EP0074534A2 - Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché - Google Patents

Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074534A2
EP0074534A2 EP82107825A EP82107825A EP0074534A2 EP 0074534 A2 EP0074534 A2 EP 0074534A2 EP 82107825 A EP82107825 A EP 82107825A EP 82107825 A EP82107825 A EP 82107825A EP 0074534 A2 EP0074534 A2 EP 0074534A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
heating medium
moisture content
process stage
stage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82107825A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0074534A3 (en
EP0074534B1 (fr
Inventor
Laszlo Dr. Egri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tamag Basel AG
Original Assignee
Tamag Basel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tamag Basel AG filed Critical Tamag Basel AG
Priority to AT82107825T priority Critical patent/ATE27534T1/de
Publication of EP0074534A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074534A2/fr
Publication of EP0074534A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074534A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074534B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074534B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the main claim and a device intended for carrying out the method.
  • the tobacco is moved in a vibrating fluidized bed. Heating medium flows in through perforations.
  • the gas flow rate is limited by the floating speed of the tobacco particles, which worsens the puffing effect.
  • Flow channels are created in the tobacco mass, which lead to an uneven distribution of moisture and an uneven puffing.
  • US Pat. No. 4,044,780 describes a gas inlet tube for transporting tobacco in warm, humid air.
  • the pipe is provided with an indentation in front of the outlet end in order to accelerate the flow and increase turbulence.
  • Turbulence and flow diversion suffer more fracture, which limits the improvement in filling capacity and generates a high proportion of dust.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned and a device suitable for carrying out the method, with which the volume increase of the impregnated tobacco is carried out much more gently than the known methods until a high filling capacity improvement for the tobacco is achieved was possible. With this gentle treatment of tobacco, there should be as little waste as possible and there should be no noticeable deterioration in quality.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by the method features specified in the characterizing part of the main claim. Surprisingly, it has been shown that over 80% of the increase in volume is achieved in the first process stage, after which the moisture content has only decreased by 5 to 60%.
  • the further treatment of the tobacco in the second stage of the process then takes place much more gently only up to the final moisture content necessary for further processing, with the gently treating the then increasingly drying tobacco reducing waste and largely preventing a deterioration in quality. Because the linear speed and the temperature of the heating medium are significantly reduced in the second process stage, both the energy consumption for the process and the breakage formation in tobacco are reduced.
  • tobacco is treated in the form of cut tobacco ribs and / or cut tobacco leaves, either individually or mixed together.
  • the method features of claim 2 are important for achieving a good puffing effect. During the first stage of the process, so much heat must be transferred to the tobacco in a very short time that the impregnating agent evaporates inside the cells before any significant drying of the cell surfaces or cell walls takes place. The moist tobacco can withstand these speeds without damage.
  • the features of claim 3 are favorable for the second stage of the process, where the tobacco is treated under conditions which have been tempered in this way and in view of its increasing drying.
  • the thermal and mechanical stress on the tobacco is thus noticeably reduced in the second process stage compared to the first process stage.
  • the energy consumption is also lower.
  • the feature of claim 4 is also essential.
  • the tobacco is gently dried over 9/10 of the duration of the process.
  • the process feature of claim 9 is also important so that the volume increase to the desired, large extent is achieved in the first process stage.
  • the temperature drop specified in claim 10 ensures.
  • the tobacco is subjected to both process stages in the respectively predetermined manner if the process features of claims 11 and 12 are taken into account.
  • the method feature of claim 13 in the second method stage can also be advantageous, since, due to the reduced thermal load, the tobacco can also tolerate mechanical movement without any noteworthy damage.
  • the transition from the first process stage to the second process stage can be either continuous or discontinuous. With both alternatives according to claims 1 4 and 1 5 it only has to be ensured that after the first process step the treatment for the tobacco actually takes place in a softer form.
  • the method according to the invention can expediently be carried out in a device as explained in claim 17.
