EP0000577A1 - Abwärts Entleerungsschacht für die obere Massengutschicht aus einem Lagerbehälter - Google Patents

Abwärts Entleerungsschacht für die obere Massengutschicht aus einem Lagerbehälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000577A1
EP0000577A1 EP78100493A EP78100493A EP0000577A1 EP 0000577 A1 EP0000577 A1 EP 0000577A1 EP 78100493 A EP78100493 A EP 78100493A EP 78100493 A EP78100493 A EP 78100493A EP 0000577 A1 EP0000577 A1 EP 0000577A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receptacle
passage
apertures
handling device
discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP78100493A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bruce A. Mckenzie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Purdue Research Foundation
Original Assignee
Purdue Research Foundation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Purdue Research Foundation filed Critical Purdue Research Foundation
Publication of EP0000577A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000577A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
    • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
    • B65G65/36—Devices for emptying from the top
    • B65G65/365—Devices for emptying from the top comprising a vertical passage located inside the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B65G69/16—Preventing pulverisation, deformation, breakage, or other mechanical damage to the goods or materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a material handling device and, more particularly, relates to a device within a receptacle for handling granular free flowing material to be loaded into and withdrawn from the receptacle.
  • the material to be handled and stored is a material that is subject to damage by impact during handling.
  • a material for example, could be any granular or pelleted material including grain, seeds and nuts and/or could be chemicals or the like that might be damaged by impact during handling.
  • a grain ladder In handling of grains, a grain ladder has heretofore been utilized to introduce grain into a storage receptacle, with withdrawal of the grain being commonly from the bottom of the reoeptacle.
  • the grain ladder is a device designed to slow the descent of grain (or seeds or other'granular of free-flowing materials) into the storage receptacle (or processing, conditioning or holding chamber or vessel).
  • Such a ladder typically consists of one or more rectangular (or square) tubes, or passages, that are vertically positioned and attached to the walls of the receptacle for support with the passages generally being positioned out of the primary grain flow path when the receptacle is unloaded by withdrawal of stored material through an outlet in, or near, the base of the receptacle.
  • the grain or material ladder derives its name from the fact that the passage into which the material is introduced for flow downward into the storage, or holding, receptacle is equipped with a series of internal baffles to retard the flow and maintain descent velocity below that critical for damage as the grain, seed or material impacts on ti4a mass accumulated in the receptacle.
  • the baffles usually project alternately from two opposite inside surfaces of the ladder passage, and are spaced at alternate points along the passage length.
  • the resultant flow path forms a zig-zag pattern, and the continual change in flow direction as the material descends slows the flow velocity.
  • Such a ladder is normally equipped with outlet ports, which are cut out of the tube wall at points between the locations or elevations of the baffles.
  • Grain and material ladders are positioned along the wall of the storage receptacle for support, and to insure that they 4 ill be out of the primary grain flow path when the storage is unloaded.
  • the purpose is to minimize the frictional drag on the outside surface of the ladder, which may bring about structural distortion or complete failure and collapse of the ladder assembly as the material flows around and along the tube, or passage, during unloading. Such collapse may also damage the storage structure or associated handling equipment.
  • Positioning of the grain or material ladder on one or more inside walls of the storage, or holding, receptacle requires that the wall of the receptacle be capable of sustaining of the unbalanced sidewall loading due to the angle of repose of the material.
  • this angle of repose is typically 25° to 30° above horizontal. This will result in roughly a 4.6 m fill height on the inside of the storage receptacle at the grain ladder for a 9.15 m wide structure.
