EP0068942B1 - Vorrichtung für die Bewegungsbegrenzung einer Anlage unter Druck - Google Patents

Vorrichtung für die Bewegungsbegrenzung einer Anlage unter Druck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068942B1
EP0068942B1 EP82401020A EP82401020A EP0068942B1 EP 0068942 B1 EP0068942 B1 EP 0068942B1 EP 82401020 A EP82401020 A EP 82401020A EP 82401020 A EP82401020 A EP 82401020A EP 0068942 B1 EP0068942 B1 EP 0068942B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary part
movement
braking
rotary
respect
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82401020A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0068942A1 (de
Inventor
Gildas Le Pierres
Bertrand Vatin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vibrachoc SAS
Original Assignee
Vibrachoc SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vibrachoc SAS filed Critical Vibrachoc SAS
Publication of EP0068942A1 publication Critical patent/EP0068942A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0068942B1 publication Critical patent/EP0068942B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L3/00—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
    • F16L3/006—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets for pipes with a rectangular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/02—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together
    • F16F7/04—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/02—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together
    • F16F7/06—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together in a direction perpendicular or inclined to the axis of rotation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a movement limiting device intended to connect structures in a pressure installation, in particular in thermal or nuclear power stations, so as to allow movements of fairly low speed between said structures, for example under the effect of movements specific to thermal dilations but preventing movements from reaching too great a speed, and this thanks to a notable absorption of energy.
  • the device according to the invention is intended to be used to avoid or limit the whipping of a pressure installation structure, such as for example a large diameter pipe, relative to a fixed structure such as a reactor building or body in the event of a sudden pipe failure.
  • a pressure installation structure such as for example a large diameter pipe
  • a fixed structure such as a reactor building or body
  • the device according to the invention is intended to be used to avoid or limit the whipping of a pressure installation structure, such as for example a large diameter pipe, relative to a fixed structure such as a reactor building or body in the event of a sudden pipe failure.
  • a pressure installation structure such as for example a large diameter pipe
  • a fixed structure such as a reactor building or body
  • the device In the first type, above an acceleration or a characteristic threshold speed, the device is completely blocked, and remains blocked as long as a force remains applied.
  • the device brakes the movement without completely blocking it: as long as an effort is applied, there is displacement; it is thus certain that in the event of untimely blocking, the system will unlock by itself.
  • the braking force in mechanical devices is generally a function of acceleration, which limits the use of these materials in the case of alternating forces, for example in the case of an earthquake, or of very short duration. , because under the effect of continuous efforts, they quickly gain significant speed and no longer play their role.
  • Hydraulic devices also work according to this principle, but they have the drawbacks of risk of leakage and, in addition, they must also be sized to avoid too much elasticity due to the compressibility of the fluid.
  • the forces involved are enormous and the dimensions of the materials described above would become very large.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks and to provide a movement-limiting device in pressurized installations such as in particular high-pressure pipes in thermal or nuclear power stations, which makes it possible to effectively limit and control the whipping in the case of very large diameter tubes or pipes under very high pressure developing enormous forces.
  • Another objective of the invention is to produce such a device which never completely blocks.
  • Another objective of the invention is to produce such a device which can brake depending on the speed.
  • Another objective of the invention is to produce such a device which has a limited bulk while allowing a very significant absorption of energy.
  • Another objective of the invention is to produce such a device in which the kinetic energy is absorbed when the device reaches the end of its travel.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device which, even in the case of maintaining the force throughout the useful stroke, is able to mechanically resist destruction when its parts reach the end of the stroke.
  • Yet another objective of the invention is to produce such a device which is of particularly simple design and capable of being operational for very long periods without maintenance in extremely difficult environments.
  • Yet another objective of the invention is to provide such a device which has a relatively low and economical cost price.
  • the subject of the invention is a movement limiting device according to claim 1.
  • the device according to the invention then exerts a braking force sufficient to limit the speed of movement to a value such that, taking into account the moving masses, it can stop said masses at the end of the race without exceeding forces which would cause the links to break.
  • a braking force sufficient to limit the speed of movement to a value such that, taking into account the moving masses, it can stop said masses at the end of the race without exceeding forces which would cause the links to break.
  • said damping means cooperate with said rotary part to cause, at the end of the stroke, a strong braking of the rotary part.
  • Said damping means may include an extremely resilient damper capable of dissipating a great deal of energy during a short stroke.
