EP0101491A1 - Procede de production d'un combustible a partir de dechets - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un combustible a partir de dechets

Info

Publication number
EP0101491A1
EP0101491A1 EP19830900794 EP83900794A EP0101491A1 EP 0101491 A1 EP0101491 A1 EP 0101491A1 EP 19830900794 EP19830900794 EP 19830900794 EP 83900794 A EP83900794 A EP 83900794A EP 0101491 A1 EP0101491 A1 EP 0101491A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
fuel
waste
fermentation
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19830900794
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Hood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0101491A1 publication Critical patent/EP0101491A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of a useful fuel, usable for example for steam-raising, from waste materials.
  • the invention proposes a method for the production of fuel from waste materials comprising fermenting said waste materials in a rotating drum whereby the heat generated can so dry the materials as to prevent any further organic decomposition and thereafter pelletizing the fermented material to form the fuel.
  • the process is a continuous one, rather than a batch process, and reduces the moisture content
  • OMPI y ⁇ r WIPO of the material at the exit from the composting drum to between 23 and 33%, and after the pelletizer to between 18 and 28%.
  • the residence period in the drum is normally less than 12 hours.
  • Waste materials for use in the process are derived from three main sources - houses (domestic waste), trade and agriculture. The proportions of each vary according to the location of the plant. Some of the waste, e.g. metal and glass, has no calorific value for the end fuel and must be removed so far as possible. At the other end of the scale, the more that organic materials, e.g. paper, wood, lastics , packaging or vegetable matter, are present, the higher the eventual calorific value of the fuel. These organic materials are preponderantly present in agricultural wastes, and may also include fibrous material e.g. husks, peelings, etc. from factories operating on agricultural products.
  • fibrous material e.g. husks, peelings, etc.
  • the method is therefore ideally suited to an area which is considerably agricultural but which also has a substantial urban population.
  • waste materials of all descriptions are delivered by lorry to a reception and storage area 10. It is preferred to be able to marshal the waste to produce an even mixture of all the different kinds, if this is not achieved without intervention. From area 10, the waste is
  • OMPI passed to a powerful shredder 11, possibly in the form of a hammer mill.
  • a powerful shredder 11 possibly in the form of a hammer mill.
  • no pre-sorting of the waste is needed; only the very heaviest individual lumps e.g. engine blocks, need to be removed. All other waste will be isintegrated to less than 100 mm particle size, with 98% less than 50mm.
  • the waste passes to a large volume intermediate store 12.
  • This serves as a buffer for smoothing out variations in supply of waste e.g. at weekends, and ensures continuous operation of the fermentation drum.
  • the shredded waste which may have a total moisture content (i.e. free or surface moisture, plus internal moisture) in the region of 38% (the range may be 30 to 60%), can start anaerobic spontaneous fermentation with a consequent temperature rise. In fact, under suitable ambient conditions, its temperature can rise before it enters the fermentation drum to the operating temperature of the drum, i.e. 70 to 80°C. Thus, no heat and no extra water needs to be injected into the drum.
  • the shredded waste is moved by conveyor and/or hopper into the drum 13.
  • the drum may typically have a length of ⁇ Om and a diameter of 4.5m. Its function is to ferment and dry the raw shredded waste.
  • the drum will process on a continuous basis a charge of about 300 tonnes. This will represent a charging rate of about 40 tonnes/hour and a discharge rate of about 30 tonnes/hour, the balance being the water removed.
  • the charge will take between 6 and 12 hours to pass through, the average residence time being in the region of 9 hours and being adjustable according to the charging rate by varying its speed of rotation so as to produce the dryest product possible.
  • a forced air draught is passed through a drier 14 and then in countercurrent through the drum.
  • the air passed through the drum should be dry, since this maximises the amount of water which can be removed and the effiency of the drying process in the drum.
  • the air both removes the moisture released from the waste material, and assists the aerobic fermention. The latter serves to both further break down the waste, and to generate the heat necessary to drive off the water.
  • the water content can be reduced from its starting figure to one in the region of 23 to 25% (by weight) at the drum exit. In fact, it cannot go below the lower figure because the conditions for fermentation cease to exist, and thus heat generation and further dewatering cease.
  • the waste matter has been reduced to a particle size of less than 50 mm. with 90% less than 20mm. However, it still contains both metal and glass, which must now be removed in one or more separators 15. It is a positive advantage that this mineral waste is present in the drum, since it assists considerably in further reducing the particle size while the fermentation ' stage is proceeding. These may be magnetic (for ferrous metal) or gravity (for all heavy fractions). The latter type of separator can be very effective in respect of the waste matter now involved, since the really valuable fibrous waste for the fuel is inevitably very much less dense than all the rest. The metal extracted can obviously be baled and sold as scrap. The nature and amount of the remaining mineral solids, will vary enormously dependant upon the plant location, and must be disposed of as appropriate - possibly as land-fill aggregate.
  • the waste in the form it leaves the separators 15 is ideally suited for pelleting, since it has consistent, fibrous characteristics, without abrasive content, and of suitable moisture level.
  • the pellets are a much more satisfactory fuel product than the loose waste produced by known processes. They can be burnt in conventional boilers, without admixture of coal, and because they are compacted with a smooth outer surface they are m-uch less hygroscopic than the loose fuel. Thus, there is less danger of renewed fermentation with production of noxious liquors and smells. Therefore, the pellets can be stored virtually indefinitely without deterioration (instead of requiring to be burnt immediately), and are easier to handle and require smaller storage space. They are also cheaper to transport.
  • a boiler 18 In the integrated plant described, they are passed to storage 17 and from there as required directly to a boiler 18.
  • This boiler can be used to produce hot water, steam, or electricity, normally without any additional fuel. Its residue of ash is approximately 17% of the dry weight of the original fuel, rather less relative to the actual weight. The ash is also saleable as aggregate.
  • This process and plant is designed for use in an area having a relatively high agricultural/fibrous waste input, and not too high a proportion of dense solids. It also runs at its most economical with a high ambient temperature, such as -exists in, for example, African countries. Samples of typical waste in a central African city gave figures of around 23% paper and cardboard, 60% putrescibles (i.e. vegetable and other organic waste), the remainder being plastics, textiles, metal, glass, etc. It is calculated that a plant handling 200 tonnes of this waste can produce a steam output of 3.633 x 10 KCal at a heat efficiency overall of about 70%. Such an outcome for what is in fact at the same time and primarily a comprehensive waste disposal system must be regarded as highly satisfactory.
  • OMPI energy input to the shredder is higher the less water is present in the waste mate ials,so that overall the heat efficiency of the system may be lower. But the system is still capable of operating on unsorted waste and continuously.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et dispositif de production de combustible à partir de matériaux de déchets, consistant à faire fermenter les matériaux de déchets dans un tambour rotatif (13) de sorte que la chaleur produite peut sécher suffisamment les matériaux pour empêcher toute décomposition organique ultérieure et à réduire ensuite en pastilles dans une pastilleuse (16) le matériau fermenté pour obtenir du combustible.
EP19830900794 1982-02-15 1983-02-11 Procede de production d'un combustible a partir de dechets Withdrawn EP0101491A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8204418 1982-02-15
GB8204418 1982-02-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0101491A1 true EP0101491A1 (fr) 1984-02-29

