EP0074534B1 - Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché - Google Patents

Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074534B1
EP0074534B1 EP82107825A EP82107825A EP0074534B1 EP 0074534 B1 EP0074534 B1 EP 0074534B1 EP 82107825 A EP82107825 A EP 82107825A EP 82107825 A EP82107825 A EP 82107825A EP 0074534 B1 EP0074534 B1 EP 0074534B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
moisture content
process step
heating
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82107825A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0074534A3 (en
EP0074534A2 (fr
Inventor
Laszlo Dr. Egri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tamag Basel AG
Original Assignee
Tamag Basel AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tamag Basel AG filed Critical Tamag Basel AG
Priority to AT82107825T priority Critical patent/ATE27534T1/de
Publication of EP0074534A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074534A2/fr
Publication of EP0074534A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074534A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074534B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074534B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous two-stage process for increasing the volume of shredded tobacco, in which the tobacco impregnated with an impregnating agent containing at least water to an initial moisture content of at least 35 percent by weight with pneumatic conveyance and movement by means of a gaseous heating and transport medium containing water vapor, the temperature of which is at least 130 ° C and at most 280 ° C is expanded into a first process stage (expansion stage) while lowering its moisture content by 5 to 60 percent by weight, based on the initial moisture content, and achieving an expansion effect of at least 80% of the expansion effect achievable during the entire process, and in which the expanded shredded tobacco in a second process stage (drying stage), in which the temperature of the heating and transport medium by at least 10% and at most 50% compared to the temperature in the first th process stage is reduced to a final moisture content of 10 to 13 percent by weight, the total duration of both process stages being at least 10 seconds and at most 5 minutes.
  • the tobacco is moved in a vibrating fluidized bed. Heating medium flows in through perforations.
  • the gas flow rate is limited by the floating speed of the tobacco particles, which worsens the expansion effect.
  • Flow channels are created in the tobacco mass, which lead to an uneven distribution of moisture and an uneven increase in volume.
  • the initial moisture content of the tobacco is over 35% and the volume increase is carried out in one continuous process step under practically unchanged conditions. Cyclones are used to separate the tobacco from the air and / or for even drying.
  • the final moisture content of the tobacco after such drastic processes is about 2%, since the extreme expansion conditions are maintained even when drying. As a result, the final quality of the tobacco is further impaired and the resulting waste is further increased.
  • a pipe having gas inlets is used to increase the volume, in which the tobacco is transported in warm, humid air and which has an indentation in front of the outlet end in order to accelerate the flow there and to increase turbulence.
  • This does result better heat transfer during drying, however, at the same time leads to the tobacco particles in the largely dried state suffering more breakage at increased speed due to the turbulence and flow deflections, which limits the improvement in filling capacity and generates a high proportion of dust.
  • DE-A-3 037 885 describes a process for increasing the volume of shredded tobacco stems, in which the tobacco stems brought with an impregnating agent containing at least water to a water content of at least 45 percent by weight are puffed with a water vapor-containing gaseous heating and transport medium and then puffed onto one Final moisture content of at least 12.5 percent by weight can be brought, the total process time is preferably 10 to 20 seconds.
  • This process is carried out with the aid of pneumatic conveying as a continuous two-stage process (expansion stage and drying stage), the temperature of the medium in the expansion zone preferably being 150 to 180 ° C. and in the drying zone preferably 110 to 150 ° C.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a method by which the volume increase of impregnated tobacco can be achieved much more gently until a very high filling capacity improvement for tobacco is achieved than according to the known methods, so that as little waste as possible with optimum filling capacity improvement arises and there is no noticeable deterioration in quality.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a process of the type mentioned at the outset by maintaining the linear speed of the heating and transport medium at 7 to 70 m / s in the first process step and by changing the linear speed of the heating and transport medium in the second process step 10% to 95% less than the speed in the first stage of the process.
  • the inventive method is preferably carried out so that one of the performing the linear velocity in the first stage heating and transport medium to 30 to 60 m / s holds and this stage, preferably by more than 1/10 of the total duration of first and second process stage.
