EP0046891A2 - Descenseur sur corde - Google Patents

Descenseur sur corde Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046891A2
EP0046891A2 EP81106095A EP81106095A EP0046891A2 EP 0046891 A2 EP0046891 A2 EP 0046891A2 EP 81106095 A EP81106095 A EP 81106095A EP 81106095 A EP81106095 A EP 81106095A EP 0046891 A2 EP0046891 A2 EP 0046891A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rope
sliding body
descender
auxiliary sliding
braking surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81106095A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0046891A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Brda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19803032713 external-priority patent/DE3032713A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19803047284 external-priority patent/DE3047284A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19813120330 external-priority patent/DE3120330A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0046891A2 publication Critical patent/EP0046891A2/fr
Publication of EP0046891A3 publication Critical patent/EP0046891A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
    • A62B35/04—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion incorporating energy absorbing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a descender for abseiling a person or load on a rope, in which the rope is guided around a fixed sliding cylinder arranged on a base plate.
  • Such descenders are known; see e.g. US-PS 362-173, 2 691 478, 2 432 741, 848 235, 1 351 734, DE-PS 115 414, DE-OS 2 739 637, CH-PS 39 893.
  • a seat belt in which a person to be rappelled sits, or a load is attached.
  • the descender then glides down the rope under the weight of the person.
  • the abseiling device is braked by the frictional force that occurs when the rope slides around the fixed sliding cylinder.
  • other areas may be provided, along which the rope glides past and is braked (see U.S. Patent 362,173, the guide eye (D) and the sliding cylinder (E)).
  • the speed can be regulated in that the person who abseils on the abseiling device grasps the rope and thus brakes or exerts a further braking force on the rope via a lever. If this is not the case, ie the person to be roped does not actively intervene in the abseiling process in order to increase the braking force, the abseiling device moves downwards at a speed which is determined solely by the braking force on the sliding cylinder.
  • this object is achieved in that the rope - in addition to being guided around the fixed sliding cylinder - can also be pivoted on one is guided by an auxiliary sliding body connected to a lever, which is rotated by the friction of the rope sliding past it so that it presses the rope against another braking surface.
  • a further auxiliary sliding body which, in the uninfluenced state, presses the rope so strongly against a further braking surface that a complete braking takes place to a standstill.
  • the auxiliary sliding body is mounted in such a way that it is rotated or pivoted by the frictional force of the rope sliding past and thereby presses the rope against the braking surface.
  • the pressure of the auxiliary sliding body against the further braking surface always increases so long until it comes to a standstill.
  • the same effect is brought about by a spring.
  • the person to be abseiled (or an auxiliary person) can now grip a lever to which the auxiliary sliding cylinder is connected and the auxiliary sliding cylinder in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction against self-locking in the first solution and in the direction against the force of the spring in the second solution. If this is the case, then the frictional force on the rope is reduced and the descender can descend.
  • complete passivity of the person to be rappeld e.g. if they want to have both hands free and want to work in a certain place (when using it as a working device) or in the event of loss of consciousness or injury (when using it as a salvage device), there is an increase the rate of descent is absolutely impossible.
  • a particularly important advantageous development of the invention provides that the base plate with two side plates arranged on it one from the front forms accessible chamber-like space in which the sliding cylinder, the auxiliary sliding body and the further braking surface are arranged, and that a cover is provided through which this space can be closed.
  • the housing formed by a coverable chamber
  • the rope is guided completely securely on the one hand, and it is easily removable on the other hand. So you can use the descender several times in succession, because the rope can be easily removed and reinserted in a new starting position. There are no dangers in the operational state due to this easy retrofitting.
  • both the sliding cylinder and the auxiliary sliding body can be formed without flanges, ie without special rope guiding elements, which further simplifies handling and construction.
  • the descender according to the first embodiment has a base plate 1 on which a fixed sliding cylinder 2 is arranged.
  • a chamber-like housing which is open towards the front is formed in that two side plates 71 and 72 are firmly connected to the base plate 1.
  • This chamber is closed by a cover 73 with a U-shaped cross section (see FIG. 1), which is articulated on the side plate 71 by screws 74 and 75.
  • Fig. 1 shows the descender with the cover 73 open. In 5, the cover is closed and fixed in this closed position with the aid of a helical screw 76 which is screwed into the threaded bore 77 (FIG. 1) in the side part 72.
  • FIG. 1 shows the descender with the cover 73 open.
  • the cover is closed and fixed in this closed position with the aid of a helical screw 76 which is screwed into the threaded bore 77 (FIG. 1) in the side part 72.
