EP0105332A1 - Procede et appareil de diagnostic de maladies et d'allergies respiratoires - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de diagnostic de maladies et d'allergies respiratoires

Info

Publication number
EP0105332A1
EP0105332A1 EP83901486A EP83901486A EP0105332A1 EP 0105332 A1 EP0105332 A1 EP 0105332A1 EP 83901486 A EP83901486 A EP 83901486A EP 83901486 A EP83901486 A EP 83901486A EP 0105332 A1 EP0105332 A1 EP 0105332A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mist
patient
conduit
microns
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP83901486A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0105332A4 (fr
Inventor
Carl Peter Kremer, Jr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mallinckrodt Inc
Original Assignee
Mallinckrodt Inc
Syntex USA LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mallinckrodt Inc, Syntex USA LLC filed Critical Mallinckrodt Inc
Publication of EP0105332A1 publication Critical patent/EP0105332A1/fr
Publication of EP0105332A4 publication Critical patent/EP0105332A4/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/41—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the immune or lymphatic systems
    • A61B5/411—Detecting or monitoring allergy or intolerance reactions to an allergenic agent or substance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/0813—Measurement of pulmonary parameters by tracers, e.g. radioactive tracers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the diagnosis of respira ⁇ tory diseases and more specifically to a novel and im ⁇ proved method and apparatus utilizing an aerosolized radioactive isotope for ventilation of the lungs to en ⁇ able the production of multiple images of relatively high resolution and contrast to facilitate location of e boli, tumors and the like as well as other diseases affecting the respiratory tract without the danger of hyperdeposition and loss of image clarity.
  • radioactive gases such as xenon and krypton are generally relied upon notwithstanding the relative ⁇ ly high cost entailed in producing the gas, patient in ⁇ convenience, extremely limited time in which to obtain even one image of the lung and the need for containment and disposition of the exhaled gas.
  • This invention overcomes the problems heretofore entailed in the diagnosis of lung diseases and provides a method and apparatus utilizing a radioactive mist which avoids the difficulties entailed with gases as well as the problems heretofore encountered with aero ⁇ sols. More specifically, it has been found that with the utilization of aerosols wherein the particle size is maintained below approximately 1.2 microns with by far the major portion of the particles being well below 1 micron, the mist behaves much the same as a gas and does not produce material rainout or hyperdeposition in the upper respiratory tract, pharynx or trachea. Moreover, there is substantially uniform deposition throughout the entire lung without accumulation at airway branching points and the patient can be in any position and is not required to hold his breath during the scanning opera- tion and ample time is available for multiple scans.
  • the isotope being in aerosol form can, upon being exhaled, be filtered out and safely stored until the radioactivity reaches a safe level for convenient disposition. Radioactive gases however cannot be fil- tered and great care is required for containment and storage, the latter requiring extended periods of time as compared to aerosols.
  • Another object of the invention resides in the pro ⁇ vision of a novel and improved method and apparatus for the diagnosis of lung diseases characterized by its sim ⁇ plicity, reliability, ease of operation and relatively low cost.
  • Still another object of the invention resides in the provision of novel and improved diagnostic apparatus which enables multiple photographic views of the lung to be recorded with little if any patient inconvenience.
  • a still further object of the invention resides in the provision of a novel and improved method and appa ⁇ ratus for making image ventilation studies of the lung which affords greatly improved resolution and contrast.
  • the invention utilizes a nebulizer wherein the maximum particle size is essentially limited to 1.2 ic- rons with a negligible quantity of particles larger than 1.2 microns.
  • a unidirectional air inlet is coupled to the output of the nebulizer and the output is also cou ⁇ pled through a unidirectional flow valve and a T- or Y- connector to a mouthpiece or face mask through which the patient inhales the mist produced by the nebulizer.
  • the third or discharge opening on the connector includes a unidirectional flow valve for the discharge of mist and air exhaled by the patient and a filter for the removal of the radioactive mist.
  • the output from the filter is preferably fed to a suitable container for storage until the radioactivity decays to a safe level for disposal. Since the nebulizer is usually operated continuously by a compressed air supply, means are also provided at the output of the nebulizer to prevent the development of excess pressure during the exhaling periods.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view in partially diagrammatic form of one embodiment of apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • particle sizes not only should not ex- ceed 1.2 microns but that the particles of the aerosol should be in the range of about .056 microns to about 1.2 microns with approximately 90% of the particles be ⁇ ing under 1 micron. Under these conditions, the aerosol behaves as a gas and the desired objectives can be achieved.
  • the radioactive technetium compounds referred to above are generally available in Nuclear Medicine De ⁇ partments for routine clinical diagnostic procedures and accordingly constitute a relatively inexpensive and available aerosol for the conduct of ventilation scans.
  • the nebulizer is gener ⁇ ally denoted by the numeral 10 and includes a compressed gas inlet 11 and an outlet 12.
  • the nebulizer may take any desired form though in the illustrated embodiment, the housing would include a suitable reservoir, an aspi ⁇ rator for producing the mist and the gas such as oxygen or air should be supplied at the rate of the order of 6 to 10 liters per minute.
  • a four-way connector generally denoted by the numeral 13 is coupled to the outlet 12 of the nebu ⁇ lizer 10 by the tubular leg 14.
  • a unidirectional air inlet valve 15 is connected to a second tubular leg 16 of the four-way connector 13
