EP0084852A2 - Chaudière en acier à combustible solide pour chauffage domestique - Google Patents

Chaudière en acier à combustible solide pour chauffage domestique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084852A2
EP0084852A2 EP83100440A EP83100440A EP0084852A2 EP 0084852 A2 EP0084852 A2 EP 0084852A2 EP 83100440 A EP83100440 A EP 83100440A EP 83100440 A EP83100440 A EP 83100440A EP 0084852 A2 EP0084852 A2 EP 0084852A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler according
burner
boiler
tube
space portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83100440A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0084852A3 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni Jahier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unical SpA
Original Assignee
Unical SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT18102/82A external-priority patent/IT1158554B/it
Priority claimed from ITMN1982U19662U external-priority patent/IT8219662U1/it
Application filed by Unical SpA filed Critical Unical SpA
Publication of EP0084852A2 publication Critical patent/EP0084852A2/fr
Publication of EP0084852A3 publication Critical patent/EP0084852A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
    • F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
    • F23B7/005—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with downdraught through fuel bed and grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/04—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves the air or gas passing downwards through the bottom of the stove of fire grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1845—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a solid fuel steel construction boiler for domestic heating applications.
  • the task of this invention is to provide a solid fuel steel construction boiler for domestic heating applications, wherein the flame is directed downwards and it is possible to control, by means of an automatic control system, the conditions of the combustion process and adjust the generation of heat to meet the requirements of the system incorporating such a boiler, thereby high outputs and prolonged self-supporting combustion can be achieved, such as are of special import in a family operation environment.
  • a solid fuel steel construction boiler for domestic heating applications, characterised in that it comprises a space or volume with vertically elongated shape and being delimited by longitudinal sidewalls, a bottom, and a cover, enclosed by an interspace containing water to be heated and complete with delivery and return connections, and by a front plate and rear plate, also provided at least in part with a similar interspace, subdivided into an upper zone and lower zone by a sheet metal cradle having substantially horizontal generatrices extending longitudinally, and being formed at a middle area thereof with a longitudinally elongated aperture, at an overlying position relatively to said aperture there being arranged a burner comprising a tube which extends from the front plate to the rear plate and is perforated at the lower region of the lateral surface included between means adapted to delimit a space portion in communication with said longitudinally elongated aperture, an air metering unit located on said front plate and including an electric fan controlled by an automatic control circuit and a distribution
  • a burner generally indicated at 10 which comprises the tube 10a with a perforated wall at the lower portion thereof included between two perforated fins 10b and 10c extending substantially vertically; said burner extends longitudinally from the front plate to the rear plate with provisions for thermal expansion, it simply resting with one end with the fins on the bracket 8b, and with the other end, through the tube 10a, onto the stub pipe 19b, which will be described more clearly hereinafter.
  • the surface area of thermal exchange between the combustion products and water to be heated is increased at the lower zone 1b by anticorrosion dry pipes 11 which open with the end 11a to said zone 1b and communicate at the other end 11b with the smoke box 12 provided with the fitting 12a for connection to a chimney flue and of a chest 12b for ash collection.
  • the loading door 15 which opens to the zone 1a, and the inspection door 16, including a telltale 16a, at the zone 1b, as well as the air metering unit which comprises the electric fan 17 connected, through the fitting 18, to the distribution chamber 19 whence primary combustion air flows out through holes such as 19a, so arranged as to direct the flow of said air toward the top portion of the upper zone 1a, and secondary combustion air flows out through the stub pipe 19b toward the interior of the tube 10a of the burner 10.
  • a check valve 20 which is raised by rotation around the pin 21 as the electric fan 17 is started, overcoming its own weight and the action of the weight 22 provided at that end of the rod 23 which is connected to the pin 21 for the purpose of holding the valve 20 steadily in the shut position when the electric fan is inoperative; contact of the rod 21 with the detent 24 secured at an adjustable position along the rod 25 located close to one wall of the fitting 18 affords a limiter for the opening stroke of the valve 20.
  • Throttling of the secondary air is accomplished by means of the small disk 25a being attached to the end of the threaded shank 26 projecting from the front plate and being provided with the knob 26a, positioned with its axis substantially coinciding with that of the stub pipe 19b; by moving the small disk 25a to and from the mouth of the stub pipe 19b, the intake flow of secondary air to the burner can be controlled.