  • the desired dwell or contact time between the tobacco and the heating medium explained at the outset is exactly achieved in the pipe system, a uniform heat transfer to all tobacco particles and nevertheless a gentle movement of the tobacco being ensured.
  • the mixing of the tobacco with the heating medium is particularly refined if the features of claim 18 are realized.
  • the tobacco is passed through the cross-sectional expansion into the drying device, in which it is then treated more gently than in the pipe system.
  • the drying device is formed by a specially designed shaft or, according to claim 2 1, by a drum dryer.
  • a multi-belt dryer is also expedient for the gentle treatment of the tobacco in the second process stage, in which case the tobacco is moved mechanically through the second process stage.
  • a drum dryer can also be used for carrying out the method according to the invention, which has a cross section that increases in the flow direction, the first process stage taking place in an initial part of the drum dryer and the second process stage with a gentler one in the second part of the drum dryer with an increasing cross section Treatment of tobacco is carried out.
  • claim 26 is directed to a further embodiment of the aforementioned device for carrying out the method according to the invention, in which the cross-sectional enlargement of the drum dryer is adapted to the fact that the tobacco becomes increasingly drier on its way through the drum dryer and therefore has to be treated with increasing care.
  • Um the larger the cross-section of the drum dryer is, the t o is the temperature and the velocity of the heating medium is reduced the more.
  • claim 28 is directed to a further advantageous embodiment of such a device, which is particularly simple and powerful.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 The method according to the invention for increasing the volume (puffing) of tobacco, in particular cut tobacco ribs and / or cut tobacco leaves, is carried out in a device which is indicated in various embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 7.
  • a feed line 1 for the shredded tobacco leads via a control element 2 to the inlet area I of a pipe system denoted by 4.
  • a heating medium line 3 is also connected in this area.
  • the pipe system consists (not shown) of a plurality of pipes arranged side by side, the wall of which has protruding recesses 5 and 6 which are rounded inwards. These are offset in the longitudinal direction of the pipe system 4 and form rounded obstacles or baffles.
  • a funnel-shaped extension 7 is connected, which leads to a drying device, here a drum dryer 8.
  • the drum dryer 8 is rotatably supported in bearings 9 and is rotated by a rotary drive, not shown.
  • An outlet designated by 10 Trim serves to discharge the finished tobacco T.
  • the inlet area of the drum dryer 8 is designated III, its outlet area IV.
  • the pipe system 4 has a passage width D between 100 and 120 mm and a length L between 2 and 3 m. From lines 1 and 3, the impregnated tobacco is blown into the pipe system at I. The mixture moves at a linear speed V1 in the direction of the outlet area II. In the widening 7, the speed and the temperature of the heating medium are reduced, so that then only a linear speed V2 is present in the drum dryer 8.
  • the impregnated tobacco is supplied with heat and kinetic energy via the heating medium, as a result of which the impregnating agent contained in its cells suddenly changes to steam and leads to a large increase in volume.
  • the impregnated tobacco has a certain initial moisture content, of which a certain proportion is broken down in the pipe system 4 when the volume is increased, before moisture is then further removed in the drum dryer 8 until the tobacco T in outlet 10 has a predetermined final moisture content .
  • the process for increasing the volume of tobacco takes place in two separate process steps, the first process step taking place in the pipe system 4 and the second process step in the area of the drum dryer 8.
  • the total process time is between 10 seconds and 5 minutes, the first process step being controlled in this way that it expires in 1/10 of the total length of the proceedings.
  • the characteristic temperature, speed and humidity values are given later using examples in connection with this device.
  • the desired volume increase is aimed at an improvement in the filling capacity of the finished tobacco, the treatment of the tobacco being carried out so gently that there is no reduction in quality and only a minimal drop in tobacco dust or breakage.
  • the still relatively moist (approx. 60%) tobacco is exposed to intensive turbulence, while in the second process step gentle drying, combined with a low puffing effect, takes place.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a device suitable for the method according to the invention.
  • a container 11 a predetermined amount of cut tobacco T (here cut Maryland ribs) is moistened with an impregnation agent 12 to a certain moisture content.
  • the container 11 is located in the inlet area I of a pipe system 14.
  • a feed line 13 for a heating medium is also connected to the inlet area I.
  • the inner walls of the pipe system 14 are provided with rounded indentations 15, so that there is an undulating cross-sectional configuration in the pipe system 14.
  • a linear velocity V1 is present in the pipe system 14 when the method is carried out.