  • said damping means can advantageously comprise, on the element which moves relative to the rotary part, a friction part normally kept spaced a short distance from a stop secured to the same element by means of '' a deformable element of great stiffness, such as for example a Belleville washer, so that, towards the end of the total stroke, said sliding part comes into contact with the rotary element and begins to rub against it with a force which increases by the progressive deformation of the deformable element so as to finally provide, during the remainder of the stroke, a particularly intense braking force on the rotary element so that one results in a simultaneous progressive stop the movement of the two elements and the rotation of the rotating part, allowing the device according to the invention, without having been destroyed by the end-of-travel impact, to continue to resist, like an element t this time rigid, to a continuation of the movement, and this after having slowed down this movement by dissipating an extremely important energy.
  • a deformable element of great stiffness such as for example a Belleville washer
  • the rotary part is constituted by an internally threaded nut-shaped part and traversed by a fixed threaded rod secured to one of the elements, said rotary part being axially fixed relative to the other element so that the translational movement of the rod causes the rotation of the rotating part.
  • the braking means of the rotary element may consist of friction pieces of the centrifugal type, for example segments capable of sliding radially in the rotary element and of coming to rub against a peripheral cylindrical surface around the rotating element.
  • the rotary part can cooperate with a viscous fluid or material such as a grease interposed in a preferably narrow space between the rotary part and a fixed wall.
  • a viscous fluid or material such as a grease interposed in a preferably narrow space between the rotary part and a fixed wall.
  • the rotary part can for example have a cylindrical outer surface slightly spaced from a cylindrical inner surface of the element with respect to which it is axially wedged.
  • one of the elements has a tubular shape, provided at its end. mite of fixing means on a structure, the other element having, from a fixing means on the other structure, a piece also tubular sliding in the first and carrying, with an axial setting, said rotating piece and braking means cooperating with this tubular part, while the first element carries in its center the threaded rod passing through the thread of the element of the rotary part and preferably carrying, at its two ends, the damping means such as part sliding friction separated from a stop piece secured to the rod by a fairly stiff elastic element such as a Belleville washer.
  • the two elements of the device which can move in translation relative to each other are advantageously immobilized in rotation. This can be obtained in a manner known by a conventional keying system.
  • this result can advantageously be obtained by using, to mount the two elements on their respective structures, ball joints having, transversely to the axis around which the appearing torque develops between the threaded rod and the corresponding nut of the device, a large diameter so as to obtain, by a sort of wedge effect between the ball joint and its seat, and thanks to the very large traction or compression forces exerted on the device, a sufficient friction to take up the torque and prevent rotation between the two elements of the device.
  • a device comprising an element 1 and an element 16.
  • the element 1 has a tubular part 2 rigidly connected, at one of its ends, to a bottom flange 3, having a tab 4 with a through seat 5 for fixing a ball joint, for example to a part 6 of a structure such as a pipe or pipe of large diameter.
  • the flange 3 In its central part, the flange 3 carries an externally threaded rigid rod 7, provided with an end extension 8 and an original part 9 connecting to the flange 3, the rod parts 8 and 9 having, in their most distant ends, two abutment rings 10, respectively 11, axially wedged on the rod 7 of which they are consequently rigidly secured.
  • Two sliding rings 12, 13 are capable of sliding axially on the rod 8 and are kept normally spaced from their respective stop parts 10, 11 by respective Belleville washers 14, 15.
  • the other element 16 also has a tubular part penetrating into the tubular part 2 and slidingly guided therein, for example by a part of larger outside diameter 18, corresponding substantially to the internal diameter of the tubular part 2
  • the part 17 is connected, at its outer end to the element 1, to a flange 19 with a ball joint seat 20 identical to the seat 5.
  • the distance between the two seats 5 and 20 is for example of the order of 1 675 mm, the external diameter of the part 2 being 470 mm.
  • a rotary part 21 in the form of a nut and having an internally threaded central passage through which the threaded rod 7 passes.
  • common helical angle of the threads of parts 7 and 21 is for example of the order of 5 to 20 °.
  • the rotary part or nut 21 is shaped so as to have two planar radial faces 22, 23 and a periphery delimited by two flanges 24, 25 respectively applied against two roller bearings 26, 27 allowing the rotation of the part 21 relative to the tubular part 17 of the element 16 but preventing any relative axial movement.
  • the bearing 26 is wedged against a shoulder 28 of the part 17 while the bearing 27 is wedged by a ring 29 screwed into the internally threaded end of the part 17.
  • the rotary part 21 has an annular channel whose cylindrical bottom 30 is parallel to the internal cylindrical surface of the part 17 in its part 18, this groove being interrupted by three transverse radial extensions 31 integral with the piece 21 and joining the flanges 24, 25 in the manner of the bars of a squirrel cage, so as to divide the groove in three identical cavities with cylindrical bottom each occupied by a friction segment 32 having a general arc-shaped circle.
  • the thickness of each friction segment 32 is slightly less than the distance between the bottom of the cavity which receives it and the tube 17.
  • the pipeline structure 6 When, on the other hand, the structure 6 is subjected, with respect to the other, to an intense acceleration force, for example during the rupture of the pipeline under high pressure, the pipeline structure will move relative to the another structure under the effect of whipping at a very rapidly increasing speed. Under these conditions, the rod 7 is rapidly driven, relative to the rotary part 21, by a rapid translational movement, which will cause the part 21 to rotate at very high speed under the effect of the amplification caused by the very small angle of their common threads. The free segments 32 are then projected, under the effect of centrifugal force, against the wall of the part 17 where they start to rub and provide an intense braking effect with great dissipation of energy.
