EP0096847B1 - Dispositif de dispersion de dipoles - Google Patents

Dispositif de dispersion de dipoles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096847B1
EP0096847B1 EP83105651A EP83105651A EP0096847B1 EP 0096847 B1 EP0096847 B1 EP 0096847B1 EP 83105651 A EP83105651 A EP 83105651A EP 83105651 A EP83105651 A EP 83105651A EP 0096847 B1 EP0096847 B1 EP 0096847B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dipoles
sleeve
metal foil
sections
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83105651A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0096847A3 (en
EP0096847A2 (fr
Inventor
Gmbh & Co. Diehl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Verwaltungs Stiftung
Original Assignee
Diehl GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl GmbH and Co filed Critical Diehl GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0096847A2 publication Critical patent/EP0096847A2/fr
Publication of EP0096847A3 publication Critical patent/EP0096847A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0096847B1 publication Critical patent/EP0096847B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/145—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising a plurality of reflecting particles, e.g. radar chaff

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for distributing dipoles which are arranged to be ejected in a sleeve in the form of sections of the same length, the sections each consisting of bundled and centripetal-biased dipoles in an envelope.
  • dipole sections of different lengths are arranged in sections in a sleeve.
  • the dipole sections can be ejected from the sleeve via a piston, the piston being drivable by a gas pressure-generating charge.
  • GB-PS 834 596 discloses sections of dipoles bundled by loose, thin paper, which are arranged in a sleeve made of reinforced paper. In addition, it is known to insert a section of the paper directly enveloping the dipoles as a tail in the mass of the dipoles, for example in the radial direction.
  • the dipole sections For dipole sections arranged in a sleeve, for rapid and large cloud formation, it is necessary that the dipole sections can be ejected relatively easily and quickly and that the individual dipoles separate independently of one another after leaving the pipe mouth in order to achieve a radar to form relevant cloud.
  • the measure for deceiving target-seeking radar devices in aircraft and missiles is important.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a structurally simple, inexpensive dipole arrangement for an ejection sleeve, which can be ejected from the sleeve in a short time and quickly generates a large-area and homogeneous cloud after the ejection.
  • the metal foil slides very well on the highly polished inner surface of the sleeve, so that the energy required to eject the sections from the sleeve can be measured relatively small.
  • the discharge width of the sections is increased by approx. 30%. This is advantageous for the diameter of the cloud when ejecting from the aircraft and for the distance and height of the cloud above the ejection location for earth-based ejection, since the sections cover a relatively large distance at high average speed during the detachment of the dipoles.
  • the dipoles pretensioned in the sections act as a drive spring for the metal foil surrounding the section, so that a time-delayed release of the dipoles is achieved depending on the number of turns of the metal foil.
  • the section with a low number of turns releases the dipoles earlier than the section with a higher number of turns.
  • a radar-relevant cloud with a diameter of approx. 4 m is reached when there is no wind, at a wind force of 3 m a cloud is approx. 4 m high with a diameter of 3 m and a length of approx. 40 m.
  • a radar-relevant cloud is reached which is approximately 50% larger than the side view area of an aircraft, such as the F-104G Starfighter.
  • the diameter of the cloud is also larger than the largest cross section of a fighter plane. This provides an all-round repellent against ground-based and air-based defense devices with homing radar.
  • the section lying at the mouth of the sleeve has an envelope with a number of turns of 1.2 to 0.75, which initiates cloud formation immediately after the ejection.
  • the deflection time for the opposing radar is therefore very short, since the cloud surface detected by the radar as the target arises much earlier than according to the prior art.
  • a cloud that is 70% formed is sufficient to deflect the radar from the aircraft.
  • the section arranged at the mouth of the sleeve can be without a cover in order to increase the formation of the cloud with respect to its radar-relevant intensities.
  • Claim 4 covers in a simple manner a frequency spectrum which is evenly present per unit area of the finished cloud.
  • the decisive factor here is that the cutting length is selected so that the dipoles assigned to the highest frequency cover about one square meter of the finished cloud in a radar-relevant manner.
  • Those dipoles of a section that not enough in themselves to cover one square meter of the finished cloud, are supplemented by corresponding dipoles of other sections to meet the above condition.
  • a good distribution of the dipoles both in the longitudinal direction of the cloud and in the transverse direction is achieved in that the dipoles of different lengths form the structure in the manner of a network by swirling.
  • the one-piece metal foil according to claim 7 ensures that after ejection from the sleeve - due to the radially expanding dipoles - the only plastically deformable metal foil only needs to increase its winding radius until the number of turns ⁇ 1 and a sufficiently large distance (window ) is reached between the two ends of the film. Because of this window, dipoles are detached from the section (package) by the air flow and, on the other hand, the film itself is removed from the package. As a result, the parcel can unfold unhindered into a partial cloud due to the clamping force still present in the parcel and the air flowing out. The number of partial clouds of a minimum of 10 pieces and a maximum of approximately 25 pieces then results in the actual cloud by overlapping.
  • a radar grid of an opposing radar with the stop lines 1 to 4 is specified.
  • the grid 5 is approx. 21 m.
  • an aircraft 6 which has emitted dipoles 10 to 12 at two intervals in accordance with the arrow 7, thereby forming the radar-relevant clouds 8, 9 lying between the rest lines 2 to 4. Comparing the areas of aircraft 6 and cloud 8 or 9, cloud 8 or 9 is approximately 30% larger than the area of the aircraft shown.
  • the stop lines 1 to 4 correspond to a conventional radar with a pulse width of 200 ⁇ s at a predetermined target distance.
  • the speed of the aircraft is 300 m / s.
  • the output sequence of dipole arrangements is 100 m / s.
  • a dipole arrangement 13 consists of a sleeve 14 with a square inner cross section, dipole sections 15 to 24, a piston 25 and a cover 26.
  • the inner surfaces 27 of the sleeve 14 are highly polished.
  • the individual dipoles 10 to 12 usually consist of aluminum-coated glass threads. These glass threads are stranded in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve 14, the length of the dipoles 10 to 12 corresponds to the length of the individual sections 15 to 24.