  • the outlet area II of the pipe system 14 leads to a schematically indicated separator 16, which can be of any type.
  • a discharge line 17 for the heating medium leads away from the separator 16, while a second connecting line 18 leads to a drying device 19, which here is formed by a specially designed multi-belt dryer with twin-wire belts 21 which run over deflection rollers 20.
  • a heating medium 22 circulates transversely to the direction of movement of the belts 21, which are moved at a speed V2.
  • the inlet of the drying device is designated III.
  • the process for increasing the volume of the tobacco takes place in two process steps, with the separator 16 causing an interruption or separation between the two process steps.
  • the total process time is between 10S. and 5 minutes; the first process stage takes place in a maximum of one tenth of the total process time in the pipe system 14.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • This device consists of a drum dryer 26 with a conical cross-section and a front, narrow dryer section 27 and a section 28 lying further back in the flow direction and increasing in cross section.
  • I In the inlet of the drum dryer 26, designated I, is a line 23 with a control element 24 provided for the tobacco, to which a supply line 25 for the heating medium meets, with which the tobacco can be moved through the drum dryer.
  • the surface of the drum dryer 26 has blowing points 30.
  • the drum dryer 26 is also blown transversely to its longitudinal direction with hot, humid air.
  • section 27 the mixture of heating medium and tobacco flows at a linear speed V1, while at the end II of section 27 up to outlet area III of drum dryer 28 it only has a speed V2 at which tobacco T is discharged from the drum dryer.
  • V1 a linear speed
  • V2 a speed at which tobacco T is discharged from the drum dryer.
  • a predetermined amount of rolled and cut Virginia Ribs is conventionally grown to an initial moisture content of 60 percent by weight damp.
  • the tobacco impregnated in this way is removed from line 1 in the device according to FIG. 1 by means of the heating medium, which here is an air / water vapor mixture with 80 volume percent water vapor, at a linear speed V1 of 50 m / s through the sealing section 4 emotional.
  • the heating medium which here is an air / water vapor mixture with 80 volume percent water vapor, at a linear speed V1 of 50 m / s through the sealing section 4 emotional.
  • the temperature of the heating medium is 205 ° C.
  • the mixture takes an average of 0.3 seconds to the outlet area II. During this period, the volume increase effect expires to approximately 80%.
  • outlet area II the moisture content of the tobacco is only 48 percent by weight.
  • the tobacco is then dried in a drum dryer 8 at a temperature of 1200 ° C. to 140 ° C. in 3 minutes to a final moisture content of 12 to 13 percent by weight, the linear speed V2 of the air / water vapor mixture being approximately 5 m / s.
  • a sieve analysis of the tobacco treated according to the method according to the invention showed a proportion increased by 1.0% by weight through a 0.5 mm mesh sieve compared to the untreated tobacco.
  • the smoke from the treated tobacco was described as slightly sharper than the smoke from the untreated tobacco.
  • a predetermined amount of rolled and cut Maryland tobacco stems were treated in the apparatus of Figure 2 as follows. First, the tobacco was impregnated in the container 11 with an aqueous solution of sodium dihydrogen phosphate until the initial moisture content was 58 percent by weight and the NaH 2 PO 4 content, calculated on the dry weight, was 1.2 percent by weight. The impregnated tobacco was then transported through the pipe system 14 to the separator 16 with the heating medium blown through the line 13, namely a 210 ° C air / water vapor mixture. The tobacco was then finally treated in the drying device 19, the heating medium circulating through the drying device 19 being an air / water vapor mixture with an average of 130 ° C.
  • the linear speed V1 averaged 55 m / s.
  • the average length of stay of the tobacco in the pipe system 14 was 0.4 seconds.
  • the tobacco still had a moisture content of 42% and already showed an improvement in filling capacity of 58%.
  • the heating medium flowed at a linear speed of 6 m / s.
  • the tobacco was in the multi-belt dryer for an average of 2.5 minutes and finally showed a final moisture content of 12.5% with a total filling capacity improvement of 65%.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out with a mixture of cut tobacco leaves and cut tobacco ribs, the tobacco being brought to an initial moisture content of 44% in the usual way beforehand.
  • the impregnated tobacco is then introduced from the line 23 through the heating medium 25 into the drum dryer 26, the cross section of which widens from the beginning to the end to about three times.
  • the average diameter of the tumble dryer is between 1.2 and 1.5 meters.
  • the first quantity A was introduced into the drum dryer at an air temperature of 180 ° C. in area I at a linear speed of 20 m / s. At III the temperature was still 120 ° C and the linear speed was 7 m / s. There was an improvement in filling capacity of 32%.
