EP0128450A2 - Transducteur ultrasonore - Google Patents

Transducteur ultrasonore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0128450A2
EP0128450A2 EP84106099A EP84106099A EP0128450A2 EP 0128450 A2 EP0128450 A2 EP 0128450A2 EP 84106099 A EP84106099 A EP 84106099A EP 84106099 A EP84106099 A EP 84106099A EP 0128450 A2 EP0128450 A2 EP 0128450A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic transducer
reflector
ultrasonic
transducer
sensor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84106099A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0128450A3 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Dr. Lerch
Günther Gräbner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0128450A2 publication Critical patent/EP0128450A2/fr
Publication of EP0128450A3 publication Critical patent/EP0128450A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
    • G10K11/28—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using reflection, e.g. parabolic reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
    • G10K11/32—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning characterised by the shape of the source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S310/00—Electrical generator or motor structure
    • Y10S310/80—Piezoelectric polymers, e.g. PVDF

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor for object detection in air or other gases, which contains a first ultrasonic transducer with a piezo body as a transmitter.
  • Sensors are devices that are designed to take physical parameters, e.g. Can determine or prove pressure, temperature, position or speed in a measuring range.
  • a sensor is, for example, an ultrasonic proximity switch that can detect objects or people.
  • object detection with inductive or capacitive proximity switches is problematic.
  • the ultrasonic proximity switches can also detect small objects more reliably. Almost all materials are suitable for this type of object detection.
  • Ultrasonic transducers are provided for such ultrasonic echo sounder systems, which generate a sound beam with a particularly small opening angle. In this way, disruptive reflections of the ultrasound can be avoided, so that a particularly high resolution can be achieved and objects that are close to one another can be distinguished.
  • the dimensions are essentially the same for an ultrasonic transducer predetermined by the intended operating frequency and the material of the converter.
  • the dimensions of the ultrasound transducer also determine the size of the sound radiation area of the transducer, the size of the sound radiation area essentially determining the opening angle of the sound beam generated. With an operating frequency of approximately 49 kHz and lead zirconate titanate PZT as the material for the converter, for example, there is an opening angle of approximately 10 ° to 12 °.
  • An ultrasonic transducer which contains a piezo body, a Z / 4 matching layer and a weighting ring.
  • On an end face of the piezo body is the; L / 4 matching layer arranged, the diameter of which is significantly larger than the diameter of the piezo body.
  • the ring-shaped surface area of the ⁇ / 4 adaptation layer which projects beyond the edge of the piezo body is provided with the weighting ring (German specification 25 41 492).
  • the weighting ring ensures that a large area, the dimensions of which are substantially larger than the end face of the piezo body, is excited to vibrate in phase.
  • an ultrasonic proximity switch which works as a distance sensor without contact or contact.
  • the core of this proximity switch is a piezoceramic ultrasonic transducer that works in air or other gases.
  • the object to be detected is used as an ultrasound reflector, the usable detection range being between 20 cm and 100 cm and the unusable close range between 0 cm and 20 cm.
  • the objects to be detected can be solid, liquid or powdery with a flat, smooth, polished or matt surface.
  • the material of these surfaces can be transparent or of any color (H.CH. Münzing "Distance Sensor for Large Switching Distances" etz Vol. 103 (1982), No. 10, pages 518 and 519).
  • This ultrasonic proximity switch can only detect objects suitable for reflection, the reflection surface of which is arranged perpendicular to the sound beam axis within the half-value width. Deviations of ⁇ 3 ° from the perpendicular to the axis of the sound beam are permissible.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying an ultrasonic sensor for object detection in air or other gases, the reception aperture of which is enlarged so that objects can also be detected whose reflection surface normals about an object position angle which are substantially greater than ⁇ 3 ° to the sound beam axis are inclined.
  • the surface of the second ultrasonic transducer facing the reflector forms a dome.
  • This calotte can consist of several flat individual oscillators, which are arranged in a facet construction.