  • a curve 40 determined by empirical values allows the number of turns of the foils 31 to 39 to be determined for each individual dipole section 16 to 24.
  • the section 15 at the mouth 45 of the sleeve 14 has no casing.
  • the dipoles 10 are arranged as a package section 15 “naked” in the sleeve 14.
  • the film 36 is detached from FIG. 2 and is drawn at a distance between the turns for the sake of better illustration. In reality, the turns of the film 36 are close together.
  • the contact pressure between the windings of the film is achieved by inserting the individual dipole sections 16 to 24 into the sleeve 14. This is because the sections 16 to 24 have larger dimensions in the circumferential direction before insertion into the sleeve 14 than the inner cross section of the sleeve 14. To insert the sections 16 to 24 into the sleeve, the sections 16 to 24 which have already been wrapped are therefore made using a suitable device pressed into the sleeve 14. The section 15 is pressed as the last part of the sections 16 to 24 into the sleeve, so that their dipoles 10 are also biased centripetal.
  • the mode of operation of the device according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the piston 25, which is driven in the direction of the mouth 45, lifts the cover 26 from the mouth 45 via the sections 16 to 24. Then the "naked" section 15 is ejected first.
  • the centripetal-biased dipoles 10 diverge in the radial direction and, after they have left the mouth 45, are swirled by the inflowing air.
  • the compressed dipoles 10 act as a spring element.
  • This spring element acts in the radial direction in that the dipole assembly expands radially. As a result, they act on the metal foil 31 and reduce the number of turns until the metal foil 31 releases the dipoles on the circumference. Only then does the swirling of the dipoles 10 by the attacking air flow begin. The wound metal foil 31 is also removed from the dipoles.
  • dipole sections 46 to 52 of a dipole arrangement 44 are configured as packets of the same length.
  • the dipole sections 47, 49, 51 - with dipoles lying in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve 14 - are cut transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 14 (section line 54).
  • the cut (depth of cut 53) through the metal foil and the dipoles is carried out in such a way that the dipoles 12 (each section 47, 49, 51) with the shortest length (subset 65) cover about one square meter of cloud surface with regard to radar in terms of their number.
  • the depth of cut is designated 53 and the cut line 54.
  • the cut is carried out by means of a suitable device before the sections 46 to 52 are filled into the sleeve 14 through the enveloping metal foil and the relevant dipoles.
  • the non-cut dipoles 10 then result in the subset 67.
  • the curve 70 indicated in the upper part of FIG. 4 is defined analogously to FIG.
  • the curve 70 indicates the number of turns of the metal foil in relation to the respective sections 46 to 52.
  • the mode of operation of the dipole arrangement according to FIG. 4 corresponds to the function described for FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • each section has dipoles 10 to 12 of different lengths
  • the metal foil is pulled up to a number of turns ⁇ 1 after ejection from sleeve 14 due to the radial pressure of dipoles 10 to 12, to the extent that until the inflowing air has loosened the film and loosens and distributes the dipoles.
  • the dipoles 10 to 12 of all sections lie in the axial direction of the sleeve 14.
  • the dipoles of the sections are transverse to the longitudinal direction to arrange the sleeve 14.
  • a circular cross-section can also be used instead of the square inner cross-section of the sleeve 14.
  • a dipole section 70 has dipoles 10 and a metal foil 71.
  • the film 71 is provided with an integral air brake 72.
  • the air brake 72 consists of two braking surfaces 73, 74. The braking surfaces are determined by edges 75, 76 of the film 71.
  • the air brake 72 is folded in the sleeve 14 accordingly, so that it supports the unwinding of the film 71 from the section 70 after the ejection by the air flowing in the direction of arrow 77.
  • the essential idea of this solution is that the twice-bent end of the film 71 creates a very effective air brake.
  • the start of the unwinding process is accelerated.
  • the duration of the unwinding process is not significantly accelerated, however, since a free film end, similar to a “flag”, already acts as a brake due to the air vortex.
  • This air brake 72 saves space and therefore does not influence the number of dipoles 10 in section 70.
  • the measure described above can also be used for the incised sections 47, 49, 51.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Appareil de répartition de dipoles qui sont dans une douille d'éjection (14) de manière susceptible d'être éjectés sous forme de plusieurs sections (15 à 24, 46 à 52), les sections élémentaires se composant à cette occasion chaque fois de dipoles en faisceau situés dans une enveloppe (36) et précontraints de manière centripète, caractérisé en ce que les sections (15 à 24; 46 à 52) sont de différentes longueur et que leur enveloppe se compose de feuille métallique (31 à 39; 56 à 62) mince, lisse des deux côtés, dont le nombre d'enroulement décroit dans le sens de l'éjection et en ce que la douille (14) est pourvue d'une surface intérieure polie et d'une bouche d'éjection 45).
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les nombres d'enroulement des enveloppes sont de 4,2 à 1,2 respectivement de 4,5 à 0,75.
3. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une section (15) sans enveloppe est disposée à la bouche (45) de la douille (14), mais toutefois avec des dipoles (10) précontraints de manière centripète, et qu'ensuite se trouvent des sections (16 à 24) à enveloppe (31 à 39).
4. Appareil selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'en fonction du spectre de fréquences prédéterminé dans les sections (47 à 52) à dipoles (10) de même longueur, au moyen d'entailles (54) transversales à l'axe longitudinal de la douille (14), des dipoles de longueur différente (11, 12) sont contenus à côté de dipoles de longueur identique et que la profondeur d'entaille (53) est fonction du nombre de dipoles requis pour l'unité surface-fréquence la plus élevée.
5. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la feuille de métal (31 à 39; 56 à 62) n'est déformable que de manière plastique et présente des deux côtés des surfaces à poli miroir.
6. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la feuille de métal (31 à 39) se compose d'aluminium et présente une épaisseur d'environ 0,1 mm.
7. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la feuille de métal (31 à 39) est en une pièce.
8. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un frein à air (72) est prévu à l'extrémité libre (42) de la feuille de métal (71), au moyen de deux arêtes (75, 76) situées transversalement par rapport à la direction angulaire (77).
EP83105651A 1982-06-16 1983-06-09 Dispositif de dispersion de dipoles Expired EP0096847B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823222584 DE3222584A1 (de) 1982-06-16 1982-06-16 Dipol-anordnung in einer huelse
DE3222584 1982-06-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0096847A2 EP0096847A2 (fr) 1983-12-28
EP0096847A3 EP0096847A3 (en) 1986-03-12
EP0096847B1 true EP0096847B1 (fr) 1989-02-08

