EP0045983A2 - Protection contre la contamination - Google Patents

Protection contre la contamination Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045983A2
EP0045983A2 EP81200603A EP81200603A EP0045983A2 EP 0045983 A2 EP0045983 A2 EP 0045983A2 EP 81200603 A EP81200603 A EP 81200603A EP 81200603 A EP81200603 A EP 81200603A EP 0045983 A2 EP0045983 A2 EP 0045983A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
components
devices
protected
protective layer
exhaust air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP81200603A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0045983A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Bayer
Damir Dr. Pecornik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0045983A2 publication Critical patent/EP0045983A2/fr
Publication of EP0045983A3 publication Critical patent/EP0045983A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for protecting components and devices used in nuclear plants from contamination and a device for carrying out the method.
  • the above-mentioned transport containers come into contact with the water contained therein during the loading and unloading of spent fuel elements in storage tanks, since it is customary to open these transport containers under water. Since this water directly surrounds the fuel elements contained in the storage pool, it has a high level of radioactivity and thus causes contamination of at least the surfaces of the transport containers that come into direct contact with it. ,
  • a previously known method for limiting the contamination of transport containers is that the surfaces of the latter are covered with plastic bags before contact with radioactive media in order to avoid direct contact with the contaminating substances.
  • the disadvantages of this method can be seen in the fact that an unavoidable residual radiation exposure occurs when handling the plastic bags. Furthermore, it cannot be avoided that when the transport containers are removed from the water-filled storage tanks, a certain amount of the contaminated water sticks to the plastic bags and only expires outside the storage tanks after a certain time. This leads to a spread of contamination, which is not desirable in any case.
  • the transport containers are clad with plastic bags, their entire surface cannot be protected. Furthermore, the heat dissipation of the transport containers is partially hindered by the plastic bags. Since the surface of the transport container cannot be completely protected by the plastic bags, additional post-cleaning is absolutely necessary.
  • a decontamination device is known from DE-OS 2 756 143, in which the contaminated components are cleaned with water within a work space which can be locked on all sides and which is conveyed by means of a high-pressure pump unit.
  • the work area is equipped with a telescopic spray head that is equipped with nozzles on all sides.
  • the spray head can be rotated around a vertical axis and moved within the work area. With the spray head, it is possible to cover both the outer and the inner boundary surfaces of containers; Clean machine parts and devices.
  • An additionally provided underbody cleaning also allows the decontamination of container and machine parts.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a device so that an optimal contamination protection for components and devices is made possible with a minimum of material and radiation exposure for operating personnel and the environment.
  • the solution is characterized in that before each contact with a radioactive medium, at least the surfaces of components and devices which come into direct contact with the medium are covered with at least one protective layer, which again after removal of the components and devices from the area of action of the contaminating medium Will get removed.
  • a varnish serving as a protective layer is applied to them. This has the property that it evaporates or sublimates from reaching a certain temperature. This property of the lacquer is used when removing the same by exposing the components and devices to the temperature required for evaporation.
  • an acrylate resin is applied to the surfaces to be protected, which evaporates at approx. 130 ° C.
  • a protective lacquer that can be removed from the components and devices using chemical solvents.
  • a protective layer can also be a varnish that can be melted away from the components and devices.
  • a lacquer containing pigments is advantageously applied.
  • the lacquer can be applied to light components and devices using the immersion method. In the case of transport containers, because of their great weight, the paint must be sprayed onto the surfaces to be protected.
  • the applied varnish gives all surfaces of containers and devices to be protected a protective layer that can be easily removed and additionally ensures that the surfaces they cover no longer have any contamination after they have been removed. Since the applied lacquer, as already mentioned above, contains pigments, it is easy to determine to what extent a coherent protective layer has been produced by visual inspection. Weak points or defects in the protective layer, as well as subsequent damage, can thus be easily identified and eliminated before contact with the radioactive medium. After the components and devices have been removed from the area of activity of the radioactive substances, the contaminated protective layer is removed by simply evaporating the applied paint. The paint used is chosen so that its evaporation temperature is lower than the permissible surface temperature of the components and devices.
  • the protective layer If a lacquer that can be removed with chemical solvents is used as the protective layer, the components and devices are freed from the protective layer by spraying with this solvent. In the case of light components and devices, the protective layer can also be immersed directly in it Solvents are eliminated. If a meltable varnish is applied as a protective layer, the surfaces must be treated with an appropriate heat source to remove the same.
