EP0110074A2 - Procédé pour le revêtement multiple de lés en mouvement - Google Patents

Procédé pour le revêtement multiple de lés en mouvement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0110074A2
EP0110074A2 EP83110161A EP83110161A EP0110074A2 EP 0110074 A2 EP0110074 A2 EP 0110074A2 EP 83110161 A EP83110161 A EP 83110161A EP 83110161 A EP83110161 A EP 83110161A EP 0110074 A2 EP0110074 A2 EP 0110074A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
coating
viscosity
layers
bead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83110161A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0110074B2 (fr
EP0110074B1 (fr
EP0110074A3 (en
Inventor
Günther Dr. Koepke
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Frenken
Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. Bussmann
Kurt Browatzki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa Gevaert AG
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert AG
Publication of EP0110074A2 publication Critical patent/EP0110074A2/fr
Publication of EP0110074A3 publication Critical patent/EP0110074A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0110074B1 publication Critical patent/EP0110074B1/fr
Publication of EP0110074B2 publication Critical patent/EP0110074B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/007—Slide-hopper coaters, i.e. apparatus in which the liquid or other fluent material flows freely on an inclined surface before contacting the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
    • B05D7/572—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat all layers being cured or baked together
    • B05D7/5723—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat all layers being cured or baked together all layers being applied simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/582—No clear coat specified all layers being cured or baked together
    • B05D7/5823—No clear coat specified all layers being cured or baked together all layers being applied simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/06—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying two different liquids or other fluent materials, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2252/00—Sheets
    • B05D2252/02—Sheets of indefinite length
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7411—Beads or bead coating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7481—Coating simultaneously multiple layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7492—Slide hopper for head or curtain coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/136—Coating process making radiation sensitive element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for multiple coating of webs continuously guided past a coating location with coating devices according to the bead coating method with a sliding surface coating head.
  • a multilayer process which is important for the photographic industry is the cascade coating process, in which one or more layers flow downwards simultaneously on an inclined surface and are fed via a bead to a continuously moving web over a short distance between the coating edge and the web. Processes of this type are also referred to in the literature as bead coating processes.
  • DE-A 2 712 055 describes a method in which a lowermost layer with a low viscosity and low wet application is applied under a layer with a higher viscosity and a higher layer thickness. Any layer package can then be built up on these two lower layers. It is required that the lower two layers should be constructed from the same materials or materials that do not show photographic effects when mixed together. On the other hand, the mixing of these layers is required during the casting.
  • mixing of the two layers due to vortex formation in the menicus is disadvantageous, which means that there is a possibility of error in the photographic layer.
  • Another limitation of the method arises from the requirement that the first and second layers should either consist of the same material or of materials which do not produce any photographic effects. With this method, speeds of up to 3.55 m per sec. Or 210 m / min can be achieved.
  • the publication DE-A 2 820 708 refers to the disadvantages of the process according to DE-A 2 712 055 mentioned above, in particular to the fact that the layers become slightly unstable when the viscosity is very low. This instability can be prevented to a certain extent by applying a vacuum under the bead between the caster and the web, but these instabilities limit the web speed.
  • it is therefore proposed to choose a material for the lower layer which is normally highly viscous and becomes low-viscosity and thin under shear stress and thus only has the desired low viscosity in the critical coating area, namely in the area of the bead or meniscus.
  • this procedure requires a special one Material selection for the bottom layer, which is not always compatible for the photographic purpose of the entire layer structure.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned with which it is easily possible to achieve a high coating speed without the layers being mixed with one another or the choice of substances for the layer structure being restricted and the photographically effective layer package consists of layers that have a high solids content and a high viscosity and thus a particularly low wet application and a shortening of the drying time is made possible.
  • the object is achieved in that any number of higher-viscosity layers over a is arranged under the layers of the acceleration layer with a viscosity range of 1-20 mPas and a layer thickness of 2-30 ⁇ m, that the bead formation is carried out over a gap distance between the sliding surface coating head and the web to be coated of 100 - 400 ⁇ m, preferably between 100 - 200 ⁇ m and that a vacuum of 0 - 8 mbar, preferably 0 - 3 mbar, is applied under the coating bead.
