EP0090916A2 - Fenêtre thermiquement isolante - Google Patents

Fenêtre thermiquement isolante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090916A2
EP0090916A2 EP83100960A EP83100960A EP0090916A2 EP 0090916 A2 EP0090916 A2 EP 0090916A2 EP 83100960 A EP83100960 A EP 83100960A EP 83100960 A EP83100960 A EP 83100960A EP 0090916 A2 EP0090916 A2 EP 0090916A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
window
drying chamber
prechamber
panes
window according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83100960A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0090916A3 (fr
Inventor
Paul Grether
Kurt Brader
Bruno Dr. Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0090916A2 publication Critical patent/EP0090916A2/fr
Publication of EP0090916A3 publication Critical patent/EP0090916A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat-flow-inhibiting window with at least double glazing, the panes of which are arranged at a distance from one another, the interior between the panes being sealed airtight and water vapor-tight from the surroundings and being in communication with the surroundings via a cavity containing a drying agent.
  • Double or multiple glazing for windows in which the air gap or the sum of the air gaps is more than approx. 30 mm can generally no longer be designed as gas-tight insulation windows, since temperature and / or barometer pressure changes in the The space between the panes would result in too great a positive or negative pressure.
  • Open systems in which there is an uncontrolled connection between the ambient air and the space between the panes, tend to fog on the glass surfaces of the space between the panes, since condensed water vapor and dust and gaseous admixtures of the ambient air can precipitate on these surfaces; With such systems, periodic cleaning in the space between the glass panes is therefore necessary. These cleanings are costly undesirable and no longer permitted when sensitive, selectively reflecting layers are arranged because of the risk of damage. Likewise, the pollutant admixtures in the air can destroy the selectively reflecting layers.
  • the first way is the constant diffusion of moisture through the glass edge connection; by using the sealing technology known from the production of insulating glass, this proportion can be kept negligibly small.
  • the second way is breathing or pumping the disks due to mechanical and / or thermal load fluctuations such as wind loads or changes in temperature and barometer level. Constant diffusion of water vapor through the pressure equalization openings into the desiccant and - if this is saturated with moisture - into the space between the panes is the third way on which moisture enters the window interior can penetrate.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate this disadvantage of previous window constructions and to extend the service life of the drying agent in the "breath" openings of such windows.
  • this object is achieved in that the drying chamber, which extends in the flow direction of the air at least over a partial length of the window, is preceded by a prechamber which also extends in the flow direction over at least a partial length of the window circumference.
  • the air column in the prechamber considerably increases the diffusion resistance for water vapor - for which it is advantageous if the cross section of the prechamber is small compared to its length, in particular if the ratio of cross section to length of the prechamber is about 10 -4 m or less -; on the other hand, in the event of brief pump impulses, for example caused by wind gusts, the dry air from the interior or the desiccant does not escape directly into the environment, but at least largely remains enclosed and preserved in the antechamber. In the case of a subsequent counter-movement, it can flow back into the desiccant or the space between the panes, without the addition of moist ambient air, which is significant. In order to increase the "buffer volume" in dry air, it can still be useful if in the Antechamber distributed over its length, sub-rooms with an enlarged cross-section are provided.
  • a suitable desiccant that also acts as a dust filter and / or as a filter for gaseous pollutants - such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, ammonia, hydrogen chloride and others.
  • gaseous pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, ammonia, hydrogen chloride and others.
  • the total flow resistance of the drying and the pre-chamber should be as large as possible; however, to prevent the window from being destroyed, it is necessary not to make it too large. It is therefore designed to be as small as is necessary due to the mechanical strength of the window:
  • the upper limit of the flow resistance is given by the experience, based on experience, that the temperature-related exchange of around 10% of the air volume enclosed between the glass panes does not increase within an hour Pressure difference than 600 Pa may be required. This pressure difference corresponds to the minimum wind load to be taken into account when designing the windows.
