EP0122830A2 - Filtre optique directionnel - Google Patents

Filtre optique directionnel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0122830A2
EP0122830A2 EP84400518A EP84400518A EP0122830A2 EP 0122830 A2 EP0122830 A2 EP 0122830A2 EP 84400518 A EP84400518 A EP 84400518A EP 84400518 A EP84400518 A EP 84400518A EP 0122830 A2 EP0122830 A2 EP 0122830A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grooves
media
radiant energy
light
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP84400518A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0122830A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard Lawrence Cohen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
Bendix Corp
AlliedSignal Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Corp, AlliedSignal Inc filed Critical Bendix Corp
Publication of EP0122830A2 publication Critical patent/EP0122830A2/fr
Publication of EP0122830A3 publication Critical patent/EP0122830A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses

Definitions

  • This invention relates to radiant energy filtration and more specifically to a directional filter which attenuates radiant energy such as light entering the filter from outside of a pre-determined angle of incidence.
  • the invention is useful for heads down displays in aircraft cockpits, although it may also find utility in a number of other applications using video displays under adverse lighting conditions.
  • Heads down displays of the type described are used to display a wide variety of aircraft navigational information in the cockpit of the craft. Often, different information is superimposed or is presented in detail which is difficult to read under varying ambient light conditions. When ambient light is low, as in night flying, it is a relatively simple task to reduce the brightness of the aircraft display. On the other hand, there are frequently ambient light conditions which require a display brightness that would be impractical either as a result of the capabilities of the display or the safety or comfort of the viewer. For example, if sunlight is creating a high glare condition, the display would not only have to overcome the glare but be bright enough for the information provided by the display to be discernible over background lighting conditions. Additionally, during the aircraft's maneuvering, lighting conditions can be expected to change rapidly. While an optical sensor can be used to sense ambient light intensity conditions, glare conditions can not always be determined by merely measuring ambient light levels.
  • the fixed position of the pilot-viewer enables the use of filter techniques which direct light in a single direction. For this reason, directional filters of various types have been placed in front of the CRT displays in order to block light from external sources which would tend to cause glare, while passing that light from the CRT which is traveling in the direction of the viewer. While there is a certain amount of optical amplitude (brightness) loss inherent in the use of any filter, the loss of brightness is compensated for by the decrease in glare conditions.
  • Prior art light filtration techniques include the use of neutral density filters. Such filters attenuate external source light as well as light from the display; however, external source light necessarily passes the filter twice and, therefore, is blocked by a square of the attenuation of light from the display itself.
  • a notch filter is sometimes used to select the specific colors of light which are generated by or used in connection with the display. Ambient light would be highly filtered because only a small percentage of the ambient light would fall within the range of the notch filter. With the use of color display techniques, the use of a notch filter is less practical since several different wave lengths must be within the admittance bands of the notch filter.
  • Directional filters are used to transmit light only in a desired direction. If it is anticipated that ambient light which would cause glare would emanate from a direction other than that of the anticipated direction of the viewer from the display, it is possible to filter such ambient light using directional filters.
  • a sheet of material is etched in order to form a large number of holes. The surfaces of the material at the holes have a high absorbency in order to eliminate reflection along the holes and at the surface of the sheet. Frequently, the sheets are stacked in order to enhance the attenuation effect of the filter. This technique is frequently expensive and may have light attenuation characteristics which are excessive.
  • Another directional filtration technique involves the construction of a filter plate from a plurality of sheets of thin material.
  • the thin sheets are stacked so that each sheet is parallel to an admittance direction of light.
  • the filter plate is taken from the stack of sheets by cutting a slice across the stack. This results in the filter plate being generally orthogonal to the direction of the individual thin sheets from which it is made, with the slice direction varying from the orthogonal direction for central viewing angles which vary from normal to the surface of the filter.
  • This technique is subject to slight optical distortion and such a filter is expensive to produce.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a light filter which has high attenuation ratio for unwanted-verses-wanted light. It is desired that such a filter have minimal attenuation of light in a desired viewing direction and have a maximum attenuation of light passing from beyond a given angle. It is further desired that the filter be useable with full color displays, as well as for the viewing of external conditions, as in the case of heads-up displays. It is further desired that the filter maintain a high effectiveness in adverse ambient lighting conditions with a minimum of attenuation of displayed lighting under those adverse conditions.