  • the second quantity B was entered with an air temperature at I of 160 ° C. and a linear speed of 6 m / s, the air temperature in region III still being 130 ° C., while the linear speed was only 2 m / s. This resulted in an improvement in filling capacity of only 8%.
  • a lot of sliced Virginia tobacco ribs were moistened to an initial moisture content of 60 percent by weight and with an air / water vapor mixture stream that was 250 ° C in the inlet through a smooth, 12 meter long space tube bent several times is transported to a cyclone separator at a linear speed of 42 m / s.
  • the tobacco left the plant after a retention time of 2.5 seconds with a final moisture content of 8 percent by weight.
  • the improvement in filling capacity compared to the untreated tobacco was 49%.
  • the proportion of material that passed through the 0.5 mm sieve compared to untreated tobacco was 7 percent by weight.
  • a smokers test showed that the smoke from the treated tobacco was very sharp with a reduced aroma compared to the smoke from the untreated tobacco.
  • FIG. 4 A further embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is indicated in FIG. 4, in which the device part 31 provided for the first method stage is indicated by a dotted line and between an inlet I and an outlet II, which is also the inlet into a drying device 33 , extends.
  • a supply line 1 for the tobacco and a supply line 3 for the heating medium lead to the device part 31.
  • the drying device is formed here by a shaft, the inlet 32 and the outlet is 36.
  • the shaft is designed with a cross section that widens increasingly in the flow direction, for example it has side walls that can be pivoted about pivot bearings 35 in the direction of the double arrows 34.
  • the shaft can either be heated or cooled, as indicated at 37.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out in a stationary pneumatic tube 38, which consists of an initial tube section 39 with a constant cross section and an end tube section 40 that gradually widens in cross section.
  • a line 1 for the tobacco and a line 3 for the heating medium lead to the inlet of the pneumatic tube 38 (area I), designated 41.
  • the tobacco is moved so quickly by heating medium that approximately 80% of the total increase in volume that can be achieved is achieved there.
  • the final, slight increase in volume of the tobacco and its drying to the desired final moisture content take place between the areas II and III, namely the outlet area 42 of the pneumatic tube 38.
  • the pneumatic tube 38 can - as indicated at 43 - be cooled or heated, or have blowing openings (not shown) through which a cooling or heating medium can be blown.
  • the pneumatic tube 38 is stationary at 44.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a device 45 suitable for the method according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
  • 7 is a section in the plane VII-VII in FIG. 6.
  • the device consists of two longitudinally movable sieve belts 46 and 47 which are guided over deflection rollers 48.
  • the sieve belts delimit a tunnel 50 between them, which is closed on both sides of the sieve belts 46, 47 by side seals 49.
  • the height or the clear width of the tunnel 50 is dimensioned such that in an initial area (between I and II) of the device 45 above the tobacco T lying on the lower sieve belt 47, an air space 51 is free, so that the volume increase is not impaired .
  • inlets 52 and 53 Immediately behind the sieve belts 46, 47 are inlets 52 and 53 through which a heating medium is blown into the tunnel 50 (by arrows 55 indicated).
  • the openings in the sieve belts 46 and 47 are designated 54.
  • the device 45 is divided in the longitudinal direction into the first section between I and II and a subsequent section between II and III, a process step being carried out in each of these two sections.
  • the tobacco lies on the lower sieve belt 47, for example, at a height between 2 and 20 cm.
  • Inlets 52 in the first stage of the process produce a hot steam-gas mixture with a temperature of approximately 240 ° C., preferably pulsating, with a relatively high level Blown in speed between 7 and 10 m / s.
  • a steam-gas mixture with a lower steam content and a reduced temperature of 100 to 120 ° C. and a low speed of at most 1 m / s is blown through the device as the heating medium.
  • the volume increase in the tobacco is completed to approximately 80% of the total possible volume increase.
  • the tobacco, which has been increased in volume is then gently dried to the desired final moisture content at a lower temperature and a significantly lower speed of the heating medium and with a reduced steam content.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
EP82107825A 1981-09-16 1982-08-25 Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché Expired EP0074534B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82107825T ATE27534T1 (de) 1981-09-16 1982-08-25 Kontinuierliches zweitstufenverfahren zur volumenvergroesserung von zerkleinertem tabak.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813136842 DE3136842A1 (de) 1981-09-16 1981-09-16 Verfahren zur volumenvergroesserung (puffing) von tabak und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3136842 1981-09-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074534A2 true EP0074534A2 (fr) 1983-03-23
EP0074534A3 EP0074534A3 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0074534B1 EP0074534B1 (fr) 1987-06-03

