EP0033356B1 - Dispositif pour la combustion de matières avec des composants difficiles à brûler - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la combustion de matières avec des composants difficiles à brûler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033356B1
EP0033356B1 EP80105108A EP80105108A EP0033356B1 EP 0033356 B1 EP0033356 B1 EP 0033356B1 EP 80105108 A EP80105108 A EP 80105108A EP 80105108 A EP80105108 A EP 80105108A EP 0033356 B1 EP0033356 B1 EP 0033356B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
combustion
combustion chamber
substances
cooling surfaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80105108A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0033356A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Noack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Babcock AG
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Deutsche Babcock AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Deutsche Babcock AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for burning substances with difficultly burning components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances that tend to stick when heated, in a fluidized bed and a combustion chamber downstream of the fluidized bed.
  • Substances that have the properties mentioned above individually or in combination are, for. B. certain plastics, the combustion of which is difficult due to these properties. When burning substances with a high proportion of volatile components, unburned material escapes from the fluidized bed. The heat released by the combustion cannot therefore be completely absorbed by the fluidized bed.
  • CH-A-577144 describes a two-stage process for burning inferior fuels, in which these fuels are initially gasified in a fluidized bed by supplying combustion air in substoichiometric amounts and then burned in a combustion chamber above the fluidized bed while supplying the remaining combustion air will.
  • a temperature of 900 ° C is maintained.
  • the combustion air supplied to the fluidized bed is mixed with hot flue gases from the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion or partial combustion in the fluidized bed made of a granular, inert material achieves very high volume-related outputs which can be attributed to the high heat and mass transfer numbers in the fluidized bed.
  • a fluidized bed combustion can only be operated at relatively low temperatures of around 700 to 800 ° C., so that it is not readily suitable for the combustion of substances which contain constituents which are difficult to burn out.
  • substances are e.g. For example, to view plastics, the combustion of which produces soot or certain hydrocarbons that only completely burn out at high temperatures and a sufficient dwell time at these temperatures.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device to completely burn out substances with difficultly burning components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances that tend to stick when heated, temperature and residence time conditions adapted to the special requirements to be able to.
  • the fluidized bed is initially connected to a settling chamber, which passes directly into the combustion chamber, that a constriction is provided between the two, in which nozzles are arranged and that the combustion air of the fluidized bed is arranged via an air box below the fluidized bed and can be fed to the combustion chamber via the nozzles in such a ratio that the temperature in the combustion chamber is kept above an intended minimum temperature.
  • This device is suitable for burning all the components which must be subjected to a certain minimum temperature in order to be fully implemented.
  • This temperature is set in the combustion chamber by adding the combustion air required for this. How high this amount is is calculated on the basis of a step heat balance from the gross composition and the calorific values of the substances to be burned.
  • the rest of the combustion air is fed into the fluidized bed. If the fluidized bed becomes too hot, heat is extracted from it by cooling surfaces.
  • the amount of heat to be dissipated in the fluidized bed and thus the size of the cooling surfaces depends on the fuel composition and the proportion of the total combustion air which is introduced into the fluidized bed as primary air.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for the combustion of plastics which tend to stick when heated. These are enveloped in the fluidized bed by the inert material so that the material particles do not stick together and clump together.
  • the proposed constriction of the device according to the invention serves as a mixing section for the gas leaving the fluidized bed and the secondary combustion air.
  • the acceleration of the gas creates relative speeds between the gas and any soot particles present, which improves the combustion.
  • the heat radiation from the combustion chamber into the calming space is reduced.
  • An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.
  • the drawing shows schematically a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention.
  • the device shown has a reactor 1 which, for. B. serves for the combustion of plastic waste, which tend to form soot during combustion, or which contain other components that only completely burn out at high temperature and sufficient dwell time.