  • the drying and pre-chamber can be accommodated in a constructively advantageous manner if they run over the entire circumference of the window or - in the case of rectangular or square windows - extend over at least one side length.
  • a reflective, corrosion sensitive layer for example made of silver, copper or a metal oxide
  • This distribution of the layer materials in the drying agent can be achieved, for example, by impregnating the drying agent with colloidal silver or copper precipitated from salt solutions.
  • FIG. 3 is, again schematically, a further variant of the invention.
  • the space 1 enclosed by a frame, not shown, between the panes, also not shown, is sealed along the entire circumference with the aid of a seal 2 made of polysulfide and / or polyisobutyl, as largely as possible in an air-tight and water-vapor-tight manner.
  • a seal 2 made of polysulfide and / or polyisobutyl, as largely as possible in an air-tight and water-vapor-tight manner.
  • this connection initially comprises a drying chamber 3 filled with desiccant 5, which is located directly upstream of the intermediate space 1 and connected to it via passage openings 4.
  • the drying chamber 3 extending over a longitudinal side of the window merges into a prechamber 6, which likewise extends along one side of the Window extends and is in contact with the surrounding atmosphere via inlet openings 7.
  • the cross section of the drying chamber 3 is a multiple of that of the antechamber 6. Its absolute value is, for example, between 5-1 0 cm 2 .
  • the panes (not shown) are supported by a frame 10 which closes the interior 11 between the panes to the outside, this seal being made gas and water vapor tight as far as possible by a seal (not shown).
  • a drying chamber 13 filled with drying agent 15 and a prechamber 16 are provided in the profile cavities of the frame 10; the two chambers 13 and 16 run along the entire circumference of the window.
  • the prechamber 16 is connected at its outer end to the outside air via an opening 17, while passage openings 18 are provided between the two chambers, and finally bores 19 lead from the chamber 13 into the space 11 between the panes.
  • Furthermore, in the corners of the drying chamber 13 there are openings which are closed by plugs 20 and which are used for filling and for possibly replacing the drying agent 15.
  • the flow resistance in the chambers 13 and 16 between the openings 17 and 19 is only reduced to the extent necessary for mechanical reasons, the substantial proportion being given by the drying chamber 13 filled with drying agent.
  • the diffusion resistance for water vapor, in particular in the antechamber 16 is made as large as possible by stretching this chamber as long as possible in the flow direction, while keeping its cross section as small as possible. So their length is in the direction of flow for example generally at least a few dm, but their cross section only a few mm 2 , so that the ratio of the cross section to the length, which determines the diffusion resistance, is about 10 -4 m or less; In the present example according to FIG. 2, a typical length of the prechamber would be approximately 4 m and its cross section approximately 1 cm.
  • two drying chambers 3 and, in parallel, two prechambers 6 extend beyond the window height on both sides of the space between panes 1.
  • the total volume of prechamber 6 is designed as a buffer volume; the antechambers 6 are such when their total volume per m 3 of pane or window area is at least 100 cm 3 .
  • a large diffusion resistance for water vapor is ensured above all by relatively narrow inlet openings 7 to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • two inlet openings 7 are provided for each prechamber 6, the diameter of which is, for example, 1-2 mm.
  • the buffer volume of the prechambers 6 has the purpose of keeping the losses of dry air as low as possible with the relatively high-frequency vibrations of the window as a result of changing wind loads; the diffusion-inhibiting narrow inlet openings are also advantageous for this, because they form an increased resistance during "exhalation” and thus cause a slight compression of the dry air in front of the openings 7.
  • the drying chambers 3 are provided at the bottom with a closed emptying and at the top with a closed filling opening 8 or 9, whereby the exchange of used desiccant 5 is considerably simplified.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Freezers Or Refrigerated Showcases (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP83100960A 1982-04-02 1983-02-02 Fenêtre thermiquement isolante Withdrawn EP0090916A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2035/82 1982-04-02
CH2035/82A CH661769A5 (de) 1982-04-02 1982-04-02 Waermeflusshemmendes fenster.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090916A2 true EP0090916A2 (fr) 1983-10-12
EP0090916A3 EP0090916A3 (fr) 1984-07-25

