EP0064568B1 - Procédé pour le traitement d'une structure fibreuse - Google Patents

Procédé pour le traitement d'une structure fibreuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0064568B1
EP0064568B1 EP19810103658 EP81103658A EP0064568B1 EP 0064568 B1 EP0064568 B1 EP 0064568B1 EP 19810103658 EP19810103658 EP 19810103658 EP 81103658 A EP81103658 A EP 81103658A EP 0064568 B1 EP0064568 B1 EP 0064568B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
polyester
treatment
fibers
fibrous structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810103658
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0064568A1 (fr
Inventor
Kazuya Hayashi
Masato Shimada
Teruo Nakamura
Yoshihiro Fujii
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
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Publication date
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Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Priority to DE8181103658T priority Critical patent/DE3166794D1/de
Priority to EP19810103658 priority patent/EP0064568B1/fr
Publication of EP0064568A1 publication Critical patent/EP0064568A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
    • D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the treatment of a fibrous structure containing polyester.
  • alkali treatment develops a soft handle (in the meaning of grip and/or feeling) of said polyester fibrous structure by partial dissolution and removal of fiber material; Said alkali treatment is primarily important for the manufacture of polyester fibrous structures comprising essentially one type of polyester. Furthermore, it is known that the treatment of a fiber mixture consisting of alkali easily'soluble fibers and of alkali hardly soluble fibers with alkali can lead to an excellent soft handle by dissolution and removal of the easily soluble fibers.
  • conjugated (composite) fibers consisting of an alkali easily soluble component and of an alkali hardly soluble component in order to remove one component thereof and to obtain micro (ultra) fine and/or special shaped fibers.
  • the laid-open Japanese patent application 55-76110 concerns the production of polyamide split yarn and discloses a conjugate fiber comprising a polyamide component and a splitting component.
  • Said splitting component is a polyester containing 2.4 mol-% or more, preferably 3 to 30 mol-% of ethylene 5-sodiumsulfoiso- phthalate and 70 mol-% or more ethylene terephthalate units.
  • Said splitting component divides the polyamide component into several sections, and said conjugate fiber is treated with an aqueous alkali to dissolve the polyester component, thus giving polyamide split yarns.
  • the laid-open Japanese patent application 55-51820 discloses a similar approach to produce a polyester split fiber.
  • Conjugate spinning is carried out using (a) a polyester containing more than 3 mol-% of ethylene 5- sodium sulfoisophthalate unit and more than 80 mol-% of ethylene terephthalate unit as the readily eluted component A and (b) a polyester containing more than 80 mol-% of ethylene terephthalate unit as hard-eluted component to give conjugate fiber with cross-section capable of being readily split.
  • the conjugate fibers are woven and then treated with a dilute alkali to elute the splitting component A, thus giving said polyester split fibers.
  • said type of alkali treatment does not only need considerably long time in order to completely dissolve the easily soluble fibers, but also may attack the hardly soluble fibers in some extent; especially in case of hardly soluble fibers comprising polyester said alkali treatment may lead to an unexpected deterioration of the physical properties of the hardly soluble polyester fibers.
  • somebody tries to shorten the period of treatment by making the easily soluble fibers still more soluble in alkali the resulting very easily soluble fibers cannot withstand the conventional conditions during mixing blending, knitting and weaving processes due to a deterioration of their physical properties.
  • said very easily soluble fibers suffer from certain difficulties during the fiber spinning (extruding) process. At present, this latter method is not practically applied, though an outstanding soft handle can be obtained.
  • the present invention provides a process for the treatment of a fibrous structure which structure comprises two components or more, at least one component thereof is a polyester containing S0 3 M groups wherein M represents hydrogen or a metal, which process includes a pre-treatment of the fibrous structure with a degrading agent for said certain polyester prior to the further treatment for the removal of said certain polyester by a treatment with an alkaline reagent (alkali treatment).
  • the process according to the present invention results not only in soft and bonny polyester fibrous structure with sufficient resilience but also enhance this the efficiency of the alkali treatment.