  • the measures according to the invention achieve more than 80% of the volume increase in the first process stage, after which the moisture content has only decreased by 5 to 60%.
  • the further treatment of the tobacco in the second stage of the process then takes place much more gently only up to the final moisture content necessary for further processing, waste and deterioration in quality being largely prevented by the gentler treatment of the then increasingly tobacco drying. Because the linear speed (and also the temperature) of the heating and transport medium is significantly reduced in the second stage, both the energy consumption for the process and the breakage formation in tobacco are reduced even further.
  • tobacco is treated in the form of cut tobacco ribs and / or cut tobacco leaves, either individually or mixed together.
  • the special features of the second process stage ensure that the thermal and mechanical stress on the tobacco, which has already been largely dried, is noticeably reduced compared to the first process stage. In addition, the energy consumption is then significantly lower.
  • the impregnating agent preferably also contains orthophosphoric acid and / or a sodium salt and / or ammonium salt thereof in an amount of preferably 0.1 to 2.0 percent by weight, based on the dry weight of the tobacco.
  • Aluminum sulfate in particular leads to improved ultimate stability against collapse in cut tobacco leaves, while water is an inexpensive impregnation agent.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 The method according to the invention for increasing the volume (puffing) of tobacco, in particular cut tobacco ribs and / or cut tobacco leaves, is carried out in a device which is indicated in various embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 7.
  • a feed line 1 for the shredded tobacco leads via a control element 2 to the inlet area of a pipe system denoted by 4.
  • a heating medium line 3 is also connected in this area.
  • the pipe system consists (not shown) of a plurality of pipes arranged side by side, the wall of which has protruding recesses 5 and 6 which are rounded inwards. These are offset in the longitudinal direction of the pipe system 4 and form rounded obstacles or baffles.
  • a funnel-shaped extension 7 is connected in the outlet area II of the pipe system 4 and leads to a drying device, here a drum dryer 8.
  • the drum dryer 8 is rotatably supported in bearings 9 and is rotated by a rotary drive, not shown.
  • An outlet nozzle designated 10 serves to discharge the finished tobacco T.
  • the inlet area of the drum dryer 8 is designated 111, its outlet area IV.
  • the pipe system 4 has a passage width D between 100 and 120 mm and a length L between 2 and 3 m.
  • the impregnated tobacco is blown into the pipe system at I from lines 1 and 3.
  • the mixture moves at a linear speed V1 towards the outlet area II.
  • the speed and the temperature of the heating medium are reduced, so that the drum dryer 8 then only has a linear speed V2.
  • the impregnated tobacco is supplied with heat and kinetic energy via the heating medium, as a result of which the impregnation agent contained in its cells suddenly changes into steam and leads to a large increase in volume.
  • the impregnated tobacco has a certain initial moisture content, of which a certain proportion is broken down in the pipe system 4 when the volume is increased, before moisture is then further removed in the drum dryer 8 until the tobacco T in the outlet 10 has a predetermined final moisture content .
  • the process for increasing the volume of tobacco takes place in two separate process steps, the first process step taking place in the pipe system 4 and the second process step in the area of the drum dryer 8.
  • the total process time is between 10 seconds and 5 minutes;
  • the first stage of the process is controlled in such a way that it takes 1/10 of the total duration of the process.
  • the characteristic temperature, speed and humidity values are given later using examples in connection with this device.
  • the aim of increasing the volume is to improve the filling capacity of the finished tobacco, whereby the tobacco treatment is carried out so gently that there is no reduction in quality and only a minimal drop in tobacco dust or breakage.
  • the still relatively moist (approx. 60%) tobacco is exposed to intensive turbulence, while in the second process step gentle drying, combined with a low puffing effect, takes place.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a device suitable for the method according to the invention.
  • a container 11 a predetermined amount of cut tobacco T (here cut Maryland ribs) is moistened with an impregnation agent 12 to a certain moisture content.
  • the container 11 is located in the inlet area of a pipe system 14.
  • a feed line 13 for a heating medium is also connected to the inlet area.
  • the inner walls of the pipe system 14 are provided with rounded indentations 15, so that a wavy cross-sectional configuration results in the pipe system 14.
