude, der ved betragtning udefra i det væsent-10 lige virker farveneutralt, muliggør en farvemæssig kombination med det største antal forskellige facadeelementer. I denne henseende er varmebeskyttelsesruderne fremstillet ifølge opfindelsen overlegne i forhold til de guldbelagte ruder, der fremgår af beskrivelsen til trysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr.
15 2.029.181, ved hvilke den blågrå farvede!, når ruden betragtes udefra, er mere udpræget.
Den i fig. 2 viste kurve c gengiver det spektrale forløb af reflektionen af det interferens-anti-reflektionslag, der er 20 anbragt på rudens indad vendende side. Af kurven c ses det, at reflektionsevnen for en anden fremstilling ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen specielt i bølgelængdeområdet med stor øje-følsomhed i sammenligning med det infrarøde bølgelængdeområde i forhold til et enkelt-sølvlåg er væsentligt lavere, hvorved 25 reflektionsvirkningen i det væsentlige forsvinder, sammenlignet med kendt rude med et enkeltlag af sølv.
Herved bliver spejlvirkningen set fra indersiden i sammenligning med enkeltlag af sølv i det væsentlige afbrudt eller for-30 hindret. Ganske vist er reflektionsevnen indefra ved rudemate-rialet fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen indenfor bølgelængdeområdet med stor følsomhed og også reflektions-evnen udefra (kurve b) større end for det fra NL patentansøgning nr. 71 08 021 kendte varmereflekterende rudemateriale, 35 men den kraftige forbedring af det neutrale udseende udefra gør ref lektionsevneforøgelsen i det synlige bølgelængdeområde set fra antireflektionslagets side mere acceptabel, medens reflektionsforøgelsen set fra det transparente substrats side
DK 154065 B
4 har arkitektoniske fordele, fordi sådanne facader, der er forsynet med rudematerialet fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen i vinduesområderne, frembyder et særligt levende udseende, hvorved ethvert mat, dødt indtryk undgås.
5 1. udførelseseksempel I et storindustrielt dampbelægningsanlæg med fordampningsorganer til påføring af tre lag anbringes en floatglasplade, der 10 er 5 mm tyk og 2 x 3 m stor. Efter at fordamperskibene er forsynet med en chrom-nikkellegering bestående af 80 vægt% nikkel og 20 vægt% chrom, henholdsvis med sølv og zinksulfid, udpumpes anlægget til et tryk på ca. 3 x 10"2 Torr. Derefter renses glasoverfladen i 8 minutter ved hjælp af giimmudladning og 15 befries for eventuelt vedhæftende vandlag. Efter yderligere udpumpning til et tryk på 6 x 10“5 Torr dampes lagene 2, 3 og 4 på floatglaspladen.
Ved pådampning af chrom-nikkellegeringen nedsættes floatglas-20 pladens lystransmissionsgrad, der før pådampningens begyndelse andrager 90%, til 75%. Det efter pådampningen af sølvlaget pådampede ZnS-lag er ca. 46 nm tykt.
Den således fremstillede vinduesrude udviser følgende optiske 25 egenskaber:
Lystransmission (med hensyn til øjets følsomhed) = 55%.
Ref1ektionsevne for den side, hvorpå lagene er (med hensyn til 30 solens totalstråling) = 48%.
Reflektionsevne for glassiden (med hensyn til solens totalstråling) = 41%.
35 Transmissionsgrad (med hensyn til solens totalstråling) = 34%.
Ruden indsættes ved brug således i en vinduesramme, at glassiden befinder sig udvendigt efter indsætningen. Ved betragtning
Claims (4)
15 Lystransmission (med hensyn til øjets følsomhed) = 45%. Reflektionsevne for lagsiden (med hensyn til solens totalstråling) = 51%.
20 Ref lektionsevne for g1as.s.iden (med hensyn til solens totalstråling) = 43%. Transmissionsgrad (med hensyn til solens totalstråling) = 27%.
25 Også den efter eksempel 2 fremstillede rude udviser, efter indsætning i en vinduesramme på en sådan måde, at glaspladen vender udefter, en behagelig, ensartet og praktisk taget neutral farvetone, og man kan ikke opdage nogen form for skylignende uregelmæssighed, når man ser igennem ruden. 30 Patentkrav.
