EP0104594B1 - Lampe à double enveloppe. - Google Patents

Lampe à double enveloppe. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104594B1
EP0104594B1 EP83109346A EP83109346A EP0104594B1 EP 0104594 B1 EP0104594 B1 EP 0104594B1 EP 83109346 A EP83109346 A EP 83109346A EP 83109346 A EP83109346 A EP 83109346A EP 0104594 B1 EP0104594 B1 EP 0104594B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mesh
shield
lamp
capsule
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83109346A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0104594A3 (en
EP0104594A2 (fr
Inventor
Philip J. White
Robert S. White, Jr.
William Keefe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0104594A2 publication Critical patent/EP0104594A2/fr
Publication of EP0104594A3 publication Critical patent/EP0104594A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0104594B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104594B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/34—Double-wall vessels or containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/50—Auxiliary parts or solid material within the envelope for reducing risk of explosion upon breakage of the envelope, e.g. for use in mines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to double-enveloped lamps comprising an outer envelope, a light-source capsule and a light transmissive hollow shield which is open at least at one end, said shield being mounted within the outer envelope by means of support wires and said capsule being contained within said shield.
  • GB-A-20 56 760 there is disclosed a double-enveloped lamp as mentioned in the first paragraph above.
  • the shield made of glass forming a sleeve is suggested as being useful as a means to protect against a containment failure of the lamp, notwithstanding the fact that the main function of the glass sleeve is to prevent sodium loss from the arc by trapping ultraviolet light and by shielding the arc tube against photoelectrons.
  • Protecting the outer envelope is only a secondary function and while such sleeve may be effective in containing some arc tube bursts, it has been found that in a substantial percentage of cases the sleeve itself is shattered by the burst and containment failure of the lamp follows.
  • the sleeve taught in this patent offers only limited protection against lamp-containment failures, and such protection is especially tenuous in lamps having light-source capsules in which operating pressures may be as high as 20.27 to 30.4 bars) (20 or 30 atmospheres).
  • an incandescent lamp having a single envelope which is surrounded by a mesh for containment of shards produced by a burst of the lamp.
  • the mesh or net of this prior art protects the surroundings from glass splinters in the event of a burst of the bulb of the lamp. Therefore, the net must have a mesh or stitch or opening size fine enough to contain splinters of virtually any size. This reduces the luminous efficacy of the lamp.
  • a double-enveloped incandescent lamp comprising a mesh surrounding the inner envelope is known.
  • the mesh of this lamp has the function of supporting the inner capsule but not of protecting the environment in case of a containment failure of the lamp.
  • Said protective function is to be accomplished by the outer envelope.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a double-enveloped lamp of the type mentioned in the first paragraph above in which the operating safety characteristics are iproved.
  • a stem for mounting the capsule within the outer envelope, by a mesh surrounding the shield and restricting shards of the capsule and of the shield from shattering said outer envelope in case of a capsule burst, the size of the openings in the mesh being such that those shards of the capsule and of the shield with mass large enough to cause a rupture of the outer envelope are restrained from passing through the mesh and impacting the outer envelope, the mesh being formed from light-reflecting metal wire and causing a minimal reduction in the light transmissiveness of the shield, and by mesh mounting means for mounting mesh on the shield.
  • the surroundings are protected as long as the outer envelope remains intact.
  • the containment mesh need not restrain all shards of the capsule and the shield from passing through the mesh; it need restrain those shards having a mass large enough to rupture the outer envelope.
  • the containment mesh and the outer envelope cooperate to protect the surroundings.
  • the stitch or opening size of the mesh of the instant invention may be larger providing for greater lamp efficacy.
  • the term "light-source capsule” denotes an arc tube of an arc discharge lamp, a halogen capsule of a tungsten halogen lamp, or- any light-emitting capsule within the outer envelope of a lamp where the possibility of a lamp-containment failure exists.
  • efficacy or luminous efficacy used herein are a measure expressed in lumens per watt of the total luminous flux emitted by a light source over all wavelengths divided by the power input of the source.
  • Lamps with light-source capsule containment devices constructed in accordance with the foregoing description will exhibit substantially improved operating safety characteristics when compared to lamps of the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 shows a light-source capsule containment device 2 comprising shield 1, containment means 3, and mounting means 5.
  • Shield 1 is a light-transmissive cylinder.
  • Containment means 3 is a loosely woven wire mesh 4 which is wrapped around and substantially surrounds shield 1.
  • Mesh 4 may be sewn or constructed such that the mesh forms a continuous cylinder around the exterior of shield 1.
  • Mounting means 5 comprises two metal straps 6 which secure mesh 4 to shield 1.
  • Metal straps 5 may be bound by appropriate means, such as welding or clamping.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternate embodiment of light-source capsule containment device 2 comprising shield 9, containment means 11, and mounting means 13.
  • Shield 9 comprises light-transmissive cylinder 15 and dome 17 fused into a single light-transmissive body.
  • Containment means 11 is a loosely-woven wire mesh 12 which surrounds shield 8 laterally and about dome 17.
  • Mesh 12 may be sewn or constructed such that the mesh forms a continuous enclosure around the exterior of shield 9 everywhere except in the vicinity of opening 19.
  • Mounting means 13 comprises a metal strap 14.
  • Mesh 12 may be securely mounted to shield 9 with strap 14. Strap 14 may be be bound by appropriate means, such as welding or clamping.
  • Fig. 3 shows a lamp 8 with light-source containment device 2.
  • Lamp 8 comprises outer envelope 21, light-source capsule 23, stem 25, shield 1, containment means 3, and mounting means 5.
  • lamp 8 is an arc discharge lamp and light-source capsule 23 is a double-ended arc tube 24.
  • Containment device 2, comprising shield 1, containment means 3, and mounting means 5, is the identical embodiment shown in Fig. 1 above.