Family

ID=6141854

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82107825A Expired EP0074534B1 (fr) 1981-09-16 1982-08-25 Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4646760A (fr)
EP (1) EP0074534B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE27534T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1213810A (fr)
DE (2) DE3136842A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4766912A (en) * 1983-04-23 1988-08-30 Korber Ag Method and apparatus for puffing tobacco

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH683226A5 (de) * 1991-12-09 1994-02-15 Egri Laszlo Expandieren und Trocknen von Tabak.
US5755238A (en) * 1996-10-17 1998-05-26 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Method and apparatus for low residence time redrying of tobacco
GB9922746D0 (en) * 1999-09-24 1999-11-24 Rothmans International Ltd Tobacco processing
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
EP2745716A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 Philip Morris Products S.A. Procédé et appareil pour étendre un produit contenant de l'amidon

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE790758A (fr) * 1971-11-04 1973-02-15 Philip Morris Inc Procede pour augmenter le volume des tiges de tabac
US4044780A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-08-30 American Brands, Inc. Apparatus for total blend expansion
AU509708B2 (en) * 1976-07-15 1980-05-22 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Producing expanded tobacco from whole tobacco stems
US4167191A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-09-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Tobacco drying process
DE3037885C2 (de) * 1980-10-07 1988-03-03 Tamag Basel AG, 4127 Birsfelden Verfahren zur Volumenvergrößerung von zerkleinerten Tabakrippen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US4388932A (en) * 1980-12-31 1983-06-21 Philip Morris, Incorporated Process for improving filling power of expanded tobacco

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4766912A (en) * 1983-04-23 1988-08-30 Korber Ag Method and apparatus for puffing tobacco

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4646760A (en) 1987-03-03
ATE27534T1 (de) 1987-06-15
CA1213810A (fr) 1986-11-12
EP0074534A3 (en) 1983-06-22
DE3136842A1 (de) 1983-04-07
EP0074534B1 (fr) 1987-06-03
DE3276465D1 (en) 1987-07-09

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