  • a linear velocity V1 is present in the pipe system 14 when the method is carried out.
  • the outlet area II of the pipe system 14 leads to a schematically indicated separator 16, which can be of any design.
  • a discharge line 17 for the heating medium leads away from the separator 16, while a second connecting line 18 leads to a drying device 19, which here is formed by a specially designed multi-belt dryer with twin-wire belts 21 which run over deflection rollers 20.
  • a heating medium 22 circulates transversely to the direction of movement of the belts 21, which are moved at a speed V2.
  • the inlet of the drying device is designated 111.
  • the process for increasing the volume of the tobacco takes place in two process stages, the separator 16 causing an interruption or separation between the two process stages. Again, the total duration of the proceedings is between 10 p. And 5 minutes; the first process stage takes place in a maximum of one tenth of the total process time in the pipe system 14.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • This device consists of a drum dryer 26 with a conical shape in cross section and a front, narrow dryer section 27 and a section 28 lying further back in the flow direction and increasing in cross section
  • a line 23 is provided with a regulating element 24 for the tobacco, to which a feed line 25 for the heating medium joins, with which the tobacco can be moved through the drum dryer.
  • the surface of the drum dryer 26 has blowing points 30.
  • the drum dryer 26 is also blown transversely to its longitudinal direction with hot, humid air.
  • section 27 the mixture of heating medium and tobacco flows at a linear speed V1, while at the end 11 of section 27 up to the outlet area III of the drum dryer 28 it only has a speed V2 at which the tobacco T is discharged from the drum dryer.
  • V1 linear speed
  • a predetermined amount of rolled and cut Virginia Ribs are moistened in a conventional manner to an initial moisture content of 60 percent by weight.
  • the tobacco impregnated in this way is removed from line 1 in the device according to FIG. 1 by means of the heating medium, which here is an air / water vapor mixture with 80 volume percent water vapor, at a linear speed V1 of 50 m / s through the pipe section 4 emotional.
  • the heating medium which here is an air / water vapor mixture with 80 volume percent water vapor, at a linear speed V1 of 50 m / s through the pipe section 4 emotional.
  • the temperature of the heating medium is 205 ° C.
  • the mixture takes an average of 0.3 seconds to the outlet area II. During this period, the volume increase effect expires to approximately 80%.
  • the moisture content of the tobacco is only 48 percent by weight.
  • the tobacco is then dried in a drum dryer 8 at a temperature of 120 ° C. to 140 ° C. in 3 minutes to a final moisture content of 12 to 13 percent by weight, the linear speed V2 of the air / water vapor mixture being approximately 5 m / s .
  • a sieve analysis of the tobacco treated according to the method according to the invention showed a proportion increased by 1.0 percent by weight through a 0.5 mm mesh sieve compared to the untreated tobacco.
  • the smoke from the treated tobacco was described as slightly sharper than the smoke from the untreated tobacco.
  • a predetermined amount of rolled and cut Maryland tobacco ribs was treated in the device according to FIG. 2 as follows. First, the tobacco was impregnated in the container 11 with an aqueous solution of sodium dihydrogen phosphate until the initial moisture content was 58 percent by weight and the NaH 2 PO 4 content, calculated on the dry weight, was 1.2 percent by weight. The impregnated tobacco was then transported through the pipe system 14 to the separator 16 with the heating medium blown through the line 13, namely a 210 ° C. hot air / water vapor mixture. The tobacco was then finally treated in the drying device 19, the heating medium circulating through the drying device 19 being an air / water vapor mixture with an average of 130 ° C.
  • the linear speed V1 averaged 55 m / s.
  • the average length of stay of the tobacco in the pipe system 14 was 0.4 seconds.
  • the tobacco still had a moisture content of 42% and already showed an improvement in filling capacity of 58%.
  • the heating medium flowed at a linear speed of 6 m / s.
  • the tobacco was in the multi-belt dryer for an average of 2.5 minutes and finally showed a final moisture content of 12.5% with a total filling capacity improvement of 65%.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out with a mixture of cut tobacco leaves and cut tobacco ribs, the tobacco being brought to an initial moisture content of 44% in the usual way beforehand.
