EP0042171A2 - Dispositif de combustion pour combustible liquide - Google Patents

Dispositif de combustion pour combustible liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0042171A2
EP0042171A2 EP81104617A EP81104617A EP0042171A2 EP 0042171 A2 EP0042171 A2 EP 0042171A2 EP 81104617 A EP81104617 A EP 81104617A EP 81104617 A EP81104617 A EP 81104617A EP 0042171 A2 EP0042171 A2 EP 0042171A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wick
fire
main
auxiliary
spreading
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81104617A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0042171B1 (fr
EP0042171A3 (en
Inventor
Takuro Kotera
Yoshimi Ohmukai
Yoshitaka Kawasaki
Kinichi Adachi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of EP0042171A2 publication Critical patent/EP0042171A2/fr
Publication of EP0042171A3 publication Critical patent/EP0042171A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0042171B1 publication Critical patent/EP0042171B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/02—Wick burners
    • F23D3/08—Wick burners characterised by shape, construction, or material, of wick
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/02—Wick burners
    • F23D3/18—Details of wick burners
    • F23D3/20—Flame spreaders

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a liquid fuel combustion apparatus. Particularly, it is concerned with a wick assembly for combusting liquid fuel in such an apparatus.
  • a liquid fuel combustion apparatus of a type called "wick type” has hitherto been widely embodied as an oil stove, an oil burner and the like.
  • Such an apparatus is usually designed to suction the liquid fuel by capillary action of the wick to lift it up to a.top of the wick (i.e. a fuel vaporization part), the surface of which is exposed to an atmosphere of a combustion chamber.in the apparatus, wherein the lifted fuel vaporizes to be burnt.
  • the formation and piling-up of said tar-like substance becomes remarkable, if the fuel contains a small amount of high boiling point fractions (for instance, machine oil, light or salad oil is mixed with kerosene), and if part of the fuel is deteriorated (for instance, the kerosene has been caused to contain oxides, peroxides or resinous components as a result of preserving the kerosene at a high temperature or being exposed to the direct daylight for a long period of time).
  • a small amount of high boiling point fractions for instance, machine oil, light or salad oil is mixed with kerosene
  • part of the fuel is deteriorated
  • the kerosene has been caused to contain oxides, peroxides or resinous components as a result of preserving the kerosene at a high temperature or being exposed to the direct daylight for a long period of time.
  • the apparatus takes the apparatus a remarkably long period of time before reaching to a steady-state combustion and the phenomena increases the undesirable generations of an objectionable odor, carbon dust and carbon monoxide due to an increased unstable transient-state combustion.
  • the tar-like substance might stick to both of the wick and a metal part of the apparatus supporting the wick to cause them adhered or fixed together, to make the mechanical movement of the wick relative to the metal guiding pipe impossible and to invite a dangerous state,wherein the turn-off of the apparatus by lowering the wick is made impossible due to such sticking.
  • the method can be embodied by the following measure of;
  • the deterioration of the fuel vaporization part can be made hardly to occur even if the deteriorated kerosene or the kerosene containing a different kind of component is combusted.
  • the tar-like component generates at the outside of the wick rather than the inside of the wick.
  • the fuel-suctioning by the main wick is effectively prevented from being made insufficient.
  • a liquid fuel combustion apparatus which comprises; a wick assembly of a laminated structure of a main wick, and an auxiliary wick for fire-spreading and at least one separator means sandwiched between said main wick and said auxiliary wick so that it at least partly separates the main wick from the auxiliary wick to prevent permeation of the fuel therethrough.
  • Said auxiliary wick for fire spreading may be disposed at one side of the said main wick or sandwiched between bifurcated upper leaves of the main wick.
  • the top of the auxiliary wick may preferably be projected upwards from that of the main wick and the bottom thereof may preferably the lifted up from an oil level during a steady-state combustion.
  • auxiliary wick for fire-spreading may preferably be smaller than that of the main wick and its fuel-suctioning rate may preferably be smaller than that of the main wick.
  • FIG. 1 is a general cross-sectional view of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus embodying the present invention.
  • components designated by numerals 100, 101, 102 and 103 represent a wick assembly constituting the essential components of the present invention, wherein a main wick 100, serves for suctioning liquid.
  • the main wick 100 may be made of a combustible or noninflammable fabric woven or unwoven (held in shape with a binding agent), and its top forms a fuel combusting part 101.
  • Numeral 102 indicates an auxiliary wick disposed outside of the main wick 100, 101, for facilitating the fire-spreading around top thereof.
  • Numeral 2 is a wick support
  • 3 represents a fuel tank or reservoir
  • 4 is a draft pipe which also serves to vertically guide sliding of the wick assembly 100 - 103 there along
  • numeral 5 indicates a wick control unit, i.e., a means for vertically driving the wick assembly