  • the threaded rod 7 has its speed limited, for example to a value of 50 cm per second for a force of 500 tonnes, so that the whipping movement will be slowed down and controlled. If the pressure in the ruptured tube drops quickly enough, the movement will slow down. If, on the other hand, this pressure is maintained at a high value for a relatively long period, the rotary part 21 will approach, in the direction of movement, the friction ring 12 or the friction ring 13 by its corresponding face 22 or 23.
  • this face for example the face 22, will come into contact with the friction ring 12 locked in rotation relative to the part 8 of the rod 7 so that this ring will exert a force of friction on the face 22 of the rotating part 21 subjected to a high speed of rotation.
  • the sliding part 12 will be progressively brought closer to its stop 10 by progressive deformation of the elastic Belleville washer 14 which, as it deforms, urges the part 12 towards the face 22 of the nut 21 with increasing force so that the braking caused by the friction of the ring 12 against the rotating part 21 will increase.
  • the invention as shown can be the subject of numerous variants.
  • the braking means instead of using centrifugal segments 32, can be made otherwise.
  • the part 21 could be produced in a substantially cylindrical manner at its periphery by interposing between this periphery and the part 17 a viscous grease so as to produce a braking effect rapidly increasing with speed.
  • Other braking means may possibly be used, however simple solutions are preferred, in particular that shown in the drawing because it ensures total reliability for zero maintenance.
  • the annular bearings 39, 40 of the half-seats are arranged on either side of the plane transverse to the rod 33 so that the ball 34 carries on its seat in the vicinity of its surface transversely spaced from the geometric axis of the elements 1 , 16. It can be seen that the half-seats 39, 40 thus form one of the annular zones which are slightly inclined relative to this axis. Consequently, when the device is brought to operate, there is produced, by a kind of wedge effect, a very intense friction force between the ball joint and its seat, and this at each end of the device so that the torque to rotate the element 1 relative to the element 16 is taken up by the two ball joints and the two elements remain angularly stationary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Vorrichtung zur Begrenzung der relativen Bewegung zwischen zwei Strukturen, insbesondere gegen Peitschenbewegungen von plötzlich berstenden Leitungen großen Durchmessers, die unter sehr starkem Druck stehen, bei der ein erstes Element (1), das fest mit einer der Strukturen verbunden ist, eine Translationsbewegung in bezug auf ein zweites, mit der anderen Struktur fest verbundenes Element (16) durchführen kann und die Mittel zur Umwandlung dieser Translationsbewegung in eine sehr schnelle Drehbewegung eines Drehstücks (21) aufweist, das mit Bremsmitteln zusammenwirkt, deren Wirkung sich mit der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit verstärkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel (12, 13) zur kräftigen Dämpfung der Relativbewegung der beiden Elemente (1, 16) zwischen den beiden Elementen (1, 16) angeordnet sind, um gegen das Ende des maximalen Translationshubs eines Elements in bezug auf das andere betätigt zu werden, wobei die Dämpfungsmittel während des größten Teils der gesamten Translationsbewegung inaktiv sind.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dämpfungsmittel (12, 13) mit dem Drehstück (21) zusammenwirken, um am Ende des Translationshubs eine kräftige Bremsung des Drehstücks (21) zu bewirken.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element (1), das sich in bezug auf das Drehstück (21) bewegt, ein Reibungsstück (12, 13) aufweist, das normalerweise in geringer Entfernung von einem Anschlag (10, 11) gehalten wird, der mit dem gleichen Element (1) fest über ein sehr steifes verformbares Element (14, 15) verbunden ist, so daß gegen Ende des gesamten Translationshubs das gleitende Reibungsstück (12, 13) mit dem Drehstück (21) in Berührung kommt und mit einer Kraft dagegen reibt, die mit der progressiven Verformung des verformbaren Elements (14, 15) zunimmt.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Drehstück (21) aus einem Stück in Form einer mit Innengewinde versehenen Mutter besteht, die von einem entsprechenden, mit Gewinde versehenen und fest mit einem der Elemente (1) verbundenen Stab (7) durchquert wird, wobei das Drehstück (21) axial in bezug auf das andere Element (16) festgelegt ist.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bremsmittel des Drehstücks (21) Reibsegmente (32) vom Zentrifugentyp aufweisen, die radial im Drehstück (21) gleiten und an einer festen, peripheren, zylindrischen Oberfläche (18) rund um das Drehstück reiben können.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bremsmittel des Drehstücks (21) ein viskoses Material aufweisen, das in einen engen Raum zwischen dem Drehstück (21) und einer festen Wand eingelegt ist.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche -1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Element (1, 16) einen rohrförmigen Bereich (2,17) aufweist, von dem einer (17) im anderen (2) gleitet.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elemente (1, 16) mit ihren Strukturen durch Kugelgelenke verbunden sind, bei denen der Kugelkopf (34) auf einem Kugelkopfsitz (39, 40) aufliegt, der transversal von der geometrischen Achse der Vorrichtung entfernt ist und in bezug auf diese Achse leicht geneigt ist, um bei Betrieb der Vorrichtung das Drehmoment, das eines der Elemente (1, 16) bezüglich des anderen verdrehen möchte, durch Reibung abzuleiten.
EP82401020A 1981-06-26 1982-06-04 Vorrichtung für die Bewegungsbegrenzung einer Anlage unter Druck Expired EP0068942B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8112629A FR2508580B1 (fr) 1981-06-26 1981-06-26 Dispositif limiteur de mouvement pour installations sous pression
FR8112629 1981-06-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068942A1 EP0068942A1 (de) 1983-01-05
EP0068942B1 true EP0068942B1 (de) 1985-05-15