  • the reactor 1 can also be used for the combustion of substances with a high proportion of volatile constituents and of substances which tend to stick when heated.
  • the reactor 1 In its lower part, the reactor 1 has a fluidized bed 2, which is maintained above an inflow floor 3. Below the inflow floor 3 there is an air box 4 into which primary combustion air is fed through a line 5. The plastic waste is fed into the fluidized bed 2 through a side shaft 6.
  • the soot particles and other gases that contain difficult-to-burn components emerge from the fluidized bed 2 at a temperature of approximately 650 ° C. and enter a settling chamber 7, which is provided above the fluidized bed 2 inside the reactor 1 and has a larger cross section than the fluidized bed 2.
  • the calming space 7 serves to largely avoid the entrainment of solid particles from the fluidized bed 2 by the gases.
  • the reactor 1 has a combustion chamber 8 above the calming chamber 7, in which the gases leaving the fluidized bed are completely combusted.
  • a constriction 9 is provided between the calming space 7 and the combustion chamber 8 within the reactor 1.
  • Nozzles 10 are guided through the constriction 9 and are supplied with secondary combustion air from a ring line 11 surrounding the reactor 1.
  • the combustion chamber 8 is connected to a waste heat boiler 13 via a fire-resistant lined pipeline 12.
  • the waste heat boiler 13 is designed as a flue gas duct and contains a plurality of heat exchangers 14, which are only indicated schematically. After their heat has been released, the cooled gases leave the waste heat boiler 13 from its lower part.
  • Cooling surfaces are provided in the fluidized bed 2. These cooling surfaces can be designed as a pull-out tube bundle 15. In this way, the size of the cooling surfaces can be adapted to the heat available in the fluidized bed 2.
  • the combustion chamber 8 is lined fireproof in the present case. If necessary, provision can also be made to surround the combustion chamber 8 with cooling tubes. Then the cooling surfaces in the fluidized bed 2 can be omitted.
  • the combustion chamber 8 is supplied with such a proportion of combustion air through the nozzles 10 that a minimum temperature is set which is sufficient for the combustion of the gas emerging from the fluidized bed 2, including the difficultly burning components contained therein.
  • the remaining portion of the stoichiometric combustion air is blown into the fluidized bed 2 through the inflow floor 3.
  • Part of the heat is removed from the fluidized bed 2 by the cooling medium flowing in the tube bundle 15. The heat removal depends on the ratio between the primary combustion air and the fuel.
  • the minimum temperature in the combustion chamber 8 is set via the heat dissipation in the fluidized bed 2 and thus ultimately via the primary air / fuel ratio in the fluidized bed 2. Due to the possibility of exchanging the tube bundle 15, the burning behavior and the heat development of the different substances can be taken into account.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Dispositif pour la combustion pressurisée de substances contenant des composants dont la combustion totale est difficile et/ou possédant un purcentage élevé de matières volatiles et/ou ayant la tendance à agglutiner sous l'effet de chauffage, ladite combustion ayant lieu dans un lit fluidisé (2) et dans une chambre de combustion (8) disposée en aval du lit fluidisé (2), caractérisé en ce que le lit fluidisé (2) est d'abord suivi d'une chambre de tranquillisation (7) passant directement dans la chambre de combustion (8), qu'un rétrécissement (9) pourvu de buses (10) est disposé entre les deux et que l'air comburant est susceptible d'être amené au lit fluidisé (2) par la voie d'un caisson à vent (4) au-dessous du lit fluidisé (2) et à la chambre de combustion (8) par la voie des buses (10) dans une proportion telle que la température dans la chambre de combustion (8) est maintenue au-dessus d'un minimum prédéterminé.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des surfaces de refroidissement sont disposées dans le lit fluidisé (2).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de refroidissement sont formées par un faisceau tubulaire amovible (15).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de combustion (8) possède des surfaces de refroidissement.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de combustion (8) est pourvue d'un revêtement réfractaire.
6. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de combustion (8) est reliée à une chaudière de récupération par la voie d'une conduite (12) pourvue de revêtement réfractaire.
EP80105108A 1980-01-30 1980-08-28 Dispositif pour la combustion de matières avec des composants difficiles à brûler Expired EP0033356B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3003245 1980-01-30
DE19803003245 DE3003245A1 (de) 1980-01-30 1980-01-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbrennen von stoffen mit schwer ausbrennenden bestandteilen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033356A1 EP0033356A1 (fr) 1981-08-12
EP0033356B1 true EP0033356B1 (fr) 1983-09-07