  • 6 is a wick guide unit
  • 7 is a radiation grill
  • 8 indicates an inside tube
  • 9 is a casing
  • 10 is chimney support
  • 1.1 represents a coil
  • 12 a radiation net.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a wick assembly embodying the present invention.
  • the auxiliary wick 102 is put between two leaves of bifurcated main wick 101, and may be made of a noninflanmable fabric, woven or unwoven, and is designed to be thinner than, of less oil-containing ability and more heat-resistant, namely, resistant to burn- off, than the main wick 101.
  • the bottoms of the two leaves of the main wick 101 are connected to the upper end of a flexible lower part 101' having a large oil-containing ability.
  • the top of this auxiliary wick 102 projects upwards from that of the main wick 101, and its length may preferably be at least 50 mm. Although it depends on the oil containing ability and the fuel suctioning rate of the auxiliary wick 102, the bottom may be at a position so selected that the top thereof is always burnt-off during the steady-state of combustion. For example, the bottom of the auxiliary wick 102 of FIG. 2 is disposed with a gap to the upper end of the lower part 101'.
  • Numeral 103 indicates separators sandwiched between bifurcating leaves of the main wick 101 and the auxiliary 102, and is made of a material which is impermeable to the fuel and heat-resistant to an extent, such as aluminum foil.
  • the top of the separator(.s) 103 is in a region of the fuel vaporization part 104 and its bottom extends downwards at least beneath that of the auxiliary wick 102.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention wherein the auxiliary wick 102 for fire-spreading is pdovided outside the main wick 101.
  • the auxiliary wick 102 may alternatively be provided inside the main wick 101.
  • the main'wick 101 is at least partly separated from the auxiliary wick 102 by a fuel-impermeable material, and the fuel for the steady-state combustion is suctioned by and ascends through the main wick 101 while the fuel, used in the fire-spreading at the time of ignition, is suctioned solely by the auxiliary wick 102 for the fire-spreading.
  • the auxiliary wick for the fire-spreading can be so designed that its top is always burnt-off during the steady-state combustion to prevent the formation of the tar-like substance which would otherwise be produced at the top.
  • the material and thickness of the auxiliary wick 102 can be selected so that it may have a fuel suctioning rate and an oil-containing ability most suited for a condition of improving the fire-spreading at the time of ignition, without regard to the fuel-suctioning rate and the oil-containing ability of the main wick 101.
  • the material and thickness of the main wick can be selected from ones of the quality and structure having a high fuel-suctioning rate and a large oil-containing ability with a view to prevent the lowering of the fule-combusting amount due to the formation of the tar-like substance, without regard to the fire-spreading.
  • each of the wicks performs separate functions as illustrated above, the fire-spreading can be reached to within a short period of time even in the cases wherein the distance from the oil level to the top of the wick is short and the tar-like substance, which has a nature of inviting the decrease in the amount of the combustion, is piled up at the fuel-combustion part of the main wick in large quantity.
  • a use of an auxiliary wick 102 of thin silica cloth, which has a small oil containing ability and a small fuel suctioning rate but is heat resistant and durable to burning-off, laminated with the main wick to form a wick assembly No. 3 as listed in Table 1, will reduce the piling-up of the tar-like substance around the top of the auxiliary wick 102 to some extent as compared with that of the glass fibre wick.
  • the piling-up of the tar-like substance will however increase gradually with the lapse of period of use and slows the fire-spreading, due.to shifting of the suctioned fuel from the main wick 101 to the auxiliary wick 102 during the combustion.
  • the main wick 101 is, however, embodied to have a large oil-containing ability and to be able to hardly form the tar-like substance.
  • the tar-like substance is hardly formed because the latter is made thin and has a small oil-containing ability, the tar-like substance is yet likely to be formed in the lower portion of the auxiliary wick 102. If this is the case, the evaporation of the fuel from the auxiliary wick for the fire-spreading becomes small to lead a decrease in the amount of fuel combustion to that extent. The percentage of this decrease is, however, very small as compared with that of the conventional structure.
  • the auxiliary wick 102 contains oil only at the time of igniting and is always in the condition of burnt-off during the steady-state of combustion, and hence no decrease occurs in the amount of the combustion, and no defective ignition attributable to.the auxiliary wick 102 occurs.
  • a main wick 101 made of combustible or noninflammable fabric is held in its shape by weaving or by adhering with a binding agent, and comprises a fuel-vaporization part 104 being above a top of a wick-supporter 2 (a metal pipe) and a fuel-suctioning part 100 being beneath the top of the wick-supporter 2.
  • the main wick 101 is made of a material having a large fuel-containing ability and a high fuel-suctioning rate, in order to suppress the decrease in the amount of the fuel combustion.