  • the term "fibrous structure" is intended to include the whole fiber itself and processed goods such as yarn, staple fiber, tow, top, woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric, made from those fibers. Every type of said fibrous structure may contain finishing agents such as silicone resin, melamine resin and urethane resin.
  • the fibrous structure comprises two components or more at least one thereof is a polyester containing S0 3 M groups wherein M represents hydrogen or a metal.
  • the arrangement of said components within the fibrous structure includes mixtures of these separately spun components obtained by subsequent mixing or blending processes or the like.
  • Another type of arrangement is a fibrous structure formed from conjugated fibers consisting of said two or more components one of which is a S0 3 M group containing polyester.
  • a further type of arrangement comprises a fibrous structure obtained by mixing conjugated fibers and ordinary fibers, In other words, there are several types of the fibrous structure containing as the removable component a S0 3 M group containing polyester together with one or more other component(s) and the present invention is not limited to any particular arrangement of said components.
  • the components A represents the easily soluble component which should be removed by the alkali treatment.
  • the sea component A is generally the easily soluble component.
  • the easily soluble polyester component which should be removed by the alkali treatment is a polyester containing S0 3 M groups wherein M represents a metal, particularly an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or the hydrogen atom.
  • M represents a metal, particularly an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or the hydrogen atom.
  • the one or more other component(s) forming the fibrous structure can be selected from synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide and polyacryl fibers or from semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate fibers, regenerated fibers such as rayon fibers and/or from natural fibers such as cotton, wool and silk fibers, the material of all of said fibers is rather more hardly soluble with respect to the alkaline reagent than the easily soluble polyester component which should be removed by the alkali treatment.
  • the benefits of the present invention are particularly remarkable in connection with polyester fibers which actually are hardly soluble but not highly resistant with respect to the alkaline reagent and the conditions used in the alkali treatment.
  • the alkali treatment results in a hydrolysis of the selected polyester with an alkaline reagent.
  • Good results may be obtained with an alkali treatment using the following conditions: (1) maintaining the fibrous structure for 30-120 min within a boiling aqueous solution of an alkaline reagent such as for example sodium hydroxide, or (2) impregnating the fibrous structure with an alkaline reagent and maintaining the impregnated fibrous structure for 10-30 hours at 40-60°C or (3) impregnating the fibrous structure with an alkaline reagent and allowing the action of dry heat or superheated steam for 1-5 min at 130-200°C.
  • an alkaline reagent such as for example sodium hydroxide
  • the alkaline reagent for the alkali treatment can be selected from typical and known alkaline substances such as alkali metal hydroxides for example sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and the like or alkaline earth metal hydroxide for example calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide and the like or other basic salts for example sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and the like.
  • alkali metal hydroxides for example sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and the like
  • alkaline earth metal hydroxide for example calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide and the like or other basic salts for example sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and the like.
  • any other suited method for removal of at least one component of the fibrous structure can be applied, provided stable working conditions are maintained and the remaining fiber(s) of the treated fibrous structure remains essentially unaffected.
  • a key feature of the process according to the present invention is the pretreatment of the fibrous structure prior to the mentioned alkali treatment.
  • the intention of said pretreatment is a degrading of the selected polyester which should be removed afterwards.
  • the degrading may yield in a lower average molecular weight of said certain polyester and/or may in any other way promote the effect of the alkali treatment.