Family

ID=6166176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83105651A Expired EP0096847B1 (fr) 1982-06-16 1983-06-09 Dispositif de dispersion de dipoles

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4630055A (fr)
EP (1) EP0096847B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3222584A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK278183A (fr)
GB (1) GB2124740B (fr)
IL (1) IL69005A (fr)
NO (1) NO162138C (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6809692B2 (en) 2000-04-19 2004-10-26 Advanced Automotive Antennas, S.L. Advanced multilevel antenna for motor vehicles
US6870507B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2005-03-22 Fractus S.A. Miniature broadband ring-like microstrip patch antenna
US6937191B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2005-08-30 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US6937206B2 (en) 2001-04-16 2005-08-30 Fractus, S.A. Dual-band dual-polarized antenna array
US7015868B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2006-03-21 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel Antennae
US7202818B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2007-04-10 Fractus, S.A. Multifrequency microstrip patch antenna with parasitic coupled elements
US7215287B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2007-05-08 Fractus S.A. Multiband antenna
US7312762B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2007-12-25 Fractus, S.A. Loaded antenna
US7511675B2 (en) 2000-10-26 2009-03-31 Advanced Automotive Antennas, S.L. Antenna system for a motor vehicle
US7554490B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2009-06-30 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US9099773B2 (en) 2006-07-18 2015-08-04 Fractus, S.A. Multiple-body-configuration multimedia and smartphone multifunction wireless devices

