EP0062702B1 - Dispositif d'affichage de caractères sur un écran - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage de caractères sur un écran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062702B1
EP0062702B1 EP19810109428 EP81109428A EP0062702B1 EP 0062702 B1 EP0062702 B1 EP 0062702B1 EP 19810109428 EP19810109428 EP 19810109428 EP 81109428 A EP81109428 A EP 81109428A EP 0062702 B1 EP0062702 B1 EP 0062702B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
characters
displayed
colours
colors
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810109428
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0062702A1 (fr
Inventor
Otmar Popp
Bernhard Gutmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0062702A1 publication Critical patent/EP0062702A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0062702B1 publication Critical patent/EP0062702B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for displaying characters on a screen of a display unit according to the preamble of the claim.
  • the screen content which is referred to as the page, is divided, for example, into 960 character fields, which are arranged in 24 lines with 40 character fields each.
  • the character field consists of 8 x 10 or 8 x 12 pixels, by means of which the individual characters are displayed.
  • the same grid can also be used to display fine graphic characters that can span one or more character fields.
  • each field is divided into 2 x 3 graphic elements and the graphic patterns can be constructed from the possible combinations of light and dark graphic elements.
  • the characters and graphic patterns can be displayed in the basic colors common to television, red, green and blue and their complementary colors yellow, cyan and magenta as well as in white and black. In the display, these colors can also be selected as background colors.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an arrangement by means of which particularly good legibility of characters with different colors is achieved on a screen of a display unit when graphic patterns and / or multicolored television images are also displayed by means of the display unit.
  • the object is achieved in the arrangement of the type mentioned by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that it requires little effort and can be easily installed in existing display units. A pleasant picture appears on the screen for the viewer. Compared to an increase in the overall brightness, the arrangement has the advantage that flickering of the relatively bright colors is avoided and that the colors are not changed when the graphic patterns or the television pictures are displayed. The color tone is also retained when the characters are displayed, since the colors are only brightened. The mixed colors are not changed and the color contrast is also retained.
  • control signals represent the brightness of the Increase characters by adding appropriate proportions of the basic colors.
  • control unit increases the overall brightness of the display on the screen when displaying the characters in the relatively dark colors and generates signals by means of which the brightness of the displayed relatively bright colors is reduced.
  • a decoding unit which outputs ordered color signals to the characters to be displayed and which contains an image memory in which data words associated with the characters and the associated colors are stored
  • the control unit has a converter contains, which converts the relatively dark colors associated first code words into second code words which are assigned to the corresponding lightened colors. It is particularly advantageous that the converter is connected upstream of the image memory, in which the second code words can be stored instead of the first code words. Another possibility is that the converter is arranged between the image memory and an image repetition memory. The image repetition memory does not have to contain the content of a complete page. For example, it may be sufficient if only the content of one line is stored in the image repetition memory.
  • Good readability of the characters can also be achieved in that the display unit displays the characters with an increased frame rate and in that the characters with the relatively dark colors are displayed more frequently than the characters with relatively bright colors or that the control unit emits signals to the display unit by means of which the brightness signals are periodically blocked periodically when the characters are displayed in relatively bright colors.
  • control unit when using a flat screen, in which the display is carried out using a large number of illuminated dots, it is advantageous for the control unit to generate signals which, when the characters with the relatively dark colors are displayed, trigger a display with more illuminated dots on the display unit than when displaying the characters with the relatively bright colors.
  • characters AZ and GZ and a graphic pattern GM are shown in the section from a teletext page shown in FIG. 1, characters AZ and GZ and a graphic pattern GM are shown.
  • Alphanumeric characters AZ and a graphic character GZ formed from fine lines are shown as characters.
  • the characters AZ and GZ and the graphic pattern GM are arranged in character fields ZF, the limits of which are shown only for reasons of clarity, but are not visible on the screen.
  • Each character field ZF is divided into an invisible grid of 8 x 12 pixels BP when characters are displayed.
  • the characters AZ are shown on the screen due to the different brightnesses of the pixels BP.
  • the graphic characters GZ can be displayed in the same grid as the alphanumeric characters AZ. You can also span several ZF character fields.
  • the characters AZ and GZ can be displayed in the three primary colors red, green, blue, the mixed colors yellow, cyan and magenta and in the colors black and white. However, the color cannot be changed within a ZF drawing field.
  • the basic colors, the mixed colors and the colors black and white can also be used as the background.
  • the character fields ZF are divided into 2 x 3 graphic elements GE.
  • the graphic patterns GM are then represented from character fields ZF with different combinations of the graphic elements GE.
  • the graphic elements GE and the background color can also assume the basic colors, the mixed colors and the colors black and white.
  • the characters AZ and GZ are displayed on the screen in relatively dark colors such as red or blue, there is a risk, particularly in the case of a dark background, that the characters AZ, GZ are not clearly legible. This is particularly the case if, as shown in FIG. 1, a graphic pattern GM, for example with a relatively bright color, such as white, yellow or cyan, comes very close to the characters AZ or GZ in blue or red color.