1. Fremgangsmåde til ved pådampning i vakuum på en glasplade 35 at anbringe et varmereflekterende metallag på et direkte på glaspladen anbragt absorberende lag, hvorefter der på det varmeref lekterende metallag anbringes et antireflektionslag, hvorved man får en glasplade med en transmissionsevne for synligt DK 154065 B lys på 20 - 60%, hvorved absorptionslaget bestående af et metal, et halvmetal eller en metallegering, med et brydningsforhold og en ekstinktionskoefficient af samme størrelsesorden, sammen med glaspladen, har en lystransmissionsevne, der er 10 5 - 65% mindre end for glaspladen alene, og hvor antireflektions laget har et brydningsforhold, der er større end 1,7, kendetegnet ved, at det varmereflekterende lag består af sølv. 10 15 20 25 30 35
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2334152 | 1973-07-05 | ||
| DE2334152A DE2334152B2 (de) | 1973-07-05 | 1973-07-05 | Wärmereflektierende, 20 bis 60% des sichtbaren Lichtes durchlassende Fensterscheibe mit verbesserter Farbneutralltät In der Ansicht und ihre Verwendung |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK594473A DK594473A (da) | 1975-03-17 |
| DK154065B true DK154065B (da) | 1988-10-10 |
| DK154065C DK154065C (da) | 1989-03-06 |
Family
ID=5885980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK594473A DK154065C (da) | 1973-07-05 | 1973-11-02 | Fremgangsmaade til ved paadampning i vakuum paa en glasplade at anbringe et varmereflekterende metallag |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3978273A (da) |
| JP (1) | JPS5855089B2 (da) |
| AR (1) | AR206891A1 (da) |
| BE (1) | BE817317R (da) |
| BR (1) | BR7405224A (da) |
| CA (1) | CA1009073A (da) |
| CH (1) | CH575890A5 (da) |
| DD (1) | DD111888A5 (da) |
| DE (1) | DE2334152B2 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK154065C (da) |
| ES (1) | ES427091A2 (da) |
| FR (1) | FR2235886B2 (da) |
| GB (1) | GB1413463A (da) |
| IE (1) | IE39902B1 (da) |
| IL (1) | IL44986A (da) |
| IT (1) | IT1046127B (da) |
| NL (1) | NL172437C (da) |
| NO (1) | NO742417L (da) |
| SE (1) | SE390294B (da) |
| ZA (1) | ZA743142B (da) |
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| US5054902B1 (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1998-06-23 | William J King | Light control with color enhancement |
| DE2604921C3 (de) * | 1976-02-09 | 1984-03-08 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Beleuchtungseinrichtung für medizinische oder zahnärztliche Zwecke |
| US4223974A (en) * | 1978-08-02 | 1980-09-23 | American Optical Corporation | Enhanced bonding of silicon oxides and silver by intermediate coating of metal |
| JPS5833101B2 (ja) * | 1978-11-13 | 1983-07-18 | 横浜機工株式会社 | 耐熱性反射板 |
| DE2924833C3 (de) * | 1979-06-20 | 1982-05-19 | Bfg Glassgroup, Paris | Wärmereflexionsscheibe mit farbneutraler Außenansicht und deren Verwendung als Außenscheibe einer Mehrscheibenanordnung |
| DE2924824C3 (de) * | 1979-06-20 | 1986-07-10 | Bfg Glassgroup, Paris | Wärmereflexionsscheibe, insbesondere wärmereflektierende Fensterscheibe und deren Verwendung als Außenscheibe einer Mehrscheibenanordnung |
| JPS568107A (en) * | 1979-07-03 | 1981-01-27 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Light absorbing film applied with antireflection |
| JPS58209549A (ja) * | 1982-06-01 | 1983-12-06 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 熱線しゃへい積層体 |
| GB2136316B (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1986-05-29 | Glaverbel | Coated glazing materials |
| DE3316548C2 (de) * | 1983-03-25 | 1985-01-17 | Flachglas AG, 8510 Fürth | Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines transparenten Substrates |
| DE3311815C3 (de) * | 1983-03-31 | 1997-12-04 | Leybold Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Scheiben |
| AU572881B2 (en) * | 1983-09-09 | 1988-05-19 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Sputtering oxidative metal film |
| JPS6238402A (ja) * | 1985-08-13 | 1987-02-19 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 光学フイルタ− |
| NL8602106A (nl) * | 1986-08-19 | 1988-03-16 | Grasso Koninkl Maschf | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het automatisch periodiek afvoeren van niet-condenseerbare gassen uit de kringloop van een compressiekoelmachine. |
| JPH0517233Y2 (da) * | 1987-07-10 | 1993-05-10 | ||
| US5201926A (en) * | 1987-08-08 | 1993-04-13 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of coated glass with a high transmissivity in the visible spectral range and with a high reflectivity for thermal radiation |
| ATE73742T1 (de) * | 1987-08-08 | 1992-04-15 | Leybold Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen von scheiben mit hohem transmissionsverhalten im sichtbaren spektralbereich und mit hohem reflexionsverhalten fuer waermestrahlung sowie durch das verfahren hergestellte scheiben. |
| US4966437A (en) * | 1988-04-19 | 1990-10-30 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Fault-tolerant anti-reflective coatings |