  • a second unidirectional outlet valve 17 and particle filter 18 are connected to a third leg 19 of the four-way connector 13 and a fourth leg 20 of the connector 13 is connected to flexible tub- ing 21 having a bellows configuration for delivery of the aerosol to the patient.
  • the outlet end of the tubing 21 is connected to a third unidirectional valve 23 which may be contained within a second container 24 also formed of lead or other radiation shielding material.
  • the outlet of the one-way valve 23 is coupled to one leg 25 of a Y- con ⁇ nector 26 disposed within the container 24 and the sec ⁇ ond leg 27 of the Y- connector is coupled to a flexible tube 28 similar to that of the tube 21.
  • a mouthpiece 29 for the patient is secured to the end of the tube 28 so that the patient can conveniently inhale the mist generated by the nebulizer 10 together with air entering the one-way valve 15. While a simple mouthpiece 29 has been illustrated, a suitable facemask may replace the mouthpiece if so desired.
  • the unidirectional flow valve 23 may take any desired form and may preferably be ad ⁇ justed to prevent flow during the presence of atmos ⁇ pheric pressure on the downstream side of the valve and provide for free flow when the downstream pressure is reduced during the time the patient is in the process of inhaling.
  • the patient When utilizing aerosols for ventilation scans, the patient may inhale and exhale several times in order to be certain that the radioactive mist has been uniformly deposited throughout the entire lung. During the exhal ⁇ ing periods, the patient will exhale through the mouth ⁇ piece or face ask, as the case may be, and through the tube 28. Since the one-way valve 23 will prevent re ⁇ verse flow of mist, the exhaled aerosol will pass out ⁇ wardly through the leg 30 of the Y- connector 26, a one ⁇ way valve 31 and a filter 32 and the exhaled air and/or gas will be discharged through the tube 33.
  • the filter 32 retains the aerosol exhaled by the patient and con ⁇ tains the filtered aerosol until the level of radio ⁇ activity has decreased to a safe level for convenient disposal.
  • the valve 23 will remain closed and it is therefore desirable to prevent development of excessive pressure within the tube 21 caused by compressed air entering the inlet 11 of the nebulizer 10.
  • the tubing 21. being in the form of a bellows, will tend to expand and thus limit the pressure.
  • the one-way valve 17 may be utilized and adjusted to act as a relief valve to limit the maximum pressure in the tube 21.
  • an aerosol filter 18 is pro ⁇ vided to filter out and contain the aerosol and the re ⁇ maining gas is discharged through the pipe 34. If de- sired, pipes 33 and 34 may be coupled together and fed to a holding container which will retain the gaseous material until the radioactivity has decreased to a level permitting normal disposal.
  • the nebulizer 10 may take any desired form pro- vided however that the aerosol particles generated thereby are within the ranges set forth above.
  • One such nebulizer which will generate a mist meeting the requirements outlined above is illustrated and described in.United States Patent No. 4,116,387.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a modified embodiment of the invention wherein a large particle trap is included in the event the specific nebulizer 10 utilized may have an excess number of large particles.
  • leg 20 extending from the four-way connector 13 is curved up ⁇ wardly and receives the vertical leg of an elbow 35 hav ⁇ ing a plurality of inclined baffles 36.
  • the horizontal output leg of the elbow 35 is then coupled to the bel ⁇ lows-shaped tubing 21 for delivery of the mist to a patient.
  • the baffle arrangement contained within the. albowget 35 provides a circuitous path for the mist with the re ⁇ sult that the larger particles which because of their greater mass will tend to collide with one of the baf- fles and be removed from the remainder of the aerosol. These larger particles upon reconversion to a liquid will automatically drain back into the nebulizer and enter the liquid reservoir therein. If desired, a sep ⁇ arate drain may be employed for returning this liquid directly to the reservoir or to an individual receiver.
  • the method and apparatus for the production of lung scans utilizing an aerosol has been found to be exceedingly effective not only from the standpoint of reduced costs and convenience for the patient but vast- ly improved image scans have been obtainable which greatly facilitate diagnosis of precise difficulties in ⁇ volving the entire lung.
  • the invention is particularly useful for the production of image scans of the lung, it is of course useful for medication of the lung in the treatment of disease.
  • the method and apparatus would be useful for treatment of the lung with antimicrobials, antifungals, tagged anticancer drugs and the like.
  • the method and apparatus is also useful for provocative al- lergy testing to determine the body reaction, for in ⁇ stance, to histamines and antigens such as ragweed and the like.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et appareil consistent à enduire les voies respiratoires pulmonaires d'un patient, de façon sensiblement uniforme, avec une brume formée par aspiration d'un liquide. Les dimensions maximales des particules composant la brume sont limitées à environ 1,2 micron, les dimensions de la plupart des particules variant entre 0,056 micron et 1 micron, ce qui fait que la brume se comporte comme un gaz. Des conduites d'alimentation (21, 28, 29) permettent à un patient d'inspirer, pendant le processus normal de respiration, un mélange de brume et d'un gaz contenant de l'oxygène. Des soupapes (15, 17, 31) reliées aux conduites dévient la brume et le gaz expirés vers une voie d'évacuation. Si le liquide est étiquetté par radioactivité avant la production de la brume, le dépôt uniforme de la brume dans l'ensemble du poumon, sans une accumulation excessive dans les voies respiratoires principales et aux embranchements, permet d'obtenir un balayage des poumons avec des images à définition élevée.
EP19830901486 1982-03-25 1983-03-22 Procede et appareil de diagnostic de maladies et d'allergies respiratoires. Ceased EP0105332A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36176782A 1982-03-25 1982-03-25
US361767 1982-03-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0105332A1 true EP0105332A1 (fr) 1984-04-18
EP0105332A4 EP0105332A4 (fr) 1986-08-21