  • An auxiliary wick 102 for fire-spreading is made of noninflammable fabric woven or held in its shape unwoven, having an oil containing ability just sufficient for shifting the fire to the main wick 101 after the fire-spreading is completed and being of a heat-resistant durable to the burning-off. It is more effective for the purpose if the fuel-suctioning rate of the auxiliary wick 102 is made smaller than that of the main wick 101. Furthermore, the top of the auxiliary wick 102 projects upwards from that of the main wick 101 and its bottom is designed to be lift up at least 10 mm above the oil level 13 during the steady-state of the combustion (FIG. 4).
  • a separator 103 sandwiched between the main wick 101 and the auxiliary wick 102 is made of a material impermeable to the fuel and heat-resistant to some extent such as aluminum foil, and the top thereof extends at least above the top of the main wick 101 and its bottom extends downwards beneath the bottom of the auxiliary wick 102.
  • FIGs. 4 and 5 show the situation wherein the wick assembly shown by FIG. 3 is installed in a practical combustion apparatus, and FIG. 4 indicates a mode of the steady-state combustion and FIG. 5 indicates an extinguishing ( :rning off) mode.
  • FIG. 4 since the bottom of the auxiliary wick 102 is lifted up from the oil level 13 during the steady-state combustion, no fuel is suctioned.by the auxiliary wick 102, and the auxiliary wick 102 is caused to be soaked in the oil to be impregnated with oil only in the extinguishing mode.
  • the fuel to be vaporized is suctioned through the main wick 101 whereas that of an amount as much as necessarily for the fire-spreading is suctioned through the auxiliary wick 102 and supplied to its top.
  • a material and structure having a large oil-containing ability and a high fuel-suctioning rate can be selected as that for the main wick 101 in order to suppress the decrease in the amount of combustion, without taking any regard of the fire-spreading.
  • the material of the auxiliary wick 102 and as its top thickness it is possible to select those having an oil-containing ability just sufficient for maintaining the fire during its spreading around the top of the auxiliary wick 102 and to transfer the fire to the main wick, and being in a state of completely burnt-off in the steady-state combustion and free from the piling-up of-the tar-like substance can be selected.
  • FIG. 6 The relationship between, the tested wick assemblies of the embodiments and the comparative wicks, and the oil level is shown in FIG. 6, wherein numeral 101 indicates the main wick, 102 is the auxiliary wick for the fire-spreading and 103 indicates the separator 103.
  • the oil level during the steady-state combustion is represented by 13b, and that at the extinguish, when the wick is lowered, is represented by 13a.
  • the wick No. 7 of the compared devices has a good fire-spreading time as short as 4 seconds, during 20 hrs. of service from the beginning of the test, but the fire partly goes out at about 20 hrs. from the beginning and totally fails o ignite the wick by 30 hrs. after the beginning.
  • This phenomenon is attributable to the fact that, although the fire-spreading at the top of the wick 101 is improved by thinning the top portion, the tar-like substance is piled up on a thick portion of the wick in a short period of service.
  • the top of wick is thin, a deterioration in the calorific value is great and an objectionable odor becomes strong when the deterioration exceeds 30%.
  • the wick No. 8 of the comparative devices since the wick No. 8 of the comparative devices has a large oil-containing ability even at its top, its deterioration in the calorific value is small as compared with the wick No. 7, but its fire-spreading time rapidly becomes long. This is also due to the piling-up of tar-like substance at the top of the wick 101 and when the fire-spreading time becomes as long as 20 - 50 sec., the carbon dust and the objectionable odor are generated in a large quantity at the time of fire-setting.
  • auxiliary wick 102 for fire-spreading is separated from the main wick 101 by the separator 103 in the structure shown in No. 9 of the embodiments, very good results in both respect of the calorific value and the fire-spreading time are obtained with this wick assembly as compared with the wicks No. 7 and No. 8 of the comparative devices, by virtue of the selective uses of material having a large oil-containing ability for the main wick 101 and that having a thin top for the auxiliary wick 102.
  • the wick assembly of this structure presents only scarce problems even in the test performed by using kerosene containing components having a slightly larger molecular weight such as light oil as shown by the wicks 3 - 6 listed in Table 1.
  • the fire-spreading time with the lapse of the service time when it is tested becomes long when using kerosene containing a component like salad oil which is the most hardly vaporizable.
  • the wicks shown as Nos. 10 - 13 of the embodiments in Table 2 are embodied so that the bottom of the auxiliary wick 102 is lifted up from the oil level in the steady-state combustion, and therefore they do not produce any tar-like substance which would otherwise be piled up on the auxiliary wick. They always show a good fire-spreading time as short as in the beginning of the service and produce no objectional odor and carbon dust at the time of ignition.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
EP19810104617 1980-06-16 1981-06-15 Dispositif de combustion pour combustible liquide Expired EP0042171B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP81903/80 1980-06-16
JP8190380A JPS5710008A (en) 1980-06-16 1980-06-16 Wick