  • the upper cover part 78 (which corresponds to the upper leg of the U in cross section according to FIG. 1) has a first incision 79.
  • the lower cover part 80 (which corresponds in cross section to the lower leg of the U) has a second incision 81.
  • the rope 6 is passed through these two incisions when the chamber is closed, that is to say in the position shown in FIG. 5.
  • a guide pin 82 is arranged on the base plate 1.
  • the base plate 1 has an opening 34, in which a person who is to be roped is suspended by means of a snap hook 35 and a seat belt 26 . The weight of the person is then on the base plate 1 of the drawn arrow 38 effective.
  • An auxiliary sliding body 84 is also arranged on the base plate 1 with the aid of a screw 83.
  • the auxiliary sliding body 84 is pivotable about the bolt 83 which is screwed to the base plate 1.
  • the bolt 83 is guided in a corresponding bore in the auxiliary sliding body 84.
  • This bore is arranged eccentrically in the auxiliary sliding body 84.
  • a gear 85 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary sliding body 84. This gear wheel is offset with its axis of rotation relative to the auxiliary sliding body 84, so that when the auxiliary sliding body 84 rotates around the bolt 83 it does not rotate eccentrically but normally concentrically.
  • the gear 85 is in engagement with a second gear 86, which is fixedly connected to the lever 64, which is rotatably mounted in the side part 72 with the aid of a pin 87 and extends outwards through a recess 88 in the side part 72.
  • the side part 72 is designed in cross section in its upper region in such a way that a curved braking surface 89 results.
  • the cable 6 runs between the auxiliary sliding body 84 and the braking surface 89.
  • the rope 6 is, as can be seen from Fig. La, fixed with its upper end 6 'at any point from which a person wants to abseil.
  • the rope runs thence into the descender and 1 1/2 times around the fixed sliding cylinder 2.
  • the rope is passed around the auxiliary sliding body 84 and thus also between the auxiliary sliding body 84 and the braking surface 89. From there it runs down.
  • the rope 6 slides from below in the direction of arrow 39 into the descending abseiling device and over the auxiliary sliding body 84 and over the sliding cylinder 2. It runs counterclockwise and with a wrap angle of approx. 180 ° around the auxiliary sliding body 84. Then it runs towards the sliding cylinder 2. It runs 1 1/2 times around the slide cylinder 2 and from there back to the top of the Abseil g et up instrument out.
  • the cable 6 is braked mainly by the fact that braking around the stationary sliding cylinder 2 is caused by friction. However, this braking force is not such that, with a person's normal weight, there is still no complete braking to a standstill. Rather, as a result of the braking on the fixed sliding cylinder 2 alone, there is a normal lowering speed.
  • the further braking is carried out with the aid of the auxiliary sliding body 84 and the braking surface 89 as follows:
  • the rope runs from bottom to top through the device in the direction of arrow 39.
  • the auxiliary sliding body 84 is rotated counterclockwise around the bolt 83 by the frictional force between the cable 6 and the auxiliary sliding body 84. Since this is an eccentric movement around the bolt 83, the cable 6 is pressed against the braking surface 89 by the auxiliary sliding body 84. The cable 6 is thus clamped between the auxiliary sliding body 84 and the braking surface 89 in a self-locking and self-retaining manner. As long as the rope 6 is still sliding over the auxiliary sliding body 84, this tends to increase the force with which the auxiliary sliding body 84 presses the rope 6 against the braking surface 89. As a result, a braking force is applied which always safely leads to the descender on the rope 6 coming to a standstill.
  • Gear 86 thus rotates counterclockwise, gear 85 rotates clockwise. Therefore, the auxiliary sliding body 84, which is firmly connected to the gear 85, also rotates clockwise and thus in a direction in which the distance between the auxiliary sliding body 84 and the braking surface 89 increases.
  • the aforementioned self-reinforcing and self-holding clamping action between auxiliary sliding body 84 and braking surface 89 is eliminated.
  • the total braking force is not so strong that it comes to a complete standstill. Rather, as already described, there is sliding at a speed which depends on the size of the radii of the sliding cylinder 2 and auxiliary sliding body 84, as well as the corresponding wrap angles and the blowing of the abseiling device plus the person to be abseiled.
  • the rope 6 shows a modified embodiment.
  • the rope 6 is wrapped twice around the fixed sliding cylinder 2 and led down out of the descender.
  • the upper cover part 78 ' accordingly no more opening, while a correspondingly larger opening 81 'is provided in the lower cover part 80.
  • a tab 101 which has an opening 102, is welded to the base plate 1 on the upper side.
  • Fig. 6a The type of use of this modified embodiment is shown in Fig. 6a.
  • the abseiling process is carried out by an auxiliary person H who actuates the lever 64 of the abseiling device, which is designated A in FIG. 6a.
  • the descender A is attached to a frame 103 by means of the opening 102.
  • This frame stands on a fixed surface 104. It is therefore a suspension of the descender at a fixed point.
  • the person P to be abseiled is suspended with the seat belt 36 at the lower end 6 ′′ of the rope 6 running downward from the abseiling device.
  • the sliding cylinder 2 is also fastened to the base plate 1 with screws 5.
  • the sliding cylinder 2 has flanges 3 and 4, respectively.
  • the guide eyelets 37 and 37 ' serve to guide the rope.
