EP0061751B1 - Blitzlampe mit Glühfaden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Zündmasse - Google Patents

Blitzlampe mit Glühfaden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Zündmasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061751B1
EP0061751B1 EP82102583A EP82102583A EP0061751B1 EP 0061751 B1 EP0061751 B1 EP 0061751B1 EP 82102583 A EP82102583 A EP 82102583A EP 82102583 A EP82102583 A EP 82102583A EP 0061751 B1 EP0061751 B1 EP 0061751B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filament
dry weight
combustible
envelope
percussively
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82102583A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0061751A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas L. Gavenonis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0061751A1 publication Critical patent/EP0061751A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0061751B1 publication Critical patent/EP0061751B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K5/00—Light sources using charges of combustible material, e.g. illuminating flash devices
    • F21K5/02—Light sources using charges of combustible material, e.g. illuminating flash devices ignited in a non-disrupting container, e.g. photo-flash bulb

Definitions

  • This invention relates to filament-type photoflash lamps and to a process for fabricating such lamps and especially to filament-type photoflash lamps utilizing a rapid ignition primer and to a process for fabricating filament-type photoflash lamps which includes the provision of a rapid ignition primer.
  • the invention also relates to a primer material for such a lamp.
  • the invention relates to a filament-type photoflash lamp having a combustion-supporting gas and shredded metal fill contained within a glass envelope with a pair of electrically conductive leads hermetically sealed to and passing through said envelope and interconnected by a filament wire interiorly of the envelope, the points of connection between the leads and the filament wire being covered with a percussively ignitable material, a powdered combustible incandescible material and an oxidizing material, all responsive to heat generated upon activation of said filament wire.
  • the electrically activated photoflash lamps are of the filamentary type wherein a pair of electrically conductive leads are sealed in a glass envelope with a filament wire interconnecting the electrically conductive leads within the envelope.
  • a primer material is applied to one or both of the conductive leads within the envelope and contiguous with the filament wire.
  • relatively low voltage high current source as for example a voltage of 10.0-volts or less and a current of several hundred milliamperes, is coupled to the electrically conductive leads external to the envelope. This potential source causes the filament wire, usually tungsten, to melt and ignite the primer material affixed to the leads and, in turn, expels burning particles into a shredded fill within the envelope which produces the actinic output of the flashlamp.
  • the percussively activated flashlamp includes an anvil which is in contact with a primer material especially responsive to any movement thereof to provide burning particles suitable for igniting the shredded fill within the envelope.
  • a striker activates the anvil which, in turn, causes movement of the primer material in an amount sufficient to cause expulsion of burning particles and ignition of the shredded fill.
  • electrically-activated flashlamps are available wherein a pair of electrically conductive leads are embedded in a glass envelope and a primer material is disposed immediately adjacent one or more of the conductive leads interiorly of the envelope.
  • a relatively high voltage anywhere from several hundred to a thousand or more volts at very low currents, is applied to the conductive leads and, in turn, to the primer material.
  • the primer material is activated and ignites the shredded fill within the envelope.
  • the dark time or the time between energization of the filament and the initiation of actinic output from the flashlamp is a problem when presently known low voltage filament-type flashlamps are utilized with an "X-Sync" type camera. Since the filament does not begin to melt or burn immediately upon application of current but rather gradually heats and then burns and the fact that the primer material is not activated until the filament melts and reaches the primer material causing expulsion of burning particles toward the shredded fill material, the resultant appearance of the actinic output of the flashlamp is unduly delayed as compared with the camera shutter speed. As a result, the camera shutter could be operational prior to the provision of a maximum actinic output from the flashlamp.
  • a filament-type photoflash lamp as mentioned above in the first place is known from US-A-2 263 179.
  • a phosphor is deposited directly onto the filament and is followed by a combined primer and oxidizer. Therefore, a highly flammable material is immediately adjacent the filament wire to prevent the filament from going out before the primer is ignited.
  • this known structure is subject to a rather long dark time as pointed out above.
  • the object of the present invention is to be seen in providing both an improved filament-type photoflash lamp indicated above in the first place having a reduced actinic light initiation time and an improved process for fabricating same.
  • This object is met in that contiguous to the said points of connection and the filament wire the said percussively ignitable material and the said powdered incandescible combustible material are deposited as a mixture, both being coated with the said oxidizing material.