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0042171A2 true EP0042171A2 (fr) 1981-12-23
EP0042171A3 EP0042171A3 (en) 1982-06-30
EP0042171B1 EP0042171B1 (fr) 1984-10-24

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ID=13759394

Family Applications (1)

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EP19810104617 Expired EP0042171B1 (fr) 1980-06-16 1981-06-15 Dispositif de combustion pour combustible liquide

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EP (1) EP0042171B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5710008A (fr)
DE (1) DE3166806D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0084451A1 (fr) * 1982-01-19 1983-07-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Brûleur à mazout
EP0220446A1 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-05-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Chauffage de locaux
GB2446163A (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-08-06 Harinaly Gabriel R Andrianjafy A Liquid Fuelled Wick Burner

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2688203B2 (ja) * 1987-10-29 1997-12-08 キヤノン株式会社 カラーインクジェット記録装置
JP2013029249A (ja) * 2011-07-28 2013-02-07 Toyotomi Co Ltd 石油燃焼器用芯

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2090027A (en) * 1936-10-05 1937-08-17 Marshall E Smith Oil burner
JPS4017502Y1 (fr) * 1962-10-20 1965-06-22
JPS5146749Y2 (fr) * 1971-02-20 1976-11-11
JPS4729625U (fr) * 1971-04-21 1972-12-04
JPS5916814B2 (ja) * 1978-08-15 1984-04-18 松下電器産業株式会社 灯油気化触媒体

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0084451A1 (fr) * 1982-01-19 1983-07-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Brûleur à mazout
EP0220446A1 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-05-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Chauffage de locaux
GB2446163A (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-08-06 Harinaly Gabriel R Andrianjafy A Liquid Fuelled Wick Burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3166806D1 (en) 1984-11-29
EP0042171B1 (fr) 1984-10-24
JPS5710008A (en) 1982-01-19
EP0042171A3 (en) 1982-06-30

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