Family

ID=23423371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830901486 Ceased EP0105332A4 (fr) 1982-03-25 1983-03-22 Procede et appareil de diagnostic de maladies et d'allergies respiratoires.

Country Status (17)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0105332A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59500431A (fr)
AT (1) AT396423B (fr)
AU (1) AU561747B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1245929A (fr)
CH (1) CH660118A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3338525T (fr)
ES (1) ES520954A0 (fr)
GB (1) GB2128095B (fr)
IE (1) IE54016B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1168853B (fr)
NL (1) NL8320128A (fr)
NZ (1) NZ203664A (fr)
PT (1) PT76434B (fr)
SE (1) SE449698B (fr)
WO (1) WO1983003342A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA832117B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8859134B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2014-10-14 Yazaki Corporation Battery connector

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4510929A (en) * 1982-04-30 1985-04-16 Bordoni Maurice E Disposable radioactive aerosol inhalation apparatus
US4782828A (en) * 1983-03-21 1988-11-08 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Radioaerosol delivery apparatus
CA1243784A (fr) * 1984-10-04 1988-10-25 William M. Burch Vapeur de metal de radioelement
JPH0764719B2 (ja) * 1986-09-19 1995-07-12 株式会社泉研究所 薬含有超微細水滴の製造方法
EP0302834A3 (fr) * 1987-08-07 1989-12-20 SORIN BIOMEDICA S.p.A. Procédé de préparation d'aérosols destinés aux examens scintigraphiques de la ventilation du poumon et dispositif approprié
ITPI20020018A1 (it) * 2002-03-28 2002-06-26 Azienda Ospedaliera Pisana Ventilazione polmonare a variazione di flusso
CN113069645A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-06 湖北天勤生物科技有限公司 一种放射性药物雾化系统