  • the object is met by the steps of sealing a pair of electrically conductive leads into a glass envelope, filling the glass envelope with a combustible shredded metal fill, interconnecting said pair of electrically conductive leads with a filament wire interiorly of said glass envelope, mixing the percussively-ignitable material and the powdered combustible incandescible material to provide a mixture, applying said mixture to said electrically conductive leads interiorly to said envelope, drying said applied mixture, dipping said dried mixture into a solution of oxidizer, drying said mixture and applied oxidizer, and exhausting and sealing said envelope.
  • a fuel including a percussively-ignitable material and a powdered combustible incandescible material coated with an oxidizer and disposable within a photoflash lamp and contiguous to a filament therein.
  • a filament-type photoflash lamp includes an envelope 3 containing a shredded combustible metal fill 5.
  • the envelope 3 has a pair of electrically conductive leads 7 and 9 hermetically sealed therein and passing therethrough.
  • the electrically conductive leads 7 and 9 are interconnected by a filament wire 11 interiorly of the envelope 3 and primer material 13 is affixed to each one of the leads 7 and 9.
  • the envelope has an exhaust tip 15.
  • the envelope 3 is preferably a relatively hard glass of the borosilicate type having a length of about 1.10 inches (27.94 mm), a diameter of about 0.306 mils (7.8 pm), a wall thickness of about 0.033 mils (0.8 11m) with a volume of about 0.55 cubic centimeters.
  • This envelope 3 is filled with about 22 mgs. of a shredded combustible metal, preferably zirconium, having a thickness of about 0.95 mil (24 um), a width of about 1.70 mil (43 um) and a length of about 4.0 inches (101.6 mm).
  • a filament wire 11 of tungsten interconnects the electrically conductive leads 7 and 9 and the primer material 13 is affixed thereto.
  • This primer material 13 includes a percussively-ignited material and a powdered combustible incandescent material along with. a suitable oxidizer and necessary stabilizers and binders.
  • the fuel or percussively-ignitable material is a red phosphorous while the powdered combustible incandescent material is in the form of powdered zirconium.
  • a preferred oxidizer is sodium perchlorate (NaCI0 4 ) although all chlorates and perchlorates of alkali and alkaline earth metals may be substituted for the sodium perchlorate.
  • a water-based stabilizer and binder system is preferred and a stabilizer such as lomar D available from The Diamond Shamrock Chemical Company of Morristown, New Jersey, in conjunction with small amounts of magnesium oxide are suitable to the previously-listed ingredients.
  • a likely composition may be selected from the following:
  • a suitable oxidizer for the above- listed ingredients is a saturated solution of sodium perchlorate (NaCl0 4 ).
  • a pair of electrically conductive leads are sealed into a glass envelope and the envelope is filled with about 22 mg. of a shredded combustible metal such as zirconium. Then, a tungsten filament wire is connected to the pair of electrically conductive leads interiorly of the envelope.
  • the primer of percussively-ignitable material is affixed to the electrically conductive leads. Because of the sensitivity of such primer materials, it is preferred to first provide a mixture of the fuels or percussively-ignitable and powdered combustible incandescible materials such as the red phosphorous and zirconium powder. This mixture is applied to the electrically conductive leads and dried thereon. Then, the primered electrically conductive leads are dipped into a saturated solution of oxidizer such as a saturated solution of sodium perchlorate (NaCl0 4 ). Again, the fuel mixture dipped into the oxider is allowed to dry.
  • oxidizer such as a saturated solution of sodium perchlorate (NaCl0 4 ).
  • the envelope containing the dried fuel mixture impregnated with oxidizer is exhausted and filled with pure oxygen to a pressure of about 925 cm of Hg or about 12 atmospheres.
  • This exhausted envelope is then sealed by way of an exhaust tip to provide an enhanced filamentary-type photoflash lamp responsive to a relatively low voltage source.
  • photoflash lamps with a percussively-ignitable primer material provide a dark time in the range of about 1.0 to 1.5 msecs. faster than those with a non-percussive primer material.
  • tests on the above-detailed primer materials provided a dark time in the range of about 2.0 to 2.5 msecs. while the non-percussive primer materials utilizing the same envelope exhibited a dark time of about 3.0 to 3.5 msecs.
  • the peak lighting times in both instances tracked the dark time periods.
  • an enhanced filament-type photoflash lamp suitable for use with a camera having a relatively low voltage high current power source.
  • the lamp includes a primer responsive to the above-mentioned power source for providing a flashlamp actinic output having a relatively short dark time period.
  • This dark time period defined as the time intermediate the application of power and the initiation of actinic output from the flashlamp, is reduced as compared with other known filamentary-type flashlamps suitable for use with a relatively low voltage source.
  • a photoflash fabricating process provides a unique technique for fabricating the above- described photoflash lamp.
