Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
  • E04C3/127—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with hollow cross section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
  • B27F1/00—Dovetailed work; Tenons; Making tongues or grooves; Groove- and- tongue jointed work; Finger- joints
  • B27F1/02—Making tongues or grooves, of indefinite length
  • B27F1/06—Making tongues or grooves, of indefinite length simultaneously along opposite edges of a board
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
  • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
  • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
  • B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
  • B27M3/0053—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally using glue
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
  • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
  • E04H12/04—Structures made of specified materials of wood

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a wooden pole or standard, especially for line carrying in connection with power lines or the like, and comprising a plurality of elongated staves having trapezoidal cross-section with parallel inner and outer surfaces and side faces forming a mutual angle of 360/n degrees, n being the number of staves in the pole, the staves being glued together along adjacent side faces to form a pole with a centrally extending hollow space.
• a wooden pole or standard especially for line carrying in connection with power lines or the like, and comprising a plurality of elongated staves having trapezoidal cross-section with parallel inner and outer surfaces and side faces forming a mutual angle of 360/n degrees, n being the number of staves in the pole, the staves being glued together along adjacent side faces to form a pole with a centrally extending hollow space.
• the object of the present invention is to remedy th above-mentioned lack of suitable poles of wood, and to provide a pole or standard which may be manufactured rationally and economically and with a minimum of material consumption yields the desired rigidity and strength in all directions, at the same time as the pole may be manufactured with the lengths and diameters and with the conicity which might be needed in each different case.
• the above-mentioned object is achieved with a woode pole or standard of the type set forth above, and which is characterized in that all of said staves are equally shaped lamellae in a number which, for the cross-sectional dimensio of the pole in question, is sufficiently large to achieve a laminated structure in the circumferential direction of the pole, and that the individual lamellae as required are finge jointed for achieving the desired pole length.
• the laminated structure is very resistant to crack formations, and also the feature tha the stave elements as required are finger-jointed for achieving the necessary length, is essential for easy and rational provision of high-quality materials, as knots or other weakening irregularities may easily be eliminated.
• poles or standards are manufactured in that the identical lamella elements are glued together after that the individual elements at the outset have been finger-
• the individual stave or ' lamella blanks may in advance be made of several sub-lamellae which are glued together in the radial and/or tangential direction of the pole, so that it is ensured that existing demands made on a laminated structure, are satisfied in each individual case, also in connection with particularly long masts having a relatively large diameter at the bottom.
• a machine comprising a means for feeding stave blanks for machining, and a milling device for shaping the stave blanks, and which is charac ⁇ terized in that the milling device comprises a pair of milling spindle holders arranged on respective sides of said feeding means and being adjustable at a desired angle relative to each other, for shaping of opposite side faces " of the side blanks by means of milling tools on the milling spindles, one of said spindle holders being arranged to be moved outwards and away from the other spindle holder during feeding of a stave blank and with a speed which is related to the feeding speed of the stave blank, and that means are provided for start and stop of the movement of said spindle holder by actuation from the forward and rearward end, respectively, of a stave blank, together with a means for automatic return of the spindle holder to the initial position by stop of said movement.
• the milling device comprises a pair of milling spindle holders arranged on respective sides of said feeding means and being adjustable at
• Fig. 1 shows a side view of a pole or standard according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows an end view on an enlarged scale, viewed from the bottom end of the pole;
• Figs. 3 and 4 show cross-sections wherein the individual staves consist of sub-lamellae glued together in tangential and radial direction, respectively;
• Fig. 5 shows a side view of a machine for manufacturing stave elements for poles according -to the invention, viewed from the feeding end of the stave blanks;
• Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of the machine, essentially along the line IV - IV in Fig. 5.
• FIG. 1 there is shown an exemplary embodi ment of a pole or standard 1 which is composed of twelve elongated, equal stave elements 2 which, such as appears from Fig. 2, have trapezoidal cross-section with mutually parallel inner and outer surfaces, and opposite side faces forming an angle of 30 to each other.
• the twelve stave elements or lamellae span a full circle (360°) .
• the staves are glued together along adjacent or abutting side faces, so that there is formed a laminated pole having a centrally extending hollow space or cavity.
• Th staves are uniformly tapering from the lower end as viewed in Fig. 1, so that an upwards tapering or conical pole 1 is -formed.
• the side faces of the staves are provided with mutually engaging profiles, e.g. as illustrated in the form o tongue and groove connections 3 , 4. These connections facilitate the joining during assembly of the stave elements.
• a pole may comprise a larger or smaller number of staves or lamellae, and that it may be manufactured with large or small conicity or taper, o possibly with constant cross-section when the stave width, i.e. the distance between the side faces of the staves, is constant in the longitudinal direction.
• a tubular sleeve 5 (shown with dashed lines) is placed on the upper end portion of the pole 1 and is provided with angles or hooks 6 for insulators (not shown) . Further, a sealing top cover 7 is placed on the sleeve.
• This sleeve which may be of standar ⁇ dized design, results in a substantially easier assembly of the insulator holders than previously, at the same time as
• OMPI IPO may be made stronger and better fixed. Further, such a device will preserve and protect the top of the pole against rot.