Family

ID=4224401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83100960A Withdrawn EP0090916A3 (fr) 1982-04-02 1983-02-02 Fenêtre thermiquement isolante

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4545160A (fr)
EP (1) EP0090916A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58181993A (fr)
CA (1) CA1215589A (fr)
CH (1) CH661769A5 (fr)
DK (1) DK41183A (fr)
FI (1) FI830620L (fr)
NO (1) NO831150L (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4838006A (en) * 1986-08-20 1989-06-13 Julius & August Erbsloh Gmbh & Co. Spacer for panes of multiple-pane windows
DE3808907A1 (de) * 1988-03-17 1989-10-05 Peter Dipl Ing Kueffner Mehrfachglasscheibe
DE3842129A1 (de) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-21 Flachglas Ag Druckausgleichsvorrichtung fuer isolierglasscheiben
DE4007934A1 (de) * 1990-03-13 1991-09-19 Christoph Kliesch Verfahren und geeignete anordnungen zum dauerhaften schutz vor kondensation in hohlraeumen, insbesondere von isolierglas
CH687937A5 (de) * 1994-04-05 1997-03-27 Troesch Glas Ag Verglasung mit mindestens zwei Scheiben.
DE102020105026A1 (de) 2020-02-26 2021-08-26 ibft Ingenieurbüro Dr. Küffner und Lummertzheim GmbH Mehrscheibenisolierglas

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4952430A (en) * 1985-05-16 1990-08-28 Ppg Industries, Inc. Insulated window units
US4856243A (en) * 1988-07-25 1989-08-15 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Assemblies for windows and doors
CH688384A5 (de) * 1995-02-06 1997-08-29 Geilinger Ag Glaselement mit integrierter Store.
US8782971B2 (en) 2010-07-22 2014-07-22 Advanced Glazing Technologies Ltd. (Agtl) System for pressure equalizing and drying sealed translucent glass glazing units

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA469711A (fr) * 1950-11-28 Duplate Canada Limited Assemblages a vitres multiples
US2597097A (en) * 1943-01-11 1952-05-20 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Multiple glazing unit
US3771276A (en) * 1972-07-14 1973-11-13 Ppg Industries Inc Multiple-glazed breather windows
CH582636A5 (fr) * 1973-09-13 1976-12-15 Fankhauser Glas Ag
US3990429A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-11-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Solar heat collector having a breather tube
AU6603881A (en) * 1980-03-25 1981-10-01 Ardco Inc. Infrared reflective window

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4838006A (en) * 1986-08-20 1989-06-13 Julius & August Erbsloh Gmbh & Co. Spacer for panes of multiple-pane windows
DE3808907A1 (de) * 1988-03-17 1989-10-05 Peter Dipl Ing Kueffner Mehrfachglasscheibe
DE3842129A1 (de) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-21 Flachglas Ag Druckausgleichsvorrichtung fuer isolierglasscheiben
DE4007934A1 (de) * 1990-03-13 1991-09-19 Christoph Kliesch Verfahren und geeignete anordnungen zum dauerhaften schutz vor kondensation in hohlraeumen, insbesondere von isolierglas
CH687937A5 (de) * 1994-04-05 1997-03-27 Troesch Glas Ag Verglasung mit mindestens zwei Scheiben.
DE102020105026A1 (de) 2020-02-26 2021-08-26 ibft Ingenieurbüro Dr. Küffner und Lummertzheim GmbH Mehrscheibenisolierglas
EP3872291A1 (fr) 2020-02-26 2021-09-01 Peter Küffner Vitrage isolant à plusieurs feuilles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH661769A5 (de) 1987-08-14
CA1215589A (fr) 1986-12-23
US4545160A (en) 1985-10-08
FI830620A7 (fi) 1983-10-03
FI830620A0 (fi) 1983-02-24
EP0090916A3 (fr) 1984-07-25
FI830620L (fi) 1983-10-03
DK41183A (da) 1983-10-03
DK41183D0 (da) 1983-02-02
JPS58181993A (ja) 1983-10-24
NO831150L (no) 1983-10-03

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Effective date: 19851025

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Inventor name: KELLER, BRUNO, DR.

Inventor name: GRETHER, PAUL

Inventor name: BRADER, KURT