  • the degrading agents suited for the pretreatment of polyester in the process of the present invention include for example amines such as ethylenediamine, ethylenetriamine and the like, further monoethanolamine and similar compounds, further zinc salts such as zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate and the like, further oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, and further typical acidic compounds, for example inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like or organic acids, for example formic acid, oxalic acid and the like.
  • Especially acidic compounds have proven to be particularly appropriate, because they selectively degrade the S0 3 M groups containing polyester. Therefore said acidic compounds are preferably used as degrading agents in the pretreatment of the process according to the present invention.
  • the degrading pretreatment can be effected in several ways, for example by the following processes:
  • the degrading pre-treatment is by no way limited to the above-listed methods. Indeed any suited process can be applied which results in a lowering of the average molecular weight of the selected polyester by the action of the degrading agent(s).
  • the treatment with acid in a boiling aqueous solution preferred conditions look for a treatment at a pH-value below 2 for about 30 min at 110-1 40 0 C or at a pH-value of about 3 for 60 min at 110-140 0 C.
  • selected additives to the treating bath for example such as carrier agent, sur-' factant agent or quaternary ammonium salt can even improve the results of the action of the degrading agent.
  • a fabric in taffeta weave has been woven from island-in-the-sea-type fibers (75 denier, 36 filaments) as shown in figure 3, using said fibers for both warp and weft yarn.
  • the specifications of the used fibers are the following:
  • the fabric was immersed in a boiling 1% aqueous sulfuric acid solution for 60 min. Subsequently the alkali treatment was effected in order to completely remove the component A by immersing said pre-treated fabric in a boiling 1.5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution for 4 min. After removal from the alkaline bath and drying the fabric shows a weight reduction in the amount of 30.5%. Thereafter the fabric was dyed using a conventional method. The dyed fabric provided a mild color tone, high water absorption, excellent handle (in the meaning of grip and/or feeling) and was free from the problems originated from yarn slippage and a reduction of yarn tenacity. An investigation of the cross-section of the obtained fibers yields sharp edges such as shown in figure 10.
  • the fabric as mentioned in example 1 has been treated directly with the boiling 1.5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution therefore omitting any degrading pre-treatment with sulfuric acid.
  • the complete removal of the component A took 110 min and yielded a weight reduction of the treated and dried fabric in the amount of 48%. This far higher weight reduction indicates that the alkali treatment does not only remove the component A but also remove in an significant amount the component B.
  • the fabric according to example 1 has been treated in the boiling 1.5 % aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in the additional presence of 0.8% DYK-1125 (a quaternary ammonium salt available from Ippo Co., Ltd.).
  • DYK-1125 a quaternary ammonium salt available from Ippo Co., Ltd.
  • the component A was completely removed in a short period of 15 min.
  • the treated and dried fabric shows a weight reduction in the large amount of 65%, indicating that the component B has been removed in a rather high extent.
  • the process according to the comparative examples 1 and 2 realize the valuable properties of the inventive treated product in a far less amount.
  • the fibers obtained by the comparative examples 1 and 2 show a fiber cross-section in some extent as shown in figures 11 and 12, indicating that the original shape of component B has been deformed.
  • said fabric was immersed in a boiling 0.5% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution for 60 min.
  • the subsequent alkali treatment for completely removal of the polyester component was effected by immersing the pre-treated fabric in a boiling 0.1% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution for 35 min. Thereafter the fabric was dyed by a conventional method.
  • the obtained wool fabric showed an outstanding capability connected with an excellent handle.
  • a sample hosiery was prepared by knitting island-in-the-sea-type fibers (225 denier, 24 filaments) having a cross-section as shown in figure 1.
  • the specifications of the used fibers are as follows:
  • the degrading pretreatment of said sample hosiery was effected by immersing said hosiery in a 10% aqueous phosphoric acid solution for 30 min at 130°C.
  • the subsequent alkali treatment was effected by introducing the pre-treated sample in a boiling 1.5 % aqueous sodium hydroxide solution for 4 min.
  • the combined results of both treatments is a complete removal of the component A and a final product comprising a beautiful hosiery knit consisting of micro fine fibers.