  • the invention makes use of a device which is characterized in that at least one work space which accommodates the components and devices is provided for applying and removing the protective layer, which is connected to at least one air circulation system and an exhaust air system and with at least two collecting containers for liquids.
  • the air circulation system is connected to the work space via a first exhaust line and a first supply line.
  • the air recirculation system itself comprises the series connection of a fan and a circulating air heater.
  • the input of this fan is connected to the discharge of the work area and an intake line for room air.
  • a butterfly valve is built into the intake line, which can be used to draw in air from the surroundings of the work area.
  • the sucked-in air can be fed to the work space 1 via the feed line.
  • the circulating air heater downstream of the fan is directly connected to the work area via the supply line mentioned above.
  • the work space is advantageously via a second one Discharge connected to the exhaust air system.
  • This in turn is connected to an exhaust air chimney.
  • the exhaust air system is formed by two filter systems connected in series, followed by a fan.
  • the two filter systems can be bridged by a bypass in which a butterfly valve is installed. In the flow direction, a butterfly valve is installed in front of and behind the branch of the bypass.
  • the inlet of the first filter system seen in the direction of flow, is connected to an intake line, in which a butterfly valve is also installed.
  • This butterfly valve is controlled by a temperature measuring device which detects the air temperature at the entrance to the first filter system as seen in the direction of flow.
  • a butterfly valve is also installed in front of and behind the fan, which is connected downstream of the two filter systems.
  • the exhaust air system is connected to the exhaust air chimney via at least one connecting line.
  • the lacquer serving as a protective layer can be applied to the components and devices in the working area before contact with contaminating agents and, after removal of the same, removed from the area of action of these media without causing an increased radiation load on the operating personnel and causing Contamination of the environment of the work area comes.
  • the figure shows a work space 1, which is connected to a recirculation system 2 and. an exhaust air system 3 is connected.
  • the work room 1 is intended for the treatment of components and devices to be protected against contamination. It is designed in such a way that it can be securely closed from the outside. It only has an opening (not shown here) through which the components and devices are inserted and removed.
  • the working space 1 is preferably designed such that it can be opened upwards and / or to the side. This is achieved in that the top surface and / or a side surface is installed so that it can be removed or pushed aside.
  • the work area 1 is connected to the air circulation system 2 via a first discharge line 4 and a first supply line 5. This is formed by a fan 6 and a circulating air heater 7.
  • the fan 6 is connected in series with the circulating air heater 7.
  • the input of the fan 6 is connected on the one hand to the discharge line 4 of the work space 1.
  • it is connected to a first suction line 8. Air can be supplied to the recirculation system 2 via this from the surroundings of the work area.
  • the suction line 8 can be closed by a butterfly valve 9 which is installed in front of the fan 6.
  • the work space 1 is additionally connected to the exhaust air system 3 via a discharge line 10.
  • the exhaust air system 3 is essentially formed by two filter systems 11 and 12 connected in series, to which a fan 13 is connected.
  • the two filter systems 11 and 12 can be bridged via a bypass 14, in which a butterfly valve 15 is installed.
  • a butterfly valve 16 and 17 is installed in front of and behind the branch of the bypass 14.
  • a butterfly valve 18, 19 is also provided in front of and behind the fan 13.
  • the outlet of the fan 13 is connected via a line 20 to an exhaust air chimney 21.
  • the input of the filter system 11 is connected to a second suction line 25, via which cold air can be supplied to the exhaust air system 3, in particular the filter system 11, if required.
  • a butterfly valve 24 is installed, which is operated by a temperature measuring device 26. This is also connected to the input of the filter system 11 and determines the temperature prevailing there.
  • the working space 1 is preferably lined with a protective surface made of austenitic steel 30 on the inside.
  • the floor 31 of the work space 1 is designed such that it drops slightly in the interior of the work space 1 from the lateral boundary surfaces towards the center.
  • a drain 32 which is led to the outside.
  • two lines 33 and 34 are connected to the drain 32, each of which leads into a collecting container 35 and 36.
  • a closure member 37 and 38 is installed in each of the two lines 33 and 34.
  • the collecting container 35 serves to hold water
  • the collecting container 36 serves to hold lacquer or lacquer solvents.
  • a hoist 41 is installed on the top surface 40 of the work space 1, to which the components and devices to be machined are attached and can be moved within the work space 1.
  • manipulators 42 which are only shown schematically in the drawing. These manipulators are already known devices which are not to be described in more detail here. They are arranged in such a way that they are arranged in areas in and outside the work area 1, so that they can be actuated from outside the work area 1.
  • the individual steps of the method according to the invention are explained below on the basis of a transport container 43 to be protected for spent fuel elements.