  • the second ultrasonic transducer can contain a plurality of ring-shaped individual oscillators and a cone, the lateral surfaces of which result in the spherical shape.
  • the second ultrasound transducer contains a support body, which is designed as a section of a sphere, and a piezoelectric plastic film, which is applied to this sphere section.
  • the support body is provided as a hard backing with respect to the piezoelectric plastic film.
  • This piezoelectric plastic film can consist, for example, of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF. This design results in a simple construction of the second ultrasound transducer.
  • an ultrasound sensor 2 for object detection in air or other gases is illustrated.
  • This ultrasound sensor 2 contains a first ultrasound transducer 4, a reflector 6 and a second ultrasound transducer 8.
  • the first ultrasound transducer 4 contains a disk-shaped piezo body 10 which is provided on one of its two flat sides with a 2/4 adaptation layer 12, which is, for example, essential has larger dimensions than the piezo body 10.
  • the protruding area of the 2/4 adaptation layer 12 is connected to a weighting ring 14 on the side of the piezo body 10.
  • the 2/4 adaptation layer 12 consists of a material whose acoustic sound wave resistance has a dimension which lies between the size of the sound wave resistance of the piezo body 10 and the size of the sound wave resistance of the medium in which the sound is to propagate.
  • the second ultrasound is in the first focal point, ie in the focal point close to the reflector converter 8 arranged.
  • the diameter D of the reflector 6 is dependent on the object distance a, which indicates the distance between the two focal points of the ellipsoid, and on the possible object position angle ⁇ , the angle which is included by the sound beam axis 16 and the reflection surface normal of the object 18 to be detected.
  • the relationship between diameter D, object distance a and object position angle ⁇ can be determined by the following equation represent.
  • the object position angle is approximately ⁇ 14 °, for example.
  • an angle of, for example, approximately ⁇ 7 ° results for the object position angle ⁇ at a predetermined object distance a of approximately 80 cm and a predetermined diameter D of approximately 20 cm.
  • the second ultrasonic transducer 8 is arranged in the first focal point of the reflector 6.
  • the surface 20 of the second ultrasonic transducer 8 facing the reflector 6 forms a dome.
  • the surface 21 of the second ultrasonic transducer 8 facing away from the reflector 6 is arranged parallel to the end faces of the first ultrasonic transducer 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the second ultrasonic transducer 8, which is arranged in the first focal point of the reflector 6.
  • the surface 20 of the second ultrasonic transducer 8 facing the reflector 6 forms a dome.
  • This calotte consists of several individual oscillators 22, which are arranged in a facet construction.
  • the second ultrasonic transducer 8 contains a plurality of annular individual oscillators 24 and a cone 26.
  • the lateral surfaces 28 of the annular individual oscillators 24 and the cone 26 result in the spherical shape of the second ultrasonic transducer 8.
  • the second ultrasound transducer can be used to detect 8 sound waves from the solid angle range given by the reflector 6.
  • the second ultrasonic transducer 8 contains a support body 30 and a piezoelectric plastic film 32.
  • the support body 30 is designed as a section of a ball and is also provided as a hard backing with respect to the piezoelectric plastic film 32.
  • the piezoelectric plastic film 32 is applied to the curved outer surface of the support body 30.
  • This piezoelectric plastic film 32 can be made of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, for example. This configuration results in a simple construction of the second ultrasound transducer 8.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
EP84106099A 1983-06-09 1984-05-29 Transducteur ultrasonore Withdrawn EP0128450A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833320935 DE3320935A1 (de) 1983-06-09 1983-06-09 Ultraschall-sensor
DE3320935 1983-06-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0128450A2 true EP0128450A2 (fr) 1984-12-19
EP0128450A3 EP0128450A3 (fr) 1985-03-13

Family

ID=6201108

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84106099A Withdrawn EP0128450A3 (fr) 1983-06-09 1984-05-29 Transducteur ultrasonore

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4528853A (fr)
EP (1) EP0128450A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6024473A (fr)
DE (1) DE3320935A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0155028A1 (fr) * 1984-02-16 1985-09-18 Dornier Medizintechnik Gmbh Dispositif pour la desintégration sans contact des concrétions présentes dans un corps