  • This unbalanced loading may cause the wall of the storage receptacle to distort and possibly cause total structural failure by collapse or tipping.
  • This invention provides an improved material handling device useful for loading and unloading granular, free flowing materials into and out of a storage, or holding, receptacle.
  • the device is suitable for use in thin wall storage receptacles requiring uniform sidewall loading for structural stability.
  • this invention resides in a material handling device for use in a material holding receptacle, this device comprising:
  • a material, or grain ladder 1 3 is mounted in receptacle 11 with an inlet access passage 15 communicating therewith at the top of the receptacle.
  • One or more discharge passages, or ducts are contiguous to the ladder 13 with an outlet access passage 21 communicating with the discharge ducts at the bottom of receptacle 11. The entire unit is thus anchored at top and bottom.
  • material 23 is fed into the receptacle by gravity feed at the top of the receptacle and material is removed from the receptacle at the bottom thereof.
  • the design and orientation of the discharge ducts is such that the material flow is off of the top surface of the stored mass even though the material is withdrawn at the bottom of the receptacle.
  • a conventional conveyor mechanism 25 may be utilized to convey the withdrawn material to a material discharge chute 27 exteriorly of the receptacle.
  • the bottom connector and support to the floor can be designed for use of a modified sweep unloader in a flat bottom receptacle, or for the temporary removal of the bottom connector and support for conventional use of a sweep unloader.
  • Ladder 13 may be conventional and is an elongated passage, or duct, of preferably a rectangular or square cross-section and having a series of spaced apertures 29 and 31 therein.
  • the apertures in the inlet passage may be alternated at two opposite sides 33 and 35 of the passage along the length thereof.
  • each aperture 29 in wall 33 may be longitudinally spaced both with respect to the other apertures 29 in wall 33 and from the apertures 31 in wall 35, as is also true for the apertures 31 in wall 35.
  • the positioning and contour of the apertures may, however, be selected as desired for a particular application.
  • ladder 13 preferably includes a series of baffles, or deflectors 37 and 39 alternately mounted in walls 33 and 35, respectively, above the apertures 29 and 31, respectively, in the walls. This causes material introduced into the receptacle to follow a zig zag path in dropping, under the force of gravity, into the receptacle through the inlet passage (i.e., ladder 13).
  • the bottom end 40 of ladder 13 is preferably closed and terminates in the lower portion of the receptacle but above the bottom of the receptacle as shown in FIGURE 1.
  • one or more discharge passages, or outlet ducts 17 and 19 are mounted on the unported opposite sidewalls 41 and 43 of ladder 13, respectively. As indicated in FIGURE 1, where two ducts 17 and 19 are utilized, both open to discharge access passage 21.
  • Discharge ducts 17 and 19 are preferably of rectangular, or square cross-section and have apertures 45 and 47 therein, respectively, which apertures are preferably on the sidewalls 49 and 51, respectively, opposite to the sidewall contiguous to the inlet passage 13. As indicated in FIGURE 3, the apertures, or ports 45 and 47 in the sidewalls 49 and 51 may be alternated from duct to duct, but may, however, be positioned and contoured as desired for a particular application.
  • the apertures 45 and 47 may have a hood 53 thereabove formed by outwardly and downwardly flaring the sidewall immediately above each aperture, or port.
  • a hood increases the effects of forces acting in the material (such as grain) conducted past the exposed but submerged port below the upper-most submerged port when all inflow of material is intended to accomplish top unloading of the material.
  • This connection may be flared where a hopper is utilized.
  • a flare may be necessary, for example, where a hopper is utilized to add a force component to the descending material being unloaded and thus reduce the increased lateral pressure of the material trying to inflow off of a sloped floor, or bottom.
  • the clearance between the bottom of the inlet passage and the bottom of the receptacle should be adjusted to minimize inflow forces on a sloped receptacle bottom, but still bring about complete removal of stored material when directed flow has ceased.