  • an acceleration layer with a viscosity of 2-10 mPas, preferably of 2-3 mPas and a layer thickness of 2.5-10 ⁇ m, in particular 2.5-5 ⁇ m, is selected.
  • a method which is particularly advantageous in relation to very high coating speeds is characterized in that a further low-viscosity layer as a spreading layer with a viscosity range of 1-10 mPas and a layer thickness of 5-20 ⁇ m is arranged over the low-viscosity acceleration layer and any number of higher-viscosity layers .
  • the lower, low-viscosity, so-called acceleration layer flows between the photographically effective layer package and the coating device and takes over the connection between the layer package and the webs which are continuously passed past the coating point and are to be coated.
  • the narrow gap distance remarkably smoothes the bead into an arc at high web speeds in which no eddies are created.
  • the web is wetted evenly, but mixing of the lowest acceleration layer with the layer or layers above is avoided.
  • the negative pressure under the gap between the web and the sliding surface casting head is kept very low and can in some cases be set to 0 mbar to 1 mbar.
  • the so-called low-viscosity spreading layer is applied as the top layer on the layer package and covers the layer package during its formation, coating and after coating.
  • This type of process implementation makes it possible to use highly viscous solutions with a high solids content and thus a low layer thickness at high pouring speeds in the layer package and thus to save energy in the drying system,
  • the combination of the accelerating layer and the spreading layer enables excellent casting quality with layer packages which otherwise cannot be cast or can only be cast at low coating speeds. Furthermore, it was surprising that when the process was used in the cascade coating process, there was no mixing of the layers, and therefore there was also no fear of a deterioration in the quality of the casting. Furthermore was over It is surprising that this acceleration layer can be set so thin with regard to layer thickness and viscosity that there were no adverse consequences in the further operations, such as when the layers solidified. Furthermore, it was surprising that by using a thin, low-viscosity spreading layer, highly viscous layer packages, which tend to contract, can be spread perfectly. Above all, however, it was surprising that when using the combination of acceleration layer and spreading layer with the cascade or bead coating method, pouring speeds of 400 m / min (6-7 m / s) and more could be achieved.
  • the layer thickness of the highly viscous layer is reduced to 1809 ⁇ m, ie by a factor of 3. This means that in order to obtain the correct web application, this layer only has to be stretched by a factor of 18, whereas in the first case it would have to be drawn by a factor of 57. This high stretching then leads to the breakage of the layer.
  • layer-specific and geometric requirements of the coating device must be combined. Particularly important for the bead coating process is the correct choice of the distance between the casting edge and the web and the choice of the negative pressure under the bead. A small distance between the coating device and the web is necessary for the bead coating according to the present method. This small distance is a prerequisite for achieving the good casting quality, as is the low vacuum which is possible and necessary with it and which can be reduced to zero or almost to zero when the coating is carried out by the process according to the invention. Furthermore, a certain length of the last run-off area must not be undercut in order to enable the acceleration layer to work.
  • the type of layer composition for the acceleration layer ie any polymer solutions, for example gelatin, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharides or, in certain cases, wetting agent solutions can be used.
  • the layer thickness of these solutions can advantageously be chosen so that there is no adverse influence on the layer package - in the case of photographic materials, that is, the photographically active emulsion layers.
  • the effect of the spreading layer which allows a further increase in the coating speed, especially at high viscosities, can be explained as follows: Highly viscous casting solutions have the property of contracting under the influence of the surface tension. This tendency can be reduced by the thin spreading layer that covers the surface of the highly viscous layers.
  • 1 consists of several blocks 13, 14, which are arranged parallel to one another, screwed together and laterally bounded by end plates and include distributor chambers 5, through which the coating liquids 7, 8, 11 via feed channels and metering device (not shown) enter the caster and rise for distribution over the caster width in the column to the outlet slots 9.1 to 9.4.
  • the coating materials 8, 11 flow out of the outlet slits on the inclined surfaces 3 downward and lie one step lower than those already below leaking coating materials.
  • the acceleration layer 7, which is characteristic of this method, emerges from the exit slot 9, 1, which is closest to the pouring bead or meniscus 10.
  • the layer package from the exit slots 9.2 to 9.4 rests on this acceleration layer 7 during the last part of the inclined surfaces 3.
  • the uppermost exit slot 9.4 above the planned layer structure from the slots 9.2 and 9.3 becomes the spreading layer 8 fed. It guarantees a perfect spread position of the layer package by preventing the formation of an interface between the layer package and air.