  • the desired filter would be useful for direct view displays having passive and active illumination characteristics, as well as heads-up displays (HUD'S) and wind screens used for external viewing by humans and electronic sensors.
  • a radiant energy filter is formed from a transparent plate having a plurality of etched grooves thereon.
  • the grooves have a high energy absorbency characteristic, particularly for energy radiating toward the grooves from within the plate. Therefore, radiant energy entering the plate from an angle which would cause the radiant energy to impinge upon the grooves is highly attenuated, whereas radiant energy entering the plate and not impinging upon the grooves is attenuated only by the optical characteristics of the plate.
  • Advantages include a high attenuation-to-attenuation ratio for light entering from beyond a view range, as compared with light entering from within a view range. Further advantages include a high filtration efficiency in a wide variety of applications.
  • the directional optical filter consists of a substantially transparent plate 13 having a plurality of grooves 15 cut into one side 16 of the plate 13.
  • the grooves 15 extend in a parallel fashion across the face of the plate 13, as can be seen in Figure 2. It is alternatively possible to arrange the grooves 15 in different patterns, such as concentric circles (not shown).
  • the grooves 15 have a high light absorbency characteristic for light entering the grooves 15 from within the plate 13.
  • the absorbency of light passing from within the plate 13 to the grooves 15 is 0.9 or greater, where 1.0 is perfect absorbency.
  • the grooves 15 may be filled with light absorbing material 18 so that light impinging upon the grooves 15 from outside of the plate 13 is also absorbed at the grooves 15.
  • the grooves 15 are created by etching the plate 13 through a mask.
  • the grooves 15 are formed by using a special mold for the filter plate 13. The mold (not shown) would have appropriate knife edges along a surface corresponding to side 16 of the plate 13.
  • the plate 13 is made of a media which is able to transmit the radiant energy to be filtered, in this case light.
  • Typical materials include glass, epoxy and methyl methacrylate.
  • the media itself may have radiant energy filtering properties.
  • the media may include a polarized light filter, a neutral density partial absorption characteristic or a selective filtration characteristic.
  • any light passing through the plate 13 will either hit or miss one of the grooves 15 according to the direction that the 1ight is travelling with respect to the plate 13 and the proximity of the light's path to the grooves 15. That light impinging upon the grooves 15 is for the most part absorbed and that light not impinging upon the grooves 15 is for the most part transmitted. Beyond a certain angle 0, substantially all light is absorbed. Taking into account the refraction characteristics of the plate 13 itself, this angle 0 translates to an exterior angle of 0.
  • This absorbency rate is maintained more or less constant for angles from the normal direction which do not exceed the angular cut from normal of the grooves 15.
  • the absorbency of the filter 11 is reduced in a linear fashion between that angular direction and 0 (or ⁇ ', according to one's point of reference).
  • the effects of the filter 11 are such that the viewer can be looking from either side A or B.
  • the viewer will probably be observering from side A because an anti-reflection coating (not shown) will be used in such a way that the anti-reflection coating will cover the light absorbing material 18 in the grooves 15.
  • Anti-glare coatings are well known, with the anti-glare coatings of the present invention being defined by military specification MIL-C-14806A.
  • the optical filter 11 is shown placed over a passive display such as a liquid nematic crystal display 21.
  • a separate light dispersing element 23 is disposed between the display 21 and the filter 11 in Order to provide illumination for the display 21 when needed. This may be necessary where the direction of illuminating light exceeds the angle 0 ( Figure 1).
  • the illuminating light would, of course, come from a preferred direction and have preferred spectral characteristics, thereby reducing induced glare in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
  • external light source 25 with the filter, provided that the absorbency characteristics of the filter 11 are taken into consideration. In practice, it is unlikely that the optical filter would be used with a purely passive display, but it is anticipated that some displays will use a combination of passive and active display elements, thereby necessitating the use of anti-glare filteration.
  • the filter 11 is shown as placed against a conventional face plate 31 for a cathode ray tube (CRT). As is the case with the above configurations, it is possible to invert the filter 11 so that the grooves 15 face the displayed image, that is, the image transmitted through a face plate 31.
  • CRT cathode ray tube
  • the grooves 15 can be laid out as concentric circles (not shown), thereby effectively reducing glare from a variety of directions. It is also possible to form the grooves 15 at an angle other than normal to the side 16 from which they extend (configuration not shown). This creates a central viewing direction which is at an angle other than normal to the plate 13.
  • the present invention is also adaptable to shorter wave length energy such as ultraviolet light and to longer wave length energy such as infrared and microwave energy.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
EP84400518A 1983-03-17 1984-03-14 Filtre optique directionnel Ceased EP0122830A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/476,297 US4621898A (en) 1983-03-17 1983-03-17 Directional optical filter
US476297 1983-03-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0122830A2 true EP0122830A2 (fr) 1984-10-24
EP0122830A3 EP0122830A3 (fr) 1987-06-10

