EP0055272A1 - Revetement composite electro-depose et procede de formation de celui-ci. - Google Patents

Revetement composite electro-depose et procede de formation de celui-ci.

Info

Publication number
EP0055272A1
EP0055272A1 EP81901799A EP81901799A EP0055272A1 EP 0055272 A1 EP0055272 A1 EP 0055272A1 EP 81901799 A EP81901799 A EP 81901799A EP 81901799 A EP81901799 A EP 81901799A EP 0055272 A1 EP0055272 A1 EP 0055272A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
aluminium
oxide
chromium
containing substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81901799A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0055272B1 (fr
Inventor
Eric Charles Kedward
Colin Anthony Addison
Francis John Honey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Praxair ST Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Baj Vickers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baj Vickers Ltd filed Critical Baj Vickers Ltd
Publication of EP0055272A1 publication Critical patent/EP0055272A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0055272B1 publication Critical patent/EP0055272B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite electrodeposited coating comprising a metal matrix electrodeposited from a plating bath, the matrix incorporating particles deposited simultaneously from the bath in which the particles are substantially insoluble.
  • Such coatings may be deposited by an electrolytic or an electroless method.
  • a composite electrodetcsitec coating is characterised inthat the part ⁇ cles containing substance, an aluminium-containing substance, and aluminium cxice anc/cr an oxide of a rare earth metal and/or an oxide of a metal from croup IV cf the Periodic Table of the Elements.
  • the particles may comprise ture chromium powder and pure aluminium powder, or an alloy of chromium and aluminium in powder form, or an alloy of chromium and aluminium in powder form mixed with either both or one of pure aluminium or chromium, or one further possibility is to have a small quantity of a rare earth metal or a Group
  • the metal matrix comprises nickel or cobalt and the coating may be used, to coat any suitable substrate for example steel, high temperature creep-resistan nickel alloys, non-ferrous and light alloys and non-metallic substances with an outer conductive layer.
  • the oxide present in the coating may be an oxide of zirconium, titanium or hafnium, and preferably comprises "lime-stabilized" zirconia.
  • the oxide may constitute from 0.01 to 5% of the coating, preferably about 2% by weight, and may be present in the size range 0 to l0 ⁇ .
  • the chromium present in the coating may comprise up to 40% by weight of the coating, preferably comprising 10 to 20%, for example 15%.
  • the aluminium present in the coating may comprise up to 25% by weight of the coating and preferably comprises 10 to 20%.
  • the particles may be up to 10 ⁇ in diameter and preferably fall largely within the range cf 1 to 2 .
  • a method cf forming a composite coating is characterisedin that the particles include, in combination a chromium-containing substance, an aluminium-containing substance, aluminium oxide and/or an oxide of a rare earth metal Table or the Elements After deposition the coating may be further heat treated, either in use or for example by being held at 1000oC for
  • aluminium to form more oxide at the metal oxide interface may be formed more oxide at the metal oxide interface.
  • both mechanisms are operating and fresh oxide is also formed within that already existing.
  • a metal atom diffuses outwards through the oxide it may leave behind a vacancy.
  • the vacancies would normally coalesce at the interface between the metal and oxide to form voids such that the oxide would only be attached to the parent metal at a few places.
  • the oxide formed might have a greater volume than the original metal from which it had been formed and so a compressive stress would develop in the growing oxide layer.
  • a problem which may arise if oxide spallation does not occur is that the oxide simply gets thicker as time goes on and the component gets veaker as the cross section of the metal descreses.
  • One method by which these problems may be overcome is to reduce simultaneously the rates at which the oxygen and metal diffuse through the oxide and to provide a means by which the vacancies may be annihilated and so prevent void formation. It is in this way that the inclusion of the oxide particles, which are both thermodynamically stable and chemically stable in an oxidising atmosphere, may greatly improve the adhesion of the aluminium oxide to the matrix metal at the surface of the coating. It is
  • the first of these is the "stress relief” mechanism in which the presence of oxide particles at the coating's surface provides “dead spots” over which the developing oxide film can grow laterally thereby relieving any stresses, in the film.
  • the second ia the "vacancy sink” mechanism in which the vacancies left by aluminium atoms diffusing to the surface to react with oxygen are at least partially filled by oxide molecules so that the oxide particles undergo a reararrapgement to occupy the voids which effectively "diffuse” through the matrix.
  • the third is simply a reduction in the diffusion coefficients through the growing surface oxide layer of either the metal ions or the oxygen atoms or both.
  • a method of forming a composite coating is characterised in that the particles include, in combination, a chromium- containing substance, and aluminium oxide and/or an oxide of a rare earth metal and/or oxide of a metal from Group IV of the Periodic Table of the Elements , and by subsequently aluminising the coating.
  • the particles also include an aluminium-containing substance and, preferably, the aluminising step comprises a pack-aluminising process.
  • the material used may be aluminium powder, or a mixture of aluminium and aluminium oxide.
  • the aluminium is in the form of an alloy with chromium.
  • the pack-aluminising is carried out at a high temperature.
  • the aluminium is believed to diffuse into the surface of the electrodeposited coating and thus form a bone.
  • the coating may be subsequently heat treated, for example by being held at 1000°C for about 4 hours, or may be heat treated in use.
  • the coating process may invlove an electrolytic or an electroless method and may be carried out using the apparatus and operating conditions described in the Applicants' British Patents Nos. 1 218 179, 1 224166, 1 329 081 and 1 347 184.
  • the panel to be coated was given a pretreatment comprising immersion in a cyanide cleaner for two minutes followed by a water rinse, etching by immersion for 30 seconds in a 50% sulphuric acid followed by a water rinse, and a nickel strike by plating in a nickel bath for three minutes at a current density of 3.9 amps per square decimetre.
  • the panel was secured in a plating barrel and connected to a cathode contact. 40 grams per litre of barrel capacity of lime-stabilised zirconia powder and 600 grams per litre of barrel capacity of chromium/aluminium alloy powder, both with a mean particle size of 2 to 5 ⁇ m, were added to the barrel and the opening in the barrel through which the panel to be coated and the powder were admitted was closed.
  • the barrel was then completely submerged in the solution in the tank and was rotated at three revolutions per minute while composite plating took place at a voltage of between 2.5 and 3 volts with a current density of approximately 2.7 amps per square decimetre.
  • the solution temperature was maintained at 50°C and the solution had a pH of between 4.5 and 5.
  • plating was stopped.
  • the panel was then held at 1000°C for 4 hours, cooled and examined. It was found that the panel had been given a tenacious coating having an even distribution of particles.
  • the coating had a particle content of approximately 2% by volume of zirconia and 30% by volume of chromium/aluminium alloy.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)