  • the unit In operation utilizing a unit having a grain, or material, ladder 13 and two discharge ducts 17 and 19, the unit is installed in the center of a receptacle such as a grain, seed, nut or other free-flowing material storage or vessel (a plurality of units in the central portion may also be utilized in lieu of one centrally positioned unit).
  • a receptacle such as a grain, seed, nut or other free-flowing material storage or vessel (a plurality of units in the central portion may also be utilized in lieu of one centrally positioned unit).
  • the material to be placed in storage is conveyed or otherwise delivered into the top of the ladder through inlet passage 15, which is positioned in the center of the assembly.
  • the material descends downward (through the zig-zag path of the material ladder due to the flow retarders) exiting at the port just above the level of accumulated material.
  • the unloading outlet 21 When the filled (or partially filled) storage is to be unloaded, the unloading outlet 21 is opened or activated by commercially available devices.
  • the material in the unloading ducts flows downward under the force of gravity and out of the receptacle.
  • the stored material from the storage surface inflows through the upper-most inlet port, or aperture, that is submerged or partially exposed in the material mass.
  • Inflow will occur only at the upper-most one or two submerged or partially exposed inlet ports, because these are the only ports in the unload duct exposed to an unfilled or only partially filled unload duct.
  • unloading inflow from the storage receptacle will be substantially entirely from the top.
  • no drag due to flow friction along the outside surface of the assembly need be considered in its design.
  • the only vertical forces placed on the external surfaces of the assembly will be those friction forces associated with grain settling due to drying or storage conditioning.
  • the entire unit including the material ladder and unloading ducts, may typically be fabricated from formed and welded sheet metal.
  • the ducts 17 and 19 will be formed to mate with the nonported walls 41 and 43 and welded or bolted in place.
  • the finished shape of the entire total unit, or assembly, is planned to bring about the greatest possible structural stability compatible with economical fabrication and installation of the finished unit.
  • the unit of this invention enhances the human safety in storage unloading.
  • the danger of suffocation by being drawn into a fiowing grain or material stream is substantially eliminated in this design for duct unloading from a ladder assembly (assuming the unloading ducts and inlet ports are too small to permit entry of a human body).
  • FIGURES_5 and 6 Alternate embodiments of the handling device of this invention are shown in FIGURES_5 and 6.
  • a center mounted outlet passage, or duct 60 is shown anchored at opposite ends to tubular inlet access passage 15 and outlet access passage 21.
  • the inlet and outlet access passages are, in turn, anchored at the top and bottom walls of the storage receptacle 11.
  • Center unloading duct 60 serves both as a structural support for the unit and as the outlet passage for conveying the stored material from the receptacle with top unloading again occurring as described hereinabove with respect to the embodiment of the invention as shown in FIGURES 1 through 4. While not shown, a plurality of units could be used spaced within the receptacle (rather than utilizing a single center mounted unit).
  • Apertures, or ports, 62 are provided in duct 60 in the same manner as described in connection with apertures 45 and 47 in discharge passages 17 and 19 to enable top unloading in the same manner as previously discussed and indicated.
  • the apertures are cut into the tubular duct and, as shown in FIGURES 5 and 6, are spaced along the length of the duct and preferably alternated from side to side, as shown.
  • the spacing and contour may be modified, as desired, for particular utilization as to bring about reasonably uniform unloading from the upper grain surface.
  • a spiral channel 64 is mounted on and wrapped about center duct 60.
  • the upper end 66 of the spiral channel is connected to the bottom of the inlet access 15 (which access may be modified at bottom portion 67 to connect to the spiral channel) so that material loaded into the inlet access hopper is conducted downwardly along the spiral path (due to the force of gravity) which provides a controlled descent to reduce impact damage to material on contact with other material in the receptacle or the receptacle walls or bottom.
  • the materials will, of course, be conducted downwardly to the upper level of the stored material at the sprial path.