  • the weight reduction amounts 22.2 %.
  • An investigation of the cross-section of the remaining micro fine fibers proved that the island portions have not been reduced substantially; the tenacity of these micro fine fibers amount 730 g/filament.
  • a further sample of the same hosiery as used in example 3 was treated directly in the boiling 1.5 % aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, therefore omitting any degrading pre-treatment with aqueous phosphoric acid soluton.
  • an alkali treatment period as long as 150 min was necessary.
  • Said long alkali treatment yielded in a weight reduction of 44.0 %, proving a significant removal of polyethylene terephthalate microfine fibers.
  • a weight loss of the micro fine fibers in an average value of approximately 30 % has been established.
  • the tenacity of the remaining micro fine fibers has been decreased as low as 330 g/filament.
  • micro fine fibers obtained by the process of the present invention according to the example 3 showed a uniform fiber thickness of 0.2 den, while the respective micro fine fibers obtained according to the comparative example 5 showed a large fluctuation of fiber thickness in the range of 0.1-0.2 den.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour la traitement d'une structure fibreuse, cette structure comprenant deux composants ou dadvantage, au moins un composant comprenant un polyester contenant des groupes S03M, où M représente l'hydrogène ou un métal, pour retirer le composant de polyester, caractérisé en ce que le traitement d'enlèvement est effectué par l'action d'un réactif alcalin et, avant le traitement d'enlèvement, on prévoit un pré-traitement de la structure fibreuse avec un agent de dégradation pour le polyester.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'agent de dégradation comprend un milieu acide.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le milieu acide est un acide minéral.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'acide minéral est utilisé sous la forme d'une solution aqueuse diluée à l'ébullition.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 4, dans lequel la structure fibreuse comprend un mélange de deux ou davantage types de fibres de polyester, se composant de différentes compositions de polyester.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la structure fibreuse comprend des fibres à composants multiples, fabriquées à partir de deux ou davantage composants de polyester ayant différentes compositions de polyester.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la fibre à composants multiples fournit plusieurs noyaux (parties centrales) dans la section transversale de fibre, et le polyester contenant des groupes S03M forme la matière entre les noyaux.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel la fibre à composants multiples comprend au moins 5 noyaux dans la section transversale de fibre.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel la fibre à composants multiples comprend au moins 10 noyaux dans ia structure transversale de fibre.
EP19810103658 1981-05-12 1981-05-12 Procédé pour le traitement d'une structure fibreuse Expired EP0064568B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8181103658T DE3166794D1 (en) 1981-05-12 1981-05-12 A process for the treatment of a fibrous structure
EP19810103658 EP0064568B1 (fr) 1981-05-12 1981-05-12 Procédé pour le traitement d'une structure fibreuse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19810103658 EP0064568B1 (fr) 1981-05-12 1981-05-12 Procédé pour le traitement d'une structure fibreuse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0064568A1 EP0064568A1 (fr) 1982-11-17
EP0064568B1 true EP0064568B1 (fr) 1984-10-24

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ID=8187707

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EP19810103658 Expired EP0064568B1 (fr) 1981-05-12 1981-05-12 Procédé pour le traitement d'une structure fibreuse

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DE (1) DE3166794D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5059482A (en) * 1988-09-13 1991-10-22 Kuraray Company, Ltd. Composite fiber and process for producing the same

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1306974A (en) * 1970-07-16 1973-02-14 Toray Industries Synthetic fine filament bundle and island-in-a-sea- type composite filament usable for manufacturing the bundle and processes of manufacturing the same
JPS5013849B2 (fr) * 1973-04-05 1975-05-23
US4118529A (en) * 1975-07-14 1978-10-03 Kuraray Company, Limited Suede woven fabric and a process of manufacturing the same
JPS5551820A (en) * 1978-09-14 1980-04-15 Toray Ind Inc Production of polyester split fiber
JPS5576110A (en) * 1978-12-01 1980-06-09 Toray Ind Inc Production of polyamide split yarn

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Publication number Publication date
EP0064568A1 (fr) 1982-11-17
DE3166794D1 (en) 1984-11-29

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