EP0097932B1 - Antenne à micro-ondes à faisceau dirigé - Google Patents

Antenne à micro-ondes à faisceau dirigé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097932B1
EP0097932B1 EP83106196A EP83106196A EP0097932B1 EP 0097932 B1 EP0097932 B1 EP 0097932B1 EP 83106196 A EP83106196 A EP 83106196A EP 83106196 A EP83106196 A EP 83106196A EP 0097932 B1 EP0097932 B1 EP 0097932B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
primary radiator
antenna
aperture
radiator system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83106196A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0097932A1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Dipl.-Ing. Brunner
Erwin Dr.Rer.Nat. Gillitzer
Uwe Dipl.-Ing. Leupelt
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Löw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT83106196T priority Critical patent/ATE29803T1/de
Publication of EP0097932A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097932A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0097932B1 publication Critical patent/EP0097932B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/132—Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microwave directional antenna in a shell construction with a reflector designed as an eccentric rotational paraboloid cutout, which is fed according to the offset principle from a primary radiator system and is delimited laterally and at the bottom by the metallic walls.
  • antennas with high secondary attenuation are required at very small angular distances in order to avoid mutual interference of the radio fields.
  • antennas such as parabolic or shell antennas
  • shell antennas are available for radio relay systems, with shell antennas mostly reaching predetermined secondary zip attenuations even at lower angles in the horizontal plane.
  • the object of the invention is to design such shell antennas in such a way that the angular attenuation is increased even with small angular displacements from the main beam direction of the antenna, even at lower frequencies.
  • this object is achieved in a mussel antenna of the type mentioned at the outset in that the lateral boundary walls at the level of the part of the primary radiator system which directly irradiates the reflector are formed in the direction of the antenna radiation for such a long time that this part of the primary radiator system - when it is projected onto the Lateral boundary walls - located approximately in the middle between the aperture and reflector, that the rectilinear aperture-side edges of the two lateral boundary walls run in such a way that the surface vector (e) perpendicular to the aperture runs obliquely upwards when the primary radiator system is at the bottom and obliquely when the primary radiator system is at the top is directed below that the lateral boundary walls are bent inwards and the kink lines run approximately vertically, and that the kink lines - when projecting the part directly irradiating the reflector onto the lateral boundary walls - between between this part and the aperture.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a major cause of low angular attenuation in the half space around the antenna axis in the known mussel antennas is the retroreflection of the primary radiator system, e.g. of the exciter horn of the mussel antenna.
  • the side walls of the mussel antenna designed according to the invention are thus lengthened such that the direct radiation from the primary radiator system can only emerge from the antenna in a narrow angular range. Since the retroreflection of the primary radiator system only affects the horizontal diagram in the vicinity of the antenna axis (half-beam-vertex focal point), it is sufficient to extend the lateral boundary walls according to the invention only significantly in this area. This results in a mussel antenna in which the surface vector standing perpendicularly on the aperture does not point obliquely downwards as in the previously known mussel antennas, but obliquely upwards.
  • a mussel antenna designed according to the invention shows no measurable losses in terms of antenna gain compared to the known mussel antennas.
  • the principle specified by the invention is not only for shell antennas fed directly, for example by means of a funnel radiator, but also for those based on the multi-mirror principle, e.g. according to Cassegrain or Gregory, applicable.
  • offset-fed parallel plate antennas which have a narrow parabolic cylinder reflector, two parallel boundary walls running parallel to one another and a primary radiator which is constructed like a horn radiator and with two opposite walls merges into the side boundary walls. It is therefore not a shell antenna that is strongly focused in two planes, in which, as is known, an eccentric paraboloid of rotation is used as a reflector, but rather a directional antenna that is only strongly focused in one plane in the manner of a line radiation source.
  • the side boundary walls are formed at the level of the primary radiator irradiating the reflector for about as long in the direction of antenna radiation that when they are projected onto the side boundary walls - approximately in the middle between the aperture and the reflector, the boundary walls have here a different function than with the shell antenna.
  • the parallel plate antenna they are part of the wave guide system required for the function, whereas they serve as shielding in the case of the shell antenna.
  • the rectilinear aperture-side edges of the two parallel plates run in such a way that the surface vector standing vertically on the aperture is directed obliquely upwards when the primary antenna is below but only so that any reflection energies of the radiation edges can be accommodated in the interior of absorber elements made of dielectric material arranged in the vicinity of the focal point.
  • the aperture-side edges of the parallel plates with the primary radiator lying below run in such a way that the vector perpendicular to the aperture points obliquely downwards, ie differently than according to the invention.
  • US-A-2 724 054 only shows a parabolic cylindrical reflector of a parallel plate antenna which is bent inwards in the aperture area and which, in addition to metal strips arranged vertically between the boundary walls, is intended to improve the aperture assignment and thus a more favorable radiation behavior of the antenna.
  • microwave microwave antenna in shell construction according to the invention has a reflector 1 designed as an eccentric paraboloid of rotation, which according to the offset principle of a Funnel heater 2 is fed with a circular aperture.
  • the antenna is laterally delimited by two boundary walls 3 and 4 and at the bottom by a boundary wall 5 made of metallic material, which is partly provided with an absorber coating.
  • the antenna axis runs through the apex 6 of the reflector 1 and the focal point 7 of the funnel radiator 2.
  • the lateral boundary walls 3 and 4 are formed at the level of the funnel radiator 2 which directly irradiates the reflector 1 in the direction of the antenna radiation for such a long time that the funnel radiator 2 - at its Projection on the side boundary walls 3 and 4 - located approximately in the middle.
  • the radiation from the funnel radiator 2 can thus only emerge directly from the antenna in a narrow angular range.
  • the straight edges of the aperture of the two lateral boundary walls 3 and 4 run obliquely upwards in such a way that the surface vector e perpendicular to the antenna aperture is directed obliquely upwards.
  • an aperture as was customary in the previous shell antennas and as indicated by lines 8 and 9 in FIGS.
  • FIG. 3 shows the oblique view of a mussel antenna according to the invention, which corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with the exception of the bends in the two lateral boundary walls 3 and 4.
  • Lines 10, 11 and 12 are intended to indicate the aperture limits of the shell antenna of the previously customary design.
  • Fig. 4 shows in perspective view the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, i.e. with kinked lateral boundary walls 3 and 4.
  • the kink lines correspond to the lateral aperture edge lines 10 and 11 of the shell antenna according to the previously customary design.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Antenne directive à micro-ondes du type pavillon, comportant un réflecteur (1) réalisé sous la forme d'une section excentrée de paraboloïde de révolution et qui est alimenté conformément au principe offset par un système d'élément actif primaire et est limité latéralement ainsi que vers le bas par des parois métalliques (3, 4, 5), caractérisée par le fait que les parois limites latérales (3, 4) sont réalisées, au niveau de la partie (2), éclairant directement le réflecteur (1), du système d'émetteur primaire, approximativement avec une longueur telle, dans la direction du rayonnement de l'antenne, que cette partie (2) du système d'élément primaire est située - lorsqu'on considère sa projection sur les parois limites latérales- approximativement en position médiane entre l'ouverture et le réflecteur (1), que les bords rectilignes, situés du côté de l'ouverture, des deux parois limites latérales (3, 4) sont disposés de telle sorte que le vecteur surface (e), qui est perpendiculaire à l'ouverture, est dirigé obliquement vers le haut, lorsque le système d'élément actif primaire (2) est situé en position basse, et est dirigé obliquement vers le bas lorsque le système d'élément actif primaire est situé en position haute, que les parois limites latérales (3, 4) sont repliées vers l'intérieur et que les lignes de pliage (10, 11) s'étendent approximativement verticalement, et que - lorsque l'on considère la projection de la partie, qui éclaire directement le réflecteur (1), sur les parois limites latérales (3, 4) - les lignes de pliage (10, 11) sont situées entre cette partie (2) et l'ouverture.
2. Antenne directive à micro-ondes suivant la . revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que l'angle (β) de pliage vers l'intérieur est égal à environ 10°.
3. Antenne directive à micro-ondes suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que la partie, qui éclaire directement le réflecteur (1), du système de l'élément actif primaire est un élément actif en forme d'entonnoir (2), possédant par exemple une ouverture circulaire ou carrée.
4. Antenne directive à micro-ondes suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée par le fait que la partie, qui éclaire directement le réflecteur (1), du système d'élément actif primaire est le réflecteur secondaire d'un système travaillant selon le principe des miroirs multiples, par exemple le système Cassegrain ou Gregory.
EP83106196A 1982-06-28 1983-06-24 Antenne à micro-ondes à faisceau dirigé Expired EP0097932B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83106196T ATE29803T1 (de) 1982-06-28 1983-06-24 Mikrowellen-richtfunkantenne.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3224257 1982-06-28
DE19823224257 DE3224257A1 (de) 1982-06-28 1982-06-28 Mikrowellen-richtfunkantenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0097932A1 EP0097932A1 (fr) 1984-01-11
EP0097932B1 true EP0097932B1 (fr) 1987-09-16