  • Spiral channel 64 is preferably a U-shaped channel having bottom wall 68 and sidewalls 70 and 71.
  • the spiral channel 64 may be enclosed in an outer duct 74 which surrounds center duct 60.
  • Spiral channel 64 is positioned between the inner and outer ducts and material to be stored is conducted downwardly along the path in the same manner as described in connection with the embodiment shown in FIGURE 5. The amount of inclination of the spiral path determines, of course, the speed of descent of the material.
  • Outer duct 74 has a plurality of apertures, or ports, 76 and 77 therein which are alternated along the outer duct. Material loading into the storage receptacle is accomplished by material leaving the spiral path and passing through port 76 at or just above the level of the material in the storage receptacle.
  • Each port 77 is aligned with a port 62 in the inner duct 60 at an angle slightly above the static angle of repose for the material to be handled. As indicated in FIGURE 6, the access of each associated pair of aligned apertures 77 and 62 is preferably inwardly and downwardly directed. As material is withdrawn below the open bottom end 80 of the unload-center duct 60, material inflows into the upper-most inlet port 76 exposed to grain pressure. Successive inlet ports in- flow as the material level recedes as unloading proceeds.
  • the inlet apertures, or ports 77 and 62 are preferably positioned spirally around the outer duct 74 and inner duct 60, respectively, so as to bring about a reasonably uniform unloading from the stored material surface. The spacing and configuration of the apertures, can, however, be selected as desired for a particular utilization.
  • the outer duct is preferably closed at the lower portion (but above the outlet access 21) by horizontal wall 78.
  • Wall 78 is preferably positioned just below the lowest outlet port 76 and slightly below the lower terminal point of the spiral channel to accumulate a small pocket or quantity of stored material to further help cushion the material descent just before discharge from the adjacent outlet port.
  • the bottom end 80 of the unload duct 60 is positioned just above the outlet access 21 to permit material in-flow in the final quantity flow from the stored material surface.
  • the lower end of duct 60 could be placed tightly over the outlet access, with provision for a manual opening of inlet ports into the unload duct immediately above the bottom of the storage receptacle, at one or more points around the duct. The discharge of material from the storage receptacle is, of course, blocked during filling, or loading,, of material into the storage receptacle.
  • the device, or unit of this invention can be utilized for handling of all granular or pelleted or natural material subject to damage from impact during handling into and out of a storage, vessel, or container for holding or transport.
  • the materials and grain are intended to include all grains and seeds plus nuts.
  • the materials considered include such examples as pellets, both feed and plastic or raw materials; animal feed materials in granular or pellet for livestock, poultry, pets and fish or birds; human food such as cereals, and bulk handled produce items such as fruits and vegetables. Snack foods and similar granular or pelleted food items arc also considered.
  • the device can be utilized for any storage, vessel, or container whether on land, sea, water, or air. It is applicable to processes concerned with all manner of business, including agriculture, food processing, milling, food packaging, industrial manufacturing, and materials handling in all aspects of production, processing, transportation, marketing, conditioning, and distribution of grains and materials subject to impact damage in handling. In addition, the device can also be utilized in handling of chemical materials involving forms subject to undesirable shattering in impact.
  • this invention provides an improved device for handling granular free flowing materials, and more particularly, in loading materials into a receptacle and unloading the same therefrom.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
EP78100493A 1977-07-25 1978-07-24 Abwärts Entleerungsschacht für die obere Massengutschicht aus einem Lagerbehälter Withdrawn EP0000577A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/818,299 US4138021A (en) 1977-07-25 1977-07-25 Ducted material handling device for top unloading of a storage receptacle
US818299 1977-07-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000577A1 true EP0000577A1 (de) 1979-02-07