Family

ID=23891286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400518A Ceased EP0122830A3 (fr) 1983-03-17 1984-03-14 Filtre optique directionnel

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4621898A (fr)
EP (1) EP0122830A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59177501A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0354672A3 (fr) * 1988-08-08 1990-10-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Film collimateur de lumière
EP0658780A1 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1995-06-21 Raimondi, Enrico Filtre directionnel pour appareil d'éclairage et procédé de fabrication
US8416355B2 (en) 2007-06-20 2013-04-09 Tc View Ltd. Directional filter device for controlling direction of maximal blocking of incident light

Families Citing this family (99)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0430561Y2 (fr) * 1985-06-21 1992-07-23
US5204160A (en) * 1988-08-08 1993-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light-collimating film
US4973139A (en) * 1989-04-07 1990-11-27 Hughes Aircraft Company Automotive head-up display
US4997263A (en) * 1989-06-12 1991-03-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Ambient light illuminated liquid crystal display system
US5382985A (en) * 1991-06-14 1995-01-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Thermorefractive optical switch
US5243464A (en) * 1992-07-20 1993-09-07 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Damage tolerant light absorbing material
FR2738355B1 (fr) * 1995-08-28 1997-10-31 Aerospatiale Piege a lumiere
US5877829A (en) * 1995-11-14 1999-03-02 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid crystal display apparatus having adjustable viewing angle characteristics
JP3764205B2 (ja) * 1996-04-10 2006-04-05 株式会社きもと 視界制御シートの製造方法
US6473220B1 (en) 1998-01-22 2002-10-29 Trivium Technologies, Inc. Film having transmissive and reflective properties
US6612840B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-09-02 L-3 Communications Corporation Head-up display simulator system
JP2004513483A (ja) * 2000-11-02 2004-04-30 スリーエム　イノベイティブ　プロパティズ　カンパニー 明るさおよびコントラスト増強直視型発光型ディスプレイ
US6398370B1 (en) 2000-11-15 2002-06-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Light control device
GB0131088D0 (en) * 2001-12-29 2002-02-13 Meritor Automotive Gmbh Sun blind assembly
US7595934B2 (en) 2002-03-26 2009-09-29 Brilliant Film Llc Integrated sub-assembly having a light collimating or transflecting device
US7345824B2 (en) 2002-03-26 2008-03-18 Trivium Technologies, Inc. Light collimating device
US6905219B2 (en) * 2002-05-09 2005-06-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Display device
US20030231151A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-18 Barlow James E. Apparatus and method for light enhancing
TW200506446A (en) * 2003-05-20 2005-02-16 Trivium Technologies Inc Devices for use in non-emissive displays
JP2005338270A (ja) * 2004-05-25 2005-12-08 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 視野角制御シート
JP2006171700A (ja) * 2004-11-18 2006-06-29 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 視野角制御シート及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置
JP2006171701A (ja) * 2004-11-18 2006-06-29 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 視野角制御シート及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置
US7616332B2 (en) 2004-12-02 2009-11-10 3M Innovative Properties Company System for reading and authenticating a composite image in a sheeting
DE102005041242A1 (de) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-01 Merck Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Strukturierung von Oberflächen von Substraten
DE112007000148T5 (de) 2006-01-12 2008-11-20 3M Innovative Properties Co., St. Paul Licht kollimierender Film
US20100007818A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2010-01-14 Nec Corporation Illumination apparatus, illuminating method and display apparatus
JP4816395B2 (ja) * 2006-10-12 2011-11-16 株式会社日立製作所 映像表示装置及びそれに用いられる光拡散部材
US7800825B2 (en) 2006-12-04 2010-09-21 3M Innovative Properties Company User interface including composite images that float
DE602007010407D1 (de) * 2006-12-05 2010-12-23 Lg Electronics Inc Film für Anzeigevorrichtung, Filter mit Film und Anzeigevorrichtung mit Filter