• each of the identical staves or lamellae in the pole may be glued together of one or more sub-lamellae (or constituent or partial lamellae) , so that existing demands applying to a laminated structure with respect to composition and structure, are also satisfied with large pole dimensions wherein the individual stave elements may have a substantial width at the bottom of the pole.
• Fig. 3 there is shown a pole cross-section wherein the indi ⁇ vidual staves or lamellae axe glued together by a pair of sub . or part lamellae 8 and 8 ' juxtaposed in the tangential direction of the pole, and in Fig.
• FIG. 4 there is shown a cross- section wherein the individual staves are glued together by a pair of sub or part lamellae 9 and 9 ' located one outside the other, i.e. glued together in the radial direction of the pole.
• the number of sub-lamellae may of course also be larger than two, as required.
• the staves or lamellae are provided with zig-zag guiding profiles 3', 4" for a purpose corresponding to that of the groove and tongue connections 3 , 4 in Fig. 2.
• Such or similar guiding profiles may also be arranged on the staves in the embodiment according to Fig. 4.
• a machine for manufacturing or producing staves for the pole or standard described above is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
• the machine is built up on a frame 10 and comprises essentially a means for feeding of stave blanks for processing of machining, a milling device for processing or shaping of the stave blanks and means for operation and control of the feeding and milling devices.
• the machine is based on electro-pneumatic, or possibly electro-hydraulic operation, and is only schematically illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, as only the main elements of the machine are illustrated, whereas conventional details which will be known to a person skilled in the art, are omitted. Thus, neither the electric wiring for the machine, nor its pneumatic conduit laying with
• OMPI associated control units are shown in the Figures.
• Fig. 5 the machine is shown from the feeding or input side, and a processed or machined stave element 11 is shown cross-hatched between a pair of cutter or milling tools 12 and 13, respectively, on respective milling spindle holders 14a and 15a.
• the stave blank 11 is advanced or fed by means of a feeding means, the left side of the blank in Fig. 5 resting against a longitudinally extending guiding rule 16 which is also shown to be hatched in Fig. 5.
• the feeding means comprises an endless feeding belt in the form av a chain 17 running over associated sprocket wheels (not more closely shown) and supporting the stave blanks with its upper horizontal belt section.
• the feeding belt 17 is driven by a feeding motor 18 mounted on the frame 10, the motor being coupled through a belt or chain drive means 19 to a feeding shaft 20 mounted in the frame 10 and o which the driven sprocket wheel of the feeding belt 17 is mounted.
• the milling device comprises a pair of milling units 14 and 15 arranged on respective sides of the feeding belt 17, the milling units having milling spindle holders 14 and 15a, respectively, which are inclined towards each other such as shown in Fig. 5, and which may be adjusted at a desired angle relative to each other and to the stave blanks such as more closely described below.
• Each of the spindle holders is mounted on a respec ⁇ tive slide block 21 and 22, respectively, which is in turn slidably mounted on respective, double slide guides 23 and 24, respectively.
• the slide guides are attached to and supported by respective flanges or brackets 25 and 26, respectively, which are in turn attached, e.g. by welding, to respective, upwards extending columns 27 and 28, respectively, in the machine frame 10, whereas the inner ends of the slide guides are supported by a common supporti element 29.
• the left milling unit 14 in Figs. 5 and 6 is in the illustrated embodiment fixed during operation of the machine the slide block 21 being fixedly mounted on the slide guide 23, whereas the slide block 22 of the right milling unit 15 is slidable on the slide guide 24 and is arranged to be moved automatically outwards and away from the other milling unit with a suitable speed in relation to the feeding speed of the stave blanks, so that these get the intended conicity or taper during the milling process.
• a drive belt in the form of a chain belt 30 which extends transversely in relation to the feeding belt 17.
• This chain belt 30 is driven from the feeding shaft 20 through an angular drive gear 31 and a cog wheel reduction gear 32 connected thereto.
• the angular drive gear 31 is coupled to the feeding shaft 20 through a belt or chain drive means 33.
• the reduction gear 32 comprises means (not more closely shown) for variation of the trans ⁇ mission ratio.
• a holder 34 on which there is mounted a clamping means 35 which, under the control of a limit switch or the like, is arranged for automatic connection to and dis ⁇ connection from, respectively, the transversely extending chain belt 30, i.e. for start and stop, respectively, of the outwards movement of the milling unit.
• the clamping means is a pneumatic (or possibly hydraulic) piston/cylinder unit.
• the movable milling unit is influenced by a means 36 exerting an inwards directed, resilient pressure force on the milling unit during its outwards directed movement, and causing immediate return of the milling unit to the inner position or initial position as soon as the clamping means 35 is released from the drive belt 30.
• the force-exerting means 36 is a pneumatic (or possibly hydraulic) piston/cylinder unit, but a spring or another arrangement may also be used.