  • the impregnated tobacco is then introduced from the line 23 through the heating medium 25 into the drum dryer 26, the cross section of which widens from the beginning to the end to about three times.
  • the average diameter of the tumble dryer is between 1.2 and 1.5 meters.
  • the first quantity A was introduced into the drum dryer at an air temperature of 180 ° C. in area I at a linear speed of 20 m / s. At III the temperature was still 120 ° C and the linear speed was 7 m / s. There was an improvement in filling capacity of 32%.
  • the second quantity B was entered with an air temperature of 160 ° C. and a linear speed of 6 m / s, the air temperature in the region 111 still being 130 ° C., while the linear speed was only higher Was 2 m / s. This resulted in an improvement in filling capacity of only 8%.
  • FIG. 4 A further embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is indicated in FIG. 4, in which the device part 31 provided for the first method stage is indicated by a dotted line and between an inlet I and an outlet II, which is also the inlet into a drying device 33 , extends.
  • a supply line 1 for the tobacco and a supply line 3 for the heating medium lead to the device part 31.
  • the drying device is formed by a shaft, the inlet of which is 32 and the outlet of which is 36.
  • the shaft is designed with a cross section that widens increasingly in the flow direction, for example it has side walls that can be pivoted about pivot bearings 35 in the direction of the double arrows 34.
  • the shaft can either be heated or cooled, as indicated at 37.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out in a stationary pneumatic tube 38, which consists of an initial tube section 39 with a constant cross section and an end tube section 40 which gradually widens in cross section.
  • a line 1 for the tobacco and a line 3 for the heating medium lead to the inlet of the pneumatic tube 38 (area I), designated 41.
  • the tobacco is moved so quickly by heating medium that approximately 80% of the total increase in volume that can be achieved is achieved there.
  • the final, small increase in volume of the tobacco and its drying to the desired final moisture content take place between the areas II and 111, namely the outlet area 42 of the pneumatic tube 38.
  • the pneumatic tube 38 can be cooled or heated, or have injection openings (not shown) through which a cooling or heating medium can be blown.
  • the pneumatic tube 38 is stationary at 44.
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a device 45 suitable for the method according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
  • Fig. 7 is a section in the plane VII-VII in Fig. 6.
  • the device consists of two longitudinally movable sieve belts 46 and 47, which are guided over deflection rollers 48.
  • the sieve belts delimit a tunnel 50 between them, which is closed on both sides of the sieve belts 46, 47 by side seals 49.
  • the height or the clear width of the tunnel 50 is dimensioned such that in an initial area (between 1 and II) of the device 45, an air space 51 is free above the tobacco T lying on the lower sieve belt 47, so that the increase in volume is not impaired .
  • the openings in the sieve belts 46 and 47 are designated 54.
  • the device 45 is divided in the longitudinal direction into the first section between and II and a subsequent section between II and III, a process step being carried out in each of these two sections.
  • the tobacco lies on the lower sieve belt 47, for example at a height between 2 and 20 cm.
  • a hot steam-gas mixture with a temperature of approximately 240 ° C., preferably pulsating, is blown through the inlets 52 at a relatively high speed between 7 and 10 m / s.
  • a steam-gas mixture with a lower steam content and a reduced temperature of 100 to 120 ° C. and a low speed of at most 1 m / s is blown through the device as the heating medium.
  • the volume increase is completed to approximately 80% of the total possible volume increase in the moist tobacco.