US8459807B2 (en) 2007-07-11 2013-06-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Sheeting with composite image that floats
EP2208096B1 (fr) 2007-10-16 2019-11-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Film anti-reflet à transmission plus élevée
CN103257379B (zh) 2007-11-27 2015-08-05 3M创新有限公司 形成具有悬浮合成图像的片材的母模
US8213082B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2012-07-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Light control film
US8908151B2 (en) * 2008-02-14 2014-12-09 Nikon Corporation Illumination optical system, exposure apparatus, device manufacturing method, compensation filter, and exposure optical system
US20090213593A1 (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-27 Reflexite Corporation Optical device and system for black level enhancement and methods of use thereof
WO2009108896A1 (fr) 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 Brilliant Film, Llc Concentrateurs pour systèmes de génération d’énergie solaire
KR20090101084A (ko) * 2008-03-21 2009-09-24 후지논 가부시키가이샤 촬상 필터
US8210724B2 (en) * 2008-03-24 2012-07-03 I/O Controls Corporation Low glare lighting for a transit vehicle
US8205995B2 (en) * 2008-08-07 2012-06-26 Reflexite Corporation Optical device and system for privacy or contrast enhancement and methods of use thereof
US8057715B2 (en) * 2008-08-28 2011-11-15 Reflexite Corporation Method for making an optical device and system for privacy or contrast enhancement
US8111463B2 (en) 2008-10-23 2012-02-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods of forming sheeting with composite images that float and sheeting with composite images that float
US7995278B2 (en) 2008-10-23 2011-08-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods of forming sheeting with composite images that float and sheeting with composite images that float
US20100264163A1 (en) * 2008-11-13 2010-10-21 Tevs Nikolai R Product Dispensing Apparatus And Method
DE112010001150T5 (de) 2009-03-10 2012-05-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Benutzerschnittstelle mit einem zusammengesetzten Bild, welches schwebt
WO2010148082A2 (fr) 2009-06-18 2010-12-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Film anti-reflet
EP2550146B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2018-09-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Filière d'extrusion et procédé pour la fabrication d'un extrudat à bandes multiples
EP2550155B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2020-11-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Couche composite
CN103597379B (zh) 2011-05-25 2016-10-05 3M创新有限公司 光控膜
JP6529260B2 (ja) 2011-10-05 2019-06-12 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 三次元ポリマーストランドネット、ダイ及びその製造方法
USD689054S1 (en) 2012-01-09 2013-09-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Foldable case for a tablet electronic device
USD689055S1 (en) 2012-01-09 2013-09-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Multi-panel case for a tablet electronic device
JP2015516900A (ja) 2012-03-26 2015-06-18 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 開口部の配列を含むフィルム及びその製造方法
USD678294S1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-03-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Case for a tablet electronic device
BR102013013559A2 (pt) 2013-05-31 2015-07-14 Roberto Massaru Amemiya Filmadora com captação tridimensional de raios e televisão produtora de imagem real formada à frente e atrás da superfície da televisão; dispositivos de filtro de raios paralelos; cristais líquidos emparelhados ou movimento de células ópticas ou filtro de raios paralelos com conjunto de lentes móveis incluindo lentes flexíveis multifocais; processos para obtenção desses dispositivos
US10185058B2 (en) 2013-07-01 2019-01-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Protection film suitable for illuminated display devices
CN106662743A (zh) 2014-06-30 2017-05-10 3M创新有限公司 360度保密膜
US20160124126A1 (en) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-05 Sergiy Vasylyev Angular selective light control sheeting and method of making the same
CN108351951B (zh) 2015-10-26 2023-02-07 瑞尔D斯帕克有限责任公司 智能隐私系统、设备及其方法