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3722511A (en) * 1969-03-06 1973-03-27 Ohio Nuclear Mouthpiece and filtering system
US3800793A (en) * 1971-12-23 1974-04-02 R Marrese Anesthesia apparatus having negative pressure relief means
US3881463A (en) * 1972-04-26 1975-05-06 David E Lemon Radioactive gas inhalator
US3777742A (en) * 1972-09-18 1973-12-11 Barber Colman Co Tantalum insufflator
US3976050A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-08-24 Nuclear Associates, Inc. Device for adsorbing exhaled radioactive gases and process
US3992513A (en) * 1975-01-07 1976-11-16 Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited Labelled phospholipid material colloidially dispersed and sized to localize at preselected organs
US4116387A (en) * 1976-05-11 1978-09-26 Eastfield Corporation Mist generator
US4094317A (en) * 1976-06-11 1978-06-13 Wasnich Richard D Nebulization system
US4177945A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-12-11 Warner-Lambert Company Humidifier unit

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8859134B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2014-10-14 Yazaki Corporation Battery connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2128095A (en) 1984-04-26
IT8348001A1 (it) 1984-09-25
GB2128095B (en) 1986-02-26
ATA901483A (de) 1993-01-15
NZ203664A (en) 1986-02-21
WO1983003342A1 (fr) 1983-10-13
JPH0353946B2 (fr) 1991-08-16
DE3338525T (de) 1984-03-22
IE830659L (en) 1983-09-25
PT76434A (en) 1983-04-01
AU561747B2 (en) 1987-05-14
CH660118A5 (fr) 1987-03-31
SE8306464L (sv) 1983-11-23
JPS59500431A (ja) 1984-03-15
IT1168853B (it) 1987-05-20
IE54016B1 (en) 1989-05-10
SE8306464D0 (sv) 1983-11-23
GB8330116D0 (en) 1983-12-21
CA1245929A (fr) 1988-12-06
ES8403307A1 (es) 1984-03-16
IT8348001A0 (it) 1983-03-25
EP0105332A4 (fr) 1986-08-21
SE449698B (sv) 1987-05-18
ES520954A0 (es) 1984-03-16
AU1510883A (en) 1983-10-24
NL8320128A (nl) 1984-02-01
AT396423B (de) 1993-09-27
PT76434B (en) 1986-01-13
ZA832117B (en) 1983-12-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4803977A (en) Method and apparatus for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases and allergies
US4660547A (en) Method and apparatus for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases and allergies
US5139016A (en) Process and device for aerosol generation for pulmonary ventilation scintigraphy
US5752502A (en) General purpose aerosol inhalation apparatus
US5320094A (en) Method of administering insulin
US5685291A (en) Nebulizer adapter system for premature babies
JP2930988B2 (ja) 薬物投与装置
US6230703B1 (en) Aerosol inhalation device providing improved aerosol delivery
US4094317A (en) Nebulization system
US4598704A (en) Aerosol inhalation device
JP2007533411A5 (fr)
US4703753A (en) Radioactive aerosol inhalation apparatus
JPH06209997A (ja) 患者連結装置
JP2003528681A (ja) 噴霧薬剤の肺への改良放出方法
AU561747B2 (en) Method and apparatus for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases and allergies
CN109715236A (zh) 在患者人工呼吸或支持呼吸期间呼吸控制施用粉末形式的气溶胶
US20180154099A1 (en) Method and apparatus for delivering a fluid to a patient
Rush et al. Pulmonary distribution of aerosolized technetium Tc 99m pentetate after administration of a single dose of aerosolized albuterol sulfate in horses with recurrent airway obstruction
CN210494811U (zh) 一种雾化给药装置
WO1998007464A1 (fr) Appareil d'inhalation d'aerosols pourvu d'une soupape et d'un reservoir
CN212662404U (zh) 一种适用于呼吸道传染性疾病患者的医用雾化器
JPH0211048Y2 (fr)
WO2021202972A1 (fr) Ventilation non invasive (vni)
CN110354352A (zh) 一种儿内科用雾化吸入装置
CN213789376U (zh) 超声雾化吸入器辅助装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE FR

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: SYNTEX (U.S.A.) INC.

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19840410

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 19860821

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: MALLINCKRODT, INC.

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19880502

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED

18R Application refused

Effective date: 19901011

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: KREMER, CARL PETER, JR.