  • a control unit SE is arranged between an image control unit BST and a display unit AE which is provided with the screen.
  • the image control unit BST is designed in a known manner. It contains switching units via which color signals coming from a television receiver or color signals coming from a teletext decoder can be sent to the display unit AE be switched. Switching units of this type are generally known and are described, for example, in the magazine “Wireless World” May 1976, pages 64-68.
  • the color signals R, G and B assigned to the primary colors red, green and blue are supplied to the display unit AE via delay elements V.
  • the color signals R, G, B are supplied to the control unit SE.
  • the color signals are analog signals, the instantaneous values of which determine the colors to be displayed and their brightness.
  • the color signals are binary signals which assume the binary values 0 or 1.
  • the representation of the color red for example, only the color signal R has the binary value 1.
  • the color signal B or G has the binary value 1.
  • the color black is represented in that all color signals have the binary value 0 and when displaying the color white, hall color signals have the binary value 1.
  • the mixed colors yellow, cyan and magenta are represented by the fact that the color signals R and G, G and B or R and B have the binary value 1.
  • the teletext decoder determines that a teletext page is to be displayed, the corresponding color signals R, G and B are fed to the display unit AE.
  • the color signals are supplied to the display unit AE in a known manner.
  • the image control unit BST When representing alphanumeric characters AZ or graphic characters GZ, the image control unit BST generates corresponding signals SAZ or SGZ. If one of these signals occurs, an OR gate G1 in the control unit SE outputs a signal S1 to two AND gates U1 and U2. If the characters are to be displayed in blue color, the color signal B has the binary value 1, while the color signals R and G have the binary values 0.
  • the AND gate U1 outputs a signal S2 via a switching stage SS1 and an analog OR gate G2 as signal S3 to the display unit AE.
  • this signal S3 which serves as a brightness signal
  • the blue characters are lightened relative to the relatively bright colors, such as white, yellow or cyan.
  • the brightening can take place in a known manner in that small portions of the primary colors red and green are generated in the display unit AE by means of corresponding additional color signals. It is also possible to supply the signal S3 to the grid of a picture tube designed as a cathode ray tube in order to increase the brightness.
  • a signal S4 is generated by means of the AND gate U2, which brightens them when the characters are displayed in red color.
  • the amplitude of the signals S2 or the signals S4 and thus the signals S3 can be changed so that the basic colors red and blue can be brightened to different extents. It is particularly advantageous here if the blue color is lightened more than the red color.
  • the delay elements V are provided to compensate for additional transit times which arise from the AND elements U1 and U2, from the switching stages SS1 and SS2 and the OR element G2, so that the signals S3 occur simultaneously with the corresponding color signals.
  • control unit SE With the help of the control unit SE, it is achieved in a simple manner that when characters are displayed in the relatively continuous colors red and blue, these are brightened relative to the relatively bright colors.
  • the relative brightening of the relatively dark colors can also take place in that the display unit AE is designed for a higher frame rate and that the characters AZ and GZ are displayed with relatively bright colors with a lower frame rate than the characters AZ and GZ with relatively dark colors.
  • a higher frame rate is set with signal S3, so that the relatively dark colors then appear brightened.
  • a screen formed from a multiplicity of luminous dots for example a flat screen
  • the relative brightening of the relatively dark colors can take place in that the relatively bright colors are displayed with a smaller number of luminous dots, while the signal S3 is caused that correspondingly more luminous dots are used in the representation of the characters in the relatively dark colors.
  • the relative brightening of the relatively dark colors is achieved by increasing the overall brightness when displaying teletext pages and by selectively darkening the relatively bright colors when displaying graphic patterns GM or when displaying background colors .
  • the videotex decoder in the image control unit BST again outputs the signals SAZ and SGZ.
  • the signals SAZ and SGZ each have the binary value 0, so that three AND gates U3 to U5 are enabled.
  • the AND gates U3, U4 or U5 emit a signal S5, S6 or S7 which is transmitted via a switching stage SS3, SS4 or SS5 and an analog OR gate G3 is supplied as signal S8 to the display unit AE and darkens these colors, so that the relatively dark colors also appear brightened in this way relative to the relatively bright colors.
  • the delay elements V are in turn provided for the delay times through to balance the AND gates U3 to U5, the switching stages SS3 to SS5 and the OR gate G3. Switching levels SS3 to SS5 in turn can be used to set the level of darkening for each color individually.
  • the signal S8 is expediently fed to the grid of the cathode ray tube in order to reduce the brightness of the corresponding colors.
  • the signal S8 can be used to reduce the frame rate when the relatively bright colors are displayed, so that the relatively dark colors appear brightened here too.
  • the signal S8 can be used to reduce the number of activated illuminated dots when displaying the relatively bright colors.
  • the corresponding brightness signal is chopped using the signal S8, i. H. is periodically interrupted briefly. This can be done, for example, by an AND operation with a clock signal output by an oscillator.
  • control unit SE is part of the image control unit BST. From the teletext decoder, only an image memory BSP is shown, in which data words associated with the characters to be displayed and graphic patterns are stored.
  • These data words contain, for example, 16 binary characters, of which 8 are assigned to the alphanumeric characters AZ to be displayed or the graphic elements GE and of which 8 binary characters represent control characters which identify the color or the type of representation or which indicate that they are data words which are assigned to the alphanumeric characters AZ or the graphic elements GE.