US11079619B2 (en) 2016-05-19 2021-08-03 Reald Spark, Llc Wide angle imaging directional backlights
CN110809732B (zh) 2017-05-08 2025-01-10 瑞尔D斯帕克有限责任公司 用于成像定向背光源的光学叠堆
EP3622342A4 (fr) 2017-05-08 2021-02-17 RealD Spark, LLC Empilement optique pour affichage directionnel
US10126575B1 (en) 2017-05-08 2018-11-13 Reald Spark, Llc Optical stack for privacy display
US11227964B2 (en) 2017-08-25 2022-01-18 California Institute Of Technology Luminescent solar concentrators and related methods of manufacturing
TWI878209B (zh) 2017-09-15 2025-04-01 美商瑞爾Ｄ斯帕克有限責任公司 顯示裝置及應用於顯示裝置的視角控制光學元件
US10948648B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-03-16 Reald Spark, Llc Backlights having stacked waveguide and optical components with different coefficients of friction
US11070791B2 (en) 2017-11-06 2021-07-20 Reald Spark, Llc Privacy display apparatus
CN109976082B (zh) * 2017-12-14 2021-11-23 台湾扬昕股份有限公司 投影幕及吸光膜
CN115718382A (zh) 2018-01-25 2023-02-28 瑞尔D斯帕克有限责任公司 用于防窥显示装置的反射式光学堆叠物
EP3743766B1 (fr) 2018-01-25 2026-02-11 RealD Spark, LLC Écran tactile pour affichage de confidentialité
US10935714B2 (en) 2018-03-22 2021-03-02 Reald Spark, Llc Optical waveguide for directional backlight
US11362229B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2022-06-14 California Institute Of Technology Epitaxy-free nanowire cell process for the manufacture of photovoltaics
US10955715B2 (en) 2018-06-29 2021-03-23 Reald Spark, Llc Optical stack for privacy display
US20210271095A1 (en) * 2018-07-12 2021-09-02 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Optical path control member and display device comprising same
US11073735B2 (en) 2018-07-18 2021-07-27 Reald Spark, Llc Optical stack for switchable directional display
US11041338B2 (en) * 2018-08-21 2021-06-22 California Institute Of Technology Windows implementing effectively transparent conductors and related methods of manufacturing
WO2020072643A1 (fr) 2018-10-03 2020-04-09 Reald Spark, Llc Appareil de commande d'affichage de confidentialité
CN113167953B (zh) 2018-11-07 2023-10-24 瑞尔D斯帕克有限责任公司 定向显示设备
US11287677B2 (en) 2019-01-07 2022-03-29 Reald Spark, Llc Optical stack for privacy display
US11029566B2 (en) 2019-02-12 2021-06-08 Reald Spark, Llc Diffuser for privacy display
US11939688B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2024-03-26 California Institute Of Technology Apparatus and systems for incorporating effective transparent catalyst for photoelectrochemical application
TWI912252B (zh) 2019-07-02 2026-01-21 美商瑞爾Ｄ斯帕克有限責任公司 定向顯示設備
EP4007930B1 (fr) * 2019-08-02 2025-10-08 RealD Spark, LLC Empilement optique d'affichage de confidentialité
US11114063B2 (en) 2019-10-02 2021-09-07 Reald Spark, Llc Privacy display apparatus
CN114846393B (zh) 2019-11-13 2024-12-03 瑞尔D斯帕克有限责任公司 离轴显示装置
WO2021118936A1 (fr) 2019-12-10 2021-06-17 Reald Spark, Llc Contrôle du reflet d'un dispositif d'affichage
EP4078254B1 (fr) 2019-12-18 2024-09-25 RealD Spark, LLC Commande de lumière ambiante pour un dispositif d'affichage de confidentialité
WO2021222598A1 (fr) * 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Reald Spark, Llc Appareil d'affichage directionnel
US11353752B2 (en) 2020-04-30 2022-06-07 Reald Spark, Llc Directional display apparatus
WO2021222615A1 (fr) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Reald Spark, Llc Appareil d'affichage directionnel
US12402418B2 (en) 2020-06-12 2025-08-26 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for non-epitaxial high Schottky-barrier heterojunction solar cells
EP4189285A4 (fr) 2020-07-29 2024-07-24 RealD Spark, LLC Rétroéclairage pour affichage directionnel commutable
TWI898003B (zh) 2020-07-29 2025-09-21 美商瑞爾Ｄ斯帕克有限責任公司 光瞳照明裝置
US11892717B2 (en) 2021-09-30 2024-02-06 Reald Spark, Llc Marks for privacy display
US11977286B2 (en) 2022-02-09 2024-05-07 Reald Spark, Llc Observer-tracked privacy display
TW202332973A (zh) 2022-02-09 2023-08-16 美商瑞爾Ｄ斯帕克有限責任公司 具均勻減低偏軸亮度之顯示裝置
US11892718B2 (en) 2022-04-07 2024-02-06 Reald Spark, Llc Directional display apparatus
US12523899B2 (en) 2023-04-25 2026-01-13 Reald Spark, Llc Switchable privacy display
WO2025030030A2 (fr) 2023-08-03 2025-02-06 Reald Spark, Llc Affichages de confidentialité
US20260010000A1 (en) * 2024-07-03 2026-01-08 Oren Aharon Window Type Beam Sampler With Mitigated Ghosting Effect