  • the tobacco, which has been increased in volume is then gently dried to the desired final moisture content at a lower temperature and a significantly lower speed of the heating medium and at a reduced steam content.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Procédé continu en deux étapes pour augmenter le volume de tabac fractionné, au cours duquel le tabac imprégné à une teneur en humidité initiale d'au moins 35% en poids est gonflé par un agent d'imprégnation contenant au moins de l'eau pendant une première étape du procédé, l'étape de l'expansion, alors qu'il est transporté par un dispositif pneumatique et agité au moyen d'un agent de transport et de chauffage gazeux contenant de la vapeur d'eau et dont la température s'élève au moins à 130°C et au plus à 280°C, sa teneur en humidité étant réduite de 5 jusqu'à 60% en poids par rapport à la teneur en humidité initiale et un effet de gonflement étant obtenu correspondant à au moins 80% de l'effet d'expansion susceptible d'être atteint pendant l'ensemble du procédé, et au cours duquel pendant une deuxième étape du procédé, l'étape du séchage, où la température de l'agent de transport et de chauffage est réduit au minimum de 10% et au maximum de 50% par rapport à la température dans la première étape du procédé, le tabac fractionné et gonflé est séché à une teneur en humidité finale de 10 à 13% en poids, la durée totale des deux étapes du procédé s'élevant au moins à 10 secondes et au plus à 5 minutes, procédé caractérisé en ce que dans la première étape du procédé on maintient une vitesse linéaire de l'agent de transport et de chauffage entre 7 et 70 m/s et dans la seconde étape du procédé on réduit la vitesse linéaire de l'agent de chauffage et de transport de 10% à 95% maximum par rapport à la vitesse de l'agent dans la première étape du procédé.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on maintient pendant la première étape du procédé la vitesse linéaire de l'agent de chauffage et de transport entre 30 et 60 m/s.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la première étape du procédé est effectuée pendant au maximum 1/lo de la durée totale de la première et deuxième étapes du procédé.
EP82107825A 1981-09-16 1982-08-25 Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché Expired EP0074534B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82107825T ATE27534T1 (de) 1981-09-16 1982-08-25 Kontinuierliches zweitstufenverfahren zur volumenvergroesserung von zerkleinertem tabak.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813136842 DE3136842A1 (de) 1981-09-16 1981-09-16 Verfahren zur volumenvergroesserung (puffing) von tabak und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3136842 1981-09-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074534A2 EP0074534A2 (fr) 1983-03-23
EP0074534A3 EP0074534A3 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0074534B1 true EP0074534B1 (fr) 1987-06-03

Family

ID=6141854

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82107825A Expired EP0074534B1 (fr) 1981-09-16 1982-08-25 Procédé continué en deux étapes d'expansion de tabac haché

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4646760A (fr)
EP (1) EP0074534B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE27534T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1213810A (fr)
DE (2) DE3136842A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH662478A5 (de) * 1983-04-23 1987-10-15 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Verfahren und einrichtung zum blaehen von tabak.
CH683226A5 (de) * 1991-12-09 1994-02-15 Egri Laszlo Expandieren und Trocknen von Tabak.
US5755238A (en) * 1996-10-17 1998-05-26 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Method and apparatus for low residence time redrying of tobacco
GB9922746D0 (en) * 1999-09-24 1999-11-24 Rothmans International Ltd Tobacco processing
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
EP2745716A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 Philip Morris Products S.A. Procédé et appareil pour étendre un produit contenant de l'amidon

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3037885A1 (de) * 1980-10-07 1982-05-06 Tamag Basel AG, 4127 Birsfelden Verfahren zur volumenvergroesserung von zerkleinerten tabakrippen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE790758A (fr) * 1971-11-04 1973-02-15 Philip Morris Inc Procede pour augmenter le volume des tiges de tabac
US4044780A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-08-30 American Brands, Inc. Apparatus for total blend expansion
AU509708B2 (en) * 1976-07-15 1980-05-22 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Producing expanded tobacco from whole tobacco stems
US4167191A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-09-11 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Tobacco drying process
US4388932A (en) * 1980-12-31 1983-06-21 Philip Morris, Incorporated Process for improving filling power of expanded tobacco

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3037885A1 (de) * 1980-10-07 1982-05-06 Tamag Basel AG, 4127 Birsfelden Verfahren zur volumenvergroesserung von zerkleinerten tabakrippen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4646760A (en) 1987-03-03
ATE27534T1 (de) 1987-06-15
CA1213810A (fr) 1986-11-12
EP0074534A3 (en) 1983-06-22
DE3136842A1 (de) 1983-04-07
DE3276465D1 (en) 1987-07-09
EP0074534A2 (fr) 1983-03-23

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