Family

ID=25225184

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100493A Withdrawn EP0000577A1 (de) 1977-07-25 1978-07-24 Abwärts Entleerungsschacht für die obere Massengutschicht aus einem Lagerbehälter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4138021A (de)
EP (1) EP0000577A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5425062A (de)
CA (1) CA1073395A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2504504A1 (fr) * 1981-04-28 1982-10-29 Saguez Lionel Dispositif de remplissage et de vidange des silos verticaux cylindriques de grands diametres
DE8703457U1 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-03-17 Henze Harvestore GmbH, 4750 Unna Silo, insbesondere Hochsilo, für Schüttgut mit einem Austragsschacht für das eingelagerte Gut

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4449339A (en) * 1981-10-05 1984-05-22 Parkersburg Tank, Division Of Maloney Crawford Corporation Side-wall discharge system
JPS60117435U (ja) * 1984-01-13 1985-08-08 川崎エンジニアリング株式会社 造粒物の下降装置
NL8401399A (nl) * 1984-05-02 1985-12-02 Wit Cornelis Leendert De Afvoerinrichting voor een silo.
DE3427410C1 (de) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-06 Jörg Wolfgang 4130 Moers Buddenberg Silo mit kreisrundem Grundriss fuer Schuettgueter und einem an einer Stuetzsaeule heb- und senkbar angeordneten Querfoerderer
DE3512289C2 (de) * 1985-04-03 1994-02-10 Peters Ag Claudius Schüttgutsilo mit entlüfteter Misch- oder Homogenisierkammer
JP3021631B2 (ja) * 1990-11-30 2000-03-15 株式会社ブリヂストン パラフィンワックス組成物及びこれを配合してなるゴム組成物
DE60200576T2 (de) 2001-08-07 2004-09-30 Haldor Topsoe A/S Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ladung eines Katalysators
US20060021670A1 (en) * 2004-08-02 2006-02-02 Roger Baber Grain handling device and method of its use
US9017001B1 (en) * 2013-03-13 2015-04-28 V-Bins.com GP Inc. Integrated elevator bin system
CN109398975A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-01 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 一种防跌落粉化的焦仓
CN112623757A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-09 东台市鑫富达机械有限公司 一种用于粮食混合管道的缓冲装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE532633C (de) * 1931-09-01 Bremer Lagerhaus Ges Fuell- und Entleerungsschacht fuer Massengut-, insbesondere Getreide-Lagerbehaelter
US1861976A (en) * 1931-07-08 1932-06-07 Anthracite Separator Co Combined lowering and withdrawal chute
FR955447A (de) * 1950-01-14
FR1413831A (fr) * 1964-11-20 1965-10-08 Norton Harty Engineering Compa Trémie
GB1019487A (en) * 1963-10-23 1966-02-09 Anglo Transvaal Cons Invest Co Improved anti-breakage trunking assembly
GB1096581A (en) * 1963-06-24 1967-12-29 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Improvements in or relating to storage bunkers
DE2422331A1 (de) * 1973-05-09 1974-11-14 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng Laderaum fuer ein schuettgutfrachtschiff

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1234710A (en) * 1917-03-12 1917-07-31 Henry Adams Method of and apparatus for storing and discharging coal, &c.
US2907501A (en) * 1958-01-23 1959-10-06 Union Carbide Corp Discharge and mixing device
GB1091284A (en) * 1963-11-07 1967-11-15 Norton Harty Engineering Compa Improvements in or relating to bunkers

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE532633C (de) * 1931-09-01 Bremer Lagerhaus Ges Fuell- und Entleerungsschacht fuer Massengut-, insbesondere Getreide-Lagerbehaelter
FR955447A (de) * 1950-01-14
US1861976A (en) * 1931-07-08 1932-06-07 Anthracite Separator Co Combined lowering and withdrawal chute
GB1096581A (en) * 1963-06-24 1967-12-29 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Improvements in or relating to storage bunkers
GB1019487A (en) * 1963-10-23 1966-02-09 Anglo Transvaal Cons Invest Co Improved anti-breakage trunking assembly
FR1413831A (fr) * 1964-11-20 1965-10-08 Norton Harty Engineering Compa Trémie
DE2422331A1 (de) * 1973-05-09 1974-11-14 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng Laderaum fuer ein schuettgutfrachtschiff

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2504504A1 (fr) * 1981-04-28 1982-10-29 Saguez Lionel Dispositif de remplissage et de vidange des silos verticaux cylindriques de grands diametres
DE8703457U1 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-03-17 Henze Harvestore GmbH, 4750 Unna Silo, insbesondere Hochsilo, für Schüttgut mit einem Austragsschacht für das eingelagerte Gut

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1073395A (en) 1980-03-11
JPS5425062A (en) 1979-02-24
US4138021A (en) 1979-02-06

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Inventor name: MCKENZIE, BRUCE A.