| IL86366A0 (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1988-11-15 | Luz Ind Israel Ltd | Protected silvered substrates and mirrors containing the same |
| JPH0299933U (da) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-08-09 | ||
| US5544465A (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1996-08-13 | Southwall Technologies, Inc. | Thermally insulating multipane glazing struture |
| CA2055151A1 (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-06-25 | Mark F. Best | Dual glass sheet non-planar window having an anti-reflective coating and method for making the window |
| US5229194A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-07-20 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Heat treatable sputter-coated glass systems |
| DE4211363A1 (de) * | 1992-04-04 | 1993-10-07 | Leybold Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Scheiben mit hohem Transmissionsverhalten im sichtbaren Spektralbereich und mit hohem Reflexionsverhalten für Wärmestrahlung sowie durch das Verfahren hergestellte Scheiben |
| US5344718A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1994-09-06 | Guardian Industries Corp. | High performance, durable, low-E glass |
| CH685138A5 (de) * | 1993-04-15 | 1995-03-31 | Balzers Hochvakuum | Hochreflektierender Silberspiegel. |
| GB9320305D0 (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1993-11-17 | Kodak Ltd | Production of carriers for surface plasmin resonance |
| US5376455A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1994-12-27 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Heat-treatment convertible coated glass and method of converting same |
| DE4336321A1 (de) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-27 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | Beschußhemmende Panzerglasscheibe für Kraftfahrzeuge |
| US5514476A (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1996-05-07 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Low-E glass coating system and insulating glass units made therefrom |
| US5557462A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-09-17 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Dual silver layer Low-E glass coating system and insulating glass units made therefrom |
| MX9605168A (es) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-08-30 | Guardian Industries | Sistema de recubrimiento con vidrio de baja emisividad, durable, de alto funcionamiento, neutro, unidades de vidrio aislante elaboradas a partir del mismo, y metodos para la fabricacion de los mismos. |
| US5770321A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1998-06-23 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Neutral, high visible, durable low-e glass coating system and insulating glass units made therefrom |
| US6262364B1 (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2001-07-17 | Bridgestone Corporation | Electromagnetic-wave shielding and light transmitting plate |
| US6262830B1 (en) | 1997-09-16 | 2001-07-17 | Michael Scalora | Transparent metallo-dielectric photonic band gap structure |
| US6132881A (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2000-10-17 | Guardian Industries Corp. | High light transmission, low-E sputter coated layer systems and insulated glass units made therefrom |
| US5907427A (en) | 1997-10-24 | 1999-05-25 | Time Domain Corporation | Photonic band gap device and method using a periodicity defect region to increase photonic signal delay |
| US6304366B1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 2001-10-16 | Michael Scalora | Photonic signal frequency conversion using a photonic band gap structure |
| US6744552B2 (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 2004-06-01 | Michael Scalora | Photonic signal frequency up and down-conversion using a photonic band gap structure |
| US6034813A (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2000-03-07 | Southwall Technologies, Inc. | Wavelength selective applied films with glare control |
| US6168825B1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 2001-01-02 | O'brien Dudley | Process for producing thin transparent gold coatings |
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| US6396617B1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2002-05-28 | Michael Scalora | Photonic band gap device and method using a periodicity defect region doped with a gain medium to increase photonic signal delay |
| US6538794B1 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 2003-03-25 | D'aguanno Giuseppe | Efficient non-linear phase shifting using a photonic band gap structure |
| US6414780B1 (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2002-07-02 | D'aguanno Giuseppe | Photonic signal reflectivity and transmissivity control using a photonic band gap structure |
| US6339493B1 (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2002-01-15 | Michael Scalora | Apparatus and method for controlling optics propagation based on a transparent metal stack |