  • a cable guide block 114 is provided above the sliding cylinder 2, which engages around the windings of the cable 6 on the sliding cylinder 2 in a chamber-like manner.
  • a plate 56 adjoins plate 52 at right angles to this. It forms an integral part with plate 52 and rod 53. (The plate 56 lies in front of the plane of the illustration in FIG. 1 and has broken away there.)
  • a shaft 57 is rotatably arranged between the plate 56 and the base plate 1. It forms the auxiliary sliding body. The rotatable arrangement takes place in that pins 58 and 59 of the shaft 57 protrude into bores 60 and 61 of the plate 56 and the base plate 1, respectively.
  • the cross section of the shaft 57 is formed eccentrically in the area 62, so that there is an eccentric outer surface 63 in this area.
  • This outer surface is cut into the shaft 57, so that the rope 6 is guided at the same time.
  • the shaft 57 is connected to the lever 64, with which the rotational position of the shaft 57 can be changed.
  • the rope 6 is pressed to different degrees against the braking surface 54 during the passage between the outer surface 63 of the shaft 57 and the braking surface 54.
  • the friction which occurs when the cable 6 passes between the braking surface 54 and the cable 6 and between the outer surface 63 and the cable 6 is of different strength.
  • the shaft 57 is provided on the right side in FIG. 4 with an annular groove 65.
  • a torsion spring which is inserted at one end into an opening in the base plate 1 and at the other end into an opening in the shaft 57 and is biased so that it presses the lever 64 in the direction of the arrow 28.
  • the sliding cylinder 2 is also fixedly arranged on the base plate 1.
  • the rope 6 is also guided with 1 1/2 turns around the sliding cylinder 2. It runs towards the sliding cylinder 2 via the lower crosspiece 8 of an oval guide bracket 7 which is connected to a strut 9 which is screwed to the base plate 1.
  • the oval guide bracket (see FIG. 2) is formed by the two longitudinal webs 10 and 11, the lower crossbar 8 and the upper crossbar 12.
  • the webs 8, 10, 11, 12 define a guide opening 13 through which the cable 6 passes.
  • the lever 18 is pivotally articulated. It consists of a flat iron 19 and a pipe section 20 welded to it. A disk 21 is firmly welded to the upper end of the flat iron 19 (cf. FIG. 5). Through the upper end of the flat iron 19 and the disk 21 extends through a bore 22 'through which a bolt 22 is guided, which ver ver in the cable guide block 14 is screwed. The screw connection is secured by a further screw 23, which acts on a smooth-turned cylindrical section 24 of the screw 23. The lever 18 is thus pivotable about the pin 22.
  • the auxiliary sliding body 25 is fixedly attached to the brake handle 18 (see FIG. 12). Its arrangement on the brake handle 18 is such (see FIG. 1) that the rope 6, before it is at approximately 180 ° on the lower crosspiece 8 of the guide bracket 7 is deflected, is guided between the sliding cylinder 2 and the auxiliary sliding body 25. It is pressed by the braking surface 25 'of the auxiliary sliding body 25 against the surface of the turns of the rope 6 which lie on the sliding cylinder 2. This surface of the windings forms the further braking surface 25 ′′.
  • the auxiliary sliding body 25 is provided with a flange 26 which prevents the rope 6 from slipping sideways when handled carelessly.
  • a tension spring 27 is provided between the sliding cylinder 2 and the lever 18 and pulls the lever 18 in the direction of the arrow 28. It is at one end with the help of the insert plate 30 and the screw 29 on the slide cylinder 2 attached; at its other end it is attached to the lever 18 with the aid of the insert plate 31 and the screw 32.
  • a rod 33 is welded, which in the direction opposite arrow 28 represents a stop for the lever 18.
  • a guide eyelet 37 is attached to secure the rope 6.
  • the rope 6 takes the following route when the descender drops (see FIG. 1). It runs from below (arrow 39 in Fig. 1) towards the descender. Then it runs between the braking surface 25 "(the turns of the rope 6 running around the sliding cylinder 2) and the braking surface 25 'on the auxiliary sliding body 25. It then runs to the transverse web 8 of the guide bracket 7 and is deflected by this by approximately 180 °.
  • the part of the surface of the crosspiece 8, on which the cable 6 passes, is designated 8 'and also acts as a braking surface 2 1/2 times around it, then it runs up through the guide eye 37.
  • the rope is braked by frictional force (a) on the surface of the sliding cylinder 2, (b) on the braking surface 8 'of the crossbar 8, (c) on the braking surface 25' of the auxiliary sliding body 25 'of the auxiliary sliding body 25 and on the braking surface 25 ".
  • the braking force according to (c) can be varied in that the person sitting in the seat belt 36 presses the lever 18 against the direction of the arrow 28. If, on the other hand, the person to be roped lets go of the lever 18 completely, the force exerted on the cable 6 by the braking surface 25 'is determined solely by the force of the tension spring 27. This is at least selected so that when the brake handle 18 is released, the rate of descent is so slow that there is no danger to the person. It can also be set so strongly that the person comes to a complete standstill.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
EP81106095A 1980-08-30 1981-08-04 Descenseur sur corde Withdrawn EP0046891A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3032713 1980-08-30
DE19803032713 DE3032713A1 (de) 1980-08-30 1980-08-30 Abseilgeraet
DE19803047284 DE3047284A1 (de) 1980-12-16 1980-12-16 "abseilgeraet"
DE3047284 1980-12-16
DE3120330 1981-05-22
DE19813120330 DE3120330A1 (de) 1981-05-22 1981-05-22 Abseilgeraet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0046891A2 true EP0046891A2 (fr) 1982-03-10
EP0046891A3 EP0046891A3 (fr) 1982-03-17