  • first code words consisting of 3 binary characters are provided in accordance with the color signals R, G and B.
  • the control unit SE contains an image repetition memory BWS which, for example, temporarily stores the content of a line on the screen. With the exception of the first code words assigned to the color signals, all other binary characters are fed directly to the image repetition memory BWS as signals S9. The color signals are fed to the frame buffer BWS via a converter UM1.
  • More storage spaces for the data words are provided in the image repetition memory BWS than in the image memory BST.
  • four binary characters for second code words are provided in the data words, so that in addition to the basic colors, their complementary colors and the colors black and white, further colors can be stored.
  • the colors "lightened blue and" lightened red are intended as further colors. If the videotex decoder emits the signals SAZ or SGZ and the characters are to be displayed in the colors red or blue, the corresponding combinations of the binary characters which are assigned to these brightened colors are stored in the second code words in the image repetition memory BWS.
  • the image repetition memory BWS is followed by a second converter UM2, which again assigns three color signals R1, G1 and B1 to these four binary characters.
  • color signals differ from the color signals R, G and B in that when the characters are shown in blue color, the color signals R1 and G1 also have predetermined instantaneous values and in that when the characters are shown in red color, the color signals G1 and B1 also have predetermined instantaneous values to lighten the blue or red color due to the additive mixture of colors.
  • the image control unit is that the image memory BSP is already being expanded in such a way that second code words formed from 4 binary characters are provided for the colors. In this case, the image repetition memory BWS is not required and the converter UM1 is connected upstream of the image memory BSP.
  • the converter UM2 can also be designed in such a way that, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it generates additional brightness signals in accordance with the signals S3 and S8 in order to control the grid of the picture tube, the frame rate or the number of illuminated dots of a flat picture tube to change.
  • the converter UM1 can also be designed such that it passes the color signals R, G and B unchanged to the image repetition memory BWS even when characters are displayed. This can be the case, for example, if the characters are displayed on a light background.
  • the converter UM1 can contain a memory, in which the background color valid for the respective character field is temporarily stored and, depending on its content, the relatively dark colors can be brightened.
  • Such an intermediate store can also be provided in the arrangements according to FIGS. 2 or 3, so that even in this case the relative brightening of the relatively dark colors only takes place if these are displayed on a dark background.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Color Television Systems (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Dispositif pour représenter des caractères sur un écran d'une unité d'affichage, sur laquelle les caractères peuvent être représentés avec plusieurs couleurs différentes et sur laquelle les caractères représentés avec des couleurs comparativement sombres sont représentés en étant du plus clair par rapport aux caractères représentés avec des couleurs comparativement claires, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu une unité de commande (SE) qui, lors de la représentation des caractères (AZ, GZ), transmet à l'unité d'affichage (AE) des signaux de commande (S3) déclenchant un éclaircissage des couleurs comparativement sombres (R, B), et qui bloque l'envoi des signaux de commande (S3) lors de la représentation de modèles graphiques (GM) et/ou d'images de télévision multicolores.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les signaux de commande (S3) accroissent la luminosité des caractères (AZ, GZ) représentés, par adjonction de composantes correspondantes des couleurs de base (R, G, B).
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de commande (SE) accroît la luminosité globale de la représentation sur l'écran lors de la représentation des caractères (AZ, GZ) avec des couleurs (R, G) comparativement sombres, et produit des signaux (S8) à l'aide desquels la luminosité des couleurs comparativement claires représentées est réduite.
4. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel les couleurs devant être représentées sont codées en binaire et dans lequel une mémoire d'images est prévue dans une unité de commande d'images branchée en amont de l'unité d'affichage, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de commande (SE) contient un convertisseur (UM1) qui convertit des premiers mots de code, associés à des couleurs (R, B) comparativement sombres, en des seconds mots de code qui sont associés aux couleurs éclaircies correspondantes.
5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le convertisseur (UM1) est branché en amont d'une mémoire d'images (BSP) dans laquelle les seconds mots de code doivent être mémorisés, à la place des premiers mots de code.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le convertisseur (UM1) est disposé entre la mémoire d'images (BSP) et une mémoire de répétition d'images (BWS).
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité d'affichage (AE) représente les caractères (AZ, GZ) avec une fréquence d'images accrue et que les caractères (AZ. GZ) possédant les couleurs (R, G) comparativement sombres, sont représentés plus souvent que les caractères (AZ, GZ) possédant des couleurs comparativement claires.
8. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de commande (SE) envoie à l'unité d'affichage (AE) des signaux (S8) à l'aide desquels les signaux de luminosité sont bloqués périodiquement pendant un bref intervalle de temps lors de la représentation des caractères (AZ, GZ) avec des couleurs comparativement claires.
9. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité de commande (SE) produit des signaux (S3, S8), qui, lors de la représentation des caractères (AZ, GZ) avec les couleurs (R, B) comparativement sombres, déclenche une représentation, sur l'unité d'affichage (AE), avec un nombre de points lumineux plus conséquent que dans le cas de la représentation des caractères (AZ, GZ) avec les couleurs comparativement claires.
EP19810109428 1981-03-27 1981-10-30 Dispositif d'affichage de caractères sur un écran Expired EP0062702B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3112249 1981-03-27
DE19813112249 DE3112249C2 (de) 1981-03-27 1981-03-27 Anordnung zum Darstellen von Zeichen an einem Bildschirm