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2924798A1 (fr) * 1997-10-09 2009-06-12 Lacroix Soc E Perfectionnements aux conteneurs disperseurs de paillettes formant reflecteur electromagnetique
RU2202094C2 (ru) * 2000-12-25 2003-04-10 Войсковая часть 61469 МО РФ Способ защиты военных и промышленных объектов от высокоточных средств поражения
US9755314B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2017-09-05 Fractus S.A. Loaded antenna
ES2190749B1 (es) * 2001-11-30 2004-06-16 Fractus, S.A Dispersores "chaff" multinivel y/o "space-filling", contra radar.
FR2991666B1 (fr) * 2012-06-07 2015-02-27 Mbda France Procede, dispositif et systeme de leurrage pour la protection d'un aeronef

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US3023703A (en) * 1955-08-24 1962-03-06 Beatty John William Chaff dispensing device
GB834596A (en) * 1957-01-14 1960-05-11 Chemring Ltd Improvements in and relating to radar responsive means
US3500409A (en) * 1963-02-05 1970-03-10 Us Air Force Means for packaging and dispensing chaff
GB1598423A (en) * 1967-11-03 1981-09-23 Gen Dynamics Corp Decoy round
GB1302872A (fr) * 1969-06-12 1973-01-10 Schermuly Ltd
US3765336A (en) * 1972-01-28 1973-10-16 Us Navy Chaff bullet
GB1434034A (en) * 1972-07-11 1976-04-28 Bender Ltd F Method and equipment for forming a single cloud of radar reflecting chaff within the atmosphere
FR2427573B1 (fr) * 1978-05-30 1985-12-13 Lacroix Tous Artifices E Dispositif d'alarme a actionnement pyrotechnique et declenchement manuel, en particulier par leurres electromagnetiques
US4195571A (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-04-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Modular wheel dispenser
DE3015719C2 (de) * 1980-04-24 1984-03-01 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Düppel-Patrone zum Flugzeug-Selbstschutz
JPS57172199A (en) * 1980-12-23 1982-10-22 Warotsupu Ind Ltd Rocket for material for disturbing radar searching

Cited By (38)

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US8976069B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-03-10 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8330659B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2012-12-11 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8009111B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2011-08-30 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9240632B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2016-01-19 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7015868B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2006-03-21 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel Antennae
US9054421B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-06-09 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9000985B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-04-07 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8154462B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2012-04-10 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9362617B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2016-06-07 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8154463B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2012-04-10 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8941541B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-01-27 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7528782B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2009-05-05 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8896493B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2014-11-25 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US8228256B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2012-07-24 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US7557768B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2009-07-07 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US7250918B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2007-07-31 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US7932870B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2011-04-26 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US6937191B2 (en) 1999-10-26 2005-08-30 Fractus, S.A. Interlaced multiband antenna arrays
US8610627B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2013-12-17 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US8471772B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2013-06-25 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US8207893B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2012-06-26 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US8212726B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2012-07-03 Fractus, Sa Space-filling miniature antennas
US9331382B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2016-05-03 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US7554490B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2009-06-30 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US8558741B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2013-10-15 Fractus, S.A. Space-filling miniature antennas
US6809692B2 (en) 2000-04-19 2004-10-26 Advanced Automotive Antennas, S.L. Advanced multilevel antenna for motor vehicles
US7511675B2 (en) 2000-10-26 2009-03-31 Advanced Automotive Antennas, S.L. Antenna system for a motor vehicle
US6870507B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2005-03-22 Fractus S.A. Miniature broadband ring-like microstrip patch antenna
US6937206B2 (en) 2001-04-16 2005-08-30 Fractus, S.A. Dual-band dual-polarized antenna array
US7541997B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2009-06-02 Fractus, S.A. Loaded antenna
US7920097B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2011-04-05 Fractus, S.A. Multiband antenna
US8723742B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2014-05-13 Fractus, S.A. Multiband antenna
US7439923B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2008-10-21 Fractus, S.A. Multiband antenna
US7312762B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2007-12-25 Fractus, S.A. Loaded antenna
US7215287B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2007-05-08 Fractus S.A. Multiband antenna
US7202818B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2007-04-10 Fractus, S.A. Multifrequency microstrip patch antenna with parasitic coupled elements
US8228245B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2012-07-24 Fractus, S.A. Multiband antenna
US9099773B2 (en) 2006-07-18 2015-08-04 Fractus, S.A. Multiple-body-configuration multimedia and smartphone multifunction wireless devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO162138B (no) 1989-07-31
GB2124740A (en) 1984-02-22
DK278183D0 (da) 1983-06-16
GB2124740B (en) 1985-12-11
EP0096847A3 (en) 1986-03-12
DK278183A (da) 1983-12-17
EP0096847A2 (fr) 1983-12-28
DE3379188D1 (en) 1989-03-16
NO831897L (no) 1983-12-19
US4630055A (en) 1986-12-16
DE3222584A1 (de) 1983-12-22
IL69005A (en) 1987-03-31
NO162138C (no) 1989-11-08

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