Family

ID=6093245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80105108A Expired EP0033356B1 (fr) 1980-01-30 1980-08-28 Dispositif pour la combustion de matières avec des composants difficiles à brûler

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4377119A (fr)
EP (1) EP0033356B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3003245A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0047159B1 (fr) * 1980-08-29 1985-10-30 SODIC Société Anonyme Lit fluidisé
DE3115843C2 (de) 1981-04-21 1986-12-04 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Wirbelschichtfeuerung
FR2513622A1 (fr) * 1981-09-28 1983-04-01 Fives Cail Babcock Procede et appareil pour la calcination des matieres minerales en poudre, notamment en cimenterie
US4548138A (en) * 1981-12-17 1985-10-22 York-Shipley, Inc. Fast fluidized bed reactor and method of operating the reactor
CH656936A5 (de) * 1982-04-26 1986-07-31 Sulzer Ag Dampferzeuger mit wirbelschichtfeuerung.
US4597362A (en) * 1984-09-05 1986-07-01 The Garrett Corporation Fluidized bed combustor
DE3443721A1 (de) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-05 Förster, Günther, Dipl.-Ing., 6300 Gießen Wirbelschicht-reaktor zur thermischen beseitigung von abfaellen
DE3443722A1 (de) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-12 Foerster Guenther Verfahren zur thermischen beseitigung von halogenverbindungen, insbesondere dioxine, phosgen und polychlorierte biphenyle bildende chlorverbindungen enthaltenden abfaellen sowie wirbelschicht-reaktor zu seiner durchfuehrung
JPH0799257B2 (ja) * 1986-01-21 1995-10-25 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 流動床炉の安定燃焼法
JPH0799253B2 (ja) * 1986-01-21 1995-10-25 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 流動床炉の二次燃焼促進法
DK163802C (da) * 1986-11-17 1992-09-07 H J Hansen Holding A S Fremgangsmaade til toer-rensning af roeggas fra forbraending af affaldsmateriale, der er i hovedsagen ikke-metallisk shredderaffald
JPH07104105B2 (ja) * 1987-03-17 1995-11-13 株式会社小松製作所 長軸流動層炉の流動均一化方法
HU205442B (en) * 1987-04-27 1992-04-28 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Method and firing equipment for fluidization firing fuels
US5029557A (en) * 1987-05-01 1991-07-09 Donlee Technologies, Inc. Cyclone combustion apparatus
DE3822999C1 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-04 Vereinigte Kesselwerke Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf, De
US5014651A (en) * 1988-08-25 1991-05-14 D.U.T. Pty. Ltd. Method and apparatus for improving utilization of fuel values of as-mined coal in pulverized fuel-fired boilers
ATE108882T1 (de) * 1989-02-17 1994-08-15 Ebara Corp Wirbelbettverbrennungsofen.
DE3905553A1 (de) * 1989-02-23 1990-08-30 Metallgesellschaft Ag Wirbelbrennkammer
US5257585A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-11-02 Ebara Corporation Incinerator
EP0509364B1 (fr) * 1991-04-15 1996-01-24 Ebara Corporation Incinérateur
DE69313415T2 (de) * 1992-12-11 1998-02-19 Kobe Steel Ltd Anlage und Verfahren zur Abfallverbrennung
DE19501504C1 (de) * 1995-01-19 1996-03-21 Ralf Dipl Ing Paulsen Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Stoffen in einer Wirbelschicht
US5951277A (en) * 1996-11-01 1999-09-14 The Robert L. Parham Trust Refractory hood for circulating fluidized bed
WO2000045090A1 (fr) * 1999-01-27 2000-08-03 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Four de fusion a gazeification pour dechets et procede de fusion a gazeification
MY170133A (en) * 2012-10-16 2019-07-05 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Fluidized bed combustor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH416904A (de) * 1960-08-10 1966-07-15 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennung minderwertiger Brennstoffe und Kesselanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CH440527A (de) * 1962-12-19 1967-07-31 Haniel & Lueg Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Klärschlamm unter Verwendung eines Wirbelschichtofens
DE1401888A1 (de) * 1960-03-25 1969-02-06 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Mit Strahlungskessel kombinierte Muellverbrennungsanlage
CH577144A5 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-06-30 Mustad Stoperi & Mek Verksted Low grade fuel burning fluidised bed - uses fluidisation gas mixture made from primary air and combustion gases
FR2296144A1 (fr) * 1974-12-23 1976-07-23 Beaumond Jean Procede et dispositif pour l'incineration de dechets
US4023508A (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-05-17 John Zink Company Apparatus to burn waste combustible polymers
GB2020403A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-14 Heenan Environmental Systems Combustion furnace and method of operating same

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1315899A (fr) * 1961-12-14 1963-01-25 Procédé et dispositif de combustion pour liquides peu volatils, ainsi que leurs applications
US3605655A (en) * 1970-05-05 1971-09-20 Fuller Co Method and apparatus for incinerating combustible wastes
US3907674A (en) * 1974-04-24 1975-09-23 Dorr Oliver Inc Fluid bed incineration of wastes containing alkali metal chlorides
US4036153A (en) * 1975-07-03 1977-07-19 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Fluid bed incinerator feed system
SE7413296L (sv) * 1975-07-25 1975-10-30 Sprocket Properties Ltd Forbrenningsugn med tryckgasbedd
US4168670A (en) * 1977-01-03 1979-09-25 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Incineration of lime-conditioned sewage sludge with high sulfur fuel
GB1604998A (en) * 1978-05-31 1981-12-16 Deborah Fluidised Combustion Disposal of waste products by combustion

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1401888A1 (de) * 1960-03-25 1969-02-06 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Mit Strahlungskessel kombinierte Muellverbrennungsanlage
CH416904A (de) * 1960-08-10 1966-07-15 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennung minderwertiger Brennstoffe und Kesselanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CH440527A (de) * 1962-12-19 1967-07-31 Haniel & Lueg Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Klärschlamm unter Verwendung eines Wirbelschichtofens
CH577144A5 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-06-30 Mustad Stoperi & Mek Verksted Low grade fuel burning fluidised bed - uses fluidisation gas mixture made from primary air and combustion gases
FR2296144A1 (fr) * 1974-12-23 1976-07-23 Beaumond Jean Procede et dispositif pour l'incineration de dechets
US4023508A (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-05-17 John Zink Company Apparatus to burn waste combustible polymers
GB2020403A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-14 Heenan Environmental Systems Combustion furnace and method of operating same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4377119A (en) 1983-03-22
EP0033356A1 (fr) 1981-08-12
DE3003245A1 (de) 1981-11-12

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