  • the electric fan 17 is controlled, as will be explained in describing the boiler operation, by an automatic control circuit comprising the control 27i and safety 27a thermostats installed within the interspace 5, and the combustion gas high temperature 28 and low temperature 28a thermostats, mounted at the top of the smoke box 12.
  • Admixed to these combustion products are also normally present, however, substances which are still combustible, and completion of the combustion is ensured by the secondary air which is supplied from the distribution chamber 19, it entering, through the stub pipe 19b, the tube 10a of the burner to emerge through the holes therein and follow the path indicated by the arrows in Figure 3 and 4.
  • control thermostat 27 will stop the electric fan 17, which results in the burner flame being extinguished and a very slow continuation of the combustion, upon reaching a preset temperature for the water to be heated, turning said electric fan on again and consequently reactivating the flame as the water temperature drops below a certain level.
  • the combustion gas high temperature thermostat 28 also serves, again by acting on the electric fan 17, the highly important function of keeping the combustion state constant as the type of firewood, for example, changes which is gradually affected by the process, to prevent such heat delivery peaks as would occur in a spontaneous process, or an uncontrolled one, following a sudden and concurrent distillation of most of the volatile substances contained in the fuel; it is, therefore, possible to obtain a gradual and sufficiently slow process, such as can ensure a long duration of the same, following adequate loading of fuel in its respective zone extending in a vertical direction to form a storage of sort in the topmost layers not affected by the combustion, even over a time period of twenty four hours, which is the optimum for family operation of the boiler.
  • the combustion gas low temperature thermostat 28a finally stops the electric fan 17 upon exhaustion of the firewood in the boiler.
  • Another feature to be emphatized here is that the provision of the air metering unit enables the boiler operation to be rendered independent of the natural draft variations through the chimney flue as weather conditions change, since it is the electric fan 17 which meters the amount of air admitted, it even functioning as a holdback in the event of too powerful a draft.
  • the starting phase is made particularly easy.
  • the steady state operation contemplating the provision of an amount of ambers in contact with the cradle 9 which can keep the combustion alive up to a certain level in the fuel pile, notwithstanding the downward direction imparted to the flame, which amount of ambers is created by operating for a certain time period, e.g. a quarter of an hour, in natural upwardly directed draft conditions; for this purpose, the door 16 and gate 13a are opened, thus producing an airflow in the desired direction which is effective to keep the combustion on regardless of how it has been triggered.
  • the electric fan 17 is started and the door 16 and gate 13a are closed for steady state operation.
  • the gate 13a is also operated to open prior to opening the door 15 for loading fuel, with the electric fan in operation, in order to avoid being swept by a blast of smoke, and is closed again on completion of the loading operation.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a first variation of the burner 10; the tube 10a therein, which is supported at the front end by the stub pipe 19b supplying secondary air, and at the rear end by resting the bent flange 29 onto the bracket 30 rigid with the rear plate, has a round cross-section and formed along the bottom generatrix of the lateral surface with the holes 31 for letting out the secondary air.
  • the ashes are then removed, without any risks of occlusion, by gravity through the coil turns.
  • connection of the coil by mere insertion into the holes of the tube lateral surface holes ensures that the tube, by being cooled by the secondary air, can be kept during the operation at a relatively low temperature, although the coil may become red hot; thus, the tube can last longer and it becomes possible to just replace the coil, wherein the deteriorating effects induced in the material by the high temperatures concentrate, even in sections, at the end of the useful cycle life, for a very low cost.
  • the automatic control circuit may include, in addition to the cited thermostats, such other members as a programming clock; the check valve and secondary air throttle may also have any suitable construction.
  • the cross-section of the burner tube may have any configurations, such as an elliptical one, and the rings provided by the first variation of said burner, instead of being formed by the turns of a coil, may be separated from one another.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
EP83100440A 1982-01-26 1983-01-19 Chaudière en acier à combustible solide pour chauffage domestique Withdrawn EP0084852A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1810282 1982-01-26
IT18102/82A IT1158554B (it) 1982-01-26 1982-01-26 Caldaia in acciaio a combustibile solido per riscaldamento civile
ITMN1982U19662U IT8219662U1 (it) 1982-12-17 1982-12-17 Bruciatore perfezionato per caldaia in acciaio a combustibile solido
IT1966282U 1982-12-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0084852A2 true EP0084852A2 (fr) 1983-08-03
EP0084852A3 EP0084852A3 (fr) 1983-09-14