  • the entire structure of the acceleration layer 7, layer package 11 and spreading layer 8 bridges the meniscus (application bead) of the foundry edge 4 and is guided in such a way that only a minimal suction depth for the bead 10 is generated. It is thereby achieved that the photographically effective layer package 11 lies in a sheet on the substrate to be coated and the accelerating layer 7 between the coating edge 4 and the web 1 forms only a very small% bead 10, which is completely sufficient, even at high Coating speeds to achieve a very good wetting of the web 1 on the casting roller 6.
  • the acceleration layer 7 achieves a considerable reduction in the acceleration forces which act on the layer package 11 to be applied, so that the layer package 11 can be coated on the web 1 without qualitative impairment by the acceleration forces.
  • the spreading layer 8 shields the upper side of the layer package 11 at the interfaces against the reverse air and prevents the highly viscous layers 11 from contracting and thus smoothes the surface of the web coating 2.
  • the considerable and surprising advantage of the method according to the invention for the cascade pouring lies in the unexpected increase in the pouring rates for highly viscous coating materials 11, which is further increased by the additional spreading layer. Casting qualities of high quality are achieved.
  • acceleration layer 7 and the spreading layer 8 require only small amounts of surface-active substances. In certain cases, these layers can also be used without surface-active substances.
  • webs with a variety of e.g. twelve or more layers can be coated with various coating materials.
  • the method of the invention can be used for coating coherent webs of paper, plastic, glass, wood and fabric. Particularly suitable the process, as already mentioned, for casting photographic supports with photographic emulsions.
  • All conventional sheet materials can be used for the production of photographic materials, for example film sheets made of cellulose nitrate, cellulose triacetate, polyvinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene and the like, as well as a wide variety of paper sheets with or without plastic coatings on their surfaces.
  • the process can be used to apply both photographic layers which contain silver halides as photosensitive compounds and those which contain photosensitive dyes or photoconductive zinc oxides and titanium dioxide.
  • the layers may also contain additives other than those known in the field of photographic layer production, e.g. Carbon black, matting agents such as silicon dioxide or polymeric development aids and the like.
  • the photographic layers can also contain various hydrophilic colloids as binders.
  • colloids are, in addition to proteins such as gelatin, cellulose derivatives, polysaccharides such as starch, sugar, dextran or agar. Synthetic polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide or mixtures of such binders, can also be used.
  • the coating method of the invention is of course also non-photographic for the production shear layers applicable, such as for the production of magnetic clay layers or other layers of paint and lacquer.
  • the layers to be applied had the following composition:
  • the coating speed limit was already reached at 50 m / min using a vacuum of 7 mbar.
  • the casting quality was poor.
  • a paper web with a PE coating was used as the material to be coated.
  • the layers to be applied had the following composition:
  • a pouring rate of 100 m / min was achieved, with a negative pressure of 6 mbar was laid.
  • the distance between the pouring device and the Bahr was 175 ⁇ m.
  • the quality of the coating on the paper base with PE coating was good.
  • the pouring speed was 130 m / min at a negative pressure of 7 mbar.
  • the distance between casters could be varied from 100 to 200 ⁇ m with good casting quality.
  • the applied layers showed the following composition:
  • the pouring speed was 200 m / min at a negative pressure of 4 mbar and a casting distance of 175 ⁇ m.
  • the casting quality of the layer package was good.
  • a caster for 6 layers was used for the bead application process.
  • the layers to be applied had the following composition:
  • the pouring rate was 100 m / min at a negative pressure of 4 mbar and a casting distance of 175 ⁇ m.
  • the casting quality of the layer package was good.
  • a coating device according to FIG. 1 was used as a caster for the bead application process for a three-layer coating.
  • the coating data for the individual layers were
  • a coating device was used as a caster for the bead application process for a four-layer coating.
  • the vacuum applied was 1 mbar at a caster / web distance of 175 ⁇ m.
  • Cellulose triacetate was used as the base. The casting quality was very good.
  • a caster according to Fig. 1 was used as the caster for the bead application process for a three-layer cast.
  • the casting dates of the individual layers were as follows:
  • a pouring speed of 250 m / min could be achieved.
  • the vacuum applied was 4.5 mbar with a caster / web distance of 175 ⁇ m.
  • PE paper was used as a base. The casting quality was good.
  • the spreading layer enables a further improvement in the casting quality and an increase in the coating speed; no mixing occurred between the individual layers and between the acceleration layer and the layer above.
  • the spreading layer also does not mix with the underlying photographic layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP83110161A 1982-10-21 1983-10-12 Procédé pour le revêtement multiple de lés en mouvement Expired - Lifetime EP0110074B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823238904 DE3238904A1 (de) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Verfahren zur mehrfachbeschichtung von bewegten bahnen
DE3238904 1982-10-21