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JPS63275975A (ja) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-14 Yokogawa Electric Corp 超音波距離計の送受波器
US4859897A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-08-22 Frank Massa Directional waterproof ultrasonic transducer for operating in air
DE3905099C1 (fr) * 1989-02-20 1990-08-09 Schoeller Transportautomation Gmbh, 5120 Herzogenrath, De
JPH02223881A (ja) * 1989-02-23 1990-09-06 Omron Tateisi Electron Co 超音波センサ
DE3907605C2 (de) * 1989-03-09 1996-04-04 Dornier Medizintechnik Stosswellenquelle
US5053747A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-10-01 Pacesetter Infusion, Inc. Ultrasonic air-in-line detector self-test technique
US5000663A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-03-19 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. Automatic tubing lock for ultrasonic sensor interface
US5126616A (en) * 1989-09-05 1992-06-30 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. Ultrasonic transducer electrical interface assembly
US5176631A (en) * 1989-09-05 1993-01-05 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. Ultrasonic air-in-line detector for detecting entrained air in a medication infusion system
US5064412A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-11-12 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. Ultrasonic air-in-line detector for a medication infusion system
WO1992017795A1 (fr) * 1991-03-28 1992-10-15 Kdg Mobrey Limited Systeme acoustique destine a la telemetrie par echo d'impulsion
NZ243294A (en) * 1991-06-25 1995-04-27 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Time of flight of acoustic wave packets through fluid: reduction of higher order acoustic mode effects
DE4435156C2 (de) * 1994-09-30 2002-06-27 Microsonic Ges Fuer Mikroelekt Ultraschallsensor
US5736642A (en) * 1997-01-08 1998-04-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Nonlinear ultrasonic scanning to detect material defects
EP0886144B1 (fr) 1997-06-19 2006-09-06 STMicroelectronics S.r.l. Capteur scellé hermétiquement avec microstructure mobile
US6417602B1 (en) 1998-03-03 2002-07-09 Sensotech Ltd. Ultrasonic transducer
DE102005012193B3 (de) * 2005-03-15 2006-08-17 Landis+Gyr Gmbh Ultraschallkopf
US8490490B2 (en) * 2005-08-26 2013-07-23 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic testing equipment, ultrasonic testing method, and manufacturing method of seamless pipe or tube
DK3117784T3 (en) 2009-07-08 2019-04-08 Sanuwave Inc USE OF INTRACORPORAL PRESSURE SHOCK WAVES IN MEDICINE
ITMO20090219A1 (it) * 2009-09-01 2011-03-02 Imal Srl Dispositivo ad ultrasuoni ad elevata efficienza.
RU2467500C2 (ru) * 2009-12-31 2012-11-20 Зао "Сатурн Хай-Тек" Акустическая система с регулируемой диаграммой направленности
ITTO20120542A1 (it) 2012-06-20 2013-12-21 St Microelectronics Srl Dispositivo microelettromeccanico con instradamento dei segnali attraverso un cappuccio protettivo e metodo per controllare un dispositivo microelettromeccanico

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US2399820A (en) * 1942-09-02 1946-05-07 Rca Corp Piezoelectric apparatus
FR70023E (fr) * 1956-08-11 1959-02-02 Realisations Ultrasoniques Sa Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle automatique de matière en feuille, notamment de tôle au moyen d'ultrasons
US3106839A (en) * 1958-03-05 1963-10-15 Automation Ind Inc Ultrasonic transducer
DE1264681B (de) * 1961-07-05 1968-03-28 Siemens Ag Fuer die medizinische Ultraschalldiagnose nach dem Impuls-Echoverfahren bestimmtes ultraschall-spiegeloptisches System zum Senden und Empfangen von Ultraschallwellen
US4203162A (en) * 1964-04-10 1980-05-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Electrically steerable spherical hydrophone array
US3912954A (en) * 1974-01-14 1975-10-14 Schaub Engineering Company Acoustic antenna
JPS5593394A (en) * 1979-01-10 1980-07-15 Toshiba Corp Sound detector
FR2473242A1 (fr) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-10 Thomson Csf Transducteur electroacoustique a dome actif

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0155028A1 (fr) * 1984-02-16 1985-09-18 Dornier Medizintechnik Gmbh Dispositif pour la desintégration sans contact des concrétions présentes dans un corps

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3320935A1 (de) 1984-12-13
JPS6024473A (ja) 1985-02-07
US4528853A (en) 1985-07-16
EP0128450A3 (fr) 1985-03-13

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Inventor name: LERCH, REINHARD, DR.

Inventor name: GRAEBNER, GUENTHER