EP0126700A1 - Unterkathodisches Schutzblech mit verformbaren Teilen für Elektrolyseöfen des Typs "Hall-Héroult" - Google Patents

Unterkathodisches Schutzblech mit verformbaren Teilen für Elektrolyseöfen des Typs "Hall-Héroult" Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126700A1
EP0126700A1 EP84420085A EP84420085A EP0126700A1 EP 0126700 A1 EP0126700 A1 EP 0126700A1 EP 84420085 A EP84420085 A EP 84420085A EP 84420085 A EP84420085 A EP 84420085A EP 0126700 A1 EP0126700 A1 EP 0126700A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
cathode
thick
thickness
steel sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84420085A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0126700B1 (de
Inventor
Yves Bertaud
Michel Leroy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto France SAS
Original Assignee
Aluminium Pechiney SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminium Pechiney SA filed Critical Aluminium Pechiney SA
Publication of EP0126700A1 publication Critical patent/EP0126700A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0126700B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126700B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C25C3/085—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes characterised by its non electrically conducting heat insulating parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the construction of electrolytic cells for the production of aluminum by the Hall-Héroult process. It relates more particularly to a screen intended to prevent the infiltration of the constituents of the electrolyte into the sub-cathodic space.
  • the tanks for the production of aluminum by the Hall-Héroult process consist universally of a metal box whose bottom is lined with refractory and insulating material, which supports the carbonaceous blocks forming the cathode on which the liquid aluminum is deposited.
  • the seal between the cathode blocks and between the cathode blocks and the walls of the box is generally ensured by a carbonaceous paste based on pitch and coke or anthracite.
  • cryolite - From the first heating, cracks can form through the play of differential expansions, through which the molten electrolyte - essentially constituted by cryolite - begins to infiltrate. This infiltration of cryolite tends to degrade the insulating properties of the underlying refractory material.
  • Liquid aluminum can also infiltrate through the same routes, and therefore attack the insulating refractories located between the carbon cathode and the metal box. In fact, these refractories generally comprise silica or silicates, reducible by liquid aluminum.
  • the object of the invention is a metal steel screen, placed under the base of the carbon blocks constituting the cathode of the electrolysis cell, and extending at least over the entire space located below the cathode. , characterized in that it is constituted by at least one continuous steel sheet of which at least half of the surface consists of a part having at least 5 mm, and preferably from 8 to 12 mm thick, and which comprises at least one deformable zone absorbing the stresses due to temperature differences between the central part, located directly above the cathode, and the peripheral part.
  • the deformable zone can be constituted by at least one closed profile, with a wall thickness less than the thickness of the thick steel sheet or by at least one open profile with equal or less wall thickness to the thickness of the thick steel sheet, or else by a steel sheet of thickness less than the thickness of the thick screen, disposed at the periphery of said screen, extending in the zone situated substantially at the outside of the vertical alignment of the cathode blocks, connected to the thick screen by a continuous weld.
  • the screen can also be made up of two distinct parts, one, thick, at least 5 mm thick, provided with means for absorbing the stresses of expansion, the other, made up of a plurality of thin sheets in superimposed relationship, each less than 5 mm thick, arranged between the base of the carbon blocks and the thick part, directly above the cathode.
  • the cathode of the electrolytic cell consists of carbon blocks (1), assembled by seals (2) made of carbon paste.
  • the steel cathode bar (3) is sealed with cast iron in a housing (4), at the base of the carbon block (1).
  • the screen (6) made of sheet steel with a thickness at least equal to 5 mm, (and preferably between 8 and 12 mm), is constituted by a certain number of sections (6A, 6B) connected by means of a hollow profile such as a steel tube (7) on which they are welded by a continuous watertight bead (8).
  • the thickness of the walls of the tube (7) is less than the thickness of the screen sheet (6) so that the tubes constitute a deformation zone which absorbs the expansions of the screen: it can for example be equal to half (3 mm for a 6 mm screen plate).
  • the screen rests on the lining (9) at the bottom of the box.
  • the element absorbing the expansions can be a square tube (11) whose wall thickness is also of the order of half the thickness of the screen, or an open profile such as a square half-tube (12), which offers more flexibility, but can constitute a point of weakness due to the reduced thickness, and the risk of faster breakthrough which results therefrom.
  • the arrangement (13) of FIG. 2B is also very favorable from the point of view of flexibility, but has the same drawback.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the second embodiment of the invention. It shows, very schematically, an electrolysis tank in cross section, with the metal box (14), the side lining (15) in carbonaceous paste, the cathode blocks (1) in which the cathode bars (3) are sealed. steel, the sheet of liquid aluminum (16), the electrolyte (17), the anode system (18), the laying bed (9) of the screen (19) and the heat-insulating brickwork of the bottom of the box.
  • the screen (19) consists of a thick steel sheet (>, 5, and preferably about 8 to 12 mm) throughout the part where the thermal gradient is weak, that is to say substantially perpendicular to the cathode blocks (1).
  • the temperature of the different parts of the screen is indicated in the lower part of Figure 3.
  • peripheral zone of the screen where there is a significant thermal gradient (800 to 500 ° C.), it has been extended by a peripheral part made of thin sheet metal (21), for example 2 to 5 mm, therefore less conductive of heat and more easily deformable, especially in traction.
  • the thin sheet is connected to the thick part by a sealed continuous weld (22).
  • this thin sheet will present when cold (20 ° C) an elongation limit at break greater than 2%.
  • the thick part of the screen represents more than 50 ° o of the total surface of the cathode blocks.
  • the thinned, deformable peripheral part is preferably situated outside the vertical line of the cathode, that is to say in the region with a high thermal gradient.
  • the screen can either be placed directly on the thermal insulating brickwork (20), or on an intermediate laying bed (9), and it can be separated from the cathode blocks by the laying bed powdery (5).
  • Another means of improving the efficiency and the lifespan of the screen consists in simultaneously using the device which is the subject of our French patent application 8308334 which consists of a thick sheet steel plate (23) connected to each cathode bar (3) by welding and in electrical contact with at least 50 ° o of the surface of the base of the carbonaceous block (1) either directly or via a bonding layer (24), elastic and conductive current, for example graphite or carbon felt.
  • the implementation of the invention makes it possible to significantly increase the life of the electrolytic cells, and to maintain until the end, the heat losses as low as possible.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
EP84420085A 1983-05-16 1984-05-14 Unterkathodisches Schutzblech mit verformbaren Teilen für Elektrolyseöfen des Typs "Hall-Héroult" Expired EP0126700B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8308333 1983-05-16
FR8308333A FR2546183B1 (fr) 1983-05-16 1983-05-16 Ecran sous-cathodique comportant des zones deformables, pour les cuves d'electrolyse hall-heroult