  • the process steps not only provide an economical utilization of labor and apparatus but also greatly enhance the safety of the assembly operation. Moreover, this added safety capability extends to both equipment and personnel utilized in the operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe mit einem die Verbrennung unterstützenden Gas und einer Füllung (5) aus zerkleinertem Metall, die in einem Glasmantel (3) eingeschlossen sind, sowie mit einem Paar elektrisch leitender Zuführungen (7, 9), die hermetisch abgedichtet durch den Mantel (3) hindurchführen und mittels eines Drahtfadens (11) innerhalb des Mantels (3) miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Verbindungspunkte zwischen den Zuführungen (7, 9) und dem Drahtfaden (11) mit einem durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbaren Material, einem pulverisierten, brennbaren und weißglühfähigen Material, und einem Oxydationsmittel überzogen sind, die sämtlich auf Hitze reagieren, die bei Aktivierung des Drahtfadens erzeugt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Anlage an den Verbindungspunkten und dem Drahtfaden (11) das durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbare Material und das pulverisierte, weißglühfähige, brennbare Material als eine Mischung aufgebracht und beide mit dem Oxydationsmittel überzogen sind.
2. Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxydationsmittel aus der Gruppe der Chlorate und Perchlorate der Alkali- und der alkalischen Erdmetalle ausgewählt ist.
3. Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxydationsmittel in Form von Natrium-Perchlorat vorliegt.
4. Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbare Material im Bereich von etwa 10% bis 50% des Trockengewichts und das pulverisierte, weißglühfähige, brennbare Material im Bereich von etwa 50% bis 85% des Trockengewichts vorliegen.
5. Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbare Material und das pulverisierte, weißglühfähige, brennbare Material etwa 86.25% Trockengewicht an Zirconiumpulver, 10.0% Trockengewicht an rotem Phosphor und etwa 3.75% Trockengewicht an Stabilisatoren und Bindemittel aufweisen.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die Schritte des Abdichtens eines Paars elektrisch leitender Zuführungen (7, 9) in einem Glasmantel (3), des Füllens des Glasmantels (3) mit einer brennbaren, zerkleinerten Metallfüllung (5), des Verbindens des Paars elektrisch leitender Zuführungen (7, 9) mit einem Drahtfaden (11) innerhalb des Glasmantels (3), des Mischens des durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündfähigen Materials und des pulverförmigen, brennbaren, weißglühfähigen Materials zur Herstellung einer Mischung, des Aufbringens dieser Mischung auf die elektrisch leitenden Zuführungen (7, 9) innerhalb des Glasmantels (3), des Trocknens der aufgebrachten Mischung, des Eintauchens der getrockneten Mischung in eine Lösung aus Oxydationsmittel, des Trocknens der Mischung und des aufgebrachten Oxydationsmittels, und des Evakuierens und Abdichtens des Mantels.
7. Zündmaterial für eine Glühfaden-Photoblitzlampe, die auf eine Energiequelle relativ niedriger Spannung und hoher Stromstärke anspricht, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch einen Brennstoff, der ein durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbares Material und ein pulverförmiges, brennbares, weißglühfähiges Material aufweist, die mit einem Oxydationsmittel überzogen sind und sich innerhalb einer Photoblitzlampe und in Anlage an einen darin angeordneten Drahtfaden anordnen lassen.
8. Zündmaterial nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbare Material des Brennstoffs in Form von rotem Phosphor vorliegt.
9. Zündmaterial nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das pulverförmige, brennbare, weißglühfähige Material des 13rennstoffs in Form von Zirkoniumpulver vorliegt.
10. Zündmaterial nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das durch Schlagdruckwirkung zündbare Material im Bereich von etwa 10% bis 50% Trockengewicht und das pulverisierte, weißglühfähige, brennbare Material im Bereich von etwa 50% bis 85% Trockengewicht vorliegen, und daß das Zündmaterial etwa 2% bis 6% Bindemittel und Füllstoffe einschließt.
11. Zündmaterial nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es etwa 86.25% Trockengewicht an Zirkoniumpulver, 10.0% Trockengewicht an rotem Phosphor und etwa 3.75% Trockengewicht an Stabilisatoren und Bindemittel aufweist.
EP82102583A 1981-03-27 1982-03-26 Blitzlampe mit Glühfaden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Zündmasse Expired EP0061751B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/247,978 US4381915A (en) 1981-03-27 1981-03-27 Filament-type lamp primer and fabrication process
US247978 1981-03-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0061751A1 EP0061751A1 (de) 1982-10-06
EP0061751B1 true EP0061751B1 (de) 1986-02-26

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ID=22937141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82102583A Expired EP0061751B1 (de) 1981-03-27 1982-03-26 Blitzlampe mit Glühfaden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Zündmasse

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4381915A (de)
EP (1) EP0061751B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57172601A (de)
CA (1) CA1176614A (de)
DE (1) DE3269286D1 (de)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2263179A (en) * 1938-12-30 1941-11-18 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Ignition primer for photoflash lamps
NL6813921A (de) * 1968-09-27 1970-04-01
US3645663A (en) * 1970-12-02 1972-02-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Photoflash lamp and method of preparing and applying fulminating material
US3914143A (en) * 1972-12-15 1975-10-21 Gen Electric Photoflash lamp primer composition
US4314394A (en) * 1978-12-21 1982-02-09 Gte Products Corporation Photoflash lamp construction and method of making same
US4302182A (en) * 1979-10-19 1981-11-24 Gte Products Corporation Photoflash lamp
US4315733A (en) * 1979-11-21 1982-02-16 Gte Products Corporation Photoflash lamp with loose powder composition and method of making

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4381915A (en) 1983-05-03
JPS57172601A (en) 1982-10-23
EP0061751A1 (de) 1982-10-06
CA1176614A (en) 1984-10-23
DE3269286D1 (en) 1986-04-03

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