Family

ID=26326975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83100440A Withdrawn EP0084852A3 (fr) 1982-01-26 1983-01-19 Chaudière en acier à combustible solide pour chauffage domestique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0084852A3 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0214010A1 (fr) * 1985-08-09 1987-03-11 CHAUBOIS TECHNOLOGIE Inc. Brûleur gazéifieur pour appareil de chauffage et appareil de chauffage comportant un tel brûleur
FR2589988A1 (fr) * 1985-11-08 1987-05-15 Kedler Tarm As Hs Chaudiere a combustible solide, en particulier pour du bois
EP0205993A3 (fr) * 1985-06-10 1987-09-30 MESCOLI - TECNOLOGIE SOLARI - S.N.C. DI MESCOLI SAURO e GIANNI Chauffe-eau chauffé par combustibles solides ayant une marche de flamme inversée pour une installation de chauffage central et en général pour une installation d'eau chaude
FR2597958A1 (fr) * 1986-04-25 1987-10-30 Chaubois Technologie Inc Bruleur gazeifieur pour appareil de chauffage et appareil de chauffage comportant un tel bruleur
WO1990005269A1 (fr) * 1988-11-08 1990-05-17 Erik Svensson Four pour combustibles solides
WO2006004563A1 (fr) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-12 Ali Nizami Ozcan Chaudiere sans tube utilisant deux combustibles et pourvue de deux chambres de combustion
EP1970623A3 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2009-01-07 AR.CA. S.r.l. Chaudière à combustible solide

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE536194A (fr) *
US1618501A (en) * 1926-07-26 1927-02-22 Isaac T Woodruff Automatic feeder of mill-waste fuel for domestic heating plants
CH129824A (de) * 1927-12-24 1928-11-15 Sulzer Ag Aus einem Gasbrenner bestehende Anfeuervorrichtung.
FR749153A (fr) * 1932-09-22 1933-07-20 Perfectionnements au chauffage, notamment à l'aide de charbons de très petits calibres
CH169626A (de) * 1932-12-21 1934-06-15 C H Weck Fa Feuerung zum Verheizen von Kohlen in gusseisernen, für Koksheizung gebauten Zentralheizungskesseln.
US1991186A (en) * 1933-03-25 1935-02-12 Walter W Williams Water heater
FR872029A (fr) * 1941-01-10 1942-05-26 Chaudière avec foyer à cuve
GB771921A (en) * 1954-01-25 1957-04-10 William Herbert Smith Boilers
US3269383A (en) * 1965-04-15 1966-08-30 William A Maasberg Forced draft grate for fireplaces
SE341060B (fr) * 1967-06-17 1971-12-13 Belleli & C S A S
IT7964293U1 (it) * 1979-07-11 1981-01-11 Thermorossi Spa Sportello autochiudente per l'immissione dell'aria comburente sotto il focolare di una caldaia a combustibile solido

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0205993A3 (fr) * 1985-06-10 1987-09-30 MESCOLI - TECNOLOGIE SOLARI - S.N.C. DI MESCOLI SAURO e GIANNI Chauffe-eau chauffé par combustibles solides ayant une marche de flamme inversée pour une installation de chauffage central et en général pour une installation d'eau chaude
EP0214010A1 (fr) * 1985-08-09 1987-03-11 CHAUBOIS TECHNOLOGIE Inc. Brûleur gazéifieur pour appareil de chauffage et appareil de chauffage comportant un tel brûleur
FR2589988A1 (fr) * 1985-11-08 1987-05-15 Kedler Tarm As Hs Chaudiere a combustible solide, en particulier pour du bois
FR2597958A1 (fr) * 1986-04-25 1987-10-30 Chaubois Technologie Inc Bruleur gazeifieur pour appareil de chauffage et appareil de chauffage comportant un tel bruleur
WO1990005269A1 (fr) * 1988-11-08 1990-05-17 Erik Svensson Four pour combustibles solides
US5247892A (en) * 1988-11-08 1993-09-28 Erik Svensson Furnace for solid fuels
WO2006004563A1 (fr) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-12 Ali Nizami Ozcan Chaudiere sans tube utilisant deux combustibles et pourvue de deux chambres de combustion
EA009160B1 (ru) * 2004-06-30 2007-10-26 Али Низами Озджан Двухтопливный беструбный котел с двумя камерами сгорания
EP1970623A3 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2009-01-07 AR.CA. S.r.l. Chaudière à combustible solide

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Publication number Publication date
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Inventor name: JAHIER, GIOVANNI