Family

ID=10528352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830900794 Withdrawn EP0101491A1 (fr) 1982-02-15 1983-02-11 Procede de production d'un combustible a partir de dechets

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0101491A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59500173A (fr)
AU (1) AU1229983A (fr)
GB (1) GB2125821B (fr)
WO (1) WO1983002779A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4613339A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-09-23 Gunnerman Rudolf W Process for preparing and using sweet sorghum in a fuel product
IT1224210B (it) * 1987-04-28 1990-09-26 Daneco Danieli Ecologia Spa Procedimento per la produzione di combustibile da rifiuti solidi urbani comprendente anche la frazione organica compostata
AT391648B (de) * 1987-11-11 1990-11-12 Berger Josef Verfahren zum herstellen getrockneter hackschnitzel aus holz von laubgehoelzen
JP4397971B2 (ja) * 1996-10-21 2010-01-13 ヘルホッフ フェルヴァルツングスゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 廃棄物混合物の分離方法
DE19853151C2 (de) * 1998-11-18 2003-04-03 Ver Verwertung Und Entsorgung Verfahren zur Herstellung von Brennstoff aus Hausmüll
GB0300309D0 (en) * 2003-01-07 2003-02-05 Internat Waste Ind Ltd Method and apparatus for processing solid organic waste
WO2005063946A1 (fr) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-14 Iwi (Holdings) Limited Procede et appareil de traitement de dechets organiques melanges
EP1819645A1 (fr) * 2004-12-02 2007-08-22 O'Kane, Pearse Systeme et appareil bioenergetiques
JP4536744B2 (ja) * 2007-01-16 2010-09-01 株式会社御池鐵工所 有機廃棄物を用いた固形燃料及びその製造方法
JP2009062531A (ja) * 2007-08-13 2009-03-26 Hisakazu Ikeda 乾燥有機物燃料の製造方法及びその製造装置
GB2483426A (en) * 2010-06-15 2012-03-14 Brian David Ferbrache Manufacturing pellets or bricks from damp digested waste material
ITMI20130853A1 (it) * 2013-05-27 2014-11-28 Bioforcetech Corp Sistema e metodo per il trattamento di fanghi di depurazione.
BR102019023148B8 (pt) * 2019-11-04 2020-12-01 Cicero De Lima Prado Antonio digestor aeróbico rotativo

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1248249A (fr) * 1960-02-04 1960-12-09 Traitement des résidus urbains
FR2307866A1 (fr) * 1975-04-18 1976-11-12 Loas Daniel Procede de fabrication de briquettes combustibles a partir de matieres vegetales
GB1551020A (en) * 1976-12-24 1979-08-22 Refuse Derived Fuels Ltd Preparation of fuels
EP0050153A1 (fr) * 1980-04-17 1982-04-28 KEANE, Michael A. Systeme de conversion de dechets en produits utiles
LU83114A1 (fr) * 1981-02-05 1982-09-10 Arbed Procede de fabrication de combustibles a partir de produits recueillis a la sortie d'installations de compostage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8302779A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1229983A (en) 1983-08-25
GB2125821A (en) 1984-03-14
GB8327375D0 (en) 1983-11-16
WO1983002779A1 (fr) 1983-08-18
GB2125821B (en) 1985-11-27
JPS59500173A (ja) 1984-02-02

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