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2053173A (en) * 1930-05-14 1936-09-01 Astima Eugene Shadow producing screen for luminous projections and other applications and process for its manufacture
US2909770A (en) * 1953-11-25 1959-10-20 Gen Electric Transmission screen
US3215776A (en) * 1963-04-29 1965-11-02 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Television set with ambient light trapping filter
US3215777A (en) * 1963-10-15 1965-11-02 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Ambient light trapping filter for cathode ray tubes
JPS4721552U (fr) * 1971-03-05 1972-11-10
US4076978A (en) * 1975-07-07 1978-02-28 Baird-Atomic, Inc. Fiber optic bundle beam expander with image intensifier
FR2462723A1 (fr) * 1979-07-27 1981-02-13 Thomson Csf Filtre directif pour ecran de visualisation, sa methode de fabrication, et systeme de visualisation, tube cathodique notamment, muni d'un tel filtre

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0354672A3 (fr) * 1988-08-08 1990-10-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Film collimateur de lumière
AU620898B2 (en) * 1988-08-08 1992-02-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light-collimating film
EP0658780A1 (fr) * 1993-12-01 1995-06-21 Raimondi, Enrico Filtre directionnel pour appareil d'éclairage et procédé de fabrication
US8416355B2 (en) 2007-06-20 2013-04-09 Tc View Ltd. Directional filter device for controlling direction of maximal blocking of incident light

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0122830A3 (fr) 1987-06-10
US4621898A (en) 1986-11-11
JPS59177501A (ja) 1984-10-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4621898A (en) Directional optical filter
EP3769516B1 (fr) Guide d'onde optique pour rétro-éclairage directionnel
US3491245A (en) Guided light display panel
US5280371A (en) Directional diffuser for a liquid crystal display
US4932755A (en) Optical transparency having an electromagnetic pulse shield
EP0727678B1 (fr) Dispositif a source lumineuse en surface
CA1307110C (fr) Dispositif d'affichage
US4349817A (en) Liquid crystal display system using fiber optic faceplates
US5440197A (en) Backlighting apparatus for uniformly illuminating a display panel
EP0760490B1 (fr) Dispositif d'affichage d'image
US20040263969A1 (en) Lenticular antireflection display
EP0750209A1 (fr) Feuille de guidage de lumière et méthode de fabrication de celle-ci
US11347260B2 (en) Front light module and display device having the same
US4553818A (en) Directional filter for filtering ambient light
GB2126367A (en) Antiglare device method
US3511560A (en) Ambient light filter
EP1566590B1 (fr) Dispositif d'eclairage et dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides
US4995701A (en) Anti-glare filter with improved viewing area
US4575767A (en) Low-moire directional optical filter for CRT displays
US4712869A (en) Three dimensional stacked reproduction screen
US4515442A (en) Optical filter device
US8681290B1 (en) System for improvement of light insertion into a light guide from light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
EP0122829A2 (fr) Plaque de couverture dirigeante de lumière
JPH04281422A (ja) ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置
EP0022667A2 (fr) Aide visuelle à l'atterissage utilisant un projecteur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): DE FR

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19871113

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ALLIED-SIGNAL INC. (A DELAWARE CORPORATION)

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890823

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED

18R Application refused

Effective date: 19900730

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: COHEN, RICHARD LAWRENCE