Abstract

Le revetement comprend une matrice metallique deposee a partir d'un bain de placage et comprend des particules qui sont insolubles dans le bain. Les particules comprennent une substance contenant du chrome, une substance contenant de l'aluminium, et un oxyde d'un metal de terre rare, un metal provenant du groupe IV de la table periodique ou un oxyde d'aluminium. Un tel revetement est extremement resistant a l'oxydation et/ou a la corrosion, par exemple dans des moteurs d'avions a reaction et de fusees et peut supporter un cyclage thermique dans ces conditions.
EP81901799A 1980-07-02 1981-07-02 Revetement composite electro-depose et procede de formation de celui-ci Expired EP0055272B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8021614A GB2083076B (en) 1980-07-02 1980-07-02 Composite electrodeposited coating and a method of forming such a coating
GB8021614 1980-07-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0055272A1 true EP0055272A1 (fr) 1982-07-07
EP0055272B1 EP0055272B1 (fr) 1985-11-27

Family

ID=10514464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81901799A Expired EP0055272B1 (fr) 1980-07-02 1981-07-02 Revetement composite electro-depose et procede de formation de celui-ci

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0055272B1 (fr)
JP (2) JPS643960B2 (fr)
BE (1) BE889491A (fr)
CA (1) CA1176596A (fr)
GB (1) GB2083076B (fr)
IT (1) IT1171356B (fr)
WO (1) WO1982000162A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4789441A (en) * 1984-10-05 1988-12-06 John Foster Metallic protective coatings and method of making
GB2167446B (en) * 1984-10-05 1988-05-05 Baj Ltd Electrode deposited composite coating
FR2615871B1 (fr) * 1987-05-26 1989-06-30 Snecma Pieces de turbomachine en superalliage comportant un revetement protecteur metalloceramique
GB9216706D0 (en) * 1992-08-06 1992-09-23 Baj Ltd Electrodeposited composite coatings
GB9414859D0 (en) * 1994-07-22 1994-09-14 Baj Coatings Ltd Protective coating
GB9414858D0 (en) * 1994-07-22 1994-09-14 Baj Coatings Ltd Protective coating
DE10251902B4 (de) * 2002-11-07 2009-05-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Substrats und beschichteter Gegenstand
DE102013218687A1 (de) * 2013-09-18 2015-04-02 MTU Aero Engines AG Galvanisch hergestellte Verschleißschutzbeschichtung und Verfahren hierfür

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3057048A (en) * 1958-11-06 1962-10-09 Horizons Inc Protection of niobium
JPS5278718A (en) * 1975-12-26 1977-07-02 Seiko Instr & Electronics Component parts
JPS5929119B2 (ja) * 1976-10-12 1984-07-18 スズキ株式会社 多層複合メツキ層
CH599352A5 (fr) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8200162A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1171356B (it) 1987-06-10
CA1176596A (fr) 1984-10-23
GB2083076B (en) 1984-06-13
EP0055272B1 (fr) 1985-11-27
IT8148809A0 (it) 1981-07-02
JPH01212800A (ja) 1989-08-25
IT8148809A1 (it) 1983-01-02
GB2083076A (en) 1982-03-17
JPH0260760B2 (fr) 1990-12-18
WO1982000162A1 (fr) 1982-01-21
JPS57500882A (fr) 1982-05-20
JPS643960B2 (fr) 1989-01-24
BE889491A (fr) 1982-01-04

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