Family

ID=27188852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81106095A Withdrawn EP0046891A3 (fr) 1980-08-30 1981-08-04 Descenseur sur corde

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0046891A3 (fr)
DD (1) DD201565A5 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4580658A (en) * 1982-11-27 1986-04-08 Walter Brda Device for lowering a person or a load on a rope
GB2203335A (en) * 1987-03-06 1988-10-19 Ling Lan Garment Corp Escape devices
WO1997024159A1 (fr) * 1995-12-27 1997-07-10 S.S.E. Sistemi Di Sicurezza Europa S.R.L. Dispositif antichute a freinage ameliore
WO1999020348A1 (fr) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-29 Hubert Kowalewski Dispositif de securite pour des operations d'ascension et de descente avec une corde
CN103801035A (zh) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-21 陆继儒 经济适用型火灾逃生器
CN104606800A (zh) * 2013-11-01 2015-05-13 陆震海 火灾逃生器
CN111807194A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2020-10-23 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种升降装置
WO2020233561A1 (fr) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Wang Jinhu Dispositif d'évacuation de bâtiment de grande hauteur

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2432741A (en) * 1946-06-10 1947-12-16 Frankel Jack Automatic lifesaving device
DE2231844C3 (de) * 1972-06-29 1981-01-15 Otto Brda Abseilgerat

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4580658A (en) * 1982-11-27 1986-04-08 Walter Brda Device for lowering a person or a load on a rope
GB2203335A (en) * 1987-03-06 1988-10-19 Ling Lan Garment Corp Escape devices
WO1997024159A1 (fr) * 1995-12-27 1997-07-10 S.S.E. Sistemi Di Sicurezza Europa S.R.L. Dispositif antichute a freinage ameliore
US6155384A (en) * 1995-12-27 2000-12-05 S. S. E. Sistemi Di Sicurezza Europa S.R.L. Break-fall device with improved braking
WO1999020348A1 (fr) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-29 Hubert Kowalewski Dispositif de securite pour des operations d'ascension et de descente avec une corde
CN103801035A (zh) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-21 陆继儒 经济适用型火灾逃生器
CN103801035B (zh) * 2012-11-15 2016-10-19 陆继儒 经济适用型火灾逃生器
CN104606800A (zh) * 2013-11-01 2015-05-13 陆震海 火灾逃生器
WO2020233561A1 (fr) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Wang Jinhu Dispositif d'évacuation de bâtiment de grande hauteur
CN111807194A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2020-10-23 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 一种升降装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DD201565A5 (de) 1983-07-27
EP0046891A3 (fr) 1982-03-17

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