  • Containment device 2 is mechanically mounted within outer envelope 21 to lamp mount 33 by means of support wires 31 such that containment device 2 substantially surrounds arc tube 24 laterally. Strap 10, being the closer of the two straps of mounting means 5 to lamp mount 33, is rigidly fastened to support - wires 31. Support wires 31 are rigidly fastened to lamp mount 33.
  • Lamp mount 33 is mounted on stem 25: Rigid mechanical fastening may be accomplished by welding, clamping, or other suitable means.
  • shield 1 will absorb a substantial portion of the shards and energy emanating from such burst. Frequently, shield 1 will be shattered by the effects of the burst. At this point, mesh 4 is critical. Mesh 4 will substantially restrict shards of shield 1 and shards of arc tube 24 from shattering outer envelope 21. Thus, the protection against the possibility of a lamp-containment failure has been significantly improved.
  • Fig. 4 shows an enlarged partial view of mesh 4.
  • the stitching of the mesh 4 is approximately square.
  • distance x is size of the stitch.
  • Fig. 5 shows an enlarged partial view of another embodiment of containment means 3 comprising - a rigid mesh 35. This type of mesh or screen is well known.
  • the containment means is a loosely woven wire mesh. In other embodiments, the containment means may be a rigid mesh. In some embodiments, the loosely woven mesh may be preferred because of its superior energy-containing capability. In other embodiments, the rigid mesh may be preferred because of its tractability or greater transmissiveness.
  • the mesh be highly transmissive of visible light so that there will be a minimal effect on the efficacy of the lamp.
  • a certain percentage of light will be reflected by the mesh on the light's first pass through the shield.
  • a portion of the reflected light will be unobstructed by the mesh on the reflected light's subsequent pass or passes through the shield.
  • the net reduction in luminous efficacy is less than would be expected by estimating the percentage of the area of the shield covered by the mesh.
  • efficacy was reduced by less than 5% due to the presence of the mesh. Because of the partial diffusion caused by the mesh, lamps with mesh-containment devices tend to have less glare.
  • the selection of construction materials for the shield and containment means is heavily influenced by the environment within the outer envelope during operation of the lamp and immediately following a burst of the light-source capsule.
  • the ambient temperature about the shield and containment means may be in excess of 300°C.
  • the ambient pressure about the shield and containment means may be in the neighbourhood of 30.4 bars (30 atmospheres). Because of their excellent high-temperature properties and transmissiveness, quartz fused silica, Pyrex (a registered trade mark), and hard glass would be suitable materials for the construction of the shield.
  • Stainless-steel wire with a high chromium content is a preferred material for the construction of the containment mesh and mounting strap or straps because of its superior high-temperature properties, relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion, good resistance to oxidation and corrosion, and high tensile strength.
  • the mesh size i.e., the number of stitches per cm
  • the mesh size should be selected such that the mesh will contain shards with mass large enough to be likely to cause a rupture of the outer envelope in the event of a burst of the light-source capsule.
  • the selection of mesh size is dependent on many factors, such as the type of lamp, the properties of the light-source capsule, the atmosphere within the capsule, the type of mesh, the diameter and tensile strength of the wire in the mesh, etc.
  • arc discharge lamp having a doube-ended arc tube and a cylindrical containment device.
  • arc discharge lamps with double-ended arc tubes employ domed containment devices like the device shown in Fig. 2.
  • arc discharge lamps with single-ended art tubes employ domed containment devices. All of the benefits and variations of embodiments that have been disclosed with respect to arc discharge lamps apply with equal effectiveness and validity to tungsten halogen lamps and more generally to any electric lamps having a light-source capsule within an outer envelope where the possibility of lamp-containment failure exists.
  • Each lamp employed a quartz shield.
  • the containment means was a loosely woven wire mesh surrounding the shield. Mesh sizes ranged from 3 to 8 stitches per cm) (8 to 20 stitches per inch).
  • the mesh was constructed of stainless-steel wire having a diameter of approximately (0,1217 mm (.005 inches).
  • the mounting means comprises one or two stainles-steel straps.
  • the mounting means for securing the containment . means to the shield may be inherent in the shield or containment means.
  • the containment means is secured to-the shield by means of elastic or adhesive forces exerted by the containment means itself.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Lampe (8) à deux enveloppes comprenant une enveloppe exterieure (21), une capsule formant source de lumière et un écran (1) creux transmettant la lumière, qui est ouvert à au moins - une extrémité, le dit écran étant monté à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe extérieure au moyen de fils- support (31) et la dite capsule étant enfermée dans le dit écrans, caractérisée par un pied (25) prévu pour disposer la capsule (23) à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe extérieure, par un filet (3) entourant l'écran (1) et interdisant aux fragments de la capsule (23) et d l'écran (1) de briser de la dite enveloppe extérieure (21) en cas d'éclatement de la capsule, les dimensions des ouvertures dans le filet étant telles que ces fragments de la capsule (23) et de l'écran (1) présentant une masse suffisante pour provoquer la rupture de l'enveloppe extérieure (21) ne puissent pas traverser le filet (3) et heurter l'enveloppe extérieure, le filet (3) étant réalisé avec un fil métallique réfléchissant la lumière et causant une réduction minimale de la transmissivité de la lumière de l'écran (1), et par un moyen (5) de montage du filet pour le montage du filet sur l'écran (1).
2. Lampe selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le filet (3) est tricoté avec du jeu.
3. Lampe selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que l'écran (1) est réalisé en un verre de quartz.
4. Lampe selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le moyen de montage (5) inclut des forces élastiques exercées par le filet (3) lui-même sur l'écran.
EP83109346A 1982-09-23 1983-09-20 Lampe à double enveloppe. Expired EP0104594B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US42231282A 1982-09-23 1982-09-23
US422312 1982-09-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0104594A2 EP0104594A2 (fr) 1984-04-04
EP0104594A3 EP0104594A3 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0104594B1 true EP0104594B1 (fr) 1989-01-25

