DK169963B1 - Fremgangsmåde ved fremstilling af et ildfast produkt og produkt fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden - Google Patents

Fremgangsmåde ved fremstilling af et ildfast produkt og produkt fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden Download PDF

Info

Publication number: DK169963B1
Authority: DK; Denmark
Prior art keywords: refractory; process according; binder; monophosphate; resin
Prior art date: 1985-09-02

Application number

DK193687A

Other languages

Danish (da)

English (en)

Other versions

DK193687A (da

DK193687D0 (da

Inventor

Michel Deffrane

Original Assignee

Wallone Prod Refractaires

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1985-09-02

Filing date

1987-04-14

Publication date

1995-04-18

1987-04-14 Application filed by Wallone Prod Refractaires filed Critical Wallone Prod Refractaires

1987-04-14 Publication of DK193687A publication Critical patent/DK193687A/da

1987-04-14 Publication of DK193687D0 publication Critical patent/DK193687D0/da

1995-04-18 Application granted granted Critical

1995-04-18 Publication of DK169963B1 publication Critical patent/DK169963B1/da

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
150000004712 monophosphates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 29
239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical group [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 59
239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 19
239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 18
238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 15
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 4
229910018404 Al2 O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 3
229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 3
238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JGTOQSVZBOODKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-3-sulfobenzoic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1S(O)(=O)=O JGTOQSVZBOODKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
XFBXDGLHUSUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;hydrate Chemical class O.[AlH3] XFBXDGLHUSUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
-1 chimney Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 description 1
229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63472—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/013—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics containing carbon
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Structural Engineering (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Ceramic Products (AREA)
Catalysts (AREA)
Building Environments (AREA)
Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Glass Compositions (AREA)
Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

DK193687A 1985-09-02 1987-04-14 Fremgangsmåde ved fremstilling af et ildfast produkt og produkt fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden DK169963B1 (da)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP85870123A EP0215997B1 (de)	1985-09-02	1985-09-02	Ungebranntes feuerfestes Erzeugnis hoher Festigkeit
EP85870123		1985-09-02
PCT/BE1986/000026 WO1987001368A1 (fr)	1985-09-02	1986-08-27	Produit refractaire fabrique sans cuisson, a haute resistance
BE8600026		1986-08-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
DK193687A DK193687A (da)	1987-04-14
DK193687D0 DK193687D0 (da)	1987-04-14
DK169963B1 true DK169963B1 (da)	1995-04-18

Family

ID=8194739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
DK193687A DK169963B1 (da)	1985-09-02	1987-04-14	Fremgangsmåde ved fremstilling af et ildfast produkt og produkt fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden

Country Status (8)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0215997B1 (de)
AT (1)	ATE50977T1 (de)
AU (1)	AU6225986A (de)
DE (1)	DE3576492D1 (de)
DK (1)	DK169963B1 (de)
ES (1)	ES2001412A6 (de)
WO (1)	WO1987001368A1 (de)
ZA (1)	ZA866613B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE4207248C2 (de) *	1992-03-08	1994-12-01	Veitsch Radex Ag	Feuerfester, keramischer, kohlenstoffhaltiger Werkstoff

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB370864A (en) *	1929-10-09	1932-04-14	Corning Glass Works	Refractory articles and method of making the same
US1851181A (en) *	1930-03-18	1932-03-29	Gen Refractories Co	Dense mix for refractories and process of preparing the same
US4387173A (en) *	1981-04-16	1983-06-07	General Refractories Company	Use of resorcinal polymer blend as a binder for carbon-containing refractory brick and shape
ATE33243T1 (de) *	1982-02-25	1988-04-15	Shell Int Research	Verfahren zur herstellung von feuerfestelementen.
EP0158895A3 (de) *	1984-04-14	1987-09-30	Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft	Verfahren zur Herstellung feuerfester Steine oder anderer Formkörper

1985
- 1985-09-02 EP EP85870123A patent/EP0215997B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-02 DE DE8585870123T patent/DE3576492D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-09-02 AT AT85870123T patent/ATE50977T1/de active
1986
- 1986-08-27 AU AU62259/86A patent/AU6225986A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-08-27 WO PCT/BE1986/000026 patent/WO1987001368A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1986-09-01 ZA ZA866613A patent/ZA866613B/xx unknown
- 1986-09-02 ES ES8601557A patent/ES2001412A6/es not_active Expired
1987
- 1987-04-14 DK DK193687A patent/DK169963B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
AU6225986A (en)	1987-03-24
WO1987001368A1 (fr)	1987-03-12
DK193687A (da)	1987-04-14
EP0215997B1 (de)	1990-03-14
ATE50977T1 (de)	1990-03-15
ES2001412A6 (es)	1988-05-16
ZA866613B (en)	1987-04-29
DK193687D0 (da)	1987-04-14
EP0215997A1 (de)	1987-04-01
DE3576492D1 (de)	1990-04-19

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
1995-04-18	B1	Patent granted (law 1993)
1996-04-15	PBP	Patent lapsed

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US2425891A (en)	1947-08-19	Refractories and method of making
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US2865772A (en)	1958-12-23	Lightweight insulating firebrick and method of manufacture
US2516893A (en)	1950-08-01	Refractory concrete
US3384500A (en)	1968-05-21	Refractory
NO172041B (no)	1993-02-22	Fremgangsmaate til fremstilling av et ildfast produkt
US4143867A (en)	1979-03-13	Metallurgical vessel