  • the aforementioned transport container 43 is to be loaded or unloaded with spent fuel elements and, for this purpose, is to be lowered, for example, into a water-filled storage pool (not shown here) for spent fuel elements. Since, as already mentioned, the water in this storage pool is radioactive, the transport container 43 must be protected. For this purpose, it is brought into the work area 1 and attached to the hoist 41 so that all of its boundary surfaces to be protected are accessible. First, the surfaces of the transport container 43 to be protected are cleaned of coarse dirt. This cleaning takes place, for example, with the help of water.
  • the air circulation system 2 is switched on and the exhaust air system 3 is switched off.
  • the air is thus sucked out of the work space 1, heated by the air heater 7 and returned to the work space 1.
  • the protective layer according to the invention.
  • the transport container 43 is sprayed with the lacquer forming the protective layer.
  • coating can also be done in the plunge pool.
  • a uniform or coherent protective layer is created by spraying the surfaces to be protected one or more times.
  • the protective layer After the loading and unloading of the transport container 43 within the storage pool has ended, it is again removed from it with the aid of a hoist (not shown here) and immediately placed in the work space 1 so that the protective layer can be removed.
  • the protective layer must be removed by evaporation, a solvent or by melting. If the lacquer applied as a protective layer is an acrylate resin, it can be evaporated, starting at a temperature of approximately 130 ° C.
  • the air inside the working space 1 is applied to the circulating air heater 2 with the aid of the circulating air heater 7 The temperature is heated and kept at this temperature value until the protective layer has been completely removed from the transport container.
  • the transport container 43 If the transport container 43 is completely freed from the protective layer, it can be removed from the work area 1 again.
  • the check as to whether the protective layer has been completely removed is again carried out by an optical check of the transport container 43. Since the paint used contains pigments and is therefore very clearly visible, an optical check is possible in a simple manner. The test for sufficient freedom from contamination can then be carried out using the usual method (eg wipe test). If the transport container to be treated is coated with a varnish that can only be removed with a solvent, the transport container must be sprayed with it.
  • the paint or solvent mixed with the paint flows out of the transport container 43 in this operation and flows into the drain 32 and is fed to the collecting container 36 by opening the closing member 38.
  • the closing member 37 which releases or blocks the collecting container 35 for the water, is firmly closed at this time.
  • the vapors that occur when the protective layer is removed with a solvent are also supplied to the exhaust air system 3 via the discharge line 10.
  • the lacquer is removed with a suitably designed heat source (not shown here) which is guided along the coated surfaces of the transport container.
  • the paint melt is also fed to the collecting container 36 via the drain 32.
  • the transport container is loaded, for example, the post-heating output of the load can also be used for heating. Due to strong turbulence in the work area 1, the evaporated and / or sublimed protective lacquer particles together with the deposited and dried radionuclides are kept in motion as suspended matter.
  • the door Bulences are generated by introducing larger amounts of air into the work area 1 via the supply line 5. The chosen facility limits the paint-bound or aerosol-shaped radioactivity to a very small cycle.
  • the evaporation gases are fed to the exhaust air system 3 via the discharge line 10.
  • Some of the pollutants extracted from the work area can already be retained in the filter systems 11 and 12, depending on the type of paint.
  • a negative pressure is maintained in the work space 1 with the help of the fan 13. This takes place via the discharge line 10, the butterfly valves 16 and 17 being open and the bypass 14 remaining closed.
  • the substances that are not to be retained in the filter systems 11 and 12 reach the exhaust air chimney 21 with the help of the fan 13 and the line 20. In this operating mode, in particular when the vacuum inside the working space 1 is kept pure, the fan 13 is switched to a low speed .
  • the fan 13 is switched to a higher speed and the shut-off valve 9 is opened at the same time.
  • This butterfly valve 9 is located in the suction line 8, via which the air recirculation system 2 can suck in and supply room air from the surroundings of the work space 1. This measure ensures that the work area 1 is rinsed.
  • the bypass 14 with the butterfly valve 15 is used for rinsing purposes in the cleaning and decontamination of the work space 1.
  • the filter system 11 consists of commercially available particulate filters.
  • the temperature measuring device 25 is connected to the input of the filter system 11 and recorded the temperature there. If this inlet temperature exceeds the permissible maximum value, the butterfly valve 24 is opened by a pulse which emanates from the temperature measuring device 25. Air is now supplied to the inlet of the filter system 11 via the feed line 25. If the feed line 25 is not connected directly to the input of the filter system 11, but is connected directly to the discharge line 10 behind the end flap 17, an air mixing zone is created between the mouth of the feed line 25 and the input of the filter system 11, in which the air from the work space 1 extracted air is mixed with the supplied cold air. There is the possibility of executing the air mixing zone vertically and at a low flow rate, so that larger aerosols and paint particles can settle under the action of gravity and can be removed without the expensive use of filter systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP81200603A 1980-07-30 1981-06-03 Protection contre la contamination Ceased EP0045983A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803028884 DE3028884A1 (de) 1980-07-30 1980-07-30 Kontaminationsschutz
DE3028884 1980-07-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045983A2 true EP0045983A2 (fr) 1982-02-17
EP0045983A3 EP0045983A3 (fr) 1982-06-23

