Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
  • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
  • A62B17/006—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes against contamination from chemicals, toxic or hostile environments; ABC suits
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
  • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
  • D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch

Definitions

• Activated carbon is used in particular as granules for a wide variety of purposes, e.g. Systems for the recovery of solvent vapors, filter systems for decoloring liquids, for odor filters in extractor hoods, medical applications, gas mask filters, ABC protective suits etc. are used.
• activated carbon is particularly effective because of the favorable surface to volume ratio, which improves the accessibility of the pores.
• These activated carbon fabrics or nonwovens are made by carbonizing fabrics or nonwovens made from carbonaceous materials and then activated with water vapor, but never by processing individual carbon fibers.
• the advantage of the high adsorption capacity of such surface filters is offset by the disadvantage of only very limited mechanical resistance. For this reason, they may be suitable for stationary systems, but not, for example, for protective suits against chemical warfare agents.
• the invention has for its object to ver the advantages of activated carbon fiber with the mechanical strength of a fabric made of non-carbonized fibers one. This was achieved by a blended yarn that consists of 5o to 75, in particular 2o to 4o percent by weight of activated carbon staple fibers and the rest of textile staple fibers, as well as by fabrics made from this blended yarn.
• the blended yarn according to the invention is produced by cutting a known cable made of activated carbon individual filaments into staple fibers, gently mixing and spinning with textile staple fibers.
• the activated carbon staple fibers conveniently have a length of 1 to 10 cm. So that these staple fibers do not break when they are mixed with the other textile fibers used to produce the blended yarn, but rather remain in the specified length, the activated carbon staple fibers are expediently mixed with the other staple fibers of comparable length in a carrier liquid, in particular water or an aqueous liquid . It is best to leave the activated carbon staple fibers after cutting off a cable that usually consists of 10,000 to several hundred . 000 individual filaments exist, fall into a bath in which the textile single fibers are simultaneously inserted. Additional measures for mixing the staple fibers can then be taken in the liquid medium, but in many cases sufficient mixing of the various staple fibers is already achieved when the carrier liquid is separated off and then spun into the blended yarn.
• textile fibers which according to the invention are spun into mixed yarns with the activated carbon staple fibers should be, it can be a wide variety of natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic fibers, such as cotton, wool, silk, polyester, polyamide, or aramid fibers, glass fibers or other mineral fibers.
• Polyamide-polyester or aramid fibers are preferred for the production of the blended yarns according to the invention.
• the textile staple fibers of the blended fabric can consist of a flame-resistant synthetic polymer or can be made flame-resistant.
• the activated carbon staple fibers typically have a denier of o, 5 dtex to 2 0, especially 1 to fifth
• the titer of the textile fibers is usually of the same order of magnitude.
• the mixture of the activated carbon staple fibers with the textile staple fibers can be spun into mixed yarns in a known manner, and these in turn can be woven well.
• the mixed yarn containing the activated carbon staple fiber can be used either only in the weft, only in the warp or both in warp and weft. If a purely textile yarn is used for warp or weft, it does not have to be made of the same material as the staple fibers of the mixed yarn, but can be adapted to the particular use of the fabric.
• the fabrics according to the invention from the mixed yarn containing activated carbon staple fibers can fully develop their filtering effect
• the fabrics advantageously have an air permeability of 10 to 1,000 , in particular 15o to 3oo 1 / min 1oo cm 2 at 1 mbar negative pressure.
• the air permeability can be achieved by weaving a loose yarn, which can then also be tightly knotted or by an open fabric.
• the fabric should have a tensile strength of 1oo to 2 0 . 000 , in particular 2oo to 2.ooo Newton / 5 cm, which can be achieved both by the choice of sufficiently tear-resistant staple fibers for the blended yarn and by the interweaving of very tear-resistant yarns.
• the basis weight of the mixed fabric can range from 5o to 1.5 00 g / m 2, for most applications, a basis weight of up to 2oo 4oo g / m 2 is preferred.
• the fabrics according to the invention are distinguished by excellent textile properties, good strength and an adsorption activity which, based on the amount of activated carbon fiber used, is not inferior to fabrics made from pure activated carbon fibers.
• the fabrics according to the invention from the mixed yarns containing activated carbon staple fibers are preferably used for surface filters.
• they are more versatile and more resistant than the surface filters made by carbonizing fabrics.
• the good textile properties and strengths of the fabrics according to the invention also enable their use for the production of protective suits, in particular those for commercial or military purposes, i.e. to protect against chemicals or chemical warfare agents.
• Pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers of 1.5 dtex were carbonized in a known manner as a cable with 32,000,000 individual filaments and then activated with steam in a suitable oven.
• a cable of activated carbon fibers with good mechanical properties and a BET surface area measured with nitrogen of 35 m 2 / g was thus obtained.
• cellulosic fibers were carbonized and activated. Its BET surface area, measured with nitrogen, was 1.100 m 2 / g. Although the high activity comes at the expense of mechanical strength, it nevertheless permits the further processing into the mixed yarn described below or the subsequent weaving.
• Staple fibers of 3 cm in length were cut from the cables of the activated carbon fibers. A part by weight of these activated carbon staple fibers was mixed in water with 2 parts by weight of a polyester staple fiber, likewise 3 cm in length and 1 dtex, and then spun. Blended yarns of about 7o dtex were obtained, and fabrics with a basis weight of about 28o g / m 2 were produced from them, the mechanical properties of which correspond to those of the same type of polyester blended fabric with wool or rayon. The activity of the activated carbon fibers was not influenced by the spinning to the blended yarn and weaving to the blended fabric.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6146394

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (28)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 1981
  • 1981-11-14 DE DE19813145267 patent/DE3145267A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1982
  • 1982-10-24 EP EP82109827A patent/EP0079488B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-10-24 DE DE8282109827T patent/DE3278083D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-10-24 AT AT82109827T patent/ATE32359T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-11-15 US US06/441,693 patent/US4457345A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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