| US7462398B2 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2008-12-09 | Centre Luxembourgeois De Recherches Pour Le Verre Et La Ceramique S.A. (C.R.V.C.) | Coated article with zinc oxide over IR reflecting layer and corresponding method |
| JP2003015175A (ja) | 2001-04-27 | 2003-01-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 固体光源装置 |
| FR2827855B1 (fr) | 2001-07-25 | 2004-07-02 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage muni d'un empilement de couches minces reflechissant les infrarouges et/ou le rayonnement solaire |
| US7067195B2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2006-06-27 | Cardinal Cg Company | Coatings having low emissivity and low solar reflectance |
| US7122252B2 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2006-10-17 | Cardinal Cg Company | High shading performance coatings |
| JP4298654B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-31 | 2009-07-22 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 焼入れ可能な高遮光性コーティング |
| GB0607743D0 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2006-05-31 | Pilkington Plc | Laminated glazing |
| US9265906B2 (en) | 2013-02-25 | 2016-02-23 | Covidien Lp | Compressible cannula connector with release grip |
| US10815013B1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-10-27 | United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa | Coatings for multilayer insulation materials |
| CN121219127A (zh) * | 2023-07-04 | 2025-12-26 | 旭硝子欧洲玻璃公司 | 阳光控制层压式嵌装玻璃 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1596825A1 (de) * | 1966-05-18 | 1971-04-01 | Glaverbel | Antiwaermeverglasung mit modifizierten optischen Eigenschaften |
| NL7108021A (da) * | 1970-06-13 | 1971-12-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3236290A (en) * | 1963-02-12 | 1966-02-22 | Lueder Holger | Method and apparatus for controlling radiation through a window |
| US3537944A (en) * | 1967-03-17 | 1970-11-03 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Transparent heat reflecting window having relatively low internal visual reflection |
| US3516720A (en) * | 1968-03-04 | 1970-06-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Thin film coating for sunglasses |
| US3682528A (en) * | 1970-09-10 | 1972-08-08 | Optical Coating Laboratory Inc | Infra-red interference filter |
-
1973
- 1973-07-05 DE DE2334152A patent/DE2334152B2/de not_active Ceased
- 1973-10-04 SE SE7313509A patent/SE390294B/xx unknown
- 1973-11-02 DK DK594473A patent/DK154065C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1974
- 1974-01-01 AR AR254556A patent/AR206891A1/es active
- 1974-05-16 ZA ZA00743142A patent/ZA743142B/xx unknown
- 1974-05-21 IT IT23003/74A patent/IT1046127B/it active
- 1974-05-27 NL NLAANVRAGE7407064,A patent/NL172437C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-04 CH CH758074A patent/CH575890A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-05 GB GB2502274A patent/GB1413463A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-07 ES ES427091A patent/ES427091A2/es not_active Expired
- 1974-06-07 IL IL44986A patent/IL44986A/xx unknown
- 1974-06-26 BR BR5224/74A patent/BR7405224A/pt unknown
- 1974-07-01 US US05/484,609 patent/US3978273A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-07-03 FR FR7423125A patent/FR2235886B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-07-03 DD DD179678A patent/DD111888A5/xx unknown
- 1974-07-03 NO NO742417A patent/NO742417L/no unknown
- 1974-07-04 CA CA204,087A patent/CA1009073A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-05 JP JP49077756A patent/JPS5855089B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-07-05 BE BE146276A patent/BE817317R/xx active
- 1974-07-05 IE IE1435/74A patent/IE39902B1/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1596825A1 (de) * | 1966-05-18 | 1971-04-01 | Glaverbel | Antiwaermeverglasung mit modifizierten optischen Eigenschaften |
| NL7108021A (da) * | 1970-06-13 | 1971-12-15 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1413463A (en) | 1975-11-12 |
| CH575890A5 (da) | 1976-05-31 |
| SE390294B (sv) | 1976-12-13 |
| US3978273A (en) | 1976-08-31 |
| NL7407064A (nl) | 1975-01-07 |
| FR2235886A2 (da) | 1975-01-31 |
| DD111888A5 (da) | 1975-03-12 |
| IL44986A0 (en) | 1974-09-10 |
| AR206891A1 (es) | 1976-08-31 |
| IT1046127B (it) | 1980-06-30 |
| ES427091A2 (es) | 1976-11-16 |
| CA1009073A (en) | 1977-04-26 |
| BR7405224A (pt) | 1976-11-30 |
| DE2334152B2 (de) | 1975-05-15 |
| IL44986A (en) | 1979-07-25 |
| DE2334152A1 (de) | 1975-01-30 |
| FR2235886B2 (da) | 1982-04-16 |
| IE39902L (en) | 1975-01-05 |
| NL172437C (nl) | 1983-09-01 |
| JPS5039314A (da) | 1975-04-11 |
| AU6986674A (en) | 1975-12-11 |
| SE7313509L (da) | 1975-01-07 |
| NL172437B (nl) | 1983-04-05 |
| ZA743142B (en) | 1975-05-28 |
| DK154065C (da) | 1989-03-06 |
| IE39902B1 (en) | 1979-01-31 |
| NO742417L (da) | 1975-02-03 |
| JPS5855089B2 (ja) | 1983-12-08 |
| BE817317R (fr) | 1975-01-06 |
| DK594473A (da) | 1975-03-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUP | Patent expired |