• each of the tool spindles of the milling units may be inclined in the milling angle suitable for the chosen number of staves or lamellae in the • pole which is to be manufactured. For this purpose each of
• the spindle holders 14a and 15a is releasably mounted on an associated disc or turntable 37 which is fixed to or formed integrally with the respective slide block 21 or 22 and is provided with a circular groove 38 having a T-shaped cross- section wherein the leg of the T constitutes the lead-in opening to the groove.
• a pair of bolts 39 extending through through-holes in each of the spindle holders such as : suggested in Fig. 6, are in engagement in respective T-groov 38 with their head ends, so that the spindle holders may be fixed in desired position on the turntables 37 by tightening of nuts on the outer free ends of the bolts.
• a cutter drive motor 40 and 41 is mounted on each spindle holder and is coupled to the associated tool spindle by mean of a suitable belt transmission 42 and 43, respectively.
• a suitable belt transmission 42 and 43 is coupled to the associated tool spindle by mean of a suitable belt transmission 42 and 43, respectively.
• a number of spring- loaded pressure rollers 44 are arranged above the feeding belt 17 and press the passing stave blank 11 resiliently downwards against the feeding belt.
• the arrangement of the pressure rollers is not shown in Fig. 6, but a number of such rollers 44 is arranged along the feeding belt at a suitable distance thereabove.
• the pressur rollers are mounted in bifurcated holders 45 suspended at suitable intervals along a downwards open channel beam 46 supported by the machine frame 10.
• the shank portions of the roller holders 45 are passed through apertures in the upper web portion of the channel beam and are also passed through corresponding apertures in a strip-shaped body 47 extending along the channel and preventing the roller holders and thereby the pressure rollers from pivoting in the longi ⁇ tudinal direction of the feeding belt.
• the upper, free end of the roller holders is provided with a head (e.g. a nut) limiting the downward movement of the holders, and between the strip body 47 and the upper web portion of the beam 46 there are introduced biassing springs 48 providing for the spring loading of the rollers.
• connection and disconnection of the clamping means 35 may advantageously take place by i lRE ⁇ OMPI means of suitably mounted limit switches .
• a limit switch 49 which is mounted to be actuated by the upper head end of the shown roller holder 45.
• the arrangement for actuation of the clamping means 35 may advantageously be arranged in such a manner that a first limit switch, such as the switch 49, for activation of the clamping means is operatively connected to a pressure roller immediate ⁇ ly in front of the milling spindles as viewed in the feeding direction of the stave blanks , whereas a second limit swich for deactivation of the clamping means is operatively connected to a pressure roller immediately behind the milling spindles.
• a first limit switch such as the switch 49
• the clamping means is connected so that the movable milling unit starts its movement when the forward end of a stave blank arrives at the pressure roller in question, whereafter the clamping means is disconnected and the milling unit is stopped and returned to its initial position when the rearward end of the stave blank passes the pressure roller behind the milling spindles.
• a stave blank 11 which in advance has been cut in a suitable width and has the desired length, and which possiby consists of several sub-lamellae glued together, is brought to rest against the guiding rule 16 and is inserted under the first pressure roller 44.
• the stave blank is then advanced by the feeding belt 17, and when the stave passes the first limit switch, the clamping means 35 is coupled to the drive belt 30.
• the movable milling unit 15 is moved outwards with a speed which is related to the speed of the feeding belt.
• the pressure-exerting means 36 will keep theunit stable by a suitable force during the movement.
• the stave element will now get a uniform increase in the width along the whole length of the stave, and this increase may be chosen by changing the ratio between the speeds of the feeding belt 17 and the transver ⁇ sely extending drive belt 30.
• the clamping means is disconnected so that the milling unit 15 stops and is immediately returned to the inner or initial position by the means 36. The machi is then ready to receive another stave blank, regardless the length of the staves.
• the conicity-or taper of the staves can be changed a any time, e.g. by exchanging cog wheel in the reduction gear 32 or by utilizing a stepless variator. If another number o staves in the pole is desired, the position angle of the milling tool spindles may be changed to the number of degree which is suitable for a chosen number of staves.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Milling Processes (AREA)
• Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Dovetailed Work, And Nailing Machines And Stapling Machines For Wood (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
• Fish Paste Products (AREA)
• Milling, Drilling, And Turning Of Wood (AREA)
• Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
• Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

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• 1979
  • 1979-05-31 NO NO791814A patent/NO150525C/no unknown
• 1980
  • 1980-01-29 AT AT0904780A patent/AT380717B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1980-05-27 FI FI801707A patent/FI801707A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1980-05-30 GB GB8102070A patent/GB2064618B/en not_active Expired
  • 1980-05-30 ES ES492047A patent/ES492047A0/es active Granted
  • 1980-05-30 AU AU59865/80A patent/AU5986580A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1980-05-30 CA CA000353093A patent/CA1144734A/en not_active Expired
  • 1980-05-30 DE DE803047565A patent/DE3047565A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1980-05-30 WO PCT/NO1980/000020 patent/WO1980002709A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1980-12-15 EP EP80900973A patent/EP0029831B1/de not_active Expired
• 1981
  • 1981-01-21 DK DK026281A patent/DK160715C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1981-01-28 SE SE8100526A patent/SE443014B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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