Family

ID=9259924

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82401020A Expired EP0068942B1 (de) 1981-06-26 1982-06-04 Vorrichtung für die Bewegungsbegrenzung einer Anlage unter Druck

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4474273A (de)
EP (1) EP0068942B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1196350A (de)
DE (1) DE3263511D1 (de)
ES (1) ES513425A0 (de)
FR (1) FR2508580B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202021103880U1 (de) 2021-07-21 2022-11-04 Liebherr-Mischtechnik Gmbh Förderleitungshalterung

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US4526047A (en) * 1982-12-07 1985-07-02 Pacific Scientific Company Energy absorber
GB2166381A (en) * 1984-11-02 1986-05-08 Tecnedil Srl Pneumatic hammer damping device
US6325188B1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-12-04 Chin-Long Wu Linear motion damping device
ITUB20161083A1 (it) * 2016-02-25 2017-08-25 C I M A Compagnia Italiana Molle Acciaio Gabbia per contenere un anello di frizione da utilizzarsi in uno smorzatore per lavatrici ad asse verticale
US10088006B2 (en) * 2016-05-19 2018-10-02 The Boeing Company Rotational inerter and method for damping an actuator
US10107347B2 (en) * 2016-05-19 2018-10-23 The Boeing Company Dual rack and pinion rotational inerter system and method for damping movement of a flight control surface of an aircraft
US10145434B2 (en) * 2016-05-19 2018-12-04 The Boeing Company Translational inerter assembly and method for damping movement of a flight control surface

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CA1117152A (en) * 1977-08-05 1982-01-26 Terrence P. Dowell Snubber assembly
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202021103880U1 (de) 2021-07-21 2022-11-04 Liebherr-Mischtechnik Gmbh Förderleitungshalterung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0068942A1 (de) 1983-01-05
FR2508580B1 (fr) 1985-11-22
ES8402915A1 (es) 1984-02-16
US4474273A (en) 1984-10-02
DE3263511D1 (en) 1985-06-20
ES513425A0 (es) 1984-02-16
FR2508580A1 (fr) 1982-12-31
CA1196350A (en) 1985-11-05

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