DK2702183T3 - Fremgangsmåde til indsætningshærdning af et kolddeformeret emne af en passiv legering. - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåde til indsætningshærdning af et kolddeformeret emne af en passiv legering. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK2702183T3 DK2702183T3 DK12721749.5T DK12721749T DK2702183T3 DK 2702183 T3 DK2702183 T3 DK 2702183T3 DK 12721749 T DK12721749 T DK 12721749T DK 2702183 T3 DK2702183 T3 DK 2702183T3
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- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- nitrogen
- carbon
- alloy
- workpiece
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 79
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 8
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 49
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 45
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 17
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 chromium nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(2+);methanidylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Cr]#[C-].[Cr]#[C-] GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;chromium Chemical group N.[Cr] SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
- C23C8/38—Treatment of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Claims (15)
1. Fremgangsmåde til dannelse af ekspanderet austenit og/eller ekspanderet mar-tensit ved indsætningshærdning af et kolddeformeret emne af en passiv legering baseret på jern, nikkel og/eller cobalt og omfattende mindst 10% krom, hvilket kolddeformeret emne har været udsat for ydre kræfter ved en temperatur under omkrystalliseringstemperaturen af den passive legering i en fremgangsmåde valgt blandt smedning, ekstrudering, formgivning, trækning, presning, valsning eller forarbejdning eller en kombination deraf, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter: - et første trin til indsættelse af mindst nitrogen ved anvendelse af N2-gas i emnet ved en temperatur TI, hvilken er over 1020°C og lavere end smeltepunktet af den passive legering, hvor indsætning af nitrogen ved temperatur TI gennemføres for at tilvejebringe en diffusionsdybde i området 50 pm til 5 mm, - et mellemlæggende trin til køling af emnet efter indsætningstrinnet ved temperatur TI til en temperatur, hvilken er lavere end temperaturen, ved hvilken carbider og/eller nitrider dannes i den passive legering, hvor kølingen fra temperaturen 900°C til 700°C gennemføres i mindre end 60 sekunder og - et efterfølgende andet trin til indsættelse af nitrogen og/eller carbon i emnet ved en temperatur T2 af mindst 300°C, hvilken temperatur T2 er lavere end temperaturen, ved hvilken carbider og/eller nitrider dannes i den passive legering.
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, hvor køletrinnet finder sted i en inert gas, fortrinsvis en inert gas ikke indeholdende nitrogen, såsom argon.
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 eller 2, hvor nitrogen og carbon indsættes ved temperatur TI.
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 3, hvor den passive legering er valgt fra gruppen omfattende rustfrit stål, austenitisk rustfrit stål, martensitisk rustfrit stål, ferritisk rustfrit stål, udskillelseshærdeligt (PH) rustfrit stål eller ferritisk-austenitisk rustfrit stål.
5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor indsætning ved temperatur T2 gennemføres i en fremgangsmåde valgt fra gruppen omfattende en gasbaseret fremgangsmåde, ionimplantering, saltbad eller plasma.
6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor temperatur TI er mindst 1050°C, såsom i området 1050°C til 1300°C.
7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor carbon indsættes ved temperatur T2, og temperatur T2 er under 550°C, fortrinsvis i området 300 - 530°C.
8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor nitrogen indsættes ved temperatur T2 eller nitrogen og carbon indsættes ved temperatur T2, og temperatur T2 er under 500°C, fortrinsvis i området 300 - 470°C.
9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor en tyk- kelse af ekspanderet austenit eller ekspanderet martensit af mindst 5 pm tilvejebringes i emnet.
10. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor hårdheden af zonen af ekspanderet austenit eller zonen af ekspanderet martensit er mindst 1000 HV.
11. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor emnet har en tykkelse af op til cirka 10 mm.
12. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en fuldt ud nitrogenmættet del af en legering baseret på jern, nikkel og/eller cobalt og omfattende mindst 10% krom, hvilken del har en tykkelse af op til 10 mm og en zone af ekspanderet austenit eller en zone af ekspanderet martensit zone af en tykkelse af mindst 5 pm og med en hårdhed af mindst 1000 FIV, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter trinnene: - tilvejebringelse af et kolddeformeret emne af en legering baseret på jern, nikkel og/eller cobalt og omfattende mindst 10% krom, hvilket emne har en tykkelse af op til 10 mm, og hvilket emne har været udsat for ydre kræfter ved en temperatur under omkrystalliseringstemperaturen af den passive legering i en fremgangsmåde valgt blandt smedning, ekstrudering, formgivning, trækning, presning, valsning eller forarbejdning, eller en kombination deraf, - et første trin til indsættelse af mindst nitrogen ved anvendelse af N2-gas i emnet ved en temperatur TI, hvilken er over 1020°C og lavere end smeltepunktet af den passive legering, hvor indsætning af nitrogen ved temperatur TI gennemføres for fuldt ud at mætte emnet med nitrogen, - et mellemlæggende trin til køling af emnet efter indsætningstrinnet ved temperatur TI til en temperatur, hvilken er lavere end temperaturen, ved hvilken carbider og/eller nitrider dannes i den passive legering, hvor kølingen fra temperaturen 900°C til 700°C gennemføres i mindre end 60 sekunder og - et efterfølgende andet trin til indsættelse af nitrogen og/eller carbon i emnet ved en temperatur T2 af mindst 300°C, hvilken temperatur T2 er lavere end temperaturen, ved hvilken carbider og/eller nitrider dannes i den passive legering, for at tilvejebringe delen.
13. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 12, hvor emnet eller delen er valgt blandt en styreskrue, en møtrik, en låseskive, et fastgøringsmiddel, en dyse, en del af en pumpe, en maskinbestanddel, en halvleder-ASML, en ferruledel, et kugleleje og et samlingsleje, en pneumatisk del og en membran.
14. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 12, hvor emnet eller delen er valgt blandt en ventildel eller en del til anvendelse i en ventil, en del af et kugleleje, en del af et medicinsk udstyr, eller et medicinsk instrument, eller en del af et dentalt udstyr, eller et dentalt instrument, en del af et farmaceutisk udstyr eller en del af en bil.
15. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 12, hvor emnet eller delen danner et ydre overfladeareal af et designobjekt, såsom en clips til at holde papir eller sedler, en skilteplade, en holder, en låg af en kasse, bestik, et ur, eller en plade monteret med et håndtag eller en plade, der danner en del af en lampe.
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| DKPA201170208 | 2011-04-28 | ||
| PCT/DK2012/050139 WO2012146254A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-04-27 | Method for solution hardening of a cold deformed workpiece of a passive alloy, and a member solution hardened by the method |
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| DK2702183T3 true DK2702183T3 (da) | 2018-03-12 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2999610B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-04-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de renforcement de pieces mecaniques soumises a la fatigue de contact |
| US10605387B2 (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2020-03-31 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Multiple layer hardness ferrule and method |
| US20150160416A1 (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-11 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Multiple layer hardness ferrule |
| US10100867B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2018-10-16 | Expanite Technology A/S | Lock washer |
| DK3299487T4 (da) * | 2016-09-27 | 2023-01-30 | Bodycote Plc | Fremgangsmåde til overfladehærdning af en kolddeformeret artikel omfattende lavtemperatursudglødning |
| US10514031B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2019-12-24 | American Manufacturing Innovators, Inc. | Packaging bore for eliminating washout failure |
| JP6979713B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-26 | 2021-12-15 | エクスパナイト テクノロジー アグシャセルスガーッブExpanite Technology A/S | 組立部品 |
| CN108588392B (zh) * | 2018-05-14 | 2020-06-23 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | 一种特大型调心轴承套圈盐浴淬火后的方法 |
| DE102018212111A1 (de) | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einem Stahl mit einer stickstoffhaltigen Schutzschicht und entsprechend hergestelltes Bauteil |
| AU2020228291A1 (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-10-07 | Somnio Global Holdings, Llc | High nitrogen steel powder and methods of making the same |
| WO2023114498A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2023-06-22 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | Articles fabricated from cold-worked and case-hardened essentially co-free stainless steel alloys and methods of fabrication thereof |
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| SU140439A1 (ru) * | 1960-04-11 | 1960-11-30 | А.В. Смирнов | Способ азотировани и нитроцементации стали |
| DE4333917C2 (de) * | 1993-10-05 | 1994-06-23 | Hans Prof Dr Ing Berns | Randaufsticken zur Erzeugung einer hochfesten austenitischen Randschicht in nichtrostenden Stählen |
| US6093303A (en) | 1998-08-12 | 2000-07-25 | Swagelok Company | Low temperature case hardening processes |
| RU2164964C1 (ru) * | 1999-08-09 | 2001-04-10 | Государственное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" | Способ азотирования жаропрочных сплавов на никелевой, железоникелевой, никель-кобальтовой и кобальтовой основе |
| RU2184175C2 (ru) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-06-27 | Институт прикладной механики Уральского отделения РАН | Способ термической обработки для формирования аустенита в железо-хромистых сплавах |
| ATE373115T1 (de) * | 2002-07-16 | 2007-09-15 | Univ Danmarks Tekniske | Einsatzhärten von rostfreiem stahl |
| JP4009716B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-08 | 2007-11-21 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | 窒素吸収処理によるステンレス鋼製製品の製造方法とこれにより得られるステンレス鋼製製品 |
| US20060124203A1 (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2006-06-15 | Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp | Method of continuous vacuum carburization of metal wire, metal band or metal pipe and apparatus therefor |
| JP2008545886A (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2008-12-18 | サンドビック インテレクチュアル プロパティー アクティエボラーグ | 金属ストリップ製品およびその製造方法 |
| US9382608B2 (en) | 2005-06-15 | 2016-07-05 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Method for manufacturing a stainless steel product |
| EP1910584B1 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2016-01-20 | Bodycote plc | Carburizing in hydrocarbon gas |
| WO2008124239A1 (en) | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-16 | Swagelok Company | Hybrid carburization with intermediate rapid quench |
| EP2278038A1 (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2011-01-26 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU) | A method of activating an article of passive ferrous or non-ferrous metal prior to carburizing, nitriding and/or nitrocarburizing |
| SE534901C2 (sv) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-02-07 | Nord Lock Ab | En metod och en anläggning för produktion av brickor samt en bricka |
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- 2012-04-27 DK DK12721749.5T patent/DK2702183T3/da active
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- 2012-04-27 BR BR112013027580-4A patent/BR112013027580B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103732783A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
| JP2014518936A (ja) | 2014-08-07 |
| EP2702183B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
| RU2013148155A (ru) | 2015-06-10 |
| AU2012247863B2 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
| CA2833579A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
| EP2702183A1 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
| US20150132079A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
| MY165022A (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| KR101792735B1 (ko) | 2017-11-02 |
| BR112013027580A2 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
| US20140048180A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
| CN103732783B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
| BR112013027580B1 (pt) | 2020-05-26 |
| US10023924B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
| AU2012247863A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| ES2662364T3 (es) | 2018-04-06 |
| WO2012146254A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
| KR20140038420A (ko) | 2014-03-28 |
| BR112014026566A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
| CA2833579C (en) | 2019-09-17 |
| RU2600789C2 (ru) | 2016-10-27 |
| US9574248B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 |
| JP5992508B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
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