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0110074A2 true EP0110074A2 (fr) 1984-06-13
EP0110074A3 EP0110074A3 (en) 1985-11-13
EP0110074B1 EP0110074B1 (fr) 1988-01-07
EP0110074B2 EP0110074B2 (fr) 1991-11-06

Family

ID=6176199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110161A Expired - Lifetime EP0110074B2 (fr) 1982-10-21 1983-10-12 Procédé pour le revêtement multiple de lés en mouvement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4572849A (fr)
EP (1) EP0110074B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59100434A (fr)
DE (2) DE3238904A1 (fr)

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US3206323A (en) * 1962-06-12 1965-09-14 Eastman Kodak Co Coating high viscosity liquids
US3573965A (en) * 1966-12-07 1971-04-06 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Multilayer coating method
BE795896A (fr) * 1972-02-24 1973-08-23 Eastman Kodak Co Materiau pour l'enregistrement magnetique a plusieurs couches et son procede de preparation
DE2238133B2 (de) * 1972-08-03 1976-11-11 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Kaskadengiesser
GB1508802A (en) * 1974-05-22 1978-04-26 Agfa Gevaert Coating of viscous aqueous gelatin compositions on a continuous web support
US4001024A (en) * 1976-03-22 1977-01-04 Eastman Kodak Company Method of multi-layer coating
US4113903A (en) * 1977-05-27 1978-09-12 Polaroid Corporation Method of multilayer coating
JPS5835105B2 (ja) * 1978-12-25 1983-07-30 富士写真フイルム株式会社 塗布装置
US4340621A (en) * 1979-03-06 1982-07-20 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method for preventing formation of a heavy liquid layer on a web at a coating start position
DE2913217A1 (de) * 1979-04-03 1980-10-23 Agfa Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen auftragen mehrerer schichten auf bewegte gegenstaende insbesondere bahnen
JPS56108566A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-08-28 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Simultaneous multilayer coating

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384669A3 (fr) * 1989-02-21 1991-05-08 Konica Corporation Matériau de photographie en couleurs à halogénure d'argent sensible à la lumière

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0110074B2 (fr) 1991-11-06
DE3375227D1 (en) 1988-02-11
DE3238904A1 (de) 1984-04-26
JPS59100434A (ja) 1984-06-09
US4572849A (en) 1986-02-25
EP0110074B1 (fr) 1988-01-07
JPH0339294B2 (fr) 1991-06-13
EP0110074A3 (en) 1985-11-13

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