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126700A1 true EP0126700A1 (de) 1984-11-28
EP0126700B1 EP0126700B1 (de) 1987-03-18

Family

ID=9289004

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84420085A Expired EP0126700B1 (de) 1983-05-16 1984-05-14 Unterkathodisches Schutzblech mit verformbaren Teilen für Elektrolyseöfen des Typs "Hall-Héroult"

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4488955A (de)
EP (1) EP0126700B1 (de)
AU (1) AU558957B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1228834A (de)
DE (1) DE3462702D1 (de)
ES (1) ES288257Y (de)
FR (1) FR2546183B1 (de)
GR (1) GR81945B (de)
IN (1) IN161908B (de)
IS (1) IS1280B6 (de)
NO (1) NO841929L (de)
NZ (1) NZ208146A (de)
SU (1) SU1287757A3 (de)
YU (1) YU83884A (de)
ZA (1) ZA843646B (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2560613B2 (fr) * 1983-05-16 1987-03-27 Pechiney Aluminium Perfectionnement aux barres cathodiques comportant une semelle metallique, pour cuves d'electrolyse hall-heroult
US4556468A (en) * 1984-09-26 1985-12-03 Aluminum Company Of America Electrolytic cell
GB8520453D0 (en) * 1985-08-15 1985-09-18 Alcan Int Ltd Aluminium reduction cells
DE3538016A1 (de) * 1985-10-25 1987-05-07 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Kathodenboden fuer aluminium-elektrolysezellen
US5976333A (en) * 1998-01-06 1999-11-02 Pate; Ray H. Collector bar
RU2149925C1 (ru) * 1998-02-25 2000-05-27 Леонов Виктор Васильевич Катодное устройство алюминиевого электролизера
DE102009024881A1 (de) * 2009-06-09 2010-12-16 Sgl Carbon Se Kathodenboden, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kathodenbodens und Verwendung desselben in einer Elektrolysezelle zur Herstellung von Aluminium

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3116273A1 (de) * 1981-04-22 1982-11-18 Schweizerische Aluminium AG, 3965 Chippis Elektrolysewanne

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1102097A (fr) * 1954-03-29 1955-10-17 Bouchayer & Viallet Ets Perfectionnements aux caissons utilisés en électro-métallurgie
US3494851A (en) * 1967-05-17 1970-02-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Electrolytic cells
US4175022A (en) * 1977-04-25 1979-11-20 Union Carbide Corporation Electrolytic cell bottom barrier formed from expanded graphite
CH643602A5 (de) * 1979-10-17 1984-06-15 Alusuisse Elektrolysewanne.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3116273A1 (de) * 1981-04-22 1982-11-18 Schweizerische Aluminium AG, 3965 Chippis Elektrolysewanne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 31(C-92)(909), 24 février 1982; & JP-A-56 150 195 (SUMITOMO ALUMINUM SEIREN K.K.) 20-11-1981 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES288257Y (es) 1986-07-16
EP0126700B1 (de) 1987-03-18
US4488955A (en) 1984-12-18
CA1228834A (fr) 1987-11-03
FR2546183B1 (fr) 1985-07-05
AU2801984A (en) 1984-11-22
IS2912A7 (is) 1984-11-17
IS1280B6 (is) 1987-07-07
NZ208146A (en) 1987-04-30
ZA843646B (en) 1985-07-31
NO841929L (no) 1984-11-19
YU83884A (en) 1988-04-30
ES288257U (es) 1985-12-16
AU558957B2 (en) 1987-02-12
DE3462702D1 (en) 1987-04-23
FR2546183A1 (fr) 1984-11-23
SU1287757A3 (ru) 1987-01-30
GR81945B (de) 1984-12-12
IN161908B (de) 1988-02-20

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