Family

ID=23674305

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109346A Expired EP0104594B1 (fr) 1982-09-23 1983-09-20 Lampe à double enveloppe.

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0104594B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU570012B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1237111A (fr)
DE (1) DE3379089D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6995513B2 (en) 2001-05-08 2006-02-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Coil antenna/protection for ceramic metal halide lamps

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1190369B (it) * 1985-06-19 1988-02-16 Montefluos Spa Composizioni covulcanizzabili di fluoroelastomeri a migliorata stabilita' chimica
GB8604117D0 (en) * 1986-02-19 1986-03-26 Mclauchlan R A Light tube protector
CA1305995C (fr) * 1987-08-28 1992-08-04 William M. Keeffe Lampe a double enveloppe, avec ecran entourant la source lumineuse, a l'interieur d'une enveloppe externe de forte epaisseur
US4942330A (en) * 1988-09-30 1990-07-17 Gte Products Corporation Lamp assembly utilizing shield and ceramic fiber mesh for containment
US5043623A (en) * 1990-12-06 1991-08-27 Gte Products Corporation Reflector lamp assembly including metal halide arc tube
DE102010044045A1 (de) 2010-11-17 2012-05-24 Osram Ag Entladungslampe

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR852426A (fr) * 1938-04-02 1940-02-01 Philips Nv Perfectionnement apporté aux lampes électriques à incandescence

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE432316A (fr) * 1938-01-25
DE1080225B (de) * 1954-03-17 1960-04-21 Viktor Weiss Langgestreckte rohrfoermige elektrische Lampe
US4281274A (en) * 1979-08-01 1981-07-28 General Electric Co. Discharge lamp having vitreous shield

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR852426A (fr) * 1938-04-02 1940-02-01 Philips Nv Perfectionnement apporté aux lampes électriques à incandescence

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6995513B2 (en) 2001-05-08 2006-02-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Coil antenna/protection for ceramic metal halide lamps

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0104594A3 (en) 1984-11-07
AU570012B2 (en) 1988-03-03
CA1237111A (fr) 1988-05-24
AU1950783A (en) 1984-03-29
EP0104594A2 (fr) 1984-04-04
DE3379089D1 (en) 1989-03-02

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