Family

ID=6108474

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81200603A Ceased EP0045983A3 (fr) 1980-07-30 1981-06-03 Protection contre la contamination

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0045983A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3028884A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090680A1 (fr) * 1982-03-02 1983-10-05 Societe Lorraine De Peintures Et Vernis (Slpv) S.A. Procédé pour la décontamination radioactive des surfaces
FR2553561A1 (fr) * 1983-10-15 1985-04-19 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Procede pour empecher l'entrainement de poussiere au cours de la demolition de structures en materiaux solides et dispositif pour l'execution du procede
CN1061070C (zh) * 1997-06-24 2001-01-24 中国原子能科学研究院 可剥离去放射性污染涂膜
CN105810272A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2016-07-27 阿海珐有限公司 用于为中间储存封装燃料棒或燃料棒部分的方法和设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2074219B1 (fr) 2007-02-16 2013-11-20 BASF Plant Science GmbH Séquences d'acides nucléiques pour la régulation de l'expression spécifique de l'embryon dans des plantes monocotyles

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2877131A (en) * 1946-05-06 1959-03-10 Donald C Overholt Method and coating composition for protecting and decontaminating surfaces
FR1444128A (fr) * 1965-05-18 1966-07-01 Commissariat Energie Atomique Installation de décontamination

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090680A1 (fr) * 1982-03-02 1983-10-05 Societe Lorraine De Peintures Et Vernis (Slpv) S.A. Procédé pour la décontamination radioactive des surfaces
FR2553561A1 (fr) * 1983-10-15 1985-04-19 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Procede pour empecher l'entrainement de poussiere au cours de la demolition de structures en materiaux solides et dispositif pour l'execution du procede
CN1061070C (zh) * 1997-06-24 2001-01-24 中国原子能科学研究院 可剥离去放射性污染涂膜
CN105810272A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2016-07-27 阿海珐有限公司 用于为中间储存封装燃料棒或燃料棒部分的方法和设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0045983A3 (fr) 1982-06-23
DE3028884A1 (de) 1982-02-25

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Inventor name: PECORNIK, DAMIR, DR.

Inventor name: BAYER, WOLFGANG, DR.