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0062702A1 EP0062702A1 (fr) 1982-10-20
EP0062702B1 true EP0062702B1 (fr) 1985-10-09

Family

ID=6128524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810109428 Expired EP0062702B1 (fr) 1981-03-27 1981-10-30 Dispositif d'affichage de caractères sur un écran

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EP (1) EP0062702B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1200631A (fr)
DE (1) DE3112249C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4965825A (en) 1981-11-03 1990-10-23 The Personalized Mass Media Corporation Signal processing apparatus and methods
US7831204B1 (en) 1981-11-03 2010-11-09 Personalized Media Communications, Llc Signal processing apparatus and methods
USRE47642E1 (en) 1981-11-03 2019-10-08 Personalized Media Communications LLC Signal processing apparatus and methods
US4931785A (en) * 1986-06-17 1990-06-05 Ascii Corporation Display apparatus
US5140312A (en) * 1986-06-17 1992-08-18 Ascii Corporation Display apparatus
NL8603180A (nl) * 1986-12-15 1988-07-01 Philips Nv Meerkleurenafbeeldinrichting, voorzien van een beheerinrichting voor kleurselektie.
US5339094A (en) * 1987-08-11 1994-08-16 Murrell Nicholas J VDU line marker
DE3910486C2 (de) * 1989-03-31 1996-10-02 Siemens Ag Echtzeitverfahren zur Darstellung von Farbinformationen auf Schwarzweißmonitoren
JP3025809B2 (ja) * 1989-08-11 2000-03-27 インターナシヨナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーシヨン 表示装置
DE4029163C1 (fr) * 1990-09-14 1992-01-02 Grundig E.M.V. Elektro-Mechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig Hollaend. Stiftung & Co Kg, 8510 Fuerth, De
JPH0573249A (ja) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-26 Toshiba Corp 表示制御装置

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3829613A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-08-13 Cit Alcatel Color intensity control system
DE2803746C2 (de) * 1978-01-28 1980-06-26 Saba Gmbh, 7730 Villingen Schaltungsanordnung zum Einblenden von Zeichen in verschiedenen Farben auf dem Bildschirm eines Sichtgerätes
US4218698A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-08-19 Rca Corporation TV Graphics and mixing control
DE2829431C3 (de) * 1978-07-05 1981-11-19 Saba Gmbh, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen Schaltungsanordnung zum Einblenden von Zeichen in verschiedenen Farben auf dem Bildschirm eines Sichtgerätes
DE2946953C2 (de) * 1979-11-21 1984-08-23 Loewe Opta Gmbh, 8640 Kronach Farbmonitor mit einer Schaltungsanordnung zur Einblendung farbiger alphanumerischer Zeichen und/oder graphischer Symbole

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0062702A1 (fr) 1982-10-20
CA1200631A (fr) 1986-02-11
DE3112249C2 (de) 1986-09-18
DE3112249A1 (de) 1982-10-07

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