Family

ID=6167130

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83106196A Expired EP0097932B1 (fr) 1982-06-28 1983-06-24 Antenne à micro-ondes à faisceau dirigé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0097932B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5910006A (fr)
AT (1) ATE29803T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3224257A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK294583A (fr)
FI (1) FI73339C (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978967A (en) * 1987-02-13 1990-12-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Offset antenna
GB8817885D0 (en) * 1988-07-27 1988-09-01 British Telecomm Antenna
DE4140841A1 (de) * 1990-12-20 1992-07-02 Siemens Ag Mikrowellen-richtfunkantenne

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2724054A (en) * 1946-01-05 1955-11-15 George J Yevick Pillbox antenna
NL6818798A (fr) * 1968-01-02 1973-08-27
JPS4834437B1 (fr) * 1969-09-08 1973-10-20
DE2505375A1 (de) * 1975-02-08 1976-08-19 Licentia Gmbh Antennensystem bestehend aus einem parabolspiegel und einem erreger
US4051476A (en) * 1976-04-01 1977-09-27 Raytheon Company Parabolic horn antenna with microstrip feed
US4349827A (en) * 1980-11-24 1982-09-14 Raytheon Company Parabolic antenna with horn feed array

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE29803T1 (de) 1987-10-15
JPS5910006A (ja) 1984-01-19
FI73339B (fi) 1987-05-29
DE3224257A1 (de) 1983-12-29
EP0097932A1 (fr) 1984-01-11
FI832338L (fi) 1983-12-29
DE3373750D1 (en) 1987-10-22
DK294583A (da) 1983-12-29
DK294583D0 (da) 1983-06-27
FI832338A0 (fi) 1